中考英语作文突破指导—作文模板课件 46页

中考书面表达突破\n1听力-?<202单项-83完形-74阅读-255词语<106补全-57作文-20所剩5-10分钟，检查：分值高到低、难到易。中考英语大致时间分配——建议\n一、题型特点：书面表达是对学生的语言组织能力、行文表达能力、基础知识、语法、词汇等综合驾驭能力的考查。中考书面表达贴近生活，贴近时代，给同学们一更多的表达空间。作文题目由限制性题目到半开放性题目，提示性词语越来越少，而给同学们的空间越来越大：06年Non-smokingDay;07年“校园节约从我做起”;到09年的“APersonIwillneverforget”，10年_____isfun\n二、考查形式（体裁）：中考英语考查形式多样：看图（表）写作、书信、通知、日记、记人物等。体裁包括：记叙文、说明文和应用文；\n三、中考评分标准：作文一律按档给分，与错误个数无直接关系。第一档（13-15分）信息完整，表达流畅，无语言错误或基本无语言错误。第二档（10-12分）信息基本完整，表达较流畅，有少量语言错误，但不影响意思表达。第三档（7-9分）能传达部分信息，表达不够流畅，语言错误较多，但句子基本可读。第四档（4-6分）只能传达少量信息，表达不流畅，语言错误多，只有少量句子可读。第五档（1-3分）只能传达个别信息，表达不清楚，只有个别句子可读。\n四、做题步骤：1审题：审清作文体裁（类型）时态、人称等细节；找出文章要表达的中心。2列提纲（文章结构框架）：分几段，以及每段大体内容；3写作：在提纲的基础上补充要点；4复查：2遍——1遍看查拼写、语法、标点等问题；2遍不出声读查，靠语感检查语句是否通顺、连贯等；5誊抄：不允许做任何的更改。*总之做到三审：体裁、时态、人称；三思：词汇—>短语—>句式；三查：要点、拼写和语法、连贯。\n五、作文一般框架：文章分3段：（1）综述：概括性强，最多2句话引入主题；（2）正文——主要内容：层次性强，一定要有过渡型连接词。最多展开3个方面，每个方面最多2句话；（3）结尾：紧扣主题，2句话内结束，尽量升华。\n写好中考英语书面表达，应注意哪些问题？1、认真审题，紧扣提示内容准确理解题意是成功写好作文的第一步，然后把要点一一写清，不能丢三落四，一般情况下，写清要点后，要适当发挥，但必须紧扣主题，适可而止。2、做到语言基本无误。要点确定了，就可以构思文章的写作框架，先写什么，后写什么，尽量不要出现语法错误。eg：名词的复数、所有格、代词的数与格，数词的基数与序数、形容词的等级、动词的各种形式、句子的结构语序、标点等都要准确。3、文章要通顺连贯。条理要清晰，句与句之间联系要紧密，连接词使用要恰当。不能东一笔，西一笔，让人看了不知所云。4、尽可能表达清楚，发挥想象力和创造力。每个要点、句子都尽可能表达清楚明白，根据提示，选用自己最熟悉、最有把握的词组、句型来写每一句话，最好多用简单句，适当运用并列句、复合句，切记不用自己没把握的、不熟悉的句式，以免写成chinglish。5、提笔写文章时，要做到：（1）语言精练，层次、结构分明。\n一般有词数限制，句子要言简意赅，语句达意，严禁写出与主题无关的话题。（2）用词贴切，力求变化。选用的词、句式，避免单一，反复出现，善用同义词、同义句表达出来。（3）时态准确，无语法错误。正确使用句子时态也是中考作文的重头戏。一般来说，记叙文是记叙已发生的事，以过去时为主，说明文阐明的是事实，以现在时为主，通知表达的是将要发生的事，以将来时为主。（4）扬长避短，迂回表达尽量用大家都会用的句子，大家都认识的词，如果某词不记得，或某句不知如何表达，最好用同义词或同义句表达。（5）字数要相当。中考作文大都要求在60—80字左右，一般不能少于最低字数，否则将被扣分，字数相符加1分。（6）书写工整、规范。如文章书写潦草，会被甩到下一档，会吃大亏。（7）反复修改，检查。\n认真审题，找出文章要表达的中心。写作第一步审\n审健康很重要。在学习和工作的压力日趋增大的今天，会休息的人才会有健康的身体。人们是如何度过假期的呢？国际健康组织对此作了一次调查，右图是他们此次的调查结果。根据你所得的信息，请为国际健康组织写一篇完整的调查报告,并提倡大家进行假日休闲。travelvisitfriendsorparentsstayathomework\n用简单的句子或短语列出文章要点。写作第二步列\n根据以下关键词及图表用简单的句子列出文章的要点如何度假调查报告倡议假日休闲travelvisitfriendsorparentsstayathomework\n列Alotofpeopletravel.Somepeoplestayathome.Someotherpeoplevisitfriendsorparents.Afewpeoplework.Enjoyyourvacation.\nHowdopeoplespendtheirvacation?Wemadeasurveyandhereisoursurveyreport.Howdopeoplespendtheirvacation?Wemadeasurveyandhereisoursurveyreport.Alotofpeopletravel.Somepeoplestayathome.Someotherpeoplevisitfriendsorparents.Afewpeoplework.aniceheadanicebodyComeandenjoyyourvacation.Peoplewhorelaxwellworkwell.anicetail\n加首尾，使结构完整。可以采取总分总结构或者总分结构，开头或结尾的句子应注意简洁，漂亮。写作第三步：加\nHowdopeoplespendtheirvacation?Wemadeasurveyandhereisoursurveyreport.Alotofpeopletravel.Somepeoplestayathome.TheywatchTVorsurftheinternet.Someotherpeoplevisitfriendsorparents.Afewpeoplework.Comeandenjoyyourvacation.Thepeoplewhorelaxwellworkwell.\n恰当运用关联词句，使得文章层次清晰，各个部分衔接自然。写作第四步：连\n关联词1.表示并列或递进:and,aswellas,both…and,notonly…butalso,neither…nor;2.表示选择:or,either…or;3.表示转折:but,however,although,though,afterall,4.表示因果:because,so,therefore5.表示条件:if,unless6.表示对比:instead,not…but,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand;7.表示解释:forexample,forinstance,suchas,thatistosay,inotherwords;8.表示顺序:tobeginwith,firstly,first(ofall),second(ly),next,later,sincethen,fromthenon,finally,intheend;9.表示强调:also,besides,what’smore,actually,infact,10.表示结论:allinall,altogether,inaword,generallyspeaking,\n连Howdopeoplespendtheirvacation?Wemadeasurveyandhereisoursurveyreport.Accordingtoit,mostpeopletravel.Andsomepeoplestayathome.Alsosomeotherpeoplevisitfriendsorparents.However,afewpeoplework.Comeandenjoyyourvacation.Peoplewhorelaxwellworkwell.\n选好词句，美化文章。在有把握的情况下展示自己的语言功底。写作第五步：美\n美Weinterviewedpeopleaboutthewaystospendthevacationandhereisoursurveyreport.Accordingtoit,mostpeoplechoosetotraveltogetawayfromthebusyworldduringtheholidays.Thensomepeopleliketostayathome,watchingTVorsurfingtheInternettohaveagoodrest.Andtovisitfriendsorparentsalsomakesthemrelaxed.However,afewpeoplehavetowork.Comeandenjoyyourvacation.Peoplewhorelaxwellworkwell.\n六、如何列提纲：例1：利弊型作文——Microblog(微博)的利与弊Para1:（综述）withthedevelopmentofinternet…moreandmorepopular…Para2:（利）First,convenient,anywhere,anytime;Second,share…with…;Last,expressviewsfree,money-free…Para3:（弊）However,onecoinhastwofaces.Ontheonehand,awasteoftime——affectstudy;Ontheotherhand,notsafe——stolen,hurtfeelingsPara4:（个人）Asastudent,makegooduseofit.\n七、如何列提纲：例2：计划安排型作文——谈假期安排Para1:（综述）graduatefrom…,holidayiscoming,planforthisholidayPara2:（正文）Firstly,studycomesfirst.makepreparationsforthefirstsenioryear;Secondly,visittouristattractions;Lastbutnotleast,dosportstobuildupmybody.Para3:IamsureI’llhaveameaningfulholiday.(I’mlookingforwardtothecomingholiday.)(Ican’twaittoenjoymysummervocation.)\n八、常见的作文类型模板：1书信Dear...,I’mgladtoreceiveyourletter…------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bestwishes!Yours,Lucy\na书信开头常用语Iamverygladtoreceiveyourletter(hearformyou).Hello,Jane.Iseverythinggoing(on)well?…/Howiseverythinggoing(on)?I’mwritingtoyouforsomeadviceonhowto…I’mwritingtoaskifyoucan...Howtimeflies!Ithasbeenmonths/yearssincewelastmet.Thankyouforinvitingmeto….\nb书信结尾常用语Bestwishes(to/foryou).Wishyougoodluck.(Iam)lookingforwardtohearingfromyou.\n八、常见的作文类型提纲模板：2图表、数字比例型（提出讨论或调查的事实）Lastweek,ourclasshadaclassmeetingon(howto)…Herearetheresults.（表达出不同看法或观点）Moststudentsthink…While…20%ofthemchooseto….Another15believe…Therearealsosome…sayingthat…（表达个人看法）Asastudent,Iagreeto…\n3说明利弊型Nowadays…isbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Ithasmanyadvantages.First,优点1…Besides,优点2…However,everycoinhastwosides.Italsobringsusbadinfluences.Ontheonehand,缺点1…Ontheotherhand,缺点2…Inmyopinion,个人观点…\n4不同观点型Wemadeasurveyaboutwhetherweshould…提出矛盾问题.Differentpeopleholddifferentideas.Somebelieve…正方观点.First,原因1…Besides,原因2…Whileothersdon’tagree.Theythink…反方观点.Ontheonehand,原因1…Ontheotherhand,原因2…Asforme,个人观点…\n5解决问题型Recently,the…problemhasbeenmoreandmoreserious.…shoulddosomethingtosolveit.Firstly,方法1…Secondly,方法2…Finally,方法3…Iamsureifeveryonecanmakeacontributionto…,the…willbecomebetterandbetter.\n九、常用过渡性词语叙事文常用的句子间连接词：Atfirst;atlast;intheend…then/next/afterthat…when/while/assoonas/not…until…atthesametime;attimes;onceinawhile;sothatToone’ssurprise/joyLuckily/fortunately/unluckily/unfortunately…inaword/inall\n议论文常用连接词表示并列：either…or;neither…nor;both…and;notonly…butalso;表示递进的：besides;what’smore;what’sworse;(moreover);表示原因的：because;for…;becauseof…;thanksto…;(forthereasonthat…);表示结果的：so;asaresult;so…that…;therefore;表示目的的：sothat…;inorderthat…;(inorder)to…;for…;表示对比的：while;ontheonehand+ontheotherhand;Eachcoinhastwosides.;prefer…to…;wouldratherdo…thando…;\n议论文常用连接词表示转折的：however;but;表示举例的：forexample;forinstance;suchas…;like…;thatistosay…表示总结的：inall/short;inaword;inbrief/total;lastbutnotleast;last;表示利弊的：begood/badforsb.;beharmfultosb.;doharmtosb.;…havegreat/muchinfluenceonsb.;sth.benefitsb.;sbbenefitfromsth.;affect;haveaneffectonsb.;表示喜爱的：love/like/enjoy…;befondof…;beinterestedin…;showgreatinterestin…;loseoneselfin…;putone’sheartinto…;begoodat;bepoorat;beweakin;\n议论文常用连接词表达个人想法的：Ithink/believe…;(as)forme;inmyopinion/view;asastudent;fromthebottomofmyheart;personally;其他：ingeneral;generallyspeaking;tobeshort;tobehonest;totellthetruth;asweknow;makeupone’smindtodo;inaway;\n议论文常用连接词表达个人想法的：Ithink/believe…;(as)forme;inmyopinion/view;asastudent;fromthebottomofmyheart;personally;其他：ingeneral;generallyspeaking;tobeshort;tobehonest;totellthetruth;asweknow;makeupone’smindtodo;inaway;\n十、作文万能句式Iwillworkhardtomakemydreamcometrue.Ihopeyourdreamwillcometrueoneday.Ittakessb.+时间+todo…Sb.spend（某种人称时态）+时间/钱+onsth./(in)doingsth.It’simportant/necessary/useful/useless/common…(forsb.)tov…It’snice/kindofsb.tov..It’stimeforsb.todosth.It’sawasteoftimeto…It’s…years/dayssincesb.+vedIt’sgreatfuntodo=sb.havegreatfundoingIt’sapitythat…It’sanhonorto…\n十、作文万能句式I’m/We’renotallowedto…I’mafraidofmakingmistakes…Therebe…doing…Greatchangeshavetakenplacein…sthis/arewellworthv-ing.Itseems/seemedthat…Itseems(im)possibletov…Itissaidthat…Asthesayinggoes,……and….aredifferentinmanyways.too+adj./adv.todoTherearemanydifferencesbetween…and…\n十、作文万能句式Ihavemadeupmymindto…Iamsurethat…Iamnotsurewhether/if…Iwouldrather….than…Itdoesn’tmatterif…Thankyouforv-ing.Ifeveryonecanmakeacontributiontotheearth/nature/society,ourlifewillbebetterandbetter.\n十一、作文万能短语have/lookforachancetododooutdooractivitiesbe/getusedto(doing)sth.learn…from…beproudof/takepridein…playanimportant/activepart/rolein…agreewithsb.todosth.withthehelpofsb.=withone’shelp(反义：withoutone’shelp)be/getreadytodosth.=be/getreadyforsth.payattentionto…takegoodcareof…makefriendswith…geton/alongwellwith…\n十一、作文万能短语wishyousuccessful/successastimegoesby…graduatefrom…lookingbacktothepastthreeyears,…（用现在完成时态）passthe(final)examsticktodoingkeepyoumindonyourgoalsmakeupone’smindtodosth.(onsth.)makeadecisiontodoworkhardatEnglishonceinawhile/attimes/nowandthenfromthenon\n十一、作文万能短语inthefuture（将来）/infuture（从今以后）increaseourknowledge/enlargeourvocabularyinfact/asamatteroffactinthebeginning/atfirstfeellikegivinguphavetrouble/difficultyin(doing)sth.have(no)timetodohaveexperiencein(doing)sth.followone’sadvice/suggestionsmastersomebasic…skillsberequiredtodoasksb.forhelpcan’twaittodo\n十一、作文万能短语besupposedtodoencouragesb.tododeal/dowith…workout/solvetheproblemsallsorts/kindsof…athomeandabroadoneof…befullof…learnsth.byoneselfcomeupwithgoodideasbesurprisedatsth.(todosth.)inordertokeephealthy/fitagoodwaytov…\n十一、作文万能短语keep(on)tryingworryabout…/beworriedabout…inone’sspare/freetimebekind/friendlytobestrictwithhelpotherssaythankyouto…havefun/enjoyoneself/haveagoodtimeplentyof+C/Uworryabout/beworriedaboutasksb.forhelp/turntosb.forhelp/callsb.forhelpbepopularwith…sharesth.withsb.knowlittle/muchabout…\n十一、作文万能短语do/tryone’sbesttov…be/feelsorryfor…helpsb.(to)dosth./withsth.in/duringclassbefore/afterclassteachsb.todosth.\n*词数80左右，不少于70词，不多于100词。不能使用其他颜色笔、修正液等可被视为标记的工具；绝对不能透露真实信息。