语言学树型图 11页

NPNJimORNPNJimb)HelenputonNPNJVPAVPVPAuxVNPDetANP/T\NCONNhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsInflP(=S)VPInflVNPDetANPZl\NCONNhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsherclothesandwentout.SVPVPCONVPNPVAdv/\DetNa)Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.InflP(=S)Helenputonherclothesandwentout\nORInflP(=S)NPNwentoutHelenputonherclothesandc)Maryisfondofliteraturebuttiredofstatistics.SMaryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatisticsORInflP(=S)/T\Maryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatistics\n6.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainembeddedclausesthatfunctionascomplementsofaverb,anadjective,aprepositionoranoun.Drawatreestructureforeachsentence.a)YouknowthatIhatewar.YouS\nORYou\na)Gerrycan'tbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam.SNPVPVPAuxGerrycannotbelieve\na)ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce.NPVPTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentADetNVNPNPTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentNRolls-RoyceNDetChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimab)Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.TheessaythathewroteewasexcellentTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentThechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwingsTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentthedeepstructureandthe6.Eachofthefollowingsentencescontainsarelativeclause.Drawsurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesentences.Theessaythathewroteewasexcellent\na)Theessaythathewrotewasexcellent.TheessaythathewroteewasexcellentDeepstructureCPSNPNVPVDetAPTheessayCPSInflNPheVPVwroteNPthatwasexcellentTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentSurfaceStructureTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentCPSNPNVPVDetAPCPNPSInflNPVPTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentNPPstTheessaythathewroteewasexcellent\nc)Herbertboughtahousethatsheloved.TheessaythathewroteewasexcellentDeepstructureCPSNPVPInflHerbertboughtVTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentSurfaceStructureTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentTheessaythathewroteewasexcellentCboughtahouse(that)shelovedeHerbertTheessaythathewroteewasexcellent\nc)Thegirlwhomheadoresmajorsinlinguistics.ThegirlwhomheadoresemajorsinlinguisticsDeepstructureCInflSNPVPVPNPThegirlheadoreswhommajorsinlinguisticsSurfaceStructureCThegirlwhomheadoresemajorsinlinguistics\n8.Thederivationsofthefollowingsentencesinvolvetheinversiontransformation.Givethedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesesentences.a)Wouldyoucometomorrow?DeepstructureAdvPAdvyouwouldcometomorrowSurfacestructurewouldtyouecometomorrow\nf)WhatwasHelenbringingtotheparty?DeepstructurepartySurfacestructure