语言学选择题练习 10页

语言学选择题练习III.TherearefourchoicesfollowingeachstatementMarkthechoicethatcanbestcompletethestatement:1.Themorpheme"vision"inthecommonword"television^isa(n)D・A.boundmorphemeB.boundformC.inflectionalmorphemeD.freemorpheme2.Thecompoundword“bookstore”istheplacewherebooksaresold.ThisindicatesthatthemeaningofacompoundD.A.isthesumtotalofthemeaningofitscomponentsB.canalwaysbeworkedoutbylookingatthemeaningsofmorphemesC.isthesameasthemeaningofafreephrase・D.Noneoftheabove・3.ThepartofspeechofthecompoundsisgenerallydeterminedbythepartofspeechofBA.thefirstelementB.thesecondelementC・eitherthefirstorthesecondelementD.boththefirstandthesecondelements4.Barethosethatcannotbeusedindependentlybuthavetobecombinedwithothermorphemes,eitherfreeorbound,toformaword・A.FreemorphemesB・BoundmorphemesC.BoundwordsD.Words5.Cisabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed・A・SyntaxB.GrammarC.MorphologyD.Morpheme6.ThemeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeisC.A.lexicalB.morphemicC・grammaticalD.semantic1.BoundmorphemesarethosethatD・\nA.havetobeusedindependentlyB・cannotbecombinedwithothermorphemesA.caneitherbefreeorboundB.havetobecombinedwithothermorphemes8.Amodifythemeaningofthestem,butusuallydonotchangethepartofspeechoftheoriginalword.A.PrefixesB.SuffixesC.RootsD.Affixes9.Bareoftenthoughttobethesmallestmeaningfulunitsoflanguagebythelinguists.A.WordsB.MorphemesC・PhonemesD.Sentences10."-s"intheword“books"is—C・A.aderivativeaffixB.astemC・aninflectionalaffixD.aroot11Ofallthespeechorgans,theCis/arethemostflexible・A.mouthB.lipsC・tongueD.vocalcords12.Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare—A_sounds.A.voicelessB・voicedC.vowelD.consonantal13.Bisavoicedalveolarstop.A./z/B./d/C./k/D./b/14.Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying'®featureofasequential\nphoneme,thusmakingthetwophonesD・A.identicalB.sameC.exactlyalikeD.similar12.Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurinthesameenvironmentsandtheycandistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobeA・A.inphonemiccontrastB.incomplemerHarydistributionC・theallophonesD.minimalpair13.Thesound/f/isD.A.voicedpalatalaffricateB.voicedalveolarstopC.voicelessvelarfricativeD.voicelesslabiodentalfricative14.A—C—vowelisonethatisproducedwiththefrontpartofthetonguemaintainingthehighestposition.A.backB.centralC.frontD.middle1&Distinctivefeaturescanbefoundrunningoverasequenceoftwoormorephonemicsegments.ThephonemicfeaturesthatoccurabovethelevelofthesegmentsarecalledC—.A.phoneticcomponentsB.immediateconstituentsC.suprasegmentalfeaturesD.semanticfeatures19.A(n)Disaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue・Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.A.phoneB.soundC・allophoneD.Phoneme20.Thedifferentphoneswhichcanrepresentaphonemeindifferentphoneticenvironmentsarecalledthe_D_ofthatphoneme・A.phonesB.sounds\nC・phonemesD.allophones2LIfalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobeC—.A.prescriptiveB・analyticC・descriptiveD.linguistic22.ModernlinguisticsregardsthewrittenlanguageasC•A.primaryB・correctC.secondaryD.stable23.Ahistoricalstudyoflanguageisa_Bstudyoflanguage・A.synchronicB・diachronicC・prescriptiveD・comparative24.AccordingtoEdeSaussure,Creferstotheabstractlinguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunity.A.paroleB.performanceC.langueD.Language25.Languagecanbeusedtorefertocontextsremovedfromtheimmediatesituationsofthespeaker.ThisfeatureiscalledA,A.displacementB・dualityC・flexibilityD.culturaltransmission26.Ofallthespeechorgans,the—Cis/arethemostflexible.A.mouthB・lipsC.tongueD.vocalcords27.Thesoundsproducedwithoutthevocalcordsvibratingare_A_sounds・A.voicelessB・voicedC・vowelD.consonantal28.Since/p/and/b/arephoneticallysimilar,occurinthesameenvironmentsandtheycandistinguishmeaning,theyaresaidtobeA•A.inphonemiccontrastB.incomplementarydistributionA.theallophonesD.minimalpair29・A_C_vowelisonethatisproducedwiththefrontpartofthetonguemaintainingthehighestposition・A.backB.centralC.frontD.middle30.A(n)Disaunitthatisofdistinctivevalue・Itisanabstractunit,acollectionofdistinctivephoneticfeatures.A.phoneB.soundC・allophoneD.phoneme31•Themorpheme"vision"inthecommonword"television^isa(n)D・\nA.boundmorphemeB・boundformC.inflectionalmorphemeD・freemorpheme32.Thecompoundword“bookstore”istheplacewherebooksaresold.ThisindicatesthatthemeaningofacompoundD.A.isthesumtotalofthemeaningofitscomponentsB.canalwaysbeworkedoutbylookingatthemeaningsofmorphemesC・isthesameasthemeaningofafreephrase.A.Noneoftheabove.33.Cisabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandtherulesbywhichwordsareformed・A.SyntaxB.GrammarC.MorphologyD.Morpheme34.ThemeaningcarriedbytheinflectionalmorphemeisC.A.lexicalB・morphemicC.grammaticalD.semantic35.Amodifythemeaningofthestem,butusuallydonotchangethepartofspeechoftheoriginalword.A.PrefixesB.SuffixesC.RootsD.Affixes36.Asentenceisconsidered—D—whenitdoesnotconformtothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers・A.rightB.wrongC・grammaticalD.ungrammatical37.Phrasestructureruleshave—A—properties.A.recursiveB.grammaticalC・socialD.functional38.PhrasestructurerulesallowustobetterunderstandD.A・howwordsandphrasesformsentences.B・whatconstitutesthegrammaticalityofstringsofwordsC.howpeopleproduceandrecognizepossiblesentencesD.Alloftheabove.39.SyntacticmovementisdictatedbyrulestraditionallycalledA・A.transformationalrulesB・generativerulesC・phrasestructurerulesD.x-bartheory40.ThesentencestructureisD.A.onlylinearB.onlyhierarchicalC・complexD.bothlinearandhierarchical41.Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguageare—C—innumber.A.largeB.smallC.finiteD・infinite\n32.TheDrulesaretherulesthatgroupwordsandphrasestoformgrammaticalsentences.A.lexicalB.morphologicalC.linguisticD.combinational33.“Weshallknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps.95ThisstatementrepresentsB・A.theconceptualistviewB.contexutalismC.thenamingtheoryD.behaviourism34.“CanIborrowyourbike?"D—“Youhaveabike."A.issynonymouswithB.isinconsistentwithC・entailsD・presupposes45・Bisawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures・A.PredicationanalysisB・ComponentialanalysisC・PhonemicanalysisD.Grammaticalanalysis46."Alive”and"dead”areC.A.gradableantonymsB.relationaloppositesC・complementaryantonymsD.Noneoftheabove47.Creferstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.A.PolysemyB.SynonymyC.HomonymyD.Hyponymy48.WordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalledD.A.homonymsB.polysemyC・hyponymsD.synonyms49.Adoesnotstudymeaninginisolation,butincontex匸A.PragmaticsB.SemanticsC・SenserelationD・Concept50.WhatessentiallydistinguishessemanticsandpragmaticsiswhetherinthestudyofmeaningDisconsidered・A.referenceB・speechactC.practicalusageD.context51.AsentenceisaBconcept,andthemeaningofasentenceisoftenstudiedinisolation.A.pragmaticB.grammaticalC.mentalD・conceptual52.Ifwethinkofasentenceaswhatpeopleactuallyutterinthecourseofcommunication,itbecomesa(n)C.A.constativeB・directiveC.utteranceD・expressive\n46.Whichofthefollowingistrue?BA.Utterancesusuallydonottaketheformofsentences・B.Someutterancescannotberestoredtocompletesentences.C.Noutterancescantaketheformofsentences.D.Allutterancescanberestoredtocompletesentences・47.Cistheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething;itistheconsequenceof,orthechangebroughtaboutbytheutterance・A.AlocutionaryactB.AnillocutionaryactC・AperlocutionaryactD・Aperformativeact48.Alltheactsthatbelongtothesamecategorysharethesamepurpose,buttheydifferc.A.intheirillocutionaryacts.B.intheirintentionsexpressedA.intheirstrengthorforceD・intheireffectbroughtabout49.Whenanyofthemaximsunderthecooperativeprincipleisflouted,Dmightarise.A.impolitenessB.contradictionsC・mutualunderstandingD・conversationalimplicatures50.EnglishlanguagebelongstoA.A.Indo-EuropeanFamilyB.Sino-TibetanFamilyC.AustronesianFamilyD.AfroasiaticFamily51.Whichofthefollowingisnotadesignfeatureofhumanlanguage?A.ArbitrarinessB.DisplacementC.DualityD.Meaningfulness52.Inmodernlinguistics,speechisregardedasmorebasicthanwriting,because•A.inlinguisticevolution,speechispriortowritingB.speechplaysagreaterrolethanwritinginteimsoftheamountofinformationconveyedC.speechisalwaysthewayinwhicheverynativespeakeracquireshismothertongueD.Alloftheabove53.Languageissaidtobearbitrarybecausethereisnologicalconnectionbetweenandmeanings.A.senseB.soundsC.objectsD.ideas54.Asentenceisconsideredwhenitdoesnotconformtothegrammaticalknowledgeinthemindofnativespeakers.A.rightB.wrong\nA.grammaticalB.ungrammatical46.Aintheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthatintroducestheembeddedclause・A.coordinatorB.particleC.prepositionD.subordinator63-Phrasestructureruleshaveproperties・A.recursiveB.grammaticalC.socialD.functional64.Phrasestructurerulesallowustobetterunderstand・A.howwordsandphrasesformsentences・B.whatconstitutesthegrammaticalityofstringsofwordsC.howpeopleproduceandrecognizepossiblesentencesD.Alloftheabove.65・Syntacticmovementisdictatedbyrulestraditionallycalled・A.transformationalrulesB.generativerulesC.phrasestructurerulesD.x-bartheory66.Thetheoryofcaseconditionaccountsforthefactthat・A.nounphrasesappearonlyinsubjectandobjectpositions・B.nounphrasescanbeusedtomodifyanothernounphraseC.nounphrasecanbeusedinadverbialpositionsD.nounphrasecanbemovedtoanyplaceifnecessary.67.Thesentencestructureis.A.onlylinearA.OnlyhierarchicalB.complexC.bothlinearandhierarchical68.Thesyntacticrulesofanylanguageareinnumber.A.largeB.sm汕\nA.finiteB.infinite66.Therulesaretherulesthatgroupwordsandphrasestoformgrammaticalsentences.A.lexicalB.morphologicalC.linguisticD.combinational67.rulesmaychangethesyntacticrepresentationofasentenee.A.GenerativeB.TransformationalC.X-barD.Phrasestructure68.Thenamingtheoryisadvancedby・A.PlatoB.BloomfieldC.GeoffreyLeechD.Firth69.“Weshallknowawordbythecompanyitkeeps：Thisstatementrepresenis・A.theconceptualistviewB.contexutalismC.thenamingtheoryD.behaviourism70.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?A.Senseisconcernedwiththeinherentmeaningofthelinguisticform.B.Senseisthecollectionofallthefeaturesofthelinguisticform.C.Senseisabstractanddecontextualized・D.Senseistheaspectofmeaningdictionarycompilersarenotinterestedin.71."CanIborrowyourbike?”"Youhaveabike.”A.issynonymouswithB.isinconsistentwithC.entailsD.presupposes72.isawayinwhichthemeaningofawordcanbedissectedintomeaningcomponents,calledsemanticfeatures・A.PredicationanalysisB.ComponentialanalysisC.PhonemicanalysisD.Grammaticalanalysis\n66.“Alive”and“dead”are.A.gradableantonymsB.relationaloppositesC.complementaiyantonymsD.Noneoftheabove67.dealswiththerelationshipbetweenthelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.A.ReferenceB.ConceptC.SemanticsD.Sense68.referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.A.PolysemyB.SynonymyC.HomonymyD.Hyponymy69.Wordsthatarecloseinmeaningarecalled・A.homonymsB.polysemyC.hyponymsD.synonyms70.Thegrammaticalityofasentenceisgovernedby.A.grammaticalrulesB.selectionalrestrictionsC.semanticrulesD・semanticfeatures