英语语言学试题2 4页

英语语言学试题(2)一、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中，选出一个正确答案，并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。每小题2分，共20分)1.Thepairofwords“lencTand"borrow'are・()A.gradableoppositesB.relationaloppositesC.co-hyponymsD.synonyms2.ThediscoveryofIndo-EuropeanlanguagefamilybeganwiththeworkoftheBritishscholar.()A.JacobGrimmB.RasmusRaskC.FranzBoppD.SirWilliamJones3.AlinguistregardsthechangesinIanguageandIanguageuseas_.()A.unusualB.somethingtobefearedC.abnormalD.natural4._roducefastandfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciationbutthecontentoftheirspeechrangesfrommildlyinappropriatetocompletenonsense,oftenasunintelligible.()A.Broca'saphasicB.ThelinguisticdeprivationC.ThedamageontheangulargyrusD.Wernickelsaphasic5.SomeSouthernlearnersofEnglishinChinatendtosayFight”as“light”.Thisshows:・()A.Theycannotpronounce/n/B」nterlangueinterferencebecausethereisnotthesound/n/intheirmothertongueC.TheteachersdonothaveagoodteachingmethodD.Theydonotliketopronouncenasalsounds6.Awordwithseveralmeaningsiscalled_word.()A.apolysemousB.asynonymousC.anabnormalD.amultiple7.Thefunctionofthesentence“Aniceday,isrftit?”is—.()A.informativeB.phaticC.directiveD.performative8.ThemostrecognizabledifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharein_andvocabulary.()A.usageB.grammarC.pronunciationD.structure9.—dealswiththewayinwhichaIanguagevariesthroughgeographicalspace.()A丄inguisticgeographyB.LexicologyC.LexicographyD.Sociolinguistics10.ThesemanticcomponentsofthewordugentlemarTcanbeexpressedas—.()A.+animate,+male,+humarvadult\nA.+animate,+male,+human,+adultB.+animate,-male,+human,-adultC.+animate,・male,+human,+adult二、填空题(每空1分，共10分).Asentenceisastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprisesanumberofwtoformacompletestatement,qorcommand・12」nsociolinguisticstudies,speakersaretreatedasmembersofs_g・13.Utteraneeisbasedon;itistherealizationoftheabstractmeaningofasenteneeinarealsituationofcommunication,orsimplyinacontext.14.Tomanypeople,alinguististhesameasa,onewhocanspeakseverallanguagesfluently・15・Consonantsoundscanbeeithervorv_,whileallvowelsoundsarev.三、判断说明题(判断下列各小题，正确的在题后括号内写“T”，错的写“F”，并说明理由。每小题2分，共20分)16.Allwordsmaybesaidtocontainarootmorpheme.()17.Tenseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.()18.Linguisticsisthecourseoflanguage.()19.Thepartofasentencewhichcompriesecomprisesaninfiniteverboraverbphraseisgrammaticallycalledpredicate』)20.Historicallinguisticsequalstothestudyofsynchronicstudy.()21.Thetermdialect,asatechnicalterminlinguistics,carriesvaluejudgementandnotsimplyreferstoadistinetformoflanguage.()22.Morphologyistranslatedas形态学。()23.Theword^photographically"ismadeupof4morphemes.()24.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageisallomorph.()25.Semanticsisthemainpartoflinguistics.f)四、名词解释(每小题3分，共30分)\n26.generallinguistics27.suprasegmentalfeatures28.rootandstem29.hierarchicalstructure30.namingtheoryandconceptualistview31・maximsofqualityandmariner32.blending33.sociolect34.subvocalspeech35.contrastiveanalysis五、论述题(每小题10分，共20分)36.Paraphraseeachofthefollowingsentencesintwodifferentwaystoshowthesyntacticrulesaccountfortheambiguityofsentences・(1)Theshootingofthehuntersmightbeterrible・(2)Hesawyoungmenandwomenpresent.(3)Theyweresurprisedatthepresidentsappointment.37.Decidethemeaningofthefollowingaffixesandgiveeachaffixtwoexamples・re・un-anti-super-・wise-itis-ize•age一、单项选择题(每小题2分，共20分)1.B2.D3.D4.D5.B6.A7.B8.C9.A10.B二、填空题(每空1分，共10分)11・wordsquestion12.socialgroups13.sentencemeaning14.polyglot15.voicelessvoicedvoiced三、判断说明题(每小题2分，共20分)16.T17.F(Senseandreference...)\n12.F(scientificstudyoflanguage)13.F(finiteverb...)14.F(diachronic)21・F(novaluejudgement)22.T23.T24.F(morpheme)25.F(oneoftheparts)四、名词解释(每小题3分，共30分)26.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalledgenerallinguistics・27.Thephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegments.28.Thebaseformofaword;theexistingformtowhichaderivationalaffixcanbeadded・29.Thesentencestructurethatgroupswordsintostructuralconstituentsandshowsthesyntacticcategoriesofeachstructuralconstituent,suchasNPandVP.30.ThewordsofaIanguagearelabelsoftheobjectstheystandfor;alinguisticformislinkedthroughconceptstowhatitrefersto.31.Donotsaywhatyoubelievetobefalseorwithoutadequateevident;Avoidobscurityofexpressionandambiguity,bebriefandorderly・32.Aprocessofforminganewwordbycombiningpartsofotherwords.33.Avarietyoflanguagesusedbyasocialclass・34.ThoughtwhenitisclosetoIanguage・35.AcomparativeproceduretoestablishlinguisticdifferencesbetweenIanguagesforteachingpurposes・五、论述题(每小题10分，共20分)36.(1)thehuntersareshooting;thehuntersareshot;(2)youngmenandyoungwomen;youngmenand(notyoung)women(3)thepresidentappointsothers;thepresidentisappointed.37.re-:again,e.g.retype,reorganizeun・：not,reverse,e.g.unhappy,unlockanti-:against,ant卜drug,anti-imperialismsuper-greaterthanusual,e.g.superpower,superman・wise:inthemannerof,e.g.clockwise,moneywise-itis:infection.e.g.bronchitis,arthritis-ize:makeinto,e.g.realize,modernize-age:process・e.g・mileage,linkage