生活与语言学习 试题 17页

TopicTwoSchoollifeandLanguageLearning学校生活与语言学习话说中考校园生活与语言学习是中考阅读理解考查的热点话题，一方面与学生生活、学习、交流等息息相关；另一方面，来自社会，紧贴社会生活，具有一定的时代感和现实意义。这类话题多是说明文，做题时要注意说明的对象、内容及说明方法。这类题要注意每段话的开头部分，整体把握材料信息。做题思路：把握信息，找出题眼，梳理信息，进行解答问题。走进中考(重庆·2010)Whenyouseethegirlforthefirsttime，youmaythinksheisaboy．Sheisveryoutgoing(外向的)．Whoisshe?WangMeng，theChinesetopskater．OntheeveningofFebruary26th，2010，WangMengfirstgottothefinishinglinein1minuteand29.213secondsinthewomen's1000metersshorttrackspeedskatingfinal(短道速滑决赛)attheVancouverOlympicWinterGames(温哥华冬奥会)．Aftershesucceededinthe500-metreand3000-metreraces，shewonherthirdgoldmedalthistime．WiththisoneChinawonfourgoldmedalsinthewomen'sshorttrackspeedskating．ThathelpedChinafirstwintheteamgoldmedalinWinterOlympicshistory．JustbeforethefinalraceWangMengcaughtabadcoldandcoughedterribly．Withthewordsof"Youcan，youcando!"shewonatlast．Shesaid，"Ireallyfeelthesethreegoldmedalsbelongtomyteam，toChina．ItwaswiththehelpofmyteamthatIwontheprize．"ThoughWangMengisonlytwenty-four，shehasbeenthemostsuccessfulChineseskater．Weareproudofherandherteam．WehopeshewillbefasterinSochiOlympicsin2014．阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。()1．Chinawongoldmedalsinthewomen'sshorttrackspeedskating．\nA．2B．3C．4D．5()2．IttookWangMeng1minuteand29.213secondstofinishtheshorttrackspeedskatingfinal．A．women's1000B．men's1000C．women's500D．men's500()3．InWangMeng'sopinion，madeherwintheprizeatlast．A．astrongbodyB．abadcoldC．herteam'shelpD．muchexercise()4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．WangMengisveryoutgoinglikeaboy．B．WangMengisthemostsuccessfulChineseskater．C．ChinesepeopleareproudofWangMengandherteam．D．ChinahasgottheteamgoldmedaltwiceinWinterOlympicshistory．解析1．C由第二段倒数第二句“WiththisoneChinawonfourgoldmedals...”可知正确答案为C。2．A由第二段第一句“...WangMengfirstgottothefinishinglinein1minuteand29.213secondsinwomen's1000meters...”可知正确答案为A。3．C由第一段最后两句“Ireallyfeelthesethreegoldmedalsbelongtomyteam...withthehelpofmyteamthatIwontheprize．”可知由于团队的帮助她才获得了成功，故正确答案为C。4．D由第二段最后一句“ThathelpedChinafirstwintheteamgoldmedal...”可知D项的表述是错误的。\n话题专练一Takingexamsalwaysmakesmenervous．Whataboutyou?Herearesomesuggestionsthatmyfriendoffersme．PreparingforexamsThemostimportantpartofpreparingforanexamistoknowwhattostudy．Reviewsubjectsyou'vespentalongtimeonduringclasses，lookthroughwhatyouwereaskedtoreadandtopicsofessaysandhomework，oraskyourteacherstoseeiftheycangiveafewsuggestions．Onceyouknowwhattostudy，thenextistoknowhowtostudy．ArrivingatanexamHowyouarriveatanexamwilldecidehowyoutakeyourexam．Besuretoarrive：Early．Withafullstomach．Wellrested．Withallthethingsyouwillneedfortheexam．HavingyourownexamhabitsBeforeyoubeginyourexam，besureto：Setupyourthingscloseby．Putyournameandotheridentificationinformationonyourexam-answersheet．Readallthedirections．Makeabriefplanabouthowyouwilldivideyourtimebetweensections．Takeafewdeepbreathseverytimeyoufeelnervous．Ifyoupreparewellforyourexam，arriveconfidentlyandsettleinbeforeyoubegin．Don'tspendmoretimeonaquestionthatyoushouldunlessyou'reaheadofschedule(时间表)．根据短文内容，回答下面的问题。1．Whatisthemostimportantbeforeyoutakeanexam?\n_________________________________________________________2．Shouldyouarriveatanexamearlyorontime?_________________________________________________________3．Whatshouldyoudoifyoufeelnervousjustbeforeanexam?_________________________________________________________4．Howwouldyoufeelifyougoteverythingready?_________________________________________________________答案：1．toknowwhattostudy根据建议一可知，考前最重要的就是要知道学什么。2．Early根据建议二可知，考试时要提前到。3．Takeafewdeepbreaths根据建议三可知，考前紧张是要深吸一口气，能缓解紧张的心情。4．Confident．根据短文内容可知，一切准备就绪，你就会很自信。二LearningHowtoLearn$22Childrenwhoreadthisbookwillshowgreatinterestinstudy．Manypictureswillhelpthemunderstanditeasilyandquickly．BasicStudyGuidebook$36Readthisbookandlearn：Whatthethreebarriers(障碍)tostudyareandwhattodoaboutthem?Whattodoifyouaretiredofasubject?Childrenreadittoimprovetheabilitytostudy．HowtoUseaDictionaryPictureBookforChildren$35Readthisbookandlearn：Howtolookupwordsinadictionary?Whatthedifferentmarksinadictionarymean?Howtouseadictionarytopronouncewordscorrectly?\nBuythisbookandhelpchildrenunlocktheireducation．What'smore，you'lljustpay60%foritbeforeMay10，2010．根据以上材料，选择最佳答案。()1．"_________"cantellyouwhattodoifyouaretiredofasubject．A．StudySkillsforLifeB．LearningHowtoLearnC．BasicStudyGuidebookD．HowtoUseaDictionaryPictureBookforChildren()2．Manypicturesinthebook"LearningHowtoLearn"can________．A．makechildrenreadslowlyB．makechildrenunderstandthebookeasilyC．makethebookboringD．makechildrendrawbeautifully()3．Accordingtotheads，thethreebooksarefor________．A．theoldB．parentsC．childrenD．men()4．IfyoubuythethreebooksonMay2nd，2010，youwilljustpay________forthem．A．$93B．$71C．$80D．$79()5．Thepurposeofthethreeadsisto________．A．sellthesebookstothechildrenB．helpchildrenlearnEnglishC．helpchildrenlearnaboutnatureD．useadictionarytopronouncecorrectly答案：1．C从第二段文字中可找到答案。2．B从第一段文字中可找到答案。3．C根据文字内容可以判断是面向学生的。\n4．D由于第三本书是6折，所以用$22+$36+$35×60‰=$79．5．A这些广告的目的是销售书的，所以选A。三Mrs．Thompson，aschoolteacher，toldthechildrenonthefirstdaythatshelovedthemallthesame．Butthatwasalie．ThereinthefrontrowwasalittleboynamedTeddyStoddard．Hedidn'tgetalongwellwiththeotherchildrenandhealwaysneedsabath．Shedidnotlikehim．ThenMrs．ThompsongottoknowthatTeddywasaverygoodboybeforethedeathofhismother．Mrs．Thompsonwasashamedofherself．Shefeltevenworsewhen，likeallherotherstudents，Teddyboughtherapresent，too．Itwashismother'sperfume(香水)．Teddysaid，"Mrs．Thompson，todayyousmelljustmymomusedto．"Afterthechildrenleftshecriedforanhour．Onthatveryday，shestoppedbeingbusyteachingreading，writingandmath．Instead，shebegantocaremoreaboutthechildren．Mrs．ThompsonpaidmoreattentiontoTeddy．Themoresheencouragedhim，thefasterheimproved．BytheendofGrade6，Teddyhadbecomeoneofthesmartestchildrenintheclass．SixyearswentbybeforeshegotanotefromTeddy．Hewrotethathehadfinishedhighschool，thirdinhisclass，andshewasstillthebestteacherhehadeverhadinhiswholelife．Hewenttocollege．Mrs．Thompsongottwomorelettersfromhimwiththelastonesigned，TheodoreF．Stoddard，M.D.(医学博上)．Thestorydoesn'tendthere．Onhisweddingday，Dr．Stoddardsaid，"Thankyou，Mrs．Thompson，forbelievinginme．YoumademefeelgoodaboutmyselfandshowedmethatIcouldmakeadifference．"Mrs．Thompson，withtearsinhereyes，said"Teddy，youhaveitallwrong．YouweretheonewhotaughtmethatIcouldmakeadifference．Ididn'tknowhowtoteachuntilImetyou．"\n根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1．WhatdidMrs．Thompsondoonthedayofschool?A．ShemadeTeddyfeelsad．B．Shetoldtheclasssomethinguntrueaboutherself．C．ShechangedTeddy'sseattothefrontrow．D．SheaskedthechildrentoplaywithTeddy．()2．Whydidn'tTeddygetalongwellwiththeotherchildren?A．Healwaysneededabath．B．Mrs．Thompsondidnotlikehim．C．Hefeltlonelywithouthismother．D．Hedidn'tenjoyplayingwithothers．()3．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence"Mrs．Thompsonwasashamedofherself"meaninthepassage?A．Mrs．Thompsonwaspleasedwithwhatshehaddone．B．Mrs．Thompsonwasangrywiththeboy'smother．C．Mrs．Thompsonwassurprisedthattheboy'smotherwasgone．D．Mrs．Thompsonwasverysorrybecauseshedidn'tlikethechildbefore．()4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothereading?A．Mrs．ThompsongaveTeddyStoddardmotherlycareandencouragement．B．Teddyhadprobablybecomeadoctorbeforehegotmarried．C．Mrs．ThompsonagreedwithTeddythatshehadmadeadifferenceinhislife．D．TeddythoughtallthetimeMrs．Thompsonwasthebestteacherhehadeverhadinhiswholelife．()5．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthereading?A．FriendshipbetweenaStudentandHisTeacherB．NotaReallyGoodTeacher\nC．ACleverStudentD．MakingaDifference答案：1．B根据第一段内容可知，教师说的是违心的话，所以选B。2．C根据第二段的内容可知，Teddy在她母亲去世之前是一个很听话的孩子，由此可知，不能和其他孩子很好相处是由于母亲去世的缘故，所以选C。3．D根据上面的内容可知，老师不喜欢Teddy。当知道他的情况后，老师心存歉意，由此可以推断该句的意思是“Mrs．Thompson对以前不喜欢Teddy感到内疚”。4．C根据短文内容可知，Mrs．Thompson给Teddy母亲般的关爱和鼓励；Teddy后来成了一名医生；Teddy始终认为Mrs．Thompson是他一生遇到的最好的老师；由此可知选C。5．D由文意可知，师生情谊，不是一个好老师，一个聪明的学生，都有片面性，makeadifference更贴近文章内容，所以选D。四Englishisoneoftheworld'smostwidelyusedlanguagenow．Peopleusealanguageintheseways：asanativelanguage，asasecondlanguage，oraforeignlanguage．EnglishisspokenasanativelanguagebynearlythreehundredmillionpeopleintheUnitedStates，Britain，Australia，NewZealand，CanadaandsomecountriesinSouthAfrica．Asasecondlanguage，Englishisoftennecessaryforofficialbusiness，education，informationandotheractivitiesinagreatmanycountriessuchasIndia，Pakistan，Nigeria，SingaporeandthePhilippines．It'soneofthefewworkinglanguagesoftheUnitedNationsandismoreoftenusedthantheothers．It'ssaidthatEnglishhasbecomethelanguageofinternationaltradeandtransport．Mostplanestravelingfromonecountrytoanotheruseittotalkwithairports．Allshipssailingontheoceancallforhelpbyradioinit．Ithasbeensaidthat60%oftheworld'sradiobroadcast(广播)and70%ofthemailsareinEnglish．Atinternationalsports，andattalksofwritersandartistsallaroundtheworld，Englishisthe\nlanguagewhichismostcommonlyusedandmostwidelyunderstood．Englishhas，infact，becomethelanguageofinternationalcooperation(合作)andtechnology．Themostadvanced(先进)resultsinspace，nuclearandcomputerresearcharepublishedinEnglish．AscientistwhospeaksandwritesinEnglishisinclosertouchwiththescientistsinothercountriesthanonewhodoesn't．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1．Englishisthemostpopularlanguageintheworldbecauseit________．A．isonlythemostwidelyusedlanguageB．isspokenasanativelanguagebythelargestpeopleoftheworldC．isanativelanguageD．hasalreadybecometheworld-wideusedlanguage()2．WhenyoutravelinPakistan，NigeriaandSingapore，you________．A．willbeabletouseEnglishB．can'tuseEnglishC．can'tuseEnglishandChineseD．mustuseEnglish()3．Englishisspokenas________languageinIndia．A．theirfirstB．asecondC．aforeignD．auseful()4．IfascientistcanspeakandwriteinEnglish，he_______．A．cantakepartinaninternationalsportsmeetingB．willbeabletopublishsomesciencebooksC．willbeabletolearnandunderstandmoreD．maytraveltomanycountriesintheworld\n()5．IfweknowEnglish，we'llbeableto_______．A．readmanysciencemagazinesintheworldB．becomescientistsinthefutureC．workwithscientistsandmakethingsevenbetterD．doeverythingbetterthanbefore答案：1．D由“Englishisoneoftheworld'smostwidelyusedlanguagenow．”可知，答案是D。2．A根据第一段内容可知，英语在巴基斯坦、尼日利亚和新加坡被作为第二语言使用，所以选A。3．B根据第一段中的第四句，英语在巴基斯坦、尼日利亚和新加坡被作为第二语言使用。4．C根据最后一句可以推断出答案。5．A根据短文中谈到世界上许多科技杂志都是用英文出版的，所以选A。五Step1_______TrytoreadEnglishgrammarfromatextbookoronlineresources(资源)．Notethegrammarpointsyouneedtoworkonandplantoworkoneachforatlastafewdays．Step2Knowcommonmistakes．PeoplewhospeakthesamelanguageoftenmakethesamemistakesinEnglishgrammar．Forexample，manyRussianspeakershavetroubleusing"a"and"the"inEnglish．Findoutwhatgrammarpointsareoftendifficultforspeakersofyournativelanguage．Payattentiontothosegrammarpoints．Step3Findsomegrammarexercises．TolearnEnglishgrammarwell，you'llneedtopracticeeachgrammarpointuntilyoucanuseiteasily．Lookforabookofgrammarexercisesthatalsohasanswers．Onlineactivitiesandexercisescanalsohelp．Focuson(集中注意于)just\nonegrammarpointeachtimeyoustudy．Step4PaycloseattentiontogrammarwhenyoureadEnglish．Whenyou'retryingtolearncorrectEnglishgrammar，it'snotenoughtounderstandthegeneralideaofwhatyouread．You'llneedtounderstandexactlywhyeachsentenceiswrittenthatway．Whenyoureadasentence，askyourselfifyoucanmakesimilarsentences．Ifyoucan'toryou'renotsure，findtextbookexercisesforthosegrammarpointsandpractice．根据短文内容，回答下面的问题。1．Whatdoesthepassagetalkabout?_________________________________________________________2．Whatisthepossibletitleforthefirstparagraph?_________________________________________________________3．Whatcanpeopledoiftheywanttocorrecttheirgrammarmistakes?_________________________________________________________4．WhatcanpeopledotolearnEnglishgrammarwell?_________________________________________________________5．Whatshouldpeopledowhiletheyarereadingaccordingtothewriter?_________________________________________________________答案：1．HowtostudyEnglishgrammar．根据短文内容可知，主要是讨论怎样学习英语语法。2．Makeaplan．根据第一段plantoworkon...内容可知，制定一个计划。3．Findoutwhatgrammarpointsareoftendifficultfortheirnativelanguagespeakers．可以直接从第一二段找到答案。4．Topracticeeachgrammarpointuntiltheycanuseiteasily．根据第三段的内容，容易找到答案。5．Theyshouldpaycloseattentiontogrammarandtrytomakesimilarsentences．根据第四段的题目可知答案。\n六Atschoolmanythingshappentous．Wemayfeelexcitedwhenwehavesuccessinaschoolplay．Wemayfeelsorryifweloseanimportantgame．Wewanttokeepthememoryfortherestofourlives．Howtokeepthememory?OurEnglishteacher，MissWang，hastaughtusagoodwayofrememberingthings—tomakeourownyearbook．Whatisayearbook?Ayearbookisakindofbookwhichisusedtokeepthememoryofexcitingmoments．It'susuallymadeattheendoftheyear．LastDecember，webegantomakeouryearbook．First，wechosethepersonswhohaddonesomethingespecial，thensomestudentsinterviewedthem，somewrotedowntheirstories，otherstookphotoofthem．Everyoneinourclasshadsomethingtodo．Finallyourteacherhelpedustoputthethingstogether．Wehadourfirstyearbook．Allofusputalotofloveintomakingtheyearbook．Itissowonderfulthatnotonlythestudentsbutalsoourparentsandteacherswillrememberthespecialtimeforever．根据短文，选择正确答案。()1．Whenwehavesuccessinaschoolplay，wemayfeel_______．A．sorryB．angryC．excitedD．interested()2．MissWang'sgoodwayofrememberinggoodthingsisto_______．A．buyanewphotosB．writedownstoriesC．takealotofphotosD．makeayearbook()3．Ayearbookismadeto_______．A．takenotesB．keepthememoryC．doourhomework\nD．rememberEnglishwords()4．Usuallyayearbookismadein_______．A．JanuaryB．FebruaryC．MayD．December()5．Wemadeourfirstyearbook_______．A．withoutanyhelpB．withoutputtingourloveintoitC．withthehelpofourteacherD．withthehelpofourparents答案：1．C根据第一段内容可知，当我们成功时，我们很兴奋，所以选C。2．D根据第二段的内容可知。MissWang建议我们创建年报。3．B根据第二段的内容可知年报是用来记事的。4．D由第二段的最后一句It'susuallymadeattheendoftheyear．可知是在12月份。5．C由第三段中Finallyourteacherhelpedustoputthethingstogether．可知B项正确。七IntheUK，mostchildrenhavetheirlunchesatschool，butinsomeschools，parentscanchoosewhattheirchildreneat．Thechildrencanhaveaschooldinner—ahot，cookedmeal；ortheycantakeapacked(包装的)lunchwiththem，whichusuallyincludescoldfoodlikesandwiches．Oftenparentsknowwhattheirchildrenwant．Cath，amotherofthreechildren，toldus，"Mychildrenhavepackedlunchesbecausetheysaytheyhateschooldinners．SoImakethreepackedluncheseverymorning．"However，anothermother，Susan，madeadifferentchoice．Shesaid，"Mydaughtershavealwayshadschooldinners．IthinktheyprobablygethealthierfoodatschoolthanafewsandwichesImadeofthem．"\nButhowhealthyareschooldinners?Kaz，afather，thoughtpoorlyofthem．Hesaid，"Fizzy(起泡的)drinkswereofferedandIthinktherewerelotsofchips．"JamieOliverspentayearworkinginaschoolkitchen．Hewasworriedabouttheunhealthyfoodwhichincludedburgers，pizzasandchips．Sohetriedtocookhealthyfoodsuchasgoodstewsandcurriesforthechildreninstead．SoJamieimprovedtheschooldinners，andtrainedthedinnerladiestocookhealthyfoodinthatschool．Thenheadvisedthegovernmenttoimproveschoolfoodacrossthecountry．Anditseemsthatthechangeshavebegun．Anna，apupil，toldus，"weusedtohaveafastfoodwindowwhereyougotchipsandcoke，buttheystoppedthatthisyear．There'sasaladrestaurant，whichisgood，soit'shealthierthanitwas．"根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。()1．HowmanymealsdomostchildrenintheUKhaveatschool?A．Four．B．Three．C．Two．D．One．()2．_______wouldlikethechildrentohavetheschoolmeals．A．CathB．KazC．SusanD．Jamie()3．Jamiethought_______werehealthyfoodA．stewsandcurriesB．burgersandpizzasC．chipsandfizzydrinksD．sandwichesandcoke()4．Thelasttwoparagraphs(段落)showthat_______．A．There'sasaladrestaurantineveryschoolB．saladistheonlyhealthyfoodforstudentsC．schoolshavebeguntocookhealthierfoodD．thegovernmentdoesn'tcareaboutschooldinners()5．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?\nA．HealthyFoodB．UnhealthyFoodC．PackedLunchesD．SchoolDinners答案：1．D根据第一段的内容可知，午饭在学校吃，所以在学校吃一顿饭。2．C根据第三段的内容可知Susan认为学校的饭食营养搭配更合理。3．A根据第五段的内容可知，goodstewsandcurries是健康食品。4．C根据最后一段的内容可知，提倡学校应提供健康食品。5．D根据文意可以看出是讲述学校午餐的，所以选SchoolDinners更合理。八PaulaisatypicallearnerofEnglishwithanormallylowlevelofmotivation．Shehasoccasional(偶然)momentsofhighmotivation—likethedaybeforeherEnglishtestorthattimewhenshecouldn'tcommunicatewithaforeigncustomerwhocalledheratwork．Shealwaysstudiesfortwowholedaysbeforeanexam，buttheresultsarepoor，becausesheforgets90%ofthethingsshelearnedwithinamonth．ThenshereadaspecialnovelforEnglishlearnersalmosteverydayfor30minutes．SheboughtanEnglish-EnglishdictionaryandusesittolookupEnglishwordswhenevershedoesn'tunderstandasentenceinherbook．Itwashardtostudyregularly(有规律的)atthebeginning：readingbooksandusingadictionarywerenot"normalactivities"forher．AndeveryEnglishsentencewasachallenge．Butnow，onlytwoweekslater，shecanreadmuchfaster．Everyday，shewantstoreadherbook．Thebookgivesherthechancetousewhatshehaslearned(enjoyherprogress)andtolearnevenmore．Becauseshereadsregularly，sheforgetslittleandhervocabularykeepsgrowing．Judyisontherighttrack(做得对)．ShewillsoonbeabletoreadEnglishnewspapersandotherresourceswrittenfornativespeakers．\n根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正(T)误(F)。()1．BothPaulaandJudyaretypicallearners．()2．Paulafailedtheexambecausesheforgot90%ofthethingsshelearnedwithinamonth．()3．ItwaseasyforJudytostudyregularlyatthebeginning．()4．Judy'slearningwayisbetterthanPaula's．()5．JudyisgoodatEnglishbecausesheissmarterthanPaula．答案：1．F根据短文内容可知，Paula和Judy是不同类型的学习者。2．T根据第一段的内容可知，Paula的失败是因为他忘记了一个月内所学知识的90%，所以他失败了。3．F根据第一段的内容可知，Judy开始学习时并不容易。4．T根据短文可知，_二人的学习方法不同，但学习效果不一样，Judy积极性很高，而Paula属于典型的学习者，所以Judy比Paula学习方法好。5．FJudy的英语好，是因为她的学习态度认真，方法合理，并不是比Paula聪明。九AnEnglishdictionaryisthemostimportantthingthatyouwillneedwhenlearningEnglish．SuccessfulEnglishlearnersusetheirdictionariesallthetime—that'showtheylearntousenewwords．Inthisway，youwillknowhowtouseawordafterreadingitsEnglishexamples．Trytodothis，andyouwillgetanEnglishwayofthinkingwhichplaysanimportantpartinyourEnglishspeakingandwriting．ChinesestudentsandworkerstrytouseEnglish-Chinesedictionaries．However，thisdoesnogoodtoyourEnglishlearning，becauseyouputEnglishintoChinesefirstandthenyoucanunderstandit，whichslowsdownyourlearningandstopsyoufromrealEnglish．根据文章内容完成表格。\nThemostimportantthingwhen1EnglishAnEnglishdictionaryThe2ofsuccessfulEnglishlearnersistolearntousenewwordsTheyalways3theirdictionariesThenumberofdictionariesmentionedinthepassage4ToformanEnglishwayof5YoushouldkeeponusinganEnglishdictionary答案：1．learning根据首句内容可知，要填learning。2．way根据第二句话的内容可以确定是“方法，途径”，即way。3．use根据“ChinesestudentsandworkerstrytouseEnglish-Chinesedictionaries．”可确定填动词“use”。4．Two根据本段话的内容可确定有两种字典，即Two。5．thinking根据短文后几句话可确定填“用英语的思维方式”学习英语。