语言学练习题 12页

美少女六人组——拯救地球1.Alinguistisinterestedinwhatissaid，notwhathethinksoughttobesaid，therefore，alinguisticnotprefertobea（n）______offacts。BA.observerB.judgeC.analyserD.recorder2.ThedesignfeaturesofhumanlanguageincludethefollowingfeaturesexceptedBA.dualityofstructureB.geneticfeatureC.arbitrarnessD.displacement3.Whichofthefollowingisafront,closeandunroundedvowelBA[u:]B[i:]C[u]D[a:]4.Whichofthefollowingformsaminimalpart?DA.fearpearB.tippitC.foodfootD.killtill5.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisaninflectionalmorpheme?AA.booksB.renameC.activeD.sleepy6.Whichofthefollowingunderlinepartsinaboundmorpheme？AA.relationshipB.bedroomC.milkmanD.childlike7.Whichofthefollowingworddoesnotbelongtotheopenclasses？CA.hateB.ableC.theD.rpidly8.thewordunreliableconsistsof__syllablesasagainst__morphemes.AA.four/threeB.five/twoC.five/threeD.three/five9.Whichofthefollowingistheheadofthephraseoftenreadsciencefictions?A.oftenB.readCD\n10.Thewords“subway”and“underground”are____synonyms.BA.nearB.dialectalC.collocationally-restrictedD.stylistic11.Theword“long”and“short”are_______oppositesAA.gradableB.ungradableCrelationalDcomplementary12.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectcomponentialanalysisoftheword“milk”?DA.+drinks－liquid－countableB.+food－solid+countableC.+food+solid+countableD.+drinks+liquid－countable13.“it’scold”isa___--placepredication.AA.noB.oneC.twoD.three14.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationsbetween”HepaidavisittoJapan.”and”HepaidavisittoEastAsia.”CA.TheformerissynonymouswiththelatterB.TheformerisinconsistentwiththelatterC.TheformerentailsthelatterD.Theformerpresupposesthelatter15.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationsbetween“Alice’sbrotherisintheUK.”And“Alicehasabrother.”?DA.TheformerissynonymouswiththelatterB.TheformerisinconsistentwiththelatterC.TheformerentailsthelatterD.Theformerpresupposesthelatter\n16.therelationbetween“furniture”and“chair”is___CA.homophonyB.homographyC.hyponymyD.complementary17.“Father”and“daughter”are＿CA.gradableantonymsB.ungradableoppositesC.relationaloppositesD.complementarysynonyms18.whichofthefollowingisarepresentative?DA.you’dbettergotoseeadoctorB.IpromisetobuyyousomethingwhenIcomebackC.InowdeclarethemeetingcloseD.Ihaveneverseenthemanbefore19.whichofthefollowingisacommissiveB.Iwillbringyouthebooktomorrowwithoutfail.20.Theword‘mike’isaC.clippedword21.Whichofthefollowingwordisnotacoinedword?DA.dacronB.kodakC.xeroxD.gym22.“Upyougo,chaps”belongsto＿languageAA.intimateB.frozenC.consultativeD.casual23.thelinguistthatdistinguishesthreesocialvariables(Field,Mode,Tenor)thatdeterminetheregisteris___.BA.ChomskyB.HallidayC.BloomfieldD.Firth\n24.TheGreatWallbelongsto___culture.(A)A.materialB.spiritualC.folkD.noneoftheabove25.Languageacquisitionreferstothechild’sacquisitionofhis_A_A.firstlanguageB.secondlanguageC.foreignlanguageD.targetlanguage26.Thefirstconsonantthechildcanmakearemadewiththelipsandtheyare___________BA[pbn]B[pbm]C[tdn]D[tdm]27.Ifthechildcallsallmen“daddy”,thenwemaysaythechildhas＿themeaningoftheword“daddy”?BA.overgeneralizedB.overextendedC.overusedD.overstressed28.Thenativistviewoflanguageacquisitionisheldby__BA.BloomfieldB.ChomskyC.SaussureD.Skinner29.Instancesofmothertongueinterferencecanbefoundatthelevelof__D.alloftheabove(pronunciation,syntax,vocabulary)30.whichofthefollowingsentencesisanexampleofovergeneralization?D.Janesuggestedmetogiveupsmoking1.Amodernlinguistdiffersfromatraditionalgrammarianinthattheformer_D_A.acceptswhatothers’opinionseasilyB.judgewhetherpeopleusegoodlanguageC.seesthewrittenlanguageasprimaryD.tendstobearecorderoffacts\n2.Thedesignfeaturesofhumanlanguageincludethefollowingfeaturesexcept＿AA.dialecticsB.productivityC.arbitrarnessD.displacement3.whichofthefollowingisNOTasuprasegmentalfeature?DA.toneB.intonationC.stressD.stops4.Whichofthefollowingpairsofsoundsisaminimalpair?(D)A.fearteaB.ittipC.loselossD.meetmeat5.Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisaninflectionalmorpheme？AA.readingB.prefaceC.activityD.purity6.Whichofthefollowingunderlinepartsisaboundmorpheme？AA.relationshipB.bedroomC.milkmanD.childlike7.Whichofthefollowingworddoesnotbelongtotheopenclasses？BA.youB.areC.aD.on8.Thewordfeasibilityconsistsof__syllablesasagainst__morphemes.BA.four/threeB.five/twoC.two/threeD.three/five9.Whichofthefollowingistheheadofthephrase“thejobtobedone”?(B)A.theB.jobC.toD.done10.Theword“learner”and“freshman”constitutetherelationshipof__A.synonymy\n11.Theword“rain”and“reign”are______AA.homophonesB.homographysC.partialhyponymysD.completehomonyons12.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectcomponentialanalysisoftheword“infant”?CA.+human+adult+maleB.+human－adult+maleC.+human－adult±maleD.+human－adult－male13.Ineedabook”isa___--placepredication.BA.noB.oneC.twoD.three14.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationsbetween“Heknowsallhisclassmateswell”and“HeknowsJohn(oneofhisclassmates)well’’?(C)A.TheformerissynonymouswiththelatterB.TheformerisinconsistentwiththelatterC.TheformerentailsthelatterD.Theformerpresupposesthelatter15.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationsbetween“ismydressbeautiful?’and“Ihaveadress”?......DA.TheformerissynonymouswiththelatterB.TheformerisinconsistentwiththelatterC.TheformerentailsthelatterD.Theformerpresupposesthelatter\n16.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationsbetwween“Ilenthimmybike ”and“Heborrowedmybike”AA.TheformerissynonymouswiththelatterB.TheformerisinconsistentwiththelatterC.TheformerentailsthelatterD.Theformerpresupposesthelatter17.Theword“holiday”weusetodayhasexperiencetheprocessof＿FromitsoriginalformAA.semanticwideningB.semanticnarrowingC.syntacticwideningD.syntacticnarrowing18.whichofthefollowingisacommissiveBA.you’dbettergotoseeadoctorB.IpromisetobuyyousomethingwhenIcomebackC.InowdeclarethemeetingcloseD.Ihaveneverseenthemanbefore19.whichofthefollowingisaexpressive?B.I’mreallysorrytohearthat.20.C同上2021.Whichofthefollowingwordsisnotacoinedword?DA.dacronB.kodakC.xeroxD.brunch22.“wouldyoupleasecometomyparty”belongsto＿languageA.intimateB.frozenC.consultativeD.casual\n23.thethreesocialvariablesthatdeterminetheregister,accordingtoM.A.K.Halliday,is_______.A.field,mode,tenorB.concept,context,senseC.reference,form,referentD.phonology,syntax,semantics24.TheEffelTowerbelongsto___culture.A.materialB.spiritualC.folkD.noneoftheabove25.Languageacquisitionreferstothechild’sacquisitionofhis_A_A.firstlanguage/motherlanguageB.secondlanguageC.foreignlanguageD.targetlanguage26.ThecriticalperiodHypothesissaysthatachildmayhavedifficultyinlearningasecondorforeignlanguagewithanaccentwhenheisovertheageof__A.8B.12C.18D.2027.Ifthechildcallsallwomen“mummy”,thenwemaysaythechildhas＿themeaningoftheword“mummy”?A.overgeneralizedB.overextendedC.overusedD.overstressed28.Thenativistviewoflanguageacquisitionisheldby__.(类似上28)A.BloomfieldB.SaussureC.ChomskyD.Halliday29.Instancesofmothertongueinterferencecanbefoundatthelevelof__D.alloftheabove(pronunciation,syntax,vocabulary)30.Whichofthefollowingsentenceisanexampleofovergeneralization?A.Hewenttohome.B.HewenttoschoolC.Hewenttotheshop.D.Hewenttotheriver.\nTorF31-50FFTFFFFFFFTTTFFTTTTFF31.Linguisticsdealswithaparticularlanguage.F32.Linguisticsisscientificbecauseitishelpfultolanguageuse.T33.thetaskofalinguististodiscoverthenatureandrulesoftheunderlyinglanguagesystem.F34.Linguisticsisgenerallydividedintogeneralandspecificlinguistics.F35.Generallinguisticsdealswiththegeneralaspectsoflanguageapplication.F36.GenerallinguisticsdoesnotstudytheoriesoflanguageF37.Phonologystudieshowasoundisproduced.F38.Morphologyisthestudyofsentences.F39.Syntaxisthestudyoftherulesofwords.F40.Semanticsisthestudyofwordmeaning.T41.PragmaticsisthestudyofmeaningincontextoflanguageuseT42.sociolinguisticsdealswiththerelationbetweenlanguageandsociety.T43.Psycholinguisticsdealswiththerelationoflanguagetopsychology.F44.Appliedlinguisticsmeansthelanguageapplicationtospecificareas.F45.Synchroniclinguisticsdealswithaseriesoflanguagephenomenaatthesametime.共时语言学T46.diachroniclinguisticsisalsocalledhistoricallinguistics.T47.ParoleisaFrenchword,itmeanstheconcretelanguageevents.T48.F.deSaussurewasaSwisslinguist.T49.N.chomskyisanAmericanlinguist.\nF50.Chomskyregardscompetenceasanactofdoingthingswithasentence.31-50FFTTFFTFFTFTFFFFTTTTF31.Themorpheme“-or”in“actor”isaninflectionalmorphemeF32.The－“s”in“works”of“heworkshard”isaboundmorphemme.T33.CompoundingisaverycommonandfrequentprocessforenlargingthevocabularyoftheEnglishlanguage.T34.InXP,XreferstoanysuchheadasN,V,AorP.F35.In“abookaboutghosts”，thecomplementis“ghosts”T36.InTG,determinerisoftenwrittenasDetF37.Hyponymyisarelationofexclusionofmeaning.F38.thewords‘flat’and‘apartment’arestylisticsynonyms.T40.“Maryissingle”isinconsistentwith“Maryismarried”F41.ContextreferstotherelationbetweenlinesorparagraphsofatextT42.AccordingtoAustin“heisaboy”isaconstatives.T43.‘Openthedoor’isadirective.F44.“Ifireyou!”isacommissive.F45.“Iwillreturnthebooktoyousoon.”isanexpressive.F46.“Donotsaywhatyoubelievetobefale”isamaximofrelationT47.Pidginscamefromablendingofafewlanguage.T48.Differentstylesofthesamelanguagecanberevealedthroughdifferencesatsyntactic,lexicalandphonologicallevels.T49.M.A.K.HallidayisaBritishlinguist.\nT50.Theuseofsuchsentenceas‘Iain’tafraidofnoghosts’tomean“I’mnotafraidofghosts”isoneofthesyntacticfeaturesofBlackEnglish55.whatissociolinguistics?56.Whatisspeechacttheory?57.Whatarethedifferencebetweenasentenceandutterance?58.WhatisBilingualism?p122Bilingualismreferstoalinguisticsituationinwhichtwostandardlanguagesareusedeitherbyanindividualorbyagroupofspeakers,suchastheinhabitantsofaparticularregionornation.59.whatcausesthelanguagechange?60.WhatarethedifferencesbetweenPragmaticsandSemantics?55.whatarethelinguisticcompetenceandperformancebyChomsky?p556.Whatarethedifferencesbetweensentencemeaningandutterancemeaning?57.WhataretheAustin’snewmodelofspeechacts?58.WhatarethefourmaximsproposedbyPaulGrice,alogicianandphilosopher?59.WhatarethePolitenessprinciplebyLeech?TheyareTactMaxim,GenerosityMaxim,ApprobationMaxim,ModestyMaxim,AgreementMaximandSympathyMaxim.60.Whatarethethreerecenttrendsoflanguageinchange？\n名词解释一.1.Morphology:referstothepartofthepartofthegrammarthatisconcernedwithwordformationandwordstructure2.speechcommunity:refertoacommunitybasedonlanguage.3.Arbitrariness:thereisnologicalconnectionbetweenmeaningsandsounds.Agoodexampleisthefactthatdifferentsoundsareusedtorefertothesameobjectindifferentlanguage,butitisnotentirelyarbitrary.4.perlocutionaryact:istheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething.P81二.1.speechacttheory:Q562.historicallinguistics:asabranchoflinguistics,ismainlyconcernedwithboththedescriptionandexplanationoflanguagechangesthatoccurredovertime.3.linguistics:isasciencetostudytherulesoflanguage.p14.Freemorphemes:amorphemewhichcanbeawordbyitselfiscalledfreemorphemes.