管理经济学02252 4页

1.a.b.ThescatterdiagramsuggestsafunctionalformforTVC,becausethe\nequationofTVCisacubicspecificationTVC=aQ+bQ2+cQ3,whichconformstotheS-shapedTVCcurveinabovescatterdiagram.c.ThescatterdiagramofAVCsuggestsafunctionalformforAVC=a+bQ+CQ2,becausethiscurveisU-shaped,whichisconformedtotheshapeofAVC.d.\nAVC=32.04481-0.0010801Q+0.000000312Q2Aftertheestimateswereobtained,theestimatedcoefficientshadthetheoreticallyrequiredsigns:a>0,b<0,c>0.Thep-valuefora、cindicatesthesignificanceleveloftheT-testcouldhavebeensetaslowas0.1percent,andthehypothesisthata=0、c=0couldberejected,butforb,thesignificancelevelshouldbesetabove10percent.BecauseR2=0.8404，theequationexplainsabout84percentofthetotalvariationinthedependentvariableAVC.e.TVC=32.04481Q-0.0010801Q2+0.000000312Q3AVC=32.04481-0.0010801Q+0.000000312Q2Aftertheestimateswereobtained,theestimatedcoefficientshadthetheoreticallyrequiredsigns:a>0,b<0,c>0.Thep-valueindicatesthata、carestaticallydifferentfrom0,butbisnot.BecauseR2=0.8404，theequationexplainsabout84percentofthetotalvariationinthedependentvariableAVC,sothequadraticspecificationisquitegoodoffit..2.a.ThelevelofoutputatwhichaveragevariablecostisminimizedisQm=-b/2c=0.0010801/0,000000624=1730.929487.AtthispointminimumAVC=32.04481-0.0010801×1730.929487+0.000000312×1730.929487^2=31.11Ifworldchippricesare$62perchip,becausep=62>minimumAVC,thefirmproducestheoutputatwhichSMC=P.\n62=32.04481-0.0021602Q+0.000000936Q2Q=6927.6014AVC=32.04481-0.0010801×6927.6014+0.000000312×6927.60142=39.53570601π=TR-TVC-TFC=62×6927.6014-39.53570601×6927.6014-6500=149123.6745b.Becausep=35>minimumAVC,thefirmproducestheoutputatwhichSMC=P.35=32.04481-0.0021602Q+0.000000936Q2Q=3272.646AVC=32.04481-0.0010801×3272.646+0.000000312×3272.646^2=36.85161115π=TR-TVC-TFC=35×3272.646-36.85161115×3272.646-6500=3803.5621773.HSEshutdownandproducenochipsintheshortrunifpricefallsbelowminimumAVC,thatis:P≤AVC=32.04481-0.0010801×1730.929487+0.000000312×1730.929487^2=31.11