语言学平时测验1 4页

QuizI.TrueorFalse(50%)1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.(T)2.Linguisticsstudiesparticularlanguage,notlanguageingeneral.(F)3.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguiststhink.(F)4.Inthestudyoflinguistics,hypothesesformedshouldbebasedonlanguagefactsandcheckedagainsttheobservedfacts.(T)5.Phoneticsisdifferentfromphonologyinthatthelatterstudiesthecombinationsofthesoundstoconveymeaningincommunication.(T)6.Morphologystudieshowwordscanbeformedtoproducemeaningfulsentences.(F)7.Englishisatypicaltonelanguage.(F)8.ThebasicprincipleofIPAisusingadifferentletterforeachdistinguishablespeechsound.(F)9.Bothphonologyandphoneticsarestudiesofspeechsound.(T)10.Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying”afeatureofasequentialphoneme,thusmakingthetwophonessimilar.(T)11.Thewritingsystemofalanguageisalwaysalaterinventionusedtorecordspeech;thustherearestillmanylanguagesintoday’sworldthatcanonlybespoken,butnotwriting.(F)12.Theopen-classwordsincludeprepositions.(F)13.InclassifyingtheEnglishconsonantsandvowels,thesamecriteriacanbeapplied.(F)14.Bysynchronywemeantostudylanguagechangeanddevelopment.(F)15.Parolereferstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.(F)16.Onlywordsofthesamepartsofspeechcanbecombinedtoformcompounds.(T)17.Animalcallsystemsarenotgeneticallytransmitted.(F)18.TheEnglishspellingexactlyrepresentsitspronunciation.(F)19.Thenumberofclosedclasswordsisstableforever.(F)20.Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying”afeatureofasequentialphoneme,  thusmakingthetwophonessimilar.(   T )21.Thepartofspeechofthecompoundisalwaysdeterminedbythepartofspeechofthesecondelement,withoutexception.(   F )22.Aproductivemorphologicalrulecanbeappliedtoallwords.(F)23.Sometimesderivationcanapplymorethanonceanditispossibletocreate\nmultiplelevelsofwordstructure.(T)24.Bothinflectionalmorphemesandderivationalmorphemesareboundmorphemes.(T)25.Themeaningofacompoundcanbederivedfromthemeaningsofitsconstituentmorphemes.(F)II.MultipleChoiceItems(50%)1.Languageuserscansendmessageswhichnooneelsehaseversentbefore,whichresultsfrom________oflanguage.(B)A.displacementB.productivityC.arbitrarinessD.universality2.Intermsofmannerofarticulation,theEnglishconsonants[1]and[r]areclassifiedas________.(A)A.liquidsB.affricatesC.stopsD.fricatives3.Themorpheme“-al”inthecommonword“literal”isa(n)_______.(B)A.rootB.derivationalaffixC.inflectionalaffixD.freemorpheme4.Oftenreferredtoasadesignfeatureoflanguage,________enablesspeakerstoproduceandunderstandaninfinitenumberofsentencesthattheyhaveneitherspokennorheardbefore.(B)A.dualityB.productivityC.displacementD.arbitrariness5.________phoneticiansstudyspeechsoundsfromthespeaker’spointofview.Theystudytheprocessofhowaspeakeruseshis/herspeechorganstoproducesounds.()A.ArticulatoryB.AuditoryC.AcousticD.General6.Morphemessuchas-er,-en,in-areallcalled________.()A.freemorphemesB.inflectionalmorphemesC.affixesD.roots7.Thereisadifferencebetweenwhatweknow,whichisourlinguisticcompetence,andhowweusethisknowledgeinactualspeechproductionand______,whichisourlinguisticperformance.()A.creationB.communicationC.comprehensionD.perception8.Thesoundsthatbeginandendthewordschurchandjudgearevoicelessandvoiced______,respectively.()\nA.affricatesB.stopsC.velarsD.liquids9.Morphemeswhichrepresentsuchgrammaticalcategoriesasnumber,tense,gender,andcasearecalled_______morphemes.()A.freeB.boundC.derivationalD.inflectional10.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe_______.()A.prescriptiveB.analyticC.descriptiveD.linguistics11.Modernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageas______.()A.primaryB.correctC.secondaryD.stable12.Ahistoricalstudyoflanguageisa______studyoflanguage.()A.synchronicB.diachronicC.prescriptiveD.comparative13.Languageissaidtobearbitrarybecausethereisnologicalconnectionbetween________andmeaning.()A.senseB.soundsC.objectsD.ideas14.Thedistinctionbetweenvowelsandconsonantsliesin______.()A.theplaceofarticulationB.theobstructionofairstreamC.thepositionofthetongueC.theshapeofthelips15.Whatphoneticfeaturedistinguishesthe“p”in“please”andthe“p”in“speak”?()A.voicingB.aspirationC.roundnessD.nasality16.ThefamousquotationfromShakespeare’splay“RomeoandJuliet”“Arosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet”wellillustrates_______.()A.thearbitrarynatureoflanguageB.thecreativenatureoflanguageC.theuniversalityoflanguageD.thebigdifferencebetweenhumanlanguageandanimalcommunication17.Ofthefollowingsoundcombination,only______ispermissibleaccordingtothesequentialrulesofphonologyinEnglish.()A.bilkB.bkilC.ilkbD.ilbk18.Whattheelement“-es”indicatesisthirdpersonsingular,presenttense,theelement“-ed”pasttense,and“-ing”progressiveaspect.Sincetheyarethesmallestunitoflanguageandmeaningful,theyarealso_______.()A.phonemesB.morphemesC.allophonesD.phones19.Thestudyoflanguageasawholeisoftencalled_______linguistics.()A.particularB.generalC.ordinaryD.generative20.Theword“boyish”containstwo_______.()A.morphemesB.morphsC.phonemesD.allophones21.Asmodernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,andnottolaydownrulesfor“correct”linguisticsbehavior,itissaidtobe______.()A.prescriptiveB.sociolinguisticC.descriptiveD.psycholinguistics22.Ofallthespeechorgans,the______is/arethemostflexible.()\nA.mouthB.lipsC.tongueD.vocalcords23.Themorpheme“vision”inthecommonword“television”isa(n)______.()A.boundmorphemeB.boundformC.inflectionalmorphemeD.freemorpheme24.Intermsoftheplaceofarticulation,thefollowingsounds[t][d][s][z][n]sharethefeatureof________.()A.palatalB.alveolarC.bilabialD.dental25.AccordingtoChomsky,_______istheidealuser’sinternalizedknowledgeofhislanguage.()A.competenceB.paroleC.performanceD.langueAnswersheetI.1-5:TFFTT6-10:FFFTT11-15:FFFFF16-20TFFFT21-25:FFTTFII.1-5:BABBC6-10:CBADD11-15:BBBBB16-20AACBA21-25:CBDBA