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单片机C语言程序设计实例《单片机C语言程序设计实训100例—基于8051+Proteus仿真》案例第01篇基础程序设计01闪烁的LED/*名称：闪烁的LED说明：LED按设定的时间间隔闪烁*/#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintsbitLED=P1^0;//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;nwhile(x--){for(i=0;i<120;i++);}}//主程序voidmain(){while(1){LED=~LED;DelayMS(150);}}n02从左到右的流水灯/*名称：从左到右的流水灯说明：接在P0口的8个LED从左到右循环依次点亮，产生走马灯效果*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintn//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--){for(i=0;i<120;i++);}}//主程序voidmain(){P0=0xfe;while(1){nP0=_crol_(P0,1);//P0的值向左循环移动DelayMS(150);}}038只LED左右来回点亮/*名称：8只LED左右来回点亮说明：程序利用循环移位函数_crol_和_cror_形成来回滚动的效果*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint//延时voidDelayMS(uintx)n{uchari;while(x--){for(i=0;i<120;i++);}}//主程序voidmain(){uchari;P2=0x01;while(1){nfor(i=0;i<7;i++){P2=_crol_(P2,1);//P2的值向左循环移动DelayMS(150);}for(i=0;i<7;i++){P2=_cror_(P2,1);//P2的值向右循环移动DelayMS(150);}}}04花样流水灯n/*名称：花样流水灯说明：16只LED分两组按预设的多种花样变换显示*/#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintucharcodePattern_P0[]={0xfc,0xf9,0xf3,0xe7,0xcf,0x9f,0x3f,0x7f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xe7,0xdb,0xbd,0x7e,0xbd,0xdb,0xe7,0xff,0xe7,0xc3,0x81,0x00,0x81,0xc3,0xe7,0xff,0xaa,0x55,0x18,0xff,0xf0,0x0f,0x00,0xff,0xf8,0xf1,0xe3,0xc7,0x8f,0x1f,0x3f,0x7f,n0x7f,0x3f,0x1f,0x8f,0xc7,0xe3,0xf1,0xf8,0xff,0x00,0x00,0xff,0xff,0x0f,0xf0,0xff,0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0x7f,0xbf,0xdf,0xef,0xf7,0xfb,0xfd,0xfe,0xfe,0xfc,0xf8,0xf0,0xe0,0xc0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xc0,0xe0,0xf0,0xf8,0xfc,0xfe,0x00,0xff,0x00,0xff,0x00,0xff,0x00,0xff};ucharcodePattern_P2[]={0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xfe,0xfc,0xf9,0xf3,0xe7,0xcf,0x9f,0x3f,0xff,n0xe7,0xdb,0xbd,0x7e,0xbd,0xdb,0xe7,0xff,0xe7,0xc3,0x81,0x00,0x81,0xc3,0xe7,0xff,0xaa,0x55,0x18,0xff,0xf0,0x0f,0x00,0xff,0xf8,0xf1,0xe3,0xc7,0x8f,0x1f,0x3f,0x7f,0x7f,0x3f,0x1f,0x8f,0xc7,0xe3,0xf1,0xf8,0xff,0x00,0x00,0xff,0xff,0x0f,0xf0,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xfe,0xfd,0xfb,0xf7,0xef,0xdf,0xbf,0x7f,0x7f,0xbf,0xdf,0xef,0xf7,0xfb,0xfd,0xfe,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xfe,0xfc,0xf8,0xf0,0xe0,0xc0,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0xc0,0xe0,0xf0,0xf8,0xfc,0xfe,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,0xff,n0x00,0xff,0x00,0xff,0x00,0xff,0x00,0xff};//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--){for(i=0;i<120;i++);}}//主程序voidmain(){uchari;nwhile(1){//从数组中读取数据送至P0和P2口显示for(i=0;i<136;i++){P0=Pattern_P0[i];P2=Pattern_P2[i];DelayMS(100);}}}05LED模拟交通灯/*名称：LED模拟交通灯说明：东西向绿灯亮若干秒，黄灯闪烁5次后红灯亮，红灯亮后，南北向由红灯变为绿灯，若干秒后南北n向黄灯闪烁5此后变红灯，东西向变绿灯，如此重复。*/#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintsbitRED_A=P0^0;//东西向灯sbitYELLOW_A=P0^1;sbitGREEN_A=P0^2;sbitRED_B=P0^3;//南北向灯sbitYELLOW_B=P0^4;sbitGREEN_B=P0^5;ucharFlash_Count=0,Operation_Type=1;//闪烁次数，操作类型变量n//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--)for(i=0;i<120;i++);}//交通灯切换voidTraffic_Light(){switch(Operation_Type){case1://东西向绿灯与南北向红灯亮RED_A=1;YELLOW_A=1;GREEN_A=0;RED_B=0;YELLOW_B=1;GREEN_B=1;DelayMS(2000);nOperation_Type=2;break;case2://东西向黄灯闪烁，绿灯关闭DelayMS(300);YELLOW_A=~YELLOW_A;GREEN_A=1;if(++Flash_Count!=10)return;//闪烁5次Flash_Count=0;Operation_Type=3;break;case3://东西向红灯，南北向绿灯亮RED_A=0;YELLOW_A=1;GREEN_A=1;RED_B=1;YELLOW_B=1;GREEN_B=0;DelayMS(2000);Operation_Type=4;break;case4://南北向黄灯闪烁5次nDelayMS(300);YELLOW_B=~YELLOW_B;GREEN_B=1;if(++Flash_Count!=10)return;Flash_Count=0;Operation_Type=1;}}//主程序voidmain(){while(1)Traffic_Light();}06单只数码管循环显示0~9n/*名称：单只数码管循环显示0~9说明：主程序中的循环语句反复将0~9的段码送至P0口，使数字0~9循环显示*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xff};//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchart;while(x--)for(t=0;t<120;t++);n}//主程序voidmain(){uchari=0;P0=0x00;while(1){P0=~DSY_CODE[i];i=(i+1)%10;DelayMS(300);}}078只数码管滚动显示单个数字n/*名称：8只数码管滚动显示单个数字说明：数码管从左到右依次滚动显示0~7，程序通过每次仅循环选通一只数码管*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90};//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchart;while(x--)for(t=0;t<120;t++);nn}//主程序voidmain(){uchari,wei=0x80;while(1){for(i=0;i<8;i++){P2=0xff;//关闭显示wei=_crol_(wei,1);P0=DSY_CODE[i];//发送数字段码P2=wei;//发送位码DelayMS(300);}n}}088只数码管动态显示多个不同字符电路如上图/*名称：8只数码管动态显示多个不同字符说明：数码管动态扫描显示0~7。*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90};//延时voidDelayMS(uintx)n{uchart;while(x--)for(t=0;t<120;t++);}//主程序voidmain(){uchari,wei=0x80;while(1){for(i=0;i<8;i++){P0=0xff;P0=DSY_CODE[i];//发送段码wei=_crol_(wei,1);nP2=wei;//发送位码DelayMS(2);}}}098只数码管闪烁显示数字串电路如上图/*名称：8只数码管闪烁显示数字串说明：数码管闪烁显示由0~7构成的一串数字本例用动态刷新法显示一串数字，在停止刷新时所有数字显示消失。*/#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintn//段码表ucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90};//位码表ucharcodeDSY_IDX[]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80};//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchart;while(x--)for(t=0;t<120;t++);}//主程序voidmain(){uchari,j;nwhile(1){for(i=0;i<30;i++){for(j=0;j<8;j++){P0=0xff;P0=DSY_CODE[j];//发送段码P2=DSY_IDX[j];//发送位码DelayMS(2);}}P2=0x00;//关闭所有数码管并延时DelayMS(1000);}}nn108只数码管滚动显示数字串电路如上图/*名称：8只数码管滚动显示数字串说明：数码管向左滚动显示3个字符构成的数字串*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint//段码表ucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xff};//下面数组看作环形队列，显示从某个数开始的8个数（10表示黑屏）ucharNum[]={10,10,10,10,10,10,10,10,2,9,8};n//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchart;while(x--)for(t=0;t<120;t++);}//主程序voidmain(){uchari,j,k=0,m=0x80;while(1){//刷新若干次，保持一段时间的稳定显示for(i=0;i<15;i++){for(j=0;j<8;j++)n{//发送段码，采用环形取法，从第k个开始取第j个P0=0xff;P0=DSY_CODE[Num[(k+j)%11]];m=_crol_(m,1);P2=m;//发送位码DelayMS(2);}}k=(k+1)%11;//环形队列首支针k递增，Num下标范围0~10，故对11取余}}11K1-K4控制LED移位/*名称：K1-K4控制LED移位n说明：按下K1时，P0口LED上移一位；n按下K2时，P0口LED下移一位；按下K3时，P2口LED上移一位；按下K4时，P2口LED下移一位；*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--)for(i=0;i<120;i++);}//根据P1口的按键移动nLEDvoidMove_LED(){if((P1&0x10)==0)P0=_cror_(P0,1);//K1elseif((P1&0x20)==0)P0=_crol_(P0,1);//K2elseif((P1&0x40)==0)P2=_cror_(P2,1);//K3elseif((P1&0x80)==0)P2=_crol_(P2,1);//K4}//主程序voidmain(){ucharRecent_Key;//最近按键P0=0xfe;P2=0xfe;P1=0xff;Recent_Key=0xff;nwhile(1){if(Recent_Key!=P1){Recent_Key=P1;//保存最近按键Move_LED();DelayMS(10);}}}12K1-K4按键状态显示n/*名称：K1-K4按键状态显示说明：K1、K2按下时LED点亮，松开时熄灭，K3、K4按下并释放时LED点亮，再次按下并释放时熄灭；*/#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintsbitLED1=P0^0;sbitLED2=P0^1;sbitLED3=P0^2;sbitLED4=P0^3;sbitK1=P1^0;sbitK2=P1^1;sbitK3=P1^2;sbitK4=P1^3;n//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--)for(i=0;i<120;i++);}//主程序voidmain(){P0=0xff;P1=0xff;while(1){LED1=K1;LED2=K2;if(K3==0)n{while(K3==0);LED3=~LED3;}if(K4==0){while(K4==0);LED4=~LED4;}DelayMS(10);}}13K1-K4分组控制LEDn/*名称：K1-K4分组控制LED说明：每次按下K1时递增点亮一只LED，全亮时再次按下则再次循环开始，K2按下后点亮上面4只LED，K3按下后点亮下面4只LED，K4按下后关闭所有LED*/#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--)for(i=0;i<120;i++);}n//主程序voidmain(){uchark,t,Key_State;P0=0xff;P1=0xff;while(1){t=P1;if(t!=0xff){DelayMS(10);if(t!=P1)continue;//取得4位按键值，由模式XXXX1111(X中有一位为0，其他均为1)//变为模式0000XXXX(X中有一位为1，其他均为0)Key_State=~t>>4;nk=0;//检查1所在位置，累加获取按键号kwhile(Key_State!=0){k++;Key_State>>=1;}//根据按键号k进行4种处理switch(k){case1:if(P0==0x00)P0=0xff;P0<<=1;DelayMS(200);break;case2:P0=0xf0;break;nncase3:P0=0x0f;break;case4:P0=0xff;}}}}14K1-K4控制数码管移位显示/*名称：K1-K4控制数码管移位显示说明：按下K1时加1计数并增加显示位，按下K2时减1计数并减少显示位，按下K3时清零。*/#includen#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint//段码ucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xff};//位码ucharcodeDSY_Index[]={0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01};//待显示到各数码管的数字缓冲（开始仅在0位显示0，其他黑屏）ucharDisplay_Buffer[]={0,10,10,10,10,10,10,10};//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--)for(i=0;i<120;i++);}nvoidShow_Count_ON_DSY(){uchari;for(i=0;i<8;i++){P0=0xff;P0=DSY_CODE[Display_Buffer[i]];P2=DSY_Index[i];DelayMS(2);}}//主程序voidmain(){uchari,Key_NO,Key_Counts=0;nnP0=0xff;P1=0xff;P2=0x00;while(1){Show_Count_ON_DSY();P1=0xff;Key_NO=P1;//P1口按键状态分别为K1-0xfe，K2-0xfd,K3-0xfbswitch(Key_NO){case0xfe:Key_Counts++;if(Key_Counts>8)Key_Counts=8;Display_Buffer[Key_Counts-1]=Key_Counts;break;ncase0xfd:if(Key_Counts>0)Display_Buffer[--Key_Counts]=10;break;case0xfb:Display_Buffer[0]=0;for(i=1;i<8;i++)Display_Buffer[i]=10;Key_Counts=0;}//若键未释放则仅刷新显示，不进行键扫描while(P1!=0xff)Show_Count_ON_DSY();}}15K1-K4控制数码管加减演示/*名称：K1-K4控制数码管加减演示说明：按下K1后加1计数，按下K2后减1计数，按下K3后清零。n*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint//段码ucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0xff};//待显示的3位缓冲ucharNum_Buffer[]={0,0,0};//按键代码，按键计数ucharKey_Code,Key_Counts=0;//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){nuchari;while(x--)for(i=0;i<120;i++);}//显示函数voidShow_Counts_ON_DSY(){uchari,j=0x01;Num_Buffer[2]=Key_Counts/100;Num_Buffer[1]=Key_Counts/10%10;Num_Buffer[0]=Key_Counts%10;for(i=0;i<3;i++){j=_cror_(j,1);P0=0xff;P0=DSY_CODE[Num_Buffer[i]];nP2=j;DelayMS(1);}}//主程序voidmain(){uchari;P0=0xff;P1=0xff;P2=0x00;Key_Code=0xff;while(1){Show_Counts_ON_DSY();P1=0xff;nKey_Code=P1;//有键按下时，数码管刷新显示30次，该行代码同时起到延时作用if(Key_Code!=0xff)for(i=0;i<30;i++)Show_Counts_ON_DSY();switch(Key_Code){case0xfe:if(Key_Counts<255)Key_Counts++;break;case0xfd:if(Key_Counts>0)Key_Counts--;break;case0xfb:Key_Counts=0;}Key_Code=0xff;}n}164X4矩阵键盘控制条形LED显示/*名称：4X4矩阵键盘控制条形LED显示说明：运行本例时，按下的按键值越大点亮的LED越多。*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint//矩阵键盘按键特征码表ucharcodeKeyCodeTable[]={0x11,0x12,0x14,0x18,0x21,n0x22,0x24,0x28,0x41,0x42,0x44,0x48,0x81,0x82,0x84,0x88};//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--)for(i=0;i<120;i++);}//键盘扫描ucharKeys_Scan(){ucharsCode,kCode,i,k;//低4位置0，放入4行P1=0xf0;//若高4位出现0，则有键按下if((P1&0xf0)!=0xf0){nDelayMS(2);if((P1&0xf0)!=0xf0){sCode=0xfe;//行扫描码初值for(k=0;k<4;k++)//对4行分别进行扫描{P1=sCode;if((P1&0xf0)!=0xf0){kCode=~P1;for(i=0;i<16;i++)//查表得到按键序号并返回if(kCode==KeyCodeTable[i])nreturn(i);}elsesCode=_crol_(sCode,1);}}}return(-1);}//主程序voidmain(){uchari,P2_LED,P3_LED;ucharKeyNo=-1;//按键序号，-1表示无按键while(1)n{KeyNo=Keys_Scan();//扫描键盘获取按键序号KeyNoif(KeyNo!=-1){P2_LED=0xff;P3_LED=0xff;for(i=0;i<=KeyNo;i++)//键值越大，点亮的LED越多{if(i<8)P3_LED>>=1;elseP2_LED>>=1;}P3=P3_LED;//点亮条形LEDP2=P2_LED;}n}}17数码管显示4X4矩阵键盘按键号/*名称：数码管显示4X4矩阵键盘按键号说明：按下任意键时，数码管都会显示其键的序号，扫描程序首先判断按键发生在哪一列，然后根据所发生的行附加不同的值，从而得到按键的序号。*/n#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedint//段码ucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0xc0,0xf9,0xa4,0xb0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xf8,0x80,0x90,0x88,0x83,0xc6,0xa1,0x86,0x8e,0x00};sbitBEEP=P3^7;//上次按键和当前按键的序号，该矩阵中序号范围0~15，16表示无按键ucharPre_KeyNo=16,KeyNo=16;//延时voidDelayMS(uintx){uchari;while(x--)for(i=0;i<120;i++);n}//矩阵键盘扫描voidKeys_Scan(){ucharTmp;P1=0x0f;//高4位置0，放入4行DelayMS(1);Tmp=P1^0x0f;//按键后0f变成0000XXXX，X中一个为0，3个仍为1，通过异或把3个1变为0，唯一的0变为1switch(Tmp)//判断按键发生于0~3列的哪一列{case1:KeyNo=0;break;case2:KeyNo=1;break;case4:KeyNo=2;break;case8:KeyNo=3;break;ndefault:KeyNo=16;//无键按下}P1=0xf0;//低4位置0，放入4列DelayMS(1);Tmp=P1>>4^0x0f;//按键后f0变成XXXX0000，X中有1个为0，三个仍为1；高4位转移到低4位并异或得到改变的值switch(Tmp)//对0~3行分别附加起始值0，4，8，12{case1:KeyNo+=0;break;case2:KeyNo+=4;break;case4:KeyNo+=8;break;case8:KeyNo+=12;}}//蜂鸣器voidBeep()nn{uchari;for(i=0;i<100;i++){DelayMS(1);BEEP=~BEEP;}BEEP=0;}//主程序voidmain(){P0=0x00;BEEP=0;while(1)n{P1=0xf0;if(P1!=0xf0)Keys_Scan();//获取键序号if(Pre_KeyNo!=KeyNo){P0=~DSY_CODE[KeyNo];Beep();Pre_KeyNo=KeyNo;}DelayMS(100);}}18开关控制LED/*名称：开关控制LEDn说明：开关S1和S2分别控制LED1和LED2。*/#includesbitS1=P1^0;sbitS2=P1^1;sbitLED1=P0^0;sbitLED2=P0^1;//主程序voidmain(){while(1){LED1=S1;nLED2=S2;}}19继电器控制照明设备/*名称：继电器控制照明设备说明：按下K1灯点亮，再次按下时灯熄灭*/#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintsbitK1=P1^0;sbitRELAY=P2^4;//延时nvoidDelayMS(uintms){uchart;while(ms--)for(t=0;t<120;t++);}//主程序voidmain(){P1=0xff;RELAY=1;while(1){if(K1==0){while(K1==0);nRELAY=~RELAY;DelayMS(20);}}}20数码管显示拨码开关编码/*名称：数码管显示拨码开关编码说明：系统显示拨码开关所设置的编码000~255*/#include#include#defineucharunsignedcharn#defineuintunsignedint//各数字的数码管段码（共阴）ucharcodeDSY_CODE[]={0x3f,0x06,0x5b,0x4f,0x66,0x6d,0x7d,0x07,0x7f,0x6f};//显示缓冲ucharDSY_Buffer[3]={0,0,0};//延时voidDelayMS(uintms){uchart;while(ms--)for(t=0;t<120;t++);}//主程序voidmain(){nuchari,m,Num;P0=0xff;P2=0xff;while(1){m=0xfe;Num=P1;//读取拨码开关的值DSY_Buffer[0]=Num/100;DSY_Buffer[1]=Num/10%10;DSY_Buffer[2]=Num%10;for(i=0;i<3;i++)//刷新显示在数码管上{m=_crol_(m,1);P2=m;P0=DSY_CODE[DSY_Buffer[i]];DelayMS(10);n}}}21开关控制报警器/*名称：开关控制报警器说明：用K1开关控制报警器，程序控制P1.0输出两种不同频率的声音，模拟很逼真的报警效果*/#include#defineucharunsignedchar#defineuintunsignedintsbitSPK=P1^0;sbitK1=P1^7;//发声函数nnvoidAlarm(uchart){uchari,j;for(i=0;i<200;i++){SPK=~SPK;for(j=0;j#
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