语言学词汇分类汇总 11页

..语言学词汇分类汇总〔按字母顺序排列〕..word.zl...abbreviation缩写法acculturation语言文化移入acousticphonetics声学语言学acronym词首字母缩略词addressterm称谓语addresser发话人addressee受话人adjacency毗邻AdjacencyCondition毗邻条件AdjacencyParameter毗邻参数Affix词缀Affixation加词缀法Affricate塞擦音Afro-asiatic非亚语系agreementrule一致关系规那么allophone音位变体alveolar齿龈音alveolus齿龈angulargyrus角形脑回antonymy反义现象antonym反以词apocope词尾音脱落aphasia失语症aphasic失语症患者appliedlinguistics应用语言学arbitrariness任意性argument论元articulatoryphonetics发音语音学articulatoryvariable发音变项aspiration送气assimilation同化approximation近似化auditoryphonetics听觉语音学Austronesian…语系Babbling咿呀学语back-formation逆向构词法backvowel后元音Behaviorism行为主义Behavioristlearningtheory行为主义学习理论BehavioristPsychology..word.zl.\n..行为主义心理学Bilabial双唇音Bilingualism双语现象BlackEnglish黑人英语Blending混合法Borrowing借用boundmorpheme黏着语素brainlateralization大脑左右半球侧化branchingnode分叉点broadtranscription宽式音标Broca’sarea布罗卡区caretakerspeech保姆语case格CaseCondition格条件casemarking格标志causativeverb使役动词centralvowel中元音cerebralcortex大脑皮层cerebralplasticity大脑弹性channel渠道classicallanguage古典语言clipping略写法closedclassword封闭类词code代码code-switching代码切换cognate同源词co-hyponyms并列下义词coinage创新词colorword色彩词binationalrule组合规那么missives承诺类municativepetence交际能力parativereconstruction比拟重建法petence语言能力plement补语plementconstruction补足语plementarity互补性反义现象plementarydistribution互补分布plexsentence复合句ponentialanalysis成分分析法ponentsofmeaning意义成分..word.zl.\n..poundword复合词pounding复合法putationallinguistics计算语言学concept概念conceptualistview意念观consonant辅音constituent成分constituentstructure成分构造constraint制约construction构造contentword实词context语境;上下文contextualism语境论ContrastiveAnalysis比照分析法conversationalimplicature会话含义co-operativeprinciple合作原那么coordinatesentence并列句creativity创造性criticalperiod关键期;临界期culturaltransmission文化传播declaration宣告类deepstructure深层构造dental齿音derivation派生法derivationalmorpheme派生语素derivative派生词descriptivelinguistics描写语言学designfeature识别特征determiner限定词diachroniclinguistics历时语言学diacritics变音符号dialect方言dialectalsynonym方言同义词dichoticlisteningtest两耳分听测试diglossia双言现象diphthong复合元音DirectionaliltyParameter..word.zl.\n..方位参数Directives指令类Displacement不受时空限制的特性distinctivefeature区别性特征D-structure深层构造dualityofstructur构造二重性edoublearticulation构造二重性embeddedclause子句emotivemeaning表情意义entailment含义entity实体epenthesis插入音ErrorAnalysis错误分析法euphemism委婉语evaluativemeaning评价意义expressives表达类factivepredicate表达性谓词familytree谱系树featuresymbol特征标记featuresofmeaning意义特征finiteclause定式字句finiteverb定式动词formalize形式化fossilization语言僵化framework框架freemorpheme自由语素fricative擦音frontvowel前元音functionword虚词functionalshift功能性转换functorelement起功能作用成分gender性GenerativeGrammar生成语法GenerativeSemantics生成语义学geneticpredispotion基因先天条件geneticrelationship亲缘关系glide滑音glottal喉音glottis声门graddablopposites..word.zl.\n..可分等级的反义词grammaticality语法性grammaticalmeaning语法意义GreatVowelShift元音大变位hardpalate硬腭head核心词hemisphericdominanceforlanguage大脑半球的语言优势hierarchicalstructure层次构造highvariety高层次变体historicalparativelinguistics历史比拟语言学historicallinguistics历史语言学holophrasticsentence独词句homography同形homonymy同音异义；同形异义homophony同音异义hyponymy下义关系hyponym下义词idiolect个人语言特点illocutionaryact言外形为inconsistency自相矛盾Indo-European印欧语系infinitivemarker不定式标记inflection曲折变化inflectionalmorpheme曲折语素input输入instrumentalmotivation工具性学习动机intake承受integrativemotivation介入性学习动机interference干扰interlanguage语际语internalize在化InternationalPhoneticAlphabet国际音标interpersonmalmunication人际交际intuition语调labeled(unlabeled)treediagram加标记树形图..word.zl.\n..labial唇音LAD语言习得机制languageacquisition语言习得languagebehavior语言行为languagecenter语言中枢languagefaculty语言机制languagefamily语系languageperception语言感知languageplanning语言规划languagevariation语言变异larynx喉laxvowel松元音level层；平面leveloflanguage语言层次lexicalcategory词类lexicalstructure词汇构造lexicology词汇学lexicon词汇linearstructure线性构造linguisticpetence语言能力linguisticdeterminism语言决定论linguisticlateralization语言侧化linguisticperformance语言运用linguisticrelativism语言相对论linguisticrepertoire全部语言变体linguistictaboo禁忌语linguistics语言学liquid流音loanword外来词localization定位locutionaryact言行为lowvariety低层次变体mannerofarticulation发音方法matrixclause主句maximofmanner方式准那么maximofquality质量准那么maximofquantity数量准那么maximofrelation关联准那么..word.zl.\n..meaning意义meaningfulness有意义meaningrelation意义关系mentalism心理主义mentalistictheory精神论message信息metathesis语音变位MiddleEnglish中世纪英语minimalpair最小对立对ModernEnglish现代英语Monophthong单元音Morpheme词素morphlogicalrule形态学规那么morphology形态学mothertongue母语Moveα移动α规那么movementrule移位规那么namingtheory命名论narrowtranscription严式音标narrowingofmeaning词义缩小nasalcavity鼻腔nasality鼻音化nasalize鼻音化naturalrouteofdevelopment自然开展轨道negator否认词neurolinguist神经语言学家neuron神经元no-placepredication空位述谓构造object宾语OldEnglish古英语one-placepredication一位述谓构造optimumage最正确学习年龄oralcavity口腔overextension扩展过度overgeneralization概括过度overtthought有声思维palatal腭音paralinguistic副语言学的parameter参数performance语言运用performanceerror语言运用错误..word.zl.\n..perlocutionaryact言后行为pharyngealcavity咽腔phone音素phoneme音位phonemiccontrast音位对立phoneticfeature语音特征phonetics语音学phonologicalrule音位规那么phonology音位学phrasalcategory词组类phrasestructurerule短语构造规那么pidgin洋泾浜语placeofarticulation发音部位plosive爆破音polysemy多义性postpone后移prepose前移postvocalic元音后的pragmatics语用学predicate谓语predication述谓构造predicationanalysis述谓构造分析prefix前缀presprictive(grammar)规定语法presupposition前提proposition命题prepositionalcontent命题容protolanguage原始语psycholinguistics心理语言学puberty青春期qualifyingpredication修饰性述谓构造ReceivedPronunciation标准发音Recursiveness循环性Reference所指语义referringexpression所指名词register语域relationalopposites关系反义词representation表达；呈现..word.zl.\n..representatives阐述类response反响retroflex卷舌音rewriterule重写规那么roundedvowel圆唇元音SAE标准美国英语sapir-Whorfhypothesis…假设secondlanguageacquisition第二语言习得segment切分成分semanticanomaly语义异体semanticdeviation语义变异semanticbroadening语义广义化semanticnarrowing语义狭义化semanticshift语义演变semantics语义学semanticstructure语义构造semantictriangle语义三角sense意义sequentialrule序列规那么setting背景；环境sexistlanguage性别歧视语sibilant咝音simplesentence简单句Sino-Tibetan汉藏语系situationaldialect语域方言sociolect社会方言sociolinguistics社会语言学softpalate软腭species-specificcapacity物种特有能力specifier指示语spectrograph频谱仪speechact言语行为speechmunity言语社区speechvariety言语变体S-structure表层构造standardlanguage标准语stem词干stimulus刺激stop爆破音stress重音structuralconstituency构造成分性..word.zl.\n..structurallinguistics构造主义语言学subject主语subordinatepredication主从述谓性构造subscript下标subvocalpredication无声言语suffix后缀superordinate上坐标词suprasegmentalfeature超切分特征surfacestructure表层构造synchroniclinguistics共时语言synonymy同义词syntacticambiguity句法歧义syntacticcategory句法类型syntacticrule句法规那么syntax句法tabooword禁忌词targetlanguage目标语tautology同义反复teethridge齿龈隆骨telegraphicspeech电报式言语tenseandaspect时和体tensevowel紧元音tone音调；声调tonelanguage声调语言topic话题；主题transfer转移Transformational-GenerativeGrammar转换生成语法transformationalrule转换规那么treediagram树形图two-placepredication双位述谓构造unaspirated不送气underextension扩展缺乏UniversalGrammar普遍语法Utterance话语utterancemeaning话语意义uvula小舌validity有效性..word.zl.\n..variable变项velar软腭音velum软腭vernacular本地话；本国语vocalcord声带voiced浊音化的voiceless不带音的，清音的voicing带音化，浊音化vowel元音Wernicke’sarea韦尼克区wideningofmeaning词义扩大X-bartheoryX标杆理论..word.zl.