壳聚糖改性絮凝剂的制备及在染料废水处理中的应用 33页

壳聚糖改性絮凝剂的制备及在染料废水处理中的应用大连工业大学硕士学位论文姓名：王雅娜申请学位级别：硕士专业：环境工程指导教师：崔励20080301摘要摘要壳聚糖具有来源广泛、储量丰富、价格便宜、无毒、易生物降解等特点，并以其独到的处理功能，引起环境界的广泛重视。本论文研究了壳聚糖与丙烯酰胺接枝共聚制备一种改性壳聚糖絮凝剂，对接枝共聚反应的工艺条件进行了探索，分别考察了单体用量、引发剂用量、反应时间和反应温度对接枝共聚反应的影响。实验结果表明，制备最佳工艺条件为壳聚糖与丙烯酰胺的质量比为1:5,反应时间为3h,复合引发剂用量为6mmo1/L,反应温度5(TC。对壳聚糖及其接枝共聚物进行红外光谱鉴定，结果表明，丙烯酰胺与壳聚糖发生了接枝共聚反应生成了壳聚糖一丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物。印染废水的处理是国内外研宄的难题，本论文主要应用无机絮凝剂和n有机絮凝剂复配对模拟染料废水进行混凝处理，研宂其对模拟染料废水的脱色，以及多种因素对有机物去除率等方面的影响，探讨了无机、有机以及无机.有机复合型混凝剂的混凝原理。在实验屮采用了聚合氯化铝、聚合氯化铁、壳聚糖和壳聚糖一丙烯酰胺接枝共聚物等絮凝剂，分别处理了染料活性艳兰KN.R、活性嫩黄1<_4G和活性翠兰KN.G模拟废水，实验考察了混凝剂的种类、投加量、PH、沉淀时间等因素对脱色和COD去除的影响，确定了最佳的处理工艺条件。研宄结果表明，针对上述三种模拟染料废水，一般无机絮凝剂用量为400〜60Omg/L，接枝共聚物的用量为5〜7mg/L，控制pH=6〜8，沉淀时间20min左右，可得到较好的处理效果。荧光分析法是近年来发展起来的一种新的检测方法，它具有灵敏度高，选择性好，用样量少等特点，而受到广泛的应用。本论文对罗丹明B、活性艳兰KN—R和活性嫩黄K.4G等溶液荧光光谱特征进行了初步研究，认为应用荧光分析法对染料废水进行测定具有一定的可行性，限于时间原因，更为深入的研宄工作冇待于进一步开展。关键词：化学混凝，染料废水，接枝共聚，壳聚糖，荧光光谱AbstractChitosanabundancedrawattentiontothewholewordbecauseitsgoodpropertiesinvo1vedthesource,reservesofthematerial,thecheappriceandinnocuity.Themodifiednofchitosanandacrylamide,whichWasusedtochitosanolymerizationtreatdyeingwasxperimentalreseau1esofexperimenttheproductswerngamountofmonomepolymerizationonreactiontempercentrationoftheiItindicatedthatwrecontrolledatththereactiontime3finitiator6mmol/perature50°C,graftimized.ThroughIhitosanandchitosoccurredinourcratethatthereactaTreatingdyeinwasmadeby伊疆CO—ptewater.Througherches,theeffectra1estudied,includir,factorsofthecoatureandtime,connitiator.Theresuhenthefactorsweequalityratel：5,hours,theamountoL,thereactiontemtedcopolymerisopRspectrumdataofcangraftopo1ymerdemonstionWasprocess.gwastewaterisseriesofcoagulants/flocculantnsondifficultybothathomeandabroad.Theinf1ucatheremovasevaluateudeinorgancflocculanismWasa1soaterincludpo1yBri1iantYe1lowBlueKN—Garoride,polynandgraftCtosanandacu1ant,theapHandthedetoensurethsingjartesoff1occupolymerizamide5~7mg/remova16enceofofcolalefficiencdinthispapeicflocculant.Thecoagu1investigateingReactive1iantKN.&ReK—4GReactivetreatedbyaferricchlor0—polymerizrylamide.ThddingamountpositedtimeeoptimaIcont.Wheninorg1ant40060tionchitosaL,pH8，depositeorandorganiycompoundWr,whichinc1tandorganiationmechand.ThewastewBlueactiveBri11eBri11iant1uminumch1ide,chitosaationofchiekindofcoagofcoagulantarestudiedditionsbyuanic0mg/L,黟撕CO—nandacryladtime20minwnasusedforcoagulation,theefficiencyofcoloristhebestconditionsioneddyeingwasteFluorescencespticalmethodisaneiningandmeasurinescencespectroseagesofhighsensitvity,usessmallqurelativesampleasbeenwidelyusedharacteroffluoreopyofRhodamineB,tB1ueKN.R,ReactiwK一4GWasstudiediforthethreementwater.ectroscopyanalywdeve1opingexamgmethod.Thefluoropyhastheadvantivityandselectiantityof.Thistechnologyhinthefields.TheescencespectroseReactiveBri11ianveBri11iantYel1onthiswork.Itisfetcepsecnecserou•丄fesuotyt•1li•1±b•1sa•1mretedot11ooterausemasaypocsorITisetreporpecnecserou•