《英语语言学》试题 7页

《英语语言学》试题15考试吋量：120分钟题号—•二三四五合分合分人得分复查人考试类型:得分评卷人苹LFillineachofthefollowingblanks(1%X20=20%)I.Languageisasystemofarbitraryvocalusedforhumancommunication.Languageisconsistingoftwosetsofstructures,ortwolevels,thatis,soundand.2.Ofallthespeechorgans,theisthemostflexible,andisresponsibleforvarietiesofarticulationthananyother.Whenthevocalcordsaredrawnwideapart,lettingairgothroughwithoutcausingvibration,thesoundsproducedinsuchconditionare.3.isvoicedalveolarfricative,whileisback,closelongvowel.4.Therearephones,phonemesinword“start：5.Complementarydistributionmeansthattheofthesamephonemealwaysoccurindifferentphoneticenvironments.6.Generallyspeaking,wecandividephoneticsintoatleastthreebranches:articulatoryphonetics,phoneticsandacousticphonetics-7.Chomskydefinesastheidealspeaker^knowledgeoftherulesofhislanguage,andperformanceistheactualrealizationofthisknowledge.8.referstothestudyoftherulesgoverningthewaywordsarecombinedtoformsentencesinalanguage,orsimplythestudyoftheformationofsentences.9.InEngllish,nouns,verbsadjectivesandadverbsmakeupthelargestpartofthevocabulary,theyarecalledclasswords,whileconjunctions,prepositions,articlesandpronounsareregardedascloseclasswords.10.Morphologyisthestudyoftheinternalofwordsandthewayinwhichwordsareformed.II•meansthatlanguagecanbeusedtorefertothingswhichpresentornotpresent,realorimaginedmattersinpast,present,orfuture,orinfar-awayplaces.12.areindependentunitsofmeaningandcanbeusedfreelyallbythemselves.13.InEnglish,referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.14.Alingusticstudyisifitdescribesandanalysesthelanguagepeople\nactuallyuse;itisprescriptiveifittriestolaydownrulesfor"correct"5behavi0匚15.Suprasegmentalfeaturesincludetoneandintonation.得分评卷人16.“Accuse.•.of，and"charge.••with"aresynonyms.ILReadanddecidethebestonethatcompletesthestatement.(1.5%X20=30%)LLinguistsgiveprioritytothespokenlanguagenotonthewrittenlanguagebecause•A.vocalsoundsaredrivedfromwritingsystemsB.speechprecedeswritingeverywhereintheworldC.wehavereadingdevicestostudyspeechD.spokenlanguageprecededwritttenlanguageonlyinIndo-Europeanlanguae2.AccordingtoEdeSaussure,referstotheabstractlinguistics.A.paroleB.performanceC.langueD.language3.isconcernedwithallthesoundsthatoccurintheworldslanguage.A.PhonologyB.PhoneticsC.MorphologyD.Phonemics.4.Theword“boyish，，containstwo•A.morphemesB.morphsC.phonemesD.allophones5.Noun,verb,andprepositionaremajorlexicalcateogries.A.adverbB.pronounC.adjectiveD.conjunction6.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisvoicelessbilabialstop?A.[p]B.[mlC.[b]D.[t]7.Thestudyoflanguagetopsychologyis•A.sociolinguisticsB.psycholinguisticsC.appliedlinguisticsD.pragmatics8-Whichofthefollowingsoundsiscentralvowel?A.[elB.[i]C.[八]D.[a:]3.InEnglish,4tunJ,and"dis"arecalled..A.prefixesB.infixesC.suffixesD.grammaticalwords4.areproducedbymovingfromonevowelpositiontoanotherthroughinterventingposition.A.DiphthongsB.ConsonantsC.VowelsD>Individualvowels11.Thephrase“menandwomen"belongstothecontruction.A.predicateB.coordinateC.subordinateD.exocentric12.InEnglish,allthefrontvowelsandthecentralvowelsarevowels.A.unroundedB.closeC.openD.rounded12.Whichisthemeaningrelationshipbetweenthetwowords"flowei7rose”?A.HomonymyB.AntonymyC.PolysemyD.Hyponymy13.Thewordssuchas"lab",“doc"are・\nA.formedbyblendingB.acronyms\nC.coinedbyback-formationD.clippedwords12.InEnglishifthreeconsonantsshouldclustertogetheratthebeginningofaword,thefirstphonememustbe/s/andthesecondphonememustbe/p/orIIIor/k/,thenthethirdphonemecannotbe.A./f/B./I/C./r/D./w/13.Thewords"make，，and“bus，，arecalledbecausetheycanoccurunattached.A.derivationalmorphemesB.inflectionalmorphemesC.boundmorphemesD.freemorphemes14.Thesemanticcomponentoftheword“man”canbeexpressedasA.+animate,+human,+male,-adultB.+animate,+human,・male,+adultC.+animate,+human,+male,+adultD.+animate,+human,-adult15.referstothelinguisticvarietycharacteristicofaparticularsocialclass.A.IdiolectB.SociolectC.EthnicdialectD.Standarddialect16.Thephenomenon“holidaymeantadayofreligioussignificancebefore,buttodayitsignifiesanydayonwhichwedon^thavetowork，，isA.wideningofthemeaningB.narrowingofmeaningC.meaningshiftD.lossofthemeaning17.AllofthefollowingareAmericanEnglishEXCEPT.A.fallB.elevatorC.petrolD.aparment得分评卷人III.Trueorfalse:(TforTrueandFforFam)・(l・5%X20=30%)1.Languageishumanspecific.2.Englishisatypicaltonelanguage.3.Asynchronicstudyoflanguageisahistoricalstudy.4.TheclassificationofEnglishconsonantsinvolvesbothmannerofarticultionandplaceofarticulation.5.ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbyEdeSaussure.6.Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinthehumanhistory.7.Theword"ungentlemanliness^hasfivemorphemes.8.DeepStructureisthesameasSurfaceStructure.\n2.ThereisonlyonetypeofaffixesintheEnglishlanguage.10・Syntaxisthebranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthemeaningoflanguage.3.Alocutionaryactistheactofconveyingliteralmeaningbymeansofsyntax,lexicon,andphonology.4.ModernEnglishisroughlyfrom499tothepresent.5.Thestandardlanguageandnon-standardlanguagearebothsociallyprestigious.6.TheassumptionthatBlackEnglishis"geneticallyinferior^,"deficient^and"incomplete"isquiteunreasonable.7.Oneoftherecenttrendsoflanguagechangeismovingtowardsgreaterformality.8.Pragmaticsisrelatedtoandalsodifferentfromsemantics.17.Inapairofgradableantonyms,thedenialofonememberofthepairimpliestheassertionoftheothe匚18.Thereisonlyoneargumentinthesentence“Kidslikeapples.”19.Freemorphemesarethesameasboundmorphemes-得分评卷人20・IPAstandsforInternationalPhoneticAlphabet.IV・Drawtreestructuresofthefollowingsentences.(2.5%x4=10%)1.Theapplemighthittheman.2.Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.3.Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.4.Whatareyoudoingnow?得分评卷人VPleaseanswerthefollowingquestions.(5%X2=10%)1.Pleaselistoutthedesignfeaturesoflanguageandillustratethem.2.WhoputforwardtheCooperativePrinciple?Whatisitabout?\nAnswerSheetn|n得分评卷人I.Fillineachofthefollowingblanks(1%X20=20%)1.,2.,3.,4.,5.6.,7.&9.10.11.12.13..14.15.16.得分评卷人II・Readanddecidethebestonethatcompletesthestatement.(1.5%X20=30%)1()2()3()4()5()6()7()8()9()10()得分评卷人11()12()13(1.()2()3(IK)12()13(得分评卷人)14()15()16()17()18()19()20()III.Trueorfalse:(TforTrueandFforFalse).(1.5%X20=30%))4()5()6()7()8()9()10())14()15()16()1(7)18()19()20()IV.Drawtreestructuresofthefollowingsentences.(2.5%x4=10%)1.Theapplemighthittheman.2.Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.\n1.Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings-4.Whatareyoudoingnow?得分评卷人VPleaseanswerthefollowingquestions.(5%X2=10%)