【教案】初中英语被动语态的教案 6页

初二英语被动语态一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.谓语：speak的动作是由主语manypeople来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：Englishisspokenbymanypeople.主语English是动词speak的承受者。判断：看我上面举的例子，你来判断哪个是主动哪个是被动？Heopenedthedoor.他开了门。(主动句)Thedoorwasopened.门被开了。(被动句)说明：好了，现在我们对被动语态的句子形式有了一个形象的认识，但英语句子是千变万化的，这时就需要你有“火眼金睛”了。下面老师就来具体讲一讲被动语态的构成。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。说明：别看英语中一会儿主动被动一会儿现在时一会儿过去时啥的，好像看得咱们眼花缭乱啦。其实呢，这么一堆东西归纳起来，就两点：时态和语态。一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught一般过去时：was／were＋taught一般将来时：will／shallbe＋taught现在进行时：am／is／arebeing＋taught过去进行时：have／hasbeen＋taught现在完成时：have／hasbeen＋taught歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。说明：那么，什么时候用被动语态呢？简单的说，凡是汉语中带“被”的句子，都能转换成英语的被动语态。三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Somenewcomputerswerestolenlastnight.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)Thisbookwaspublishedin1981.这本书出版于1981年。(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：thewindowwasbrokenbyMike.窗户是迈克打破的。Thisbookwaswrittenbyhim.这本书是他写的。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。主动态和被动态指的是动词形式，是词法概念；而主动句和被动句则指的是句子结构，从而是句法概念。所谓主动句就是由主动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子，而被动句则是由被动态动词(词组)作谓语动词的句子。补充内容：四、主动语态变被动语态的方法1精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共6页-----------------------\n(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：Allthepeoplelaughedathim.Hewaslaughedatbyallpeople.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.Thebikesaremadebytheminthefactory.歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to仍要保留。”歌诀是：情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。例如：Wecanrepairthiswatchintwodays.Thiswatchcanberepairedintwodays.Yououghttotakeitaway.Itoughttobetakenaway.Theyshoulddoitatonce.Itshouldbedoneatonce.1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound2English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused21Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep2-I'dliketobuythatcoat.-I'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed6Hisnewbook___nextmonth.2精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共6页-----------------------\nA.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished31Japanese___ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking2Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten3Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't41-Myshoesarewornout.A.Can'ttheybemended?B.Letmehavealookatit.C.Howmuchdotheycost?D.Can'ttheymended?2___thewatchbeenrepairedyet?Ibadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are3___thesedesksbeneeded?A.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do51Why___totalkaboutityesterday?A.didn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theld2Whowasthebook___?A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby3Where___theseboxesmade?A.wasB.wereC.isD.am61Theflowers___often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater2Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow3Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended71Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt2Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown3Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild81Nowthesemagazines__inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept2Thepot___for___hotwater.A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep3Tea___inthesouthofChina.3精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共6页-----------------------\nA.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow4Thebridges___twoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt5Wetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather.A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung91Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing2Theteapot___water.A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled3Oldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland___politely.A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento4Oldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell101Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare2Theywere___atthesuddennoise.A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens3Thesewalls___stone.A.aremadeofB.madeof.C.aremadeintoD.madeinto111Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid2Thepapers___tothem.A.wereshownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown3Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto121I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven2Shewill____goodcare____.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou131Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done2Theboy_streetswithoutpayintheolddays.A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadeclean3Thesechildren____dance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto141Thesestones___well.A.arefittedB.fitC.fitsD.isfitted4精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共6页-----------------------\n2Thebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted3Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.A.was'hadB.washeldC.heldD.had151Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace2Youcan'tusethecomputer,it____.A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown3Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened4Thewatchhasoften___down.A.satB.lainC.brokenD.fell161Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.A.isbrokenB.isbreakingC.brokeD.broken2Thestorybooks___bythewriterinthe1960s.A.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting3Whattime___thedoor___everyday?A.does;closedB.does;closeC.is;closedD./;close171Canhe___himself?A.getdressB.getdressedC.getsdressedD.insteadof2Hefellfromhisbikeand___.A.ishurtB.getshurtC.gothurtD.hurt3Lookout,pleasekeepawayfromthefire,oryourtrouserswill__A.burntB.burnC.burningD.getburn181Theapple___verysweet.A.istastedB.taste-C.tastesD.aretasting2You___morebeautifulinthelightblueshirt.A.seeB.watchC.lookD.lookat3Whatyousaid___.likeagoodidea.A.heardB.listenedC.soundD.sounded191-WhatdoyouthinkoftheTVplay?-Wonderful.Itisworth___asecondtime.A.watchingB.watchedC.seenD.seeing2Howdirtythetablesare!Theyneed___.A.tocleanB.cleanC.cleaningD.cleaned3Thebookisworth___.A.seeingB.readingC.seenD.read参考答案：5精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共6页-----------------------\n1.1-5BDDDC2.1-6BCBBCA3.1-3ABB4.1-3ABA5.1-3BDB6.1-3BAD7.1-3ABA8.1-5DBBCD9.1-4BADD10.1-3BBA11.1-3BAC12.1-3DDB13.1-3BAA14.1-4BCB15.1-4BDAC16.1-3ABC17.1-3BCD18.1-3CCD19.1-3ACB6精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页，共6页-----------------------