中考英语宾语从句总复习课件[1] 24页

TheObjectClause宾语从句东兴初中肖守兰Revision\nTheobjectclause宾语从句定义：复合句中，放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。\n一、引导词二、语序三、时态宾语从句知识及运用四、其他注意问题\n宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：（看从句）从句是陈述句(无实际意义，可省略）从句是一般疑问句从句是特殊疑问句Weknow（that）weshouldlearnfromeachother.(即特殊疑问词的本身意义)thatif/whetherwh-/howCouldyoupleasetellmewherethebankis?引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导词，看从句成份是否完整，不完整，一定是特殊疑问句。完整，判断主句语气，是疑问语气，用if/whether;是肯定语气，用that.一、引导词（是否）Pleasetellmeif/whetherheliveshere.\n注意：1.If/whether（是否）的区别一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况通常只能用whether：①在不定式前：Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.②在介词后：Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.③与ornot连用：Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.④做主语从句：Whetherheisrightisn’timportant.主语\n2.从句是特殊疑问句,当主句的主语或宾语与从句主语是一致,可简化成:特殊疑问词+todo.CouldyoutellmehowIcandoit？Couldyoutellmehowtodoit？e.g:Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddo.Idon’tknowwhattodo.\nExercise1.填写合适的引导词1.Canyoutellme____youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.when2.Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.when3.Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.which4.Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbe5.Idon'tknow___hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.what6.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhy7.Heaskedme_____toldmethenews.AwhomBwhichCwho8.Heaskedhisfriend_______togothereornot.A.ifBwhetherC.whatCCABBAABexercis\nExercise2：用that,if/whether,where,what,who，howold,why等连接词填空.1.Ihear_____theywillvisitourschoolnextweek.2.Doyouknow_____isdancing?3.Wethink______youhaveneverbeentherebefore4.Pleasetellme_______youlive.5.Motheraskedme___________Ihadfinishedmyhomework.thatwhothatwhereif/whether\n6.Doyouknow_____sheisangry?7.Theteacherasked_____yournamewas.8.Tomisten.Iwanttoknow_________youare.9.Heaskedyou_______youwereastudentornot.whywhathowoldwhether\n二、语序e.g:Doesheworkhard？Iwanttoknow.→Whendidheleave？Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.陈述句语序即：连词＋主语＋谓语动词(1)陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。e.g:Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.(2)一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。Iwanttoknowif/whetherheworkshard.\n(3)当特殊疑问词在句中做主语或主语的修饰语时，变为宾语从句时，语序不变。e.g:Whoisondutytoday?Doyouknow?→Doyouknowwhoisondutytoday?注意:What’sthematter?/What’swrong?/what’shappening?/Whathappened?Idon’tknow?→Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter/what’swrong/what’shappening/whathappened.\nExercise3.下列宾语从句的语序是否正确。IthinkthathewillcometoChinanextyear.Iwanttoknowifhewasathomeyesterday.Canyoutellmewheredoesyourmotherwork?Doyouknowwhocananswerthequestion?Pleasetelluswhereisthehospital?√√yourmotherworksthehospitalis√\n三、时态①如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定.eg：Ihear（that）he__________(come)backnextweek.②如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。（看主句）eg:Hesaid（that）there______(be)noclassesyesterday.Wewanttoknowwhenhe_______(start)learningEnglishlastyear.Hetoldmehe_______(can)swim.werecouldstartedwillcomeTheteacheraskedhimwhathe____________(do)atseven.wasdoinge.ge.g\n3.如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时。e.g:4.could/wouldyoutellme+宾语从句表示委婉语气，不是一般过去时态。e.g:Hesaidthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.e.gCouldyoupleasetellmewherehelives?\nExercise4.时态练习1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takes2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.willgoB.goC.wouldgo3Couldyoutellmewhetherthey___adictationtomorrow.A.hadB.has.C.willhave4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsomewater.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecan5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.traveledB.hastraveledC.travelsACCBC\n四、其他注意问题1.if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别1）.宾语从句:ifwhen2）.状语从句:条件状语从句if时间状语从句when是否什么时候(即特殊疑问词)如果当……时时态:主句一般将来时/一般现在时/祈使句/含情态动词,从句一般现在时.主句一般过去时,从句一般过去时.\nExercise5.If/when区别练习:1.Ifit_______(rain)tomorrow，Iwon’tcome.2.Hedidn’ttellmeifit_________(rain)tomorrow.3.Idon’tknowifhe__________(come)tomorrow.Ifhe______(come),I’lltellyou.4.Whenit________(stop)raining,we’llgoswimming.5.Couldyoutellmewhenthefilm____________(start)thisevening?wouldrainrainswillcomecomesstopswillstart如果是否是否如果当…….的时候什么时候\nShedidn’tsaythathewouldcomehere,________?其它注意问题didsheIdon’tthinkheisserious,_________?isheIbelievehecanfinishitontime,____________?can’the当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等词时，并且主句主语为I/we时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。e.g：Idon’tthinkheisright.我认为他不对。1）.一般根据主句的谓语动词判断：2).当主句主语为I/we，主句动词为suppose,believe，think等，则根据从句判断:4.祈使句放在动词后面不能用宾语从句表达：2.否定前置3.宾语从句的反意疑问句Open/Don’topenthedoor.Heaskedme→Heaskedmetoopen/nottoopenthedoor.\nSummary：宾语从句七注意一、if/whether区别特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词+todo引导词二、语序whatisthematter?等句子语序不变三、时态如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象,仍用一般现在时Could/wouldyoutellme…?四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别五、反意疑问句一般看主句think,believe,suppose,guess且主句主语为I/we时,看从句.六、否定转移Idon’tthinkhehastimetoplaywiththegirl.七、祈使句在动词后面不使用宾语从句表达。Hetoldme(not)towatchTV.\n综合练习1.(各地中考题)1.Inthebookshop,areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____thiswasaninterestingbook.A.thatB.whoC.if2.-Idon'tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.-HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.A.whyB.whenC.how3.-Weneverknow_____theoldmanis.-Theysayheisateacher.A.whatB.whoC.which4.-Doyouknow_____?I'mgoingtoseehim.-Sorry,Idon'tknow.A.wheredoesMr.LiliveB.wheredidMr.LiliveC.whereMr.Lilives5.Idon'tfeelverywell.Mumaskedme_____thismorning.A.whatthematterisB.whatiswrongC.whatwasthematter6.-WhereisJack?-Heisawaytospendhisholiday.He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan,butI'mnotsure_____hehasgone.A.thatB.whichC.whereAACcCC\n综合练习2：将下列各句合并成宾语从句。1.Whatishisname?Idon’tknow____________________2.WhendidyoubegintostudyEnglish?Ididn’tknow____________________________3.ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.Theteachersaid__________________________4.Doesheliveinthatstreet?Couldyoutellme________________________whathisnameis.whenyoubegantostudyEnglish.itwasimportanttolearnEnglish.ifhelivesinthatstreet.\n综合练习3.翻译句子。1.我认为不会下雨．I____________thatit____________.2.我认为你的答案不对.I_____________youranswer＿＿right.３.我们相信他还没走.We_____________thathe____________.4.我不知道飞机为什么晚点了.Ididn’tknow_____theplane___________.5.他问我会议什么时候开始.Heaskedme_____themeeting___________.don’tthinkwillraindon’tthinkisdon’tbelievehasgonewhywaslatewhenwouldbegin\n6.没人知道他是什么时候出生的.Nooneknows_____he___________.7.老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大Theteachertoldhisstudentsthesun__________thanthemoon.8.我不能肯定他来还是不来.I’mnotsure_______he________ornot.whenwasbornisbiggerwhetherwillcome\nGoodbye!Thanks