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1.interestingmovingamazingsurprisingamazing(((修饰物(修饰物))))interestedmovedmovedamazedamazedsurprisedsurprisedamazedamazedamazed(amazed(((修饰人修饰人))))egegeg:eg:::Wearemovedatthemovingfilm.Wearemovedatthemovingfilm.Wearemovedatthemovingfilm.Wearemovedatthemovingfilm.2.payspendspendcostcosttaketaketake这四个词都有花费的意思take这四个词都有花费的意思Sbpaysomemoneyforsth.(Sbpaysomemoneyforsth.(人做主语Sbpaysomemoneyforsth.(人做主语,,,结构是,结构是pay….for).for).for)SbspentsomemoneyonsthSbspentsomemoneyonsth或Sbspentsomemoneyonsth或或或sbsbsbsbspendsomemoney(in)spendsomemoney(in)doingsthdoingsthdoingsth(((人做主语(人做主语,,,结构为,结构为spendon/spendindong)Sthcostsbsomemoney.(Sthcostsbsomemoney.(物做主语Sthcostsbsomemoney.(物做主语))))\nIttakessbsometime/moneytodosth(Ittakessbsometime/moneytodosth(形式主语Ittakessbsometime/moneytodosth(形式主语it)it)it)Eg:Eg:我花了五元钱买这本书Eg:我花了五元钱买这本书.(.(.(注意时态用过去时注意时态用过去时))))Ipaidfiveyuanforthebook.Thebookcostmefiveyuan.Thebookcostmefiveyuan.Thebookcostmefiveyuan.Thebookcostmefiveyuan.IspentfiveyuanontheIspentfiveyuanontheIspentfiveyuanonthebook=Ispentfiveyuan(in)buyingbook=Ispentfiveyuan(in)buyingthebook.thebook.thebook.Ittookmefiveyuantobuythebook3.cross.across.crossing.through.over(3.cross.across.crossing.through.over(常区别3.cross.across.crossing.through.over(常区别across.throughacross.through与across.through与与与over)over)over)over)acrossacross指在物体的表面穿过across指在物体的表面穿过throughthroughthrough指在物体的空间穿过through指在物体的空间穿过overover指崇山峻岭上穿过over指崇山峻岭上穿过crosscross是动词cross是动词acrossacrossacross是介词across是介词crossingcrossingcrossing是名词crossing是名词\n4.infrontof(4.infrontof(没有4.infrontof(没有范围)inthefrontof()inthefrontof(有一定的范围限)inthefrontof(有一定的范围限制制制)制)))在前面在前面Eg:Hesatinthefrontofthebus.ThebusThebusThebus形成一定的Thebus形成一定的范围Hesatinfrontofme.(Hesatinfrontofme.(无范围Hesatinfrontofme.(无范围))))5.leave5.leave与5.leave与与与forgetforget((((忘记忘记)))leave+leave+leave+物leave+物物物++++地点地点forget+forget+forget+物不能forget+物不能加地点6.beautifulhandsome(6.beautifulhandsome(漂亮的6.beautifulhandsome(漂亮的)beautiful)beautiful指女性)beautiful指女性handsomehandsome指男性7.inhospitalinthehostipal(inthehostipal(在医院inthehostipal(在医院)))这类词有很多)这类词有很多,,,加,加加加thethe不加the不加thethe不一样the不一样InhospitalInhospital指生病住院Inhospital指生病住院inthehospitalinthehospitalinthehospital指在医院工作或inthehospital指在医院工作或去探视\n8.attable(8.attable(在吃饭8.attable(在吃饭=havingmeals)atthetableatthetable在座子旁atthetable在座子旁边仅指位置9.bring.take.carry.fetch9.bring.take.carry.fetch都有9.bring.take.carry.fetch都有“携带”的意思bringbring指带来bring指带来taketaketake指带走take指带走fetchfetchfetch指去取回来fetch指去取回来carrycarrycarry指搬运重carry指搬运重物物物物英语学习官方网http://cang.baidu.com/bttmmielyjyktz10.some10.some肯定句10.some肯定句alreadyalreadyalready肯定句already肯定句andandand肯定句and肯定句tootootoo肯定too肯定///疑/疑疑疑问句anyanyany否定any否定///疑问句/疑问句yetyetyet否定yet否定///疑问句/疑问句orororor否定否定///疑问句/疑问句eithereither否定句11.goodwellwellwell都有well都有“好好好”之意goodgood是形容词good是形容词wellwellwell是副词well是副词12.manymuchmuch都是much都是“大量的”many+many+可数名词复数many+可数名词复数much+much+不可数much+不可数\n名词13.toomanytoomuchtoomuchmuchtoomuchtoomuchtoo大量的muchtoo大量的没有没有manytoo词组toomany+toomany+toomany+可数名词复数toomany+可数名词复数toomuch+toomuch+toomuch+不可数名词toomuch+不可数名词muchtoo+muchtoo+muchtoo+形muchtoo+形形形容词、、、副词、副词14.eachevery14.eachevery都有14.eachevery都有“每一个的”意思eacheacheach可以和each可以和ofofof连用of连用everyeveryevery指三者以上的每一个every指三者以上的每一个,,,不能和,不能和ofofof连用bothbothboth指两者都both指两者都allallall大于等于三者all大于等于三者eitheeitheeithe指两者中的任意一eithe指两者中的任意一个个个个neitherneither指两者中的一个也没有neither指两者中的一个也没有nonenonenone指三者中的一个也没有none指三者中的一个也没有15.other—another—others–theother与与与与elseelseelseelse\nother+other+名词复数other+名词复数another+another+another+名词单数another+名词单数others=other+others=other+others=other+名词复数others=other+名词复数泛指theothertheother特指theother特指常用于常用于one..theotherone..theother的句型one..theother的句型中中中else=other+else=other+else=other+物else=other+物物物16.find找的结果seeseesee看的结果see看的结果hearhearhear听的结果hear听的结果LookforLookforLookfor找的动作Lookfor找的动作lookatlookatlookat看的动作lookat看的动作listentolistento听的动作listento听的动作17.and17.and-17.and---withwithwith和with和和和的意思的意思andandand能做并列主语and能做并列主语withwithwith不能做并列with不能做并列主语18.hope—wishwish希望wish希望hopehopehope不能加人在加hope不能加人在加todo,todo,而todo,而而而wishwishwish可以wish可以....hopehopetodo=wishtodohopetodo=wishtodohope+thathope+thathope+that从句hope+that从句=wish+that=wish+that=wish+that从句=wish+that从句19.because19.because-19.because---becauseofbecauseofbecauseof因为becauseof因为because+because+because+句子because+句子becauseof+becauseof+becauseof+短语becauseof+短语\n20arrive—getto–reach到达到达arrivearrivearrive不及物arrive不及物,,,到达某地要加介词,到达某地要加介词in/atin+in+in+大地方in+大地方at+at+at+小at+小小小地方21say21say-21say---speakspeakspeak-speak---telltelltell-tell---talktalktalk说talk说说说,,,,讲讲讲讲SaySay指说的内容Say指说的内容speak+speak+speak+语言speak+语言talktalktalk指谈话talk指谈话telltelltell讲故事或真理tell讲故事或真理22Stoptodo–stopdoistopdoingstopdoingng停止做某事ng停止做某事((((类似的词也很多类似的词也很多))))StoptodoStoptodo指停止一件事情去做另一件事情Stoptodo指停止一件事情去做另一件事情stopdoingstopdoingstopdoing指停stopdoing指停止正在做的事情23.puton—wear—ininin—dressdressdressPutonPuton指穿的动作Puton指穿的动作wearwearwear指穿的状态wear指穿的状态inininin是介词是介词in+in+颜色in+颜色dress+dress+人dress+人人人\n24.ago24.ago-24.ago---beforebeforebefore从前before从前agoagoago是过去时的标志ago是过去时的标志beforebeforebefore是完成时的before是完成时的标志25.few—little—afew—alittlealittlealittleFewFew表示否定Few表示否定+++可数名词复数+可数名词复数afewafewafew表示肯定afew表示肯定+++可数名词复数+可数名词复数LittleLittle表示否定Little表示否定+++不可数名词复数+不可数名词复数alittlealittlealittle表示肯定alittle表示肯定+++不可数+不可数名词复数26.whole—all整个的整个的wholewholewhole用在whole用在thethe之后the之后allallall用在all用在thethe之the之之之前前前前27ill—sick有病的有病的都可以做表语都可以做表语,,,但,但但但illillill不能做定语ill不能做定语sicksick可以28.win28.win-28.win---beatbeatbeat赢beat赢赢赢,,,,获胜获胜win+win+win+比赛项目win+比赛项目beat+beat+beat+人beat+人人人29.too…to–sothat—notenoughnotenough太notenough太太太…以至于…....\n30.borrow30.borrow-30.borrow---lendlend借借借借borrowborrow指借入borrow指借入,,,常用于,常用于borrowsthfromsblendborrowsthfromsblend指借出borrowsthfromsblend指借出lendlendstststhtosbsthtosbhtosbhtosb31.alone—loelyloely单独的loely单独的alonealone单独并不孤独alone单独并不孤独lonelylonelylonely单独还有情感上的孤独lonely单独还有情感上的孤独32.such32.such-32.such---sososo如此so如此Such+Such+Such+名词Such+名词so+so+so+形容词so+形容词///副词/副词①①①so+so+形so+形形形+a/an++a/an++a/an+名+a/an+名名名=such+a/an+=such+a/an+=such+a/an+形=such+a/an+形形形++++名名名名②②②so+many/much/few/little+so+many/much/few/little+形so+many/much/few/little+形形形++++名名名名③③③such+such+形such+形形形++++不可数名词不可数名词///可数名词复数/可数名词复数33.except33.except-33.except---besidebesidebeside除了beside除了,,,除,除除除…之外\nexceptexcept指在整体中除去一部分except指在整体中除去一部分besidebesidebeside指除beside指除…之外还有……34.true34.true-34.true---realrealreal真实的real真实的truetruetrue指正确与错误true指正确与错误realrealreal指真假real指真假35.forgettodo35.forgettodo与35.forgettodo与与与forgetdoingforgetdoingremembertodoremembertodoremembertodo与remembertodo与与与rememberrememberdoingdoingdoingForgettodoForgettodoForgettodo事情没有做就忘了Forgettodo事情没有做就忘了forgetdoingforgetdoingforgetdoing指做完了忘了forgetdoing指做完了忘了36.usedtodo36.usedtodo--36.usedtodo------beusedtodobeusedtodo—beusedtodoing—beusedforforforusedto+usedto+动原usedto+动原指过去常常做某事指过去常常做某事beusedtodoingbeusedtodoingbeusedtodoing习惯于做beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedto+beusedto+动原是被动形式beusedto+动原是被动形式=beusedfor=beusedfordoingsth=beusedfordoingsthdoingsth被用于做doingsth被用于做某事37.lookup37.lookup--37.lookup------lookatlookat—lookout—lookafter—lookas—looklooklook\n38.putup—putaway—puton—putoffputoffputoff39.bemadeof—bemadefrombemadefrom-bemadefrom---bemadeinbemadein—bemadeby—bemadeintobemadeinto-bemadeinto---bemadeupofbemadeupofbemadeupofbemadeupofbemadeofbemadeof有bemadeof有有有…...构成.构成能看出原材料来能看出原材料来(((衣服类的全部用(衣服类的全部用bemadeof)of)of)bemadefrombemadefrom有bemadefrom有有有…...构成.构成看不出原材料看不出原材料bemadebemadebemadeintointointo被制成into被制成…........bemadein+bemadein+地点bemadein+地点bemadeby+bemadeby+人bemadeby+人人人bemadeupofbemadeupofbemadeupof有bemadeupof有有有…...组成.组成40.intheway40.intheway--40.intheway------onthewayonthewayontheway--ontheway------bythewaybythewaybythewaybythewayinthewayinthewayintheway挡道intheway挡道,,,妨碍,妨碍onthewayontheway在ontheway在在在…的路上bythewaybythewaybytheway顺bytheway顺顺顺便问一下\n41.hundred41.hundred-41.hundred---thousandthousand—million—billionbillionbillion有具体数字时不加有具体数字时不加sss不加s不加ofofof无具体数字时加sss加s加加加ofofofofEg:Eg:八百个学生Eg:八百个学生eighthundredstudentseighthundredstudents好几百学生eighthundredstudents好几百学生hunhunhundredshundredsofstudentsofstudentsofstudents42.fiveyearsold42.fiveyearsold---42.fiveyearsold------five---fivefive-five---yearyearyear-year---oldold五岁五岁43.begoodfor—begoodatbegoodatbegoodatbegoodforbegoodfor对begoodfor对对对……有益begoodatbegoodatbegoodat擅长begoodat擅长…=dowellin=dowellin=dowellin44.sometime—sometimes—sometime—sometimessometimessometimessometomesometome指一段时间sometome指一段时间sometimessometimessometimes指许多次sometimes指许多次oncetwiceoncetwiceoncetwice的累oncetwice的累加加加加\nsometimesometime指将来某时sometime指将来某时sometimessometimessometimes指有时sometimes指有时=atti=attimes=attimesmesmes45.farther—furtherolderolder—elderelderelderfartherfartherfarther指距离上的远近farther指距离上的远近furtherfurtherfurther指程度上的further指程度上的olderolderolder纯指年龄上大小older纯指年龄上大小elderelderelder含指长幼辈份关系elder含指长幼辈份关系46.sound,voice,noise.46.sound,voice,noise.46.sound,voice,noise.soundsound指自然界各种各样的声音sound指自然界各种各样的声音voicevoicevoice指人的嗓音voice指人的嗓音noisenoisenoise指噪noise指噪音音音音47.anumberof47.anumberof,47.anumberof,,,thenumberofthenumberofthenumberofthenumberofanumberofanumberofanumberof许多anumberof许多谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数thenumberof…......的总数..的总数,,,谓语动词用单数,谓语动词用单数\n48.nonenoonenoonenothingnothingnothingnothingnone(none(none(强调有多少none(强调有多少)))与)与与与allallall是反义词用all是反义词用howmanyhowmany提问howmany提问nothingnothing与nothing与与与noonenoonenoone强调没有noone强调没有nothingnothingnothing指物nothing指物whatwhat提问what提问noonenoone指人用whowho提问who提问49.fastquickquickquickquickfastfastfast指速度快fast指速度快,,,形副同形,形副同形quickquickquick指时间上快quick指时间上快副词是副词是quicklyquicklyquickly50.joinjoininjoinintakeparttakepartininininjoinsbjoinin+joinin+joinin+党派joinin+党派,,,团体,团体takepartin+takepartin+takepartin+大型的活动takepartin+大型的活动,,,运动,运动51.livingalivealivelllliveivelivelylivelylivelylively52putonputoffputoffputawayputawayputdownputdownputdownputdown\n53.lookatlookafterlookafterlookuplookuplookaslookaslookaslookas★★★哈佛大学★哈佛大学★★★英语系研究★英语系研究,,,美国布什推荐,美国布什推荐。。。专为中小学生英语量。专为中小学生英语量身定做。。。。官方网站:::http://hafo.yeryy.com/:http://hafo.yeryy.com/http://hafo.yeryy.com/http://hafo.yeryy.com/哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供学英语简单吗???肯定会有许多学生说?肯定会有许多学生说:::“难死了”。。。为什么有好多。为什么有好多学生对英语的学习都感到头疼呢???答案只有一个?答案只有一个:::“不得法。。。”英英英英语与汉语一样都是一种语言,,,为什么你说汉语会如此流利,为什么你说汉语会如此流利???那?那那那是是是是因为你置身于一个汉语环境中,,,如果你在伦敦呆上半年,如果你在伦敦呆上半年,,,保准说,保准说起英语来会非常流利。。。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境。但很多中学生没有很好的英语环境,,,那么,那么你可以自己设置一个英语环境,,,坚持,坚持“多说”、、、“多听”、、、“多读”、、、“多写”,,,那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色,那么你的英语成绩肯定会很出色。。。。一一一、一、、、多多多多“说说说”。。。。\n自己多创造机会与英语教师多讲英语,,,见了同学,见了同学,,,尤其是和好朋,尤其是和好朋友在一起时尽量用英语去问候,,,谈心情,谈心情……这时候你需随身携带一个英汉互译小词典,,,遇到生词时查一下这些生词,遇到生词时查一下这些生词,,,也不用刻意,也不用刻意去记,,,用的多了,用的多了,,,这个单词自然而然就会记住,这个单词自然而然就会记住。。。千万别把学英语。千万别把学英语当成负担,,,始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做,始终把它当成一件有趣的事情去做。。。。或许你有机会碰上外国人,,,你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼,你应大胆地上去跟他打招呼,,,和他谈,和他谈天气、、、谈风景、谈风景、、、谈学校、谈学校……只是别问及他的年纪,,,婚史等私人问,婚史等私人问题题题。题。。。尽量用一些你学过的词汇尽量用一些你学过的词汇,,,句子去和他谈天说地,句子去和他谈天说地。。。不久你会。不久你会发现与老外聊天要比你与中国人谈英语容易的多。。。因为他和你交。因为他和你交谈时会用许多简单词汇,,,而且不太看重说法,而且不太看重说法,,,你只要发音准确,你只要发音准确,,,准能顺利地交流下去。。。只是你必须要有信心。只是你必须要有信心,,,敢于表达自己的思,敢于表达自己的思想想想。想。。。如果没有合适的伙伴也没关系,,,你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东,你可以拿过一本书或其它什么东西做假想对象,,,对它谈你一天的所见所闻,对它谈你一天的所见所闻,,,谈你的快乐,谈你的快乐,,,你的悲,你的悲伤等等,,,长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高,长此坚持下去你的口语肯定会有较大的提高。。。。二二二、二、、、多多多多“听听听”\n寻找一切可以听英语的机会。。。别人用英语交谈时。别人用英语交谈时,,,你应该大胆地,你应该大胆地去参与,,,多听听各种各样人的发音,多听听各种各样人的发音,,,男女老少,男女老少,,,节奏快的慢的你,节奏快的慢的你都应该接触到,,,如果这样的机会少的话,如果这样的机会少的话,,,你可以选择你不知内容,你可以选择你不知内容的文章去听,,,这将会对你帮助很大,这将会对你帮助很大,,,而你去听学过的课文的磁带,而你去听学过的课文的磁带,,,那将会对你的语言语调的学习有很大的帮助。。。。三三三、三、、、多多多多“读读读”。。。。“读读读”可以分为两种。。。一种是。一种是“默读”。。。每天给予一定时间的练习将。每天给予一定时间的练习将会对你提高阅读速度有很大的好处,,,读的内容可以是你的课本,读的内容可以是你的课本,,,但最好是一些有趣的小读物,,,因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅,因为现在的英语高考越来越重视阅读量和阅读速度。。。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度。每道题的得分都与你的理解程度有很大关系,,,所以经过高中三年阅读的训练后,,,你必定会在高考中胜券在握,你必定会在高考中胜券在握。。。。另一种是“朗读”这是学语言必不可少的一种学习途径。。。。四四四、四、、、多多多多“写写写”有的同学总是抱怨时间紧,,,根本没时间写作文,根本没时间写作文。。。其实。其实“写写写”的形式很多,,,不一定就写作文才提高写作能力,不一定就写作文才提高写作能力。。。比如写下你一天中发生。比如写下你一天中发生的一些重要的事情,,,或当天学了某一个词组,或当天学了某一个词组,,,你可以创设一个语,你可以创设一个语\n境恰如其份地用上这个词。。。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法。这样即可帮你记住这个词的用法,,,又,又又又可以锻炼你的写作能力,,,比如学,比如学“wish”一词时,,,可写一小段如下,可写一小段如下::::TheteacheroftenasksuswhatwewantTheteacheroftenasksuswhatwewanttobeintheTheteacheroftenasksuswhatwewanttobeinthefuture.MygoodfriendTomwishestobeasoldier.However,I'mdifferent.IwishIwereateacherinthefuture.Butmymotherwishesmetobeadoctor.只几句话:::但:但但但wishwishwish的几种用法已跃然纸上wish的几种用法已跃然纸上,,,这样写下来印象会,这样写下来印象会深刻得多,,,这样比死记硬背,这样比死记硬背wishwish的用法也有趣轻松的多wish的用法也有趣轻松的多。。。。学习英语不用花大块的时间,,,10,101010分钟的散步可以练分钟的散步可以练"""说"说说说",",",",吃完饭吃完饭后可以读一会儿英语小说,,,睡前听几分钟英语,睡前听几分钟英语,,,可以使你得到更,可以使你得到更好地休息……只要你每天抽出一些时间来练英语,,,你的英语成绩,你的英语成绩肯定会很快提高的。。。。背英语单词技巧111、1、、、循环记忆法循环记忆法\n艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线人的大脑是一个记忆的宝库,,,人脑经历过的事物,人脑经历过的事物,,,思考过的问题,思考过的问题,,,体验过的情感和情绪,,,练习过的动作,练习过的动作,,,都可以成为人们记忆的内,都可以成为人们记忆的内容容容。容。。。例如英文的学习中单词例如英文的学习中单词、、、短语和句子、短语和句子,,,甚至文章的内容都是,甚至文章的内容都是通过记忆完成的。。。从。从从从""""记记记记""""到到到到""""忆忆忆忆""""是有个过程的是有个过程的,,,这其中包括了识,这其中包括了识记记记、记、、、保持保持、、、再认和回忆、再认和回忆。。。有很多。有很多人在学习英语的过程中人在学习英语的过程中,,,只注,只注重了学习当时的记忆效果,,,孰不知,孰不知,,,要想做好学习,要想做好学习的记忆工作,,,是要下一番工夫的,,,单纯的注重当时的记忆效果,单纯的注重当时的记忆效果,,,而忽视了后期,而忽视了后期的保持和再认同样是达不到良好的效果的。。。。在信息的处理上,,,记忆是对输入信息的编码,记忆是对输入信息的编码、、、贮存和提取的过程、贮存和提取的过程,,,从信息处理的角度上,,,英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编,英文的第一次学习和背诵只是一个输入编码的过程。。。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊人的。人的记忆的能力从生理上讲是十分惊人的,,,它可以存,它可以存贮贮贮1015贮10151015比特1015比特(byte(byte,(byte,,,字节字节)))的信息)的信息,,,可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖,可是每个人的记忆宝库被挖掘的只占10%10%,10%,,,还有更多的记忆发挥空间还有更多的记忆发挥空间。。。这是因为。这是因为,,,有些人只,有些人只关注了记忆的当时效果,,,却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题,却忽视了记忆中的更大的问题------即记忆--即记忆的牢固度问题,,,那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的,那就牵涉到心理学中常说的关于记忆遗忘的规规规律律律。律。。。一一一、一、、、艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释艾宾浩斯记忆规律曲线解释\n德国有一位著名的心理学家名叫艾宾浩斯(HermannEbbinghausEbbinghaus,Ebbinghaus,,,185018501850-1850---1909)1909)1909),1909),,,他在他在18851885年发表了他的实验报告后1885年发表了他的实验报告后,,,记忆研究就成了心理学中被研究最多的领域之一,,,而艾宾浩斯正,而艾宾浩斯正是发现记忆遗忘规律的第一人。。。。根据我们所知道的,,,记忆的保持在时间上是不同的,记忆的保持在时间上是不同的,,,有短时的记,有短时的记忆和长时的记忆两种。。。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的。而我们平时的记忆的过程是这样的::::输入的信息在经过人的注意过程的学习后,,,便成为了人的短时的,便成为了人的短时的记忆,,,但是如果不经过及时的复习,但是如果不经过及时的复习,,,这些记住过的东西就会遗忘,这些记住过的东西就会遗忘,,,而经过了及时的复习,,,这,这这这些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时些短时的记忆就会成为了人的一种长时的记忆,,,从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间,从而在大脑中保持着很长的时间。。。那么。那么,,,对于我们来讲,对于我们来讲,,,怎样才叫做遗忘呢,,,所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不,所谓遗忘就是我们对于曾经记忆过的东西不能再认起来,,,也不能回忆起来,也不能回忆起来,,,或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆,或者是错误的再认和错误的回忆,,,这些都是遗忘。。。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试。艾宾浩斯在做这个实验的时候是拿自己作为测试对象的,,,他得出了一些关于记忆的结论,他得出了一些关于记忆的结论。。。他选用了一些根本没有。他选用了一些根本没有意义的音节,,,也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合,也就是那些不能拼出单词来的众多字母的组合,,,比,比比比如如如asww如aswwasww,asww,,,cfhhjcfhhjcfhhj,cfhhj,,,ijikmbijikmbijikmb,ijikmb,,,rfyjbcrfyjbcrfyjbc等等rfyjbc等等。。。他经过对自己的测试。他经过对自己的测试,,,得到了一些数据。。。。\n然后,,,艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲,艾宾浩斯又根据了这些点描绘出了一条曲线线线,线,,,这就是非常这就是非常有名的揭示遗忘规律的曲线:::艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线:艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,,,图中竖轴表示,图中竖轴表示学习中记住的知识数量,,,横轴表示时间,横轴表示时间(((天数(天数))),),,,曲线表示记忆量曲线表示记忆量变化的规律。。。。这条曲线告诉人们在学习中的遗忘是有规律的,,,遗忘的进程不是,遗忘的进程不是均衡的,,,不是固定的一天丢掉几个,不是固定的一天丢掉几个,,,转天又丢几个的,转天又丢几个的,,,而是在记,而是在记忆的最初阶段遗忘的速度很快,,,后来就逐渐减慢了,后来就逐渐减慢了,,,到了相当长,到了相当长的时候后,,,几乎就不再遗忘了,几乎就不再遗忘了,,,这就是遗忘的发展规律,这就是遗忘的发展规律,,,即,即即即""""先先先先快后慢"""的原则"的原则。。。观察这条遗忘曲线。观察这条遗忘曲线,,,你会发现,你会发现,,,学得的知识在一,学得的知识在一天后,,,如不抓紧复习,如不抓紧复习,,,就只剩下原来的,就只剩下原来的25%)25%)。25%)。。。随着时间的推移随着时间的推移,,,遗忘的速度减慢,,,遗忘的数量,遗忘的数量也就减少。。。有人做过一个实验。有人做过一个实验,,,两,两两两组学生学习一段课文,,,甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习,甲组在学习后不久进行一次复习,,,乙组不,乙组不予复习,,,一天后甲组保持,一天后甲组保持98%98%,98%,,,乙组保持乙组保持56%56%;56%;;;一周后甲组保持一周后甲组保持83%83%,83%,,,乙组保持乙组保持33%33%。33%。。。乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高乙组的遗忘平均值比甲组高。。。。二二二、二、、、不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线不同性质材料有不同的遗忘曲线而且,,,艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现,艾宾浩斯还在关于记忆的实验中发现,,,记住,记住121212个无意义12个无意义音节,,,平均需要重复,平均需要重复16.516.5次16.5次次次;;;;为了记住为了记住363636个无意义章节36个无意义章节,,,需重,需重复复复54复545454次次次次;;;;而记忆六首诗中的而记忆六首诗中的480480个音节480个音节,,,平均只需要重复,平均只需要重复888次8次次次!!!!\n这个实验告诉我们,,,凡是理解了的知识,凡是理解了的知识,,,就能记得迅速,就能记得迅速、、、全面而、全面而牢固。。。不然。不然,,,愣是死记硬背,愣是死记硬背,,,那也是费力不讨好的,那也是费力不讨好的。。。因此。因此,,,比较,比较容易记忆的是那些有意义的材料,,,而那些无意义的材料在记忆的,而那些无意义的材料在记忆的时候比较费力气,,,在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松,在以后回忆起来的时候也很不轻松。。。因此。因此,,,艾,艾艾艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线是关于遗忘的一种曲线,,,而且是对无意义的音节,而且是对无意义的音节而言,,,对于与其他材料的对比,对于与其他材料的对比,,,艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料,艾宾浩斯又得出了不同性质材料的不同遗忘曲线,,,不过他们大体上都是一致的,不过他们大体上都是一致的。。。。因此,,,艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理,艾宾浩斯的实验向我们充分证实了一个道理,,,学习要勤于,学习要勤于复习,,,而且记忆的理解效果越好,而且记忆的理解效果越好,,,遗忘的也越慢,遗忘的也越慢。。。。三三三、三、、、不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线不同的人有不同的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线------个性化的艾宾浩斯--个性化的艾宾浩斯上述的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线是艾宾浩斯在实验室中经过了大量测试后,,,产生了,产生了不同的记忆数据,,,从而生成的一种曲线,从而生成的一种曲线,,,是一个具,是一个具有共性的群体规律。。。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特。此记忆曲线并不考虑接受试验个人的个性特点点点,点,,,而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律而是寻求一种处于平衡点的记忆规律。。。。但是记忆规律可以具体到我们每个人,,,因为我们的生理特点,因为我们的生理特点、、、生、生生生活经历不同,,,可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯,可能导致我们有不同的记忆习惯、、、记忆方式、记忆方式、、、记忆、记忆\n特点。。。规律对于自然人改造世界的行为。规律对于自然人改造世界的行为,,,只能起一个催化的作用,只能起一个催化的作用,,,如果与每个人的记忆特点相吻合,,,那么就如顺水扬帆,那么就如顺水扬帆,,,一日千里,一日千里;;;如果与个人记忆特点相悖,,,记忆效果则会大打折扣,记忆效果则会大打折扣。。。因此。因此,,,我们,我们要根据每个人的不同特点,,,寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线,寻找到属于自己的艾宾浩斯记忆曲线222》2》》》如何学英语如何学英语下定决心,,,坚持不懈,坚持不懈英语学习作为一门语言技能,,,通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可,通过大量的训练和练习任何人是可以掌握的。。。一般地说。一般地说,,,英语学习的原则是听,英语学习的原则是听、、、说领先、说领先,,,读,读读读、、、、写跟写跟上上上。上。。。李扬的疯狂英语提倡李扬的疯狂英语提倡,,,首先建立起我能学好英语的信心,首先建立起我能学好英语的信心,,,然,然然然后以句子为单位,,,大量地模仿,大量地模仿,,,疯狂地操练,疯狂地操练,,,大声地朗读,大声地朗读,,,最后,最后达到自如地说英语,,,他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效,他的方法对提高说英语的能力很奏效。。。钟道。钟道隆教授454545岁开始学英语45岁开始学英语,,,一年后,一年后,,,学成出国当口语翻译,学成出国当口语翻译,,,并创,并创造了逆苦恼、、、逆急于求成、逆急于求成、、、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法、逆速成的逆向学习英语的方法。。。他还。他还提出学习英语要遵循听、、、写、写写写、、、、说说说说、、、、背背背背、、、、想的方法想的方法,,,他的方法强调,他的方法强调以听为主,,,并且把所听到的内容全部写下来,并且把所听到的内容全部写下来。。。尤其是他的。尤其是他的学习精神最可佳,,,他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机,他学习英语用坏了十几台录音机,,,你可想象他听了多,你可想象他听了多少英语;;;用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐;用完的圆珠笔芯几乎装满了一个一拉罐,,,你可想象他写,你可想象他写了多少,,,在一年半内,在一年半内,,,累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时,累计业余学习英语时间大约三千小时,,,也,也也也\n就说每天抽出几个小时来学英语。。。如果我们做到他那样。如果我们做到他那样,,,一定也,一定也能学好英语。。。最重要的是坚持。最重要的是坚持,,,只要能下定决心,只要能下定决心,,,坚持每天至少,坚持每天至少一个小时的学习英语,,,战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的,战胜自我最后肯定会有收获的。。。。★★★哈佛大学★哈佛大学★★★英语系研究★英语系研究,,,美国布什推荐,美国布什推荐。。。专为中小学生英语量。专为中小学生英语量身定做。。。。官方网站:::http://hafo.yeryy.com/:http://hafo.yeryy.com/http://hafo.yeryy.com/http://hafo.yeryy.com/哈佛大学英语教授研究组提供注意方法,,,循序渐进,循序渐进决心下定,,,还注意学习方法,还注意学习方法,,,有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习,有时根据自己的情况和不同的学习目的,,,选择不同的学习方法,选择不同的学习方法,,,但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地,但是学习英语一定要踏踏实实地、、、一步一个脚印地走。。。要把基础知识掌握好。要把基础知识掌握好,,,也就是说,也就是说,,,发音要正,发音要正确确确、确、、、基本词汇要掌握牢基本词汇要掌握牢、、、基本句式要熟练、基本句式要熟练、、、基本语法要会用、基本语法要会用。。。。\n(((1(111))))要过好语音关要过好语音关。。。把每一个音标发正确。把每一个音标发正确,,,注意改正有问题的,注意改正有问题的音素,,,特别是那些容易混淆的音素,特别是那些容易混淆的音素,,,尽早地掌握国际音标,尽早地掌握国际音标,,,并尽,并尽量的掌握一些读音规则,,,尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词,尽快地能利用读音规则来拼单词,,,掌握,掌握读音规则对单词的记忆和拼写非常有用。。。。(((2(222))))掌握一定数量的英语单词掌握一定数量的英语单词。。。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇。对于学习者来说掌握英语词汇是一难关,,,学习单词要从,学习单词要从单词的形、、、音、音音音、、、、义这三方面去掌握义这三方面去掌握,,,要,要要要注意单词的一词多义,,,一词多类的用法,一词多类的用法,,,要学会一些构词法的知,要学会一些构词法的知识识识,识,,,来扩展词汇量来扩展词汇量。。。学习单词要在语言材料中去学。学习单词要在语言材料中去学,,,要结合词组,要结合词组,,,通过句子,,,阅读文章来活记单词,阅读文章来活记单词,,,死记的单词是记不牢的,死记的单词是记不牢的。。。坚持。坚持在读、、、说前、说前,,,先反复听,先反复听,,,听的时候反应单词,听的时候反应单词、、、句子的意思和节奏、句子的意思和节奏,,,想一下单词的拼法、、、句子结构、句子结构。。。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起。并要同学习语法规则有机结合起来进行。。。。(((3(333))))掌握好基本语法掌握好基本语法。。。语法在学习英语中也很重要。语法在学习英语中也很重要,,,它能帮助,它能帮助我们把握住英语的基本规律,,,通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规,通过例句或语言现象把死的语法规则要记住,,,活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握,活的规则要通过做大量的练习掌握。。。总之学习英语要。总之学习英语要通过听、、、说、说说说、、、、读读读读、、、、写写写写、、、、译来进行操练译来进行操练,,,不但要注意数量,不但要注意数量,,,更重要,更重要的是要注意质量,,,尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确,尤其是基本知识要掌握的准确,,,熟练,熟练。。。只有经。只有经过大量的实践,,,才能做到熟能生巧,才能做到熟能生巧,,,运用自如,运用自如。。。。\n提前预习,,,有的放矢,有的放矢作为学生,,,在每次上课前,在每次上课前,,,都要对要学的课文提前预习,都要对要学的课文提前预习。。。首先在。首先在音标的帮助下试着拼读单词,,,也可以借助配套磁带反复听,也可以借助配套磁带反复听,,,对比,对比一下,,,把握不准的要标出来,把握不准的要标出来,,,注意上课老师的发音,注意上课老师的发音,,,还要记一下,还要记一下单词的汉语意思和词性。。。借助课文的注释或辅导材料。借助课文的注释或辅导材料,,,预习一遍,预习一遍课文,,,找出不明白的地方,找出不明白的地方,,,做到心中有数,做到心中有数,,,在教师讲课时注意听,在教师讲课时注意听这些地方。。。总之。总之,,,预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容,预习的目的是熟悉要学的内容,,,找出不明白的,找出不明白的地方,,,带着,带着问题听课,,,做到有的放矢,做到有的放矢。。。。认真听课,,,积极配合,积极配合课堂是老师与学生一起学习、、、掌握、掌握、、、运用知识的主要场所、运用知识的主要场所。。。作为。作为起主导作用的老师一方引导学生搞好课堂教学是很必要的,,,但也,但也需要学习者的积极配合。。。上课要专心听讲。上课要专心听讲、、、作好笔记、作好笔记、、、认真操练、认真操练、、、积极思考。。。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的。预习时出现的问题在课堂上教师没有讲到的,,,要向老,要向老师提出,,,把问题搞清楚,把问题搞清楚,,,老师讲授的问题,老师讲授的问题,,,先注意听,先注意听,,,下课后整,下课后整理一下笔记,,,反复思考一下这些问题,反复思考一下这些问题,,,抓住老师所讲的重点,抓住老师所讲的重点,,,难,难难难点和考点。。。总之。总之,,,上课时要做到耳听,上课时要做到耳听、、、眼观、眼观、、、嘴动、嘴动、、、脑想、脑想,,,调动,调动起多个感官来。。。。\n完成作业,,,找出问题,找出问题学完每一课,,,要认真完成课后作,要认真完成课后作业业业。业。。。做作业时一定不要看参考书做作业时一定不要看参考书上题的答案,,,做完后再对答案,做完后再对答案,,,对于作业中所出现的不明白的问,对于作业中所出现的不明白的问题题题,题,,,应该记下来应该记下来,,,等下次上课时提出来,等下次上课时提出来。。。做作业是英语学习的很。做作业是英语学习的很重要的环节,,,它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程,它是消化知识和巩固知识的过程,,,一定要认真完成,一定要认真完成规定的作业,,,笔头作业要动一动笔,笔头作业要动一动笔,,,口头作业要动一动嘴,口头作业要动一动嘴,,,提高,提高听力要练一练耳,,,课文在听和读的基础上,课文在听和读的基础上,,,最好背诵某些精彩段,最好背诵某些精彩段落落落。落。。。总之总之,,,要做大量的练习,要做大量的练习,,,英语是练出来的,英语是练出来的,,,,一定不要偷懒一定不要偷懒。。。。及时复习,,,巩固知识,巩固知识学会了的东西随着时间的流逝会逐渐遗忘,,,但学语言有遗忘现象,但学语言有遗忘现象是正常的。。。更不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与。更不必因为有遗忘现象而影响自己学好英语的信心与决心。。。问。问问问题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度题在于怎样来减轻遗忘的程度。。。善于类比。善于类比,,,总结知识,总结知识,,,把新学的知识同过去学的有关的知识进行横向和纵向比较和联系系系。系。。。建立错误档案记录建立错误档案记录,,,加深印象,加深印象,,,以避免再反同样错误,以避免再反同样错误。。。我们。我们大部分知识和技能是靠重复获得的,,,及时复习对于记忆非常必,及时复习对于记忆非常必要要要,要,,,学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练学英语就是要坚持天天不断的练,,,不断地重复基本句型,不断地重复基本句型,,,常,常常常用词汇和基本语法等。。。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过。学习英语的过程也是同遗忘做斗争的过程程程。程。。。\n总而言之,,,只要你能做到下定决心学,只要你能做到下定决心学,,,注意学习方法,注意学习方法,,,把课前预,把课前预习习习,习,,,认真听课认真听课,,,完成作业,完成作业,,,及时复习这些环节作好了,及时复习这些环节作好了,,,你一定能,你一定能够学好英语★★★哈佛大学★哈佛大学★★★英语系研究★英语系研究,,,美国布什推荐,美国布什推荐。。。专为中小学生英语量。专为中小学生英语量身身身定做身定做。。。。官方网站:::http://hafo.yeryy.com/:http://hafo.yeryy.com/http://hafo.yeryy.com/http://hafo.yeryy.com/海淀区九年级第一学期期末练习英语试卷答案及评分参考英语试卷答案及评分参考2011.12011.12011.1听力听力理解((((共共共共24242424分分分分))))\n一一一、一、、、听对话选图听对话选图。。。(。(((共共共共4444分分分分,,,,每小题每小题111分1分分分))))1.1.C1.CCC2.A3.B4.C2.A3.B4.C2.A3.B4.C2.A3.B4.C二二二、二、、、听对话听对话或独白选择答案。(共共共12共121212分分分分,,,,每小题每小题111分1分分分))))5.A6.5.A6.C7.A8.B9.5.A6.C7.A8.B9.C10.AC10.AC10.A11.B12.C13.B14.B15.A16.BA16.BA16.B三三三、三、、、听对话记录关键信息听对话记录关键信息。。。(。(((共共共共8888分分分分,,,,每小题每小题222分2分分分))))17.Sally17.Sally17.Sally18.theUSA18.theUSA18.theUSA18.theUSA19.Swimming19.Swimming19.Swimming19.Swimming20.20.schoolsschoolsschools知识运用知识运用((((共共共共27272727分分分分))))\n四四四、四、、、单项填空单项填空(((共(共共共15151515分分分分,,,,每小题每小题111分1分分分))))21.B21.B21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.C28.B27.C28.B27.C28.B29.D30.A31.C32.D33.C34.D35.A35.A35.A五五五、五、、、完形填空完形填空(((共(共共共12121212分分分分,,,,每小题每小题111分1分分分))))36.D37.A38.C39.B40.D41.B36.D37.A38.C39.B40.D41.B36.D37.A38.C39.B40.D41.B42.C43.A44.D45.A46.42.C43.A44.D45.A46.B42.C43.A44.D45.A46.BBB47.C47.C47.C47.C阅读理解阅读理解((((共共共共44444444分分分分))))六六六、六、、、阅读短文阅读短文,,,选择最佳选项,选择最佳选项。(共共共26共262626分分分分,,,,每小题每小题222分2分分分))))\n48.B49.C50.B48.B49.C50.B51.C52.A53.A54.48.B49.C50.B51.C52.A53.A54.CCCC55.A56.D57.D58.A59.55.A56.D57.D58.A59.D60.55.A56.D57.D58.A59.D60.D60.BD60.BBB七七七、七、、、阅读短文阅读短文,,,还原句子,还原句子。(共共共8共888分分分分,,,,每小题每小题222分2分分分))))61.61.A61.AAA62.62.62.62.CCCC63.63.63.D63.DDD64.64.64.64.BBBB八八八、八、、、阅读短文阅读短文,,,回答问题,回答问题。。。(。(((共共共共10101010分分分分,,,,每小题每小题222分2分分分))))65.No.65.No.65.No.66.Long66.Long66.Longheavypoles.heavypoles.heavypoles.heavypoles.67.Ontothesidesoftheflat67.Ontothesidesoftheflat-67.Ontothesidesoftheflat---bottomedfishingboat.bottomedfishingboat.bottomedfishingboat.bottomedfishingboat.68.In1807.68.In1807.68.In1807.\n69.69.Hi69.HiHiHislifeandhisboats/invention.slifeandhisboats/invention.slifeandhisboats/invention.slifeandhisboats/invention.书面表达书面表达((((25252525分分分分))))九九九、九、、、完成句子完成句子(((共(共共共10101010分分分分,,,,每小题每小题222分2分分分))))70.whatabout/howabout70.whatabout/howabout70.whatabout/howabout71.soeasythat71.soeasythat71.soeasythat72.askthestudentsto72.askthestudentsto72.askthestudentsto73.didn’trestuntil/didn’thavearestuntilthavearestuntilthavearestuntil74.notonlymakeusrelaxed,butalsohelpuslearn/knowmoreabouttheworld/knowmoreabouttheworld/knowmoreabouttheworld十十十、十、、、文段表达文段表达(((共(共共共15151515分分分分))))\n75.Onepossibleversion:75.Onepossibleversion:75.Onepossibleversion:Recently,moreandmorepeoplearetakingpartinvolunteerwork.volunteerwork.Fvolunteerwork.FFForexample,Lilyspentthewholedayorexample,LilyspentthewholedayvolunteerinvolunteeringwithhergroupintheneighborhoodlasvolunteeringwithhergroupintheneighborhoodlasttSunday.Sunday.FSunday.FFFirst,theyhelpedtodothecleanirst,theyhelpedtodothecleanirst,theyhelpedtodotheclean-irst,theyhelpedtodotheclean---up.up.up.Tup.TTThen,theyhen,theyvisitedthesickkidsandsangforlonelyseniorstocheerthemup.themup.Wthemup.WWWhathat’smore,theygaveatalktocallupeveryonetoputtheirlovetogoodusebyvoluntoputtheirlovetogoodusebyvolunteering.toputtheirlovetogoodusebyvolunteering.teering.teering.IIIInmyopinion,beingavolunteerisgreat!Notonlycannmyopinion,beingavolunteerisgreat!Notonlycanwetakethechancetodosomethingenjoyableandmeaningful,butalsoweshouldtaketheresponsibilitytofilltheworldwithmorelove.Onlyinthiswaycanwemakeitabetteroneforubetteroneforustolivein.betteroneforustolivein.stolivein.stolivein.书面表达评分标准::::第一档:(15~1315~13分15~13分分分))))\n完全符合题目要求,,,观点正确,观点正确,,,要点齐全,要点齐全。。。句式多样。句式多样,,,词,词词词汇丰富。。。语言准确。语言准确,,,语意连贯,语意连贯,,,表达清楚,表达清楚,,,具有逻辑性,具有逻辑性。。。。第二档:(12~912~9分12~9分分分))))基本符合题目要求,,,观点正确,观点正确,,,要点齐全,要点齐全。。。语法结构和词。语法结构和词汇基本满足文章需要。。。语言基本通顺。语言基本通顺,,,语意基本连贯,语意基本连贯,,,表,表表表达基本清楚。。。虽然有少量语言错误。虽然有少量语言错误,,,但不影响整体理解,但不影响整体理解。。。。第三档:(8~58~5分8~5分分分))))部分内容符合题目要求,,,要点不齐全,要点不齐全。。。语法结构和词汇错。语法结构和词汇错误较多,,,语言不通顺,语言不通顺,,,表达不够清楚,表达不够清楚,,,影响整体理解,影响整体理解。。。。第四档:(4~04~0分4~0分分分))))与题目有关内容不多,,,只是简单拼凑词语,只是简单拼凑词语,,,所写内容难,所写内容难以理解。。。。\n听力录音材料::::一一一、一、、、听对话听对话,,,从下面各题所给的,从下面各题所给的AAA、A、、、BBBB、、、、CCCC三幅图片中选择与对话三幅图片中选择与对话内容相符的图片。。。每段对话读两遍。每段对话读两遍。(共共共4共444分分分分,,,,每小题每小题111分1分分分))))1.1.1.1.M:M:M:IM:III’dliketohelpthepoorkids.W:Youcouldgiveawaysomeofyourbooks.W:Youcouldgiveawaysomeofyourbooks.W:Youcouldgiveawaysomeofyourbooks.W:Youcouldgiveawaysomeofyourbooks.2.2.M:2.M:M:WhenwasthetelephoneinventedM:WhenwasthetelephoneinventedWhenwasthetelephoneinvented?Whenwasthetelephoneinvented???W:W:W:W:Ithinkitwasinventedin1876Ithinkitwasinventedin1876Ithinkitwasinventedin1876.Ithinkitwasinventedin1876...333.3...MMMM::::Lucy,youlookworried.WhathappenedLucy,youlookworried.WhathappenedLucy,youlookworried.Whathappened?Lucy,youlookworried.Whathappened???WWW:Well,W:Well,:Well,whenIgottoschoolthismorning,Irealized:Well,whenIgottoschoolthismorning,IrealizedIhadleftmypencilboxathomeIhadleftmypencilboxathome.Ihadleftmypencilboxathome...\n4.4.M:4.M:M:HiM:HiHiHi,Maria.Wherewouldyouliketovisit?W:W:W:W:IIII’dliketovisitChina.dliketovisitChina.dliketovisitChina.二二二、二、、、听对话或独白听对话或独白,,,根据对话或独白的内容,根据对话或独白的内容,,,从下面各题所给的,从下面各题所给的AAA、A、、、BBBB、、、、CCCC三个选项中选择最佳选项三个选项中选择最佳选项。。。每段对话或独白读两遍。每段对话或独白读两遍。。。(((共(共共共12121212分分分分,,,,每小题每小题111分1分分分))))请听一段对话,,,完成第,完成第555至第5至第666小题6小题。。。M:WM:Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?M:Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?hatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?hatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?W:WW:WhynotlistentosomemusicW:Whynotlistentosomemusichynotlistentosomemusic?hynotlistentosomemusic???M:M:WhatkindofmusicdoyoulikeM:WhatkindofmusicdoyoulikeWhatkindofmusicdoyoulike?Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike???W:Um...IW:Um...IlikeW:Um...Ilikelikepopmusiclikepopmusicpopmusic.Wpopmusic.W.Whataboutyou?.Whataboutyou?hataboutyou?hataboutyou?\nM:M:Well,IprefermusicthatIcansingalongwith.M:Well,IprefermusicthatIcansingalongwith.DoDoyoulikeLadyGagayoulikeLadyGaga?youlikeLadyGaga???W:W:Yes.Someofhermusicisgreat.W:Yes.Someofhermusicisgreat.Yes.Someofhermusicisgreat.Yes.Someofhermusicisgreat.请听一段对话,,,完成第,完成第777至第7至第888小题8小题。。。MMM:HiM:Hi:Hi,Kelly.Howareyou:Hi,Kelly.Howareyou,Kelly.Howareyou?,Kelly.Howareyou???WWW:W:::Notsogood.INotsogood.I’vehadaterribledavehadaterribleday.vehadaterribleday.y.y.MMM:M:::Why?WhathappenedWhy?WhathappenedWhy?Whathappened?Why?Whathappened???WWW:W:::UmUmUmUm…thismorningwhenthismorningwhenthismorningwhenIthismorningwhenIIIgottothebusstop,thebusgottothebusstop,thebushadgone.SoIhadtowalktoschool.hadgone.SoIhadtowalktoschool.hadgone.SoIhadtowalktoschool.M:That’salongway!salongway!salongway!\nW:Yeah.AndthenitstartedrainingandIrealizedW:Yeah.AndthenitstartedrainingandIrealizedIW:Yeah.AndthenitstartedrainingandIrealizedIIIhadhadforgottentotakemyraincoat.forgottentotakemyraincoat.forgottentotakemyraincoat.M:Oh,no.DidyougetwM:Oh,no.Didyougetwet?M:Oh,no.Didyougetwet?et?et?W:Yes,Iwasallwet.W:Yes,Iwasallwet.TW:Yes,Iwasallwet.TTTheschoolwasemptywhenheschoolwasemptywhenheschoolwasemptywhenIheschoolwasemptywhenIIIgotgotthere.Andmyclassmateswerevisitingthezoo.there.Andmyclassmateswerevisitingthezoo.there.Andmyclassmateswerevisitingthezoo.M:Youmissedazootrip.That’stoobad.stoobad.stoobad.请听一段对话,,,完成第,完成第999至第9至第101010小题10小题。。。。M:M:Hey,Tina.WherewouldyougoifyoucouldtraveM:Hey,Tina.Wherewouldyougoifyoucouldtravellanywhereanywhere?anywhere???W:W:W:W:Oh,IdonOh,Idon’tknow.Idon’tliketotravel.tliketotravel.tliketotravel.M:M:Comeon!Whatifyoucouldgoanywhere?WhynotM:Comeon!Whatifyoucouldgoanywhere?WhynotgogoshoppinginParis?shoppinginParis?shoppinginParis?\nW:W:W:W:No.ItNo.It’stootiring.stootiring.stootiring.M:M:M:M:Oh,well,thenwhataboutaOh,well,thenwhataboutaOh,well,thenwhataboutatriptoLondon?Oh,well,thenwhataboutatriptoLondon?triptoLondon?triptoLondon?W:W:No.IthinkLondonistooexpensive.W:No.IthinkLondonistooexpensive.No.IthinkLondonistooexpensive.No.IthinkLondonistooexpensive.M:M:Okay.HowaboutTokyo?ItisnottootiringortM:Okay.HowaboutTokyo?Itisnottootiringortooooexpensive.expensive.expensive.W:W:W:W:ButTokyoistootouristy.ButTokyoistootouristy.ButTokyoistootouristy.ButTokyoistootouristy.M:M:M:M:Tina,theremustbesomeplaceyouwanttogoto.HowTina,theremustbesomeplaceyouwanttogoto.HowaboutHawaii?Theweatherisreallywarm.aboutHawaii?Theweatherisreallywarm.aboutHawaii?Theweatherisreallywarm.W:W:RW:RRReally?Ieally?I’dliketogosomewherewarm.Thankyouforyoursuggestions.suggestions.suggestions.请听一段对话,,,完成第,完成第111111至第11至第131313小题13小题。。。。\nM:Alice,youlookstressedout.What’swrongwithyou?swrongwithyou?swrongwithyou?W:Well,iW:Well,itW:Well,ittt’sjustbecauseofthework.sjustbecauseofthework.sjustbecauseofthework.M:Itseemsterrible.M:Itseemsterrible.M:Itseemsterrible.W:Yeah.Ican’tsleeptilllateatnightandIhavetogetupearlyinthemorningbecauseIhavetoomuchworktofworktofinish.worktofinish.inish.inish.M:Oh,cheerup!ItM:Oh,cheerup!ItM:Oh,cheerup!Itcancan’tbeasbadasallthat.tbeasbadasallthat.tbeasbadasallthat.W:Don’tyouknowitkeepsgettingworse?I’vegottodosomethingaboutit.somethingaboutit.somethingaboutit.M:Oh,takeiteasy!Maybeyoucanthinkofagoodway.Look,ifyougotanassistant,wouldn’tthattakesomeofthepressofthepressureoffyou?ofthepressureoffyou?ureoffyou?ureoffyou?\nW:No,Ihavealreadyhadanassistant.Butsheisnotgoodenoughforthework.goodenoughforthework.goodenoughforthework.M:MaybeIcanhelpyoufindagoodonenextweek.It’sssFridaytodayandyouneedtorelaxyourselfonweekends.SeewhatI’vegotforyou.vegotforyou.vegotforyou.W:Whatisit?W:Whatisit?W:Whatisit?M:TwoM:Twoticketstotheconcerttomorrowevening.HowaM:Twoticketstotheconcerttomorrowevening.Howaboutboutthat?that?that?W:You’regreat.Icouldfinallyhavearest.regreat.Icouldfinallyhavearest.regreat.Icouldfinallyhavearest.请听一段独白,,,完成第,完成第141414至第14至第161616小题16小题。。。。Dearneighbors,Dearneighbors,Dearneighbors,MynameisLisa.IliveinGreenGarden.Iknowallof\nusloveourneighborhoodandwanttomakeitcleanerandmoremorebeautiful.Ofcourse,everyonehopestoliveamorebeautiful.Ofcourse,everyonehopestoliveahealhealthythylife.life.Herearesomelife.HerearesomeHerearesomeeasyHerearesomeeasyeasywaystoeasywaystowaystomakeourneighborhoodwaystomakeourneighborhoodbetterbetter.better...FirstFirstFirstofallofallofall,weshouldstopusingplasticbags.Weofall,weshouldstopusingplasticbags.Weshouldaskfactories,shops,andshouldaskfactories,shops,andpeoplearoundusshouldaskfactories,shops,andpeoplearounduspeoplearounduspeoplearoundustostoptostopusingbagsandboxesthatarusingbagsandboxesthataremadeofplastic,andusingbagsandboxesthataremadeofplastic,andchoosechoosethosemadeofpaper.thosemadeofpaper.thosemadeofpaper.BesidesBesides,Besides,,,wwwweshouldplantmoretreeseshouldplantmoretreeseshouldplantmoretrees,eshouldplantmoretrees,,,flowersflowersflowersflowersorgroworgrowsomevegetablesinourgarden.Itmaymakeourlivingplacelookbetter,andbringusmorefreshairaswell.lookbetter,andbringusmorefreshairaswell.lookbetter,andbringusmorefreshairaswell.Also,weshouldtravelbybus,bybikeorAlso,weshouldtravelbybus,bybikeorAlso,weshouldtravelbybus,bybikeoronfootmoreonfootmoreinsteadofdrivingourowncars.Inthisway,wewillbothexerciseanddosomethinggoodtoourenvironment.Anditisnecessarytoturnoffthelightsbeforeleaving.IthinkitisoneofthebestwaystosaveIthinkitisoneofthebestwaystosaveeIthinkitisoneofthebestwaystosaveeeenergy.nergy.nergy.nergy.\nGreenGardenGreenGardenisourGreenGardenisourisourhomeandwehavethedutytotakeisourhomeandwehavethedutytotakecareofitforourselvescareofitforourselves,careofitforourselves,,,andforourlatergenerations.andforourlatergenerations.AgAgoodenvironmentdependsoneveryoneAgoodenvironmentdependsoneveryoneoodenvironmentdependsoneveryoneinouroodenvironmentdependsoneveryoneinourinourinourneighborhoodneighborhood.neighborhood...三三三、三、、、听对话听对话,,,根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语,根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语,,,记录关键信息,记录关键信息。。。对话读两遍。(共共共8共888分分分分,,,,每小题每小题222分2分分分))))M:I’mareporterfromourschoolmareporterfromourschoolnewspapermareporterfromourschoolnewspapernewspaper.MayIaskyounewspaper.MayIaskyousomequestionsaboutyourpenpal,Linda?somequestionsaboutyourpenpal,Linda?somequestionsaboutyourpenpal,Linda?W:Yes,ofcourse.W:Yes,ofcourse.W:Yes,ofcourse.M:What’syourpenpal’sname,please?sname,please?sname,please?W:Sally.SW:Sally.S-W:Sally.S---AAAA----LLLL----LLLL----Y,Sally.Y,Sally.Y,Sally.Y,Sally.M:IhaveheardthatM:Ihaveheardthatsheiscomingsoon.M:Ihaveheardthatsheiscomingsoon.sheiscomingsoon.sheiscomingsoon.\nW:Yeah,she’scomingnextFriday.scomingnextFriday.scomingnextFriday.M:Canyoutellmewhereshecomesfrom?M:Canyoutellmewhereshecomesfrom?M:Canyoutellmewhereshecomesfrom?W:SheisfromtheUSA.W:SheisfromtheUSA.W:SheisfromtheUSA.M:HowlongM:HowlonghaveM:Howlonghavehavehaveyouknownher?youknownher?youknownher?youknownher?W:Fortwoyears.W:Fortwoyears.W:Fortwoyears.M:Haveyouevermetherbefore?M:Haveyouevermetherbefore?M:Haveyouevermetherbefore?W:No,Ihaven’t.ButIknowalotabouther.Andwet.ButIknowalotabouther.Andwet.ButIknowalotabouther.Andwehavehavethesamehobby,swimming.thesamehobby,swimming.thesamehobby,swimming.M:DoessheM:DoesshespeM:DoesshespespeakChinese?speakChinese?akChinese?akChinese?W:Yes,butonlyalittle.Shethinksit’sverydifficult.sverydifficult.sverydifficult.\nM:Yes,itis.It’seasiertolearnaforeignlanguagewhenyouvisitacountry.youvisitacountry.Whatyouvisitacountry.WhatWhatWhatdoesSallywanttodohere?doesSallywanttodohere?doesSallywanttodohere?doesSallywanttodohere?W:Well,herschoolhasW:Well,herschoolhassomeconcerts,butshehasheardW:Well,herschoolhassomeconcerts,butshehasheardabouttheHopeSabouttheHopeSchoolsabouttheHopeSchoolschoolschoolsandshewantstovisittheandshewantstovisittheschoolsinGansuProvince.schoolsinGansuProvince.schoolsinGansuProvince.M:M:WhatM:WhatWhatWhatisaHopeSchool?isaHopeSchool?isaHopeSchool?isaHopeSchool?W:It’saschoolforpoorchildren.Infact,TheHopeProjecthasbuiltschoolsalloverChinasince1989.ProjecthasbuiltschoolsalloverChinasince1989.ProjecthasbuiltschoolsalloverChinasince1989.M:Really?ThM:Really?Thatsoundsinteresting.TellmemoreabM:Really?Thatsoundsinteresting.Tellmemoreaboutit,outit,please.please.please.UnitFiveUnitFiveUnitFive知识梳理知识梳理\n一一一一单项选择单项选择(15(15分(15分分分))))()1.Youcankeepthebookforanotherweek,butyouyoulendittoothers.lendittoothers.lendittoothers.A.needn’tttB.mustnB.mustn’tttC.arenC.aren’tD.mustD.mustD.must()2.Bobcan'tcomeouttoplaybecausehe____________helpDadinthe____________helpDadinthegarden.____________helpDadinthegarden.garden.garden.A.canA.canA.canB.can'tB.can'tB.can'tB.can'tC.hastoDhavetoC.hastoDhavetoC.hastoDhavetoC.hastoDhaveto()3.I()3.I()3.Idondon’tlikethecoloroftheTtlikethecoloroftheT-tlikethecoloroftheT---shirt.shirt.WouldyoushowmeWouldyoushowmeWouldyoushowmeone?one?one?A.otherA.otherA.otherA.otherB.theotherB.theotherB.theotherB.theotherC.anotherC.anotherC.anotherC.anotherD.D.othersothersothers\n()4.Thanksfor____________metotheparty.()4.Thanksfor____________metotheparty.()4.Thanksfor____________metotheparty.A.askA.askB.toaskC.asksB.toaskC.asksD.askingD.askingD.asking()()5()555....—Wouldyouliketogoboatingwithme?—Sure,Sure,Sure,....A.IA.I’dlikeB.I’dloveC.IC.I’llbegladD.I’dlovetodlovetodloveto()()6()666....—Canyouhelpmewithmymath?Canyouhelpmewithmymath?—_________,IIIIcancan’t,I’mtoobusy.mtoobusy.mtoobusy.A.CertainlyA.CertainlyB.NoB.NoC.SorryC.SorryD.SureD.SureD.Sure()()7()777ThepoorladyhadtogooutforfoodThepoorladyhadtogooutforfoodThepoorladyhadtogooutforfoodThepoorladyhadtogooutforfoodaaacoldmorning.coldmorning.coldmorning.\nA.inB.atA.inB.atA.inB.atC.onC.onC.onC.onD.duringD.duringD.during()()8()888....—MustIfinisMustIfinishmyhomeworknow?MustIfinishmyhomeworknow?—No,you________.ButyouButyouButyoufinishitaftersupper.finishitaftersupper.finishitaftersupper.finishitaftersupper.A.neednA.needn’t,mustB.mustnB.mustn’t,mustC.needn’t,needD.mustn’t,mayt,mayt,may()()9()999....—Mymotherisill.IhavetoMymotherisill.IhavetolookafterMymotherisill.Ihavetolookafterlookafterlookafterheratherathomehome.home...—____________.____________.____________.A.ThaA.ThaA.ThankyouA.ThankyouB.Oh,Idon'tknowB.Oh,Idon'tknowC.I'msorryC.I'msorrytohearthatD.BadlucktohearthatD.BadlucktohearthatD.Badluck()1()10()1000.Ihave.Ihave.Ihave.Ihaveworktodoeveryday.worktodoeveryday.worktodoeveryday.worktodoeveryday.A.toomuchB.lotofC.somanyA.toomuchB.lotofC.somanyD.alotD.alotD.alot\n()1()11()1111.Theboysalwayshavesomefun.Theboysalwayshavesomefun.Theboysalwayshavesomefun.Theboysalwayshavesomefuncomputercomputergames.games.games.A.toplayB.playingC.playsA.toplayB.playingC.playsD.forplayingD.forplayingD.forplayingththth()1()12()1222May12May12isXiaoMingisXiaoMing’sbirthday.Hesbirthday.Hesbirthday.Heustohisbirthdayparty.tohisbirthdayparty.tohisbirthdayparty.A.asksA.asksA.asksA.asksB.invitesB.invitesB.invitesB.invitesC.makesC.makesC.makesC.makesD.tellsD.tellsD.tellsD.tells()1()13()1333.Mymotherisbusy.Mymotherisbusy.Mymotherisbusy.Mymotherisbusytheroomtheroomtheroom.theroom...A.cleanB.tocleanC.cleaningA.cleanB.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleansD.cleansD.cleans()1()14()1444....—Whatdayistoday?Whatdayistoday?Whatdayistoday?Whatdayistoday?—....\nA.ItA.It’sOctober1.B.It’sSunday.C.It’sssfine.D.It’sgood.sgood.sgood.三三三.三...完形填空完形填空(((10(101010分分分分))))IamgoingtohaveapartytomorrowniIamgoingtohaveapartytomorrownight.IpromisIamgoingtohaveapartytomorrownight.Ipromisededmymotherthatsheneedn’tdo__tdo__1tdo__1116__forme.MyfriendJane6__forme.MyfriendJaneiscoming,too.Shewouldliketohelpme,__iscoming,too.Shewouldliketohelpme,__1iscoming,too.Shewouldliketohelpme,__1117__shecan7__shecan’t.Becauseshehasapianolessoninthemorningandintheafternoonshehastobabysithersister.SoIwilldoeverythineverythingbymyself.Itrytomake__everythingbymyself.Itrytomake__gbymyself.Itrytomake__1gbymyself.Itrytomake__1118__partyaniceone.8__partyaniceone.8__partyaniceone.8__partyaniceone.Isentinvitationtomyfriends__Isentinvitationtomyfriends__1Isentinvitationtomyfriends__1119__.NowIamthinking9__.NowIamthinkingaboutwhatIneedtodotomorrow.Yes!Ihavetocleantheroomanddosomeshopping.Iamgoing__roomanddosomeshopping.Iamgoing__2roomanddosomeshopping.Iamgoing__2220__somefood,0__somefood,drinksandsomefruitinthesupedrinksandsomefruitinthesupermarket.Iamgoingtodrinksandsomefruitinthesupermarket.Iamgoingtomakeashoppinglist__makeashoppinglist__2makeashoppinglist__2221__Igo.Ialsohavetodecorate(1__Igo.Ialsohavetodecorate(1__Igo.Ialsohavetodecorate(装1__Igo.Ialsohavetodecorate(装装装饰饰饰)theroom.Ineedtodosomanythings,soI__饰)theroom.Ineedtodosomanythings,soI__)theroom.Ineedtodosomanythings,soI__2)theroom.Ineedtodosomanythings,soI__2222__see2__seethemovie“DaVinciCode”afterlunch.Aterriblething!afterlunch.Aterriblething!afterlunch.Aterriblething!afterlunch.Aterriblething!\nThepartybegins__Thepartybegins__Thepartybegins__2Thepartybegins__2223__8pm,soImusthavedinner3__8pm,soImusthavedinner______2__2224__.I4__.I4__.IamtiredafterIfinish__4__.IamtiredafterIfinish__amtiredafterIfinish__2amtiredafterIfinish__2225__somanythingsand5__somanythingsandafterdinnerIcanhaveashortrest.afterdinnerIcanhaveashortrest.afterdinnerIcanhaveashortrest.()()1()1116.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothing6.A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everythingD.everythingD.everything()()1()1117.A.soB.althoughC.but7.A.soB.althoughC.butD.becauseD.becauseD.because()()1()1118.A.aB.anC.the8.A.aB.anC.theD./D./D./()()1()1119.A.yesterdayB.tomorrowC.tomorrow9.A.yesterdayB.tomorrowC.tomorrowmorningD.thedayaftertomorrowmorningD.thedayaftertomorrowmorningD.thedayaftertomorrow()()2()2220.A.buyB.sellC.tobuyD.buyingD.buyingD.buying\n()21.A.after()21.A.afterB.whenC.how()21.A.afterB.whenC.howD.beforeD.beforeD.before()()2()2222.A.canB.notC.can2.A.canB.notC.can’tD.neverD.neverD.never()()2()2223.A.atB.inC.on3.A.atB.inC.onD.withD.withD.with()()2()2224.A.lateB.earlyC.short4.A.lateB.earlyC.shortD.quickD.quickD.quick()()2()2225.A.doB.todoC.did5.A.doB.todoC.didD.doingD.doingD.doing四四四.四...阅读理解阅读理解(((4(4440000分分分分))))AAAA\nInmanypartsoftheworld,peoplelivetohealthyolInmanypartsoftheworld,peoplelivetohealthyolddages.Whatisthesecretoftheirlonglives?ages.Whatisthesecretoftheirlonglives?ages.Whatisthesecretoftheirlonglives?Threethingsareveryimportant:freshair,freshfoodandasimplewayoflife.PeoplelivinginHimalayas(andasimplewayoflife.PeoplelivinginHimalayas(喜andasimplewayoflife.PeoplelivinginHimalayas(喜喜喜马拉雅山)arefamousfortheirlo)arefamousfortheirlongandhealthylives.They)arefamousfortheirlongandhealthylives.Theyworkneartheirhomesinthecleanmountains.Theydonothavebuses,carsortrains.Theydonotsitalldayinoffices.Theytakemoreexerciseandeatlessfoodthanpeopleinthecities.Theyeatvegetablesgrownbythemselvethemselves.Theydrinkmilktakenfromtheirowncothemselves.Theydrinkmilktakenfromtheirowncows.Forws.Foryears,theHunzasoftheHimalayasdonotneeddoctors,becausebecausebecausethereisnotmuchillness.Theyarehappyandthereisnotmuchillness.Theyarehappyandhealthypeople.healthypeople.healthypeople.()()2()2226.WhichisNOTthelifeofthepeoplelivingin6.WhichisNOTthelifeofthepeoplelivinginHimalayas?Himalayas?Himalayas?A.TheyworA.TheyworkneartheirhomesinthecleanmountainA.Theyworkneartheirhomesinthecleanmountains.kneartheirhomesinthecleanmountains.kneartheirhomesinthecleanmountains.s.\nB.TheytakemoreexerciseandeatmorefoodthanB.Theytakemoreexerciseandeatmorefoodthanpeopleinthecities.peopleinthecities.peopleinthecities.C.Theyeatvegetablesgrownbythemselves.C.Theyeatvegetablesgrownbythemselves.C.Theyeatvegetablesgrownbythemselves.C.Theyeatvegetablesgrownbythemselves.D.Theydrinkmilktakenfromtheirowncows.D.Theydrinkmilktakenfromtheirowncows.D.Theydrinkmilktakenfromtheirowncows.D.Theydrinkmilktakenfromtheirowncows.()()2()2227.Whichoneis7.Whichoneis7.Whichoneis7.WhichoneisNOTtrueaboutthepeoplelivingNOTtrueaboutthepeoplelivinginHimalayas?inHimalayas?inHimalayas?A.Theyliveinasimplelifeinthemountains.A.Theyliveinasimplelifeinthemountains.A.Theyliveinasimplelifeinthemountains.A.Theyliveinasimplelifeinthemountains.B.Theygrowvegetablesandmilkcowsthemselves.B.Theygrowvegetablesandmilkcowsthemselves.B.Theygrowvegetablesandmilkcowsthemselves.B.Theygrowvegetablesandmilkcowsthemselves.C.WhentheyC.Whenthey’reill,theydonotgotoseethedoctors.doctors.doctors.D.TheydonotsitD.TheydonotsitD.TheydonotsitD.Theydonotsitalldayinbusyoffices.alldayinbusyoffices.alldayinbusyoffices.alldayinbusyoffices.\n()()2()2228.WhichisNOTthesecretoflonglife?8.WhichisNOTthesecretoflonglife?8.WhichisNOTthesecretoflonglife?8.WhichisNOTthesecretoflonglife?A.Freshair.B.Freshfood.C.AsimplewayoflifeoflifeoflifeD.Asimplewayofeating.D.Asimplewayofeating.D.Asimplewayofeating.D.Asimplewayofeating.()()2()2229.WhataretheHunzasfamousfor?9.WhataretheHunzasfamousfor?9.WhataretheHunzasfamousfor?9.WhataretheHunzasfamousfor?A.VegetablesB.MilkC.FoodD.TheirTheirlongandhealthylivesTheirlongandhealthyliveslongandhealthyliveslongandhealthylives()()3()3330.Theydonotneeddoctors,for0.Theydonotneeddoctors,for0.Theydonotneeddoctors,for0.Theydonotneeddoctors,for....\nERROR:rangecheckOFFENDINGCOMMAND:xshowSTACK:[1261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261251261251251261251261251261251261251261251261261261260]( $ W K H G R F W R U V D U H Q R W J R R G % )[1261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261251261251251261251261251261251261251261251261261261260]( $ W K H G R F W R U V D U H Q R W J R R G % )[1261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261251261251251261251261251261251261251261251261261261260]( $ W K H G R F W R U V D U H Q R W J R R G % )[1261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261261251261251251261251261251261251261251261251261261261260]( $ W K H G R F W R U V D U H Q R W J R R G % )