应用于废水处理的光合细菌优化培养和生长动力学研究 54页

应用于废水处理的光合细菌优化培养和生长动力学研究摘要:本文对应用于废水处理的光合细菌的培养最适温度、光照、pH值、溶解氧等条件进行了较系统的研究,通过正交实验,得出光合细菌生长的最适条件为光照强度3000Lx、微好氧、30e、pH710。在此基础上,建立了光合细菌在模拟味精废水条件下,以乙酸钠为底物时的生长动力学模型,其参数为饱和常数Ks为0123g#L-1,最大比生长速率为0104h-1。试验结果表明,该模型能够较好地描述废水处理光合细菌的生长情况。关键词:光合细菌;正交实验;优化培养;动力学模型StudyonOptimumCultivationandGrowthKineticsofPhotosyntheticBacterialforWastewaterTreatment/XIONGWan-Abstract:Thispapergivesadetailstudyontheoptimumgrowthconditionsoftemperature,illumination,pHanddissolvedoxygenforPSB1Withtheorthogonaldesignedexperiment,theoptimumcultureconditionsforPSBgrowthareobtained:illuminationintensity3000Lx,faintaerobic,30e,pH7101Undertheoptimumcultivationandthesimulatedmonosodium-glutmatewastewaterconditions,ak-ineticmodelonPSBgrowthinthesubstrateofCH3COONawasputup1Theparametersinthemodelareasfollows:thesaturationcon-stantKs0123g#L-1andthemaximumspecificgrowthrateLmax0104h-1respectively1TheexperimentresultshowsthatthismodelcandescribethegrowthdataofPSBverywell1Keywords:photosyntheticbacteria(PSB);orthogonaldesignedexperiment;optimumcultivation;kineticsmodel光合细菌(PhotosyntheticBacteria,简称PSB)是自然界中广泛存在且比较古老的细菌类群,是一大类能进行光合作用的原核生物的总称[1]。近年来,随着人们对PSB形态、结构、生理生化以及生态等特性研究和认识的不断深入,发现光合细菌,特别是其中的红螺菌科能利用多种硫化物或有机物作为其光合作用的供氢体和碳源,在厌氧光照、好氧光照、甚至好氧黑暗环境中都能很好地增殖,且能耐受很高盐度和浓度的有机物,具有很强的分解、去除有机物的能力,显示其在高浓度、高盐度有机废水处理中的独特优势和广阔应用前景,正成为废水处理技术研究的一个新方向[2]。同时因其菌体富含蛋白质和胡萝卜素,可作为单细胞蛋白应用于养畜业、渔业以及各种食用色素。光合细菌的上述特点,使其吸引着人们对其进行发掘、研究和商品化生产。研究光合细菌的优化培养条件和生长动力学,对其规模化生产n和资源化开发利用以及应用于废水处理的光合生物反应系统的设计具有重要意义。1材料与方法111菌种来源菌种为本课题组从海水、污泥、池塘水、厌氧生物反应器中分离获得并培养保存[3]的光合细菌,颜色深红,有微量红色沉淀,其OD660nm大于118,活菌数在1@1010个#mL-1以上,菌液pH值为816,经鉴定为荚膜红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonascapsulata)。112培养基优化培养实验采用RCVBN扩大培养基[4],其组成为:CH3COONa310g,(NH4)2SO4110g,MgSO4012g,NaCl110g,KH2PO4013g,K2HPO4015g,CaCl20105g,酵母膏011g,微量元素溶液1mL,蒸馏水1000mL。生长动力学实验中以CH3COONa为生长限制性22中国沼气ChianBiogas2004,22(1)底物,考虑到PSB处理味精废水时应适应的环境,使培养基中SO42-浓度控制2%~3%,pH值控制在415~6范围,其它组分的含量根据CH3COONa底物的浓度按比例调整。微量元素溶液为改良的Imhoff和Truper生长因子溶液,其组成为:EDTA-2Na2g,FeSO4#7H2O012g,MnCl2#4H2O011g,H3BO3011g,CoCl2#6H2O011g,Zn-Cl2011g,Na2MoO4#2H2O0102g,NiCl2#6H2O0102mg,CuCl2#2H2O0101g,蒸馏水1000mL。113培养方法在8个CSTR光合培养器中进行分批培养,培养器体积为50L。培养器光照根据强度不同的需要分别由三只25W,40W,60W,100W白炽灯泡组合提供,培养器的底部设有穿孔曝气管,根据DO含量间歇开启,培养器内设有温控器。114测定方法(1)菌体干重:离心后采用恒重法;(2)菌体浊度:采用VIS)7220型分光光度计测OD值(660nm);(3)pH值:采用瑞士Delta320型酸度计;(4)溶解氧:采用美国YSI)58溶解氧测定仪;(5)光照:由LGC4)2A光照计测定;(6)底物浓度(以CODCr计):采用重铬酸钾法[5]。2结果与讨论211培养条件的优化根据本课题组以前单因素试验的结果[6],综合对PSB生长影响较大的四个因素即光照、溶解氧、pH值、温度进行正交试验[7],每个因素选取三个水平,选用L9(34)正交表对各因素的试验条件进行优化,n具体设计见表1。各次试验菌液的接种量均为5L,即10%,起始OD(660nm)值为01477。培养66h后测OD值,重复二次,实验结果见表2。由表可见,各因素对PSB生长的影响主次关系为:光照、溶解氧、温度、pH值。用直观法即可确定光合细菌的优化培养条件为:3,2,2,2,即强光照、微好氧、30e、pH710。表1正交试验因素表头设计因素水平12311光照(Lx)01500300021溶解氧(mg#L-1)>1015~10~01531温度(e)25303541pH值975表2PSB生长情况的正交试验结果及分析试验号因素1234OD1OD2OD1+OD22111110147601478014772122201808018250181631333016190162401622421230190201924019135223111161111831117262312111341112211128731321159011605115978321321025210622104493321211402116321152K111915219873164931801K231213410323188131541K351793319023139131579R31878110450149001260212PSB生长动力学模型的建立21211PSB的分批培养结果根据上述优化培养的试验结果,采用最适培养条件,即光照强度为3000Lx、溶解氧为015mg#L-1左右、30e、pH710条件下研究光合细菌生长动力学。在四个(1#~4#)相同的光合细菌培养器中,接种量相同,均为10%,在初始底物浓度不同的情况下,研究光合细菌的生长速率和底物的消耗速率。另外,根据本研究大量实验结果,光合细菌的延滞期为6小时,66小时左右后进入衰亡期,所以本实验采用开始6小时后每隔12小时分别测各培养器中底物的浓度(以COD计)以及光合细菌菌体干重值,实验结果见表3。n21212PSB生长动力学模型中参数的估计假设PSB的生长速率只受单一底物CH3COONa浓度的影响,同时不考虑生成产物对光合细菌的抑制作用,可用Monod方程[8]作为PSB指数生长期和平衡期的生长动力学模型,即PSB的比生长速率L与限制性底物COD的浓度间的关系可用下式表示:L=LmaxSKS+S(1)dXdt=LX(2)-dsdt=1Yx/sdxdt(3)式中:L为光合细菌的比增长速率(h-1);Lmax为最大比增长速率(h-1);S为限制性底物COD的浓度(g#L-1);Ks为光合细菌以乙酸钠为底物的饱和常数(g#L-1);dxdt为光合细菌的生长速率g#(L#h)-1;-dsdt为底物的消耗速率,g#(L#h)-1;Yx/s为光合细菌23中国沼气ChianBiogas2004,22(1)的得率系数(g#g-1)。根据表3中的实验结果,用龙格库塔法求解微分方程组,以实验值与模型估计值总偏差之和最小为目标函数,在C6程序下对培养器1#,2#,3#,4#的实验结果估计的参数值分别为Lmax=01038h-1,01038h-1,0104h-1,01044h-1;Ks=0122g#L-1,0120g#L-1,0123g#L-1,0124g#L-1;Yx/s=01082g#g-1,01080g#g-1,01076g#g-1,01070g#g-1;目标函数值分别为01000208,010013,0100090,0100025。表3不同时间测得各培养器中的底物浓度和菌体干重值时间t(h)1#2#3#4#COD/mg#L-1菌体干重/mg#L-1COD/mg#L-1菌体干重/mg#L-1COD/mg#L-1菌体干重/mg#L-1COD/mg#L-1菌体干重/mg#L-1n0520117143611730751186020118650811714201173065119600021018490312139431830294165950515304566101336814294011105810151042395111012101810273027155430421054296191094339102220661043881151066160301043380106515410166430510781453115406811787216610132032210213模拟值与试验值的比较以起始底物浓度COD=4022mg#L-1在上述条件下培养,在不同时间测得剩余底物浓度和菌体干重,并用上述模型对实验结果进行预测,结果见表4。对模拟值与试验值进行比较,相对误差小于5%,结果见图1。可见,模型能较好地描述强光照微氧条件下以乙酸钠为底物时光合细菌的生长规律。表4模拟值与试验值比较结果时间t(h)预测值实验值COD/mg#L-1菌体干重/mg#L-1COD/mg#L-1菌体干重/mg#L-10402210011904022119640151002101401521018397610841963982511303879175121283864131442364119730135360633105430601127415728927816661684180179109148819310781210206103结论(1)温度、光照、pH值和溶解氧等因素会影响PSB的生长,其中光照的强弱影响最大,溶解氧影响次之,pH值影响最小。试验得出PSB生长的适宜条件为强光照、微好氧、温度为30e、pH为710。(2)强光照、微好氧条件下PSB生长动力学模型可用Monod方程来模拟,实验测得模型中饱和常数Ks=0123g#L-1,最大比生长速率=0104h-1。模型能够较好地描述光合细菌的生长情况。参考文献n[1]史家梁,翁稣颖,徐亚同1光合细菌在废水处理中的应用及菌体的综合利用[J]1微生物学通报,1981,4(8):186~188.[2]俞吉安,李宝,张承康1应用光合细菌处理高浓度有机废水的新技术[J]1环境科学,1987,8(3):47~52.[3]邱宏端,郭养浩,吴陵1光合细菌的分离与生长特性初探[J]1福州大学学报,1999,27(2)116~120.[4]朱章玉,俞吉安,林志新1光合细菌的研究及其应用[M]1上海:上海交通大学出版社,1991.[5]国家环保局1水和废水监测分析方法(第三版)[M]1北京:中国环境科学出版社,1989.[6]邱宏端,郭养浩,吴陵1光合细菌的分离与生长特性初探[J]1福州大学学报,1999,4(2):116~120.[7]栾军1现代试验设计优化方法[M]1上海:上海交通大学出版社,1995.[8]戚以政,汪叔雄1反应动力学与反应器(第二版)[M]1化学工业出版社,1999.24中国沼气ChianBiogas2004,22(1)n（英文版）Tworegulationspromulgatedforimplementationisinthepartyinpowerforalongtimeandtheruleoflawconditions,theimplementationofcomprehensivestrictlystrategicplan,implementationinaccordancewiththerulesanddisciplinetomanagetheparty,strengtheninner-partysupervisionofmajorinitiatives.Thetworegulationssupportingeachother,theadheretoapositiveadvocate,focusingonmoralityisofPartymembersandPartyleadingcadrescansee,enoughtogetahighstandard;aroundthepartydiscipline,disciplinaryrulerrequirements,listedas"negativelist,focusingonverticalgauge,drawthepartyorganizationsandPartymembersdonottouchthe"bottomline".Here,themainfromfoursquarefacetwopartyrulesofinterpretation:thefirstpartintroducestwopartyRevisedregulationsthenecessityandtherevisionprocess;thesecondpartistheinterpretationofthetwofundamentalprinciplesoftherevisionoflawsandregulationsintheparty;thethirdpartintroducestwopartyregulationsmodifiedthemainchangesandneedstograspseveralkeyproblems;thefourthpartonhowtograsptheimplementationofthetwonregulationsoftheparty.andrevisedthenecessityandrevisedhistoryoftheCPCCentralCommitteetheamendmenttotheChineseCommunistPartymembersandleadingcadreshonestpoliticsseveralguidelines>andcolumn1by2015tostrengthenpartylawsandregulationsfocus.TwopartyregulationsrevisionworklastedaYears,poolingthewisdomofthewholeparty,ideologicalconsensus,drawhistoricalexperience,respectforthewisdomofourpredecessors,whichreflectstheunityofinheritanceandinnovation;followthecorrectdirection,graspthelimitedgoals,adheretotheparty'sleadership,tosolvethemassesofthepeoplereflectafocusontheproblem.Thenewrevisionoftheand,reflectstheparty's18andtheeighthsessionofthethird,thespiritofthefourthplenarysession,reflectingtheexperienceofstudyingandimplementingtheGeneralSecretaryXiJinpingseriesofimportantspeech,reflectstheparty'seighteenyearscomprehensivestrictlypractice.(a)revisedtworegulationsofthepartyneedofinbasedonrevised,thepromulgationandimplementationofJanuary2010,tostrengthentheconstructionofthecontingentofleadingcadresplayanimportantrole.Butwiththepartytomanagethepartystrictlyadministeringthedeepening,hasnotbeenabletofullymeettheactualneeds.Contentistoocomplicated,"eightprohibition,52arenotallowedto"hardtoremember,andalsodifficulttoputintopractice;thesecondisconciselypositiveadvocatedbythelackofprohibitedprovisionsexcessive,noautonomyrequirements;thethirdisbannedtermsanddisciplinelaw,bothwiththepartydiscipline,disciplinaryregulationsrepeatandCriminallawandotherlawsandregulationsrepeat;thefourthisto"clean"thethemeisnotprominent,notfortheexistingproblems,andisnarrow,onlyneedleofcounty-levelleadingcadresabove.isin1997basedonrevision,inDecember2003thepromulgationandimplementation,tostrengthentheconstructionofthepartyplayveryimportantrole.Alongwiththedevelopmentofthesituation,whichmanyprovisionshavebeenunabletofullymeetthecomprehensivestrictlyadministeringthepracticenneeds.OneisJilaw,morethanhalfoftheprovisionsandcriminallawandothercountrieslawsandregulationsRepetition;twoisthepoliticaldisciplineregulationsisnotprominent,notspecific,forviolationofthepartyconstitution,damagetheauthorityofPartyConstitutionofmisconductlacknecessaryandseriousresponsibilitytopursue;thirdisthemaindisciplinefortheleadingcadres,doesnotcoverallPartymembers.Basedontheabovesituation,needtoandthetwoislikelytobemorerelevantregulationsfirstamendment.Byrevising,reallyputtheauthorityofPartydiscipline,theseriousnessinthepartytreeandcallupthemajorityofPartymembersandcadresofthepartyconstitutionofpartycompassespartyconsciousness.(II)twopartyregulationsrevisionprocesstheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaattachesgreatimportancetotworegulationsrevision.XiJinping,generalbooksrecordedintheFifthPlenarySessionoftheeighthsessionoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection,ontherevisedregulations<>madeclearinstructions.Accordingtothecentraldeployment,theCentralCommissionforDisciplinenInspectionfrom2014undersixmonthsbeginstudytworegulationsrevision.TheStandingCommitteeoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection4reviewrevised.ComradeWangQishan14timesheldaspecialmeetingtostudytworegulationsrevision,amendmentclarifiesthedirection,majorissuesofprinciple,pathandtarget,respectivelyheldaforumwilllistentopartoftheprovince(area)secretaryofthePartycommittee,SecretaryoftheDisciplineInspectionCommission,partofthecentralministriesandstateorgansDepartmentThefirstpartycommitteeismainlyresponsibleforpeople,viewsofexpertsandscholarsandgrassrootspartyorganizationsandPartymembers.ApprovedbytheCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChina,on7September2015,thegeneralofficeoftheCentralCommitteeofthePartyissuedanoticetosolicittheprovinces(autonomousregions,municipalities)Party,thecentralministriesandcommissions,stateministriesandcommissionsoftheParty(party),theGeneralPoliticalDepartmentofthemilitary,every3peopleorganizationofPartyoftworegulationsrevisionopinion.CentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionofextensivesolicitationofopinions,carefulnstudy,attracting,formedarevisedsentreviewers.InOctober8andOctober12,CentralCommitteePoliticalBureauStandingCommitteeandthePoliticalBureauoftheCentralCommitteeAfterconsiderationofthetworegulationsreviseddraft.OnOctober18,theCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaformallyissuedtworegulations.Cansay,twolawsamendmentconcentratedthewisdomofthewholeparty,embodiestheparty.Second,andrevisionofthebasicprinciplesoftwopartyregulationsrevisionworkandimplementtheparty'seighteen,teneightplenary,thespiritoftheFourthPlenarySessionoftheEleventhCentralCommitteeandGeneralSecretaryXiJinpingimportantinstructionsontherevisedand,highlightingtherulingpartycharacteristics,seriousdiscipline,thedisciplinequiteinfrontofthelaw,basedonthecurrent,along-term,advanceasawhole,withBuXiudingindependentand.Mainprincipleis:first,adheretothepartyconstitutiontofollow.Theconstitutionaboutdisciplineandself-disciplinerequiredspecific,awakenthepartyconstitutionofpartycompassespartynconsciousness,maintainingtheauthorityoftheconstitution.GeneralSecretaryXiJinpingpointedoutthat"norules,nosideround.Partyconstitutionisthefundamentallaw,thepartymustfollowthegeneralrules.Inearly2015heldtheeighthsessionoftheCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspectionFifthPlenarySessionofthe16thCentralCommittee,XiJinpingagainpointedoutthatconstitutionisthepartymustfollowthegeneralrules,butalsothegeneralrules."therevisionoftheandisMethodinadheretotheregulationsestablishedforthepurposeofcombiningruleofvirtueistoadheretothepartyconstitutionasafundamentaltofollow,theconstitutionauthoritysetup,wakeupthepartyconstitutionandpartyrulesthesenseofdiscipline,thepartyconstitutionaboutdisciplineandself-disciplinespecificrequirements.4secondistoadheretoinaccordancewiththeregulationsgoverningthepartyandtheparty.ThePartyofruleofvirtue"de",mainlyreferstotheparty'sidealsandbeliefs,excellenttraditionalstyle.Therevisedthecloselylinkedtothe"self-discipline",insistingonthepositiveinitiative,forallmembers,highlightthe"vitalfew",emphasizednself-discipline,focusingonthemorality,andthemajorityofPartymembersandtheideologicalandmoralstandards.Therevised<>Jimethodseparately,Ji,JiYantoMethod,asa"negativelist",emphasizingtheheteronomy,focusingonverticalgauge.Isthisonehighandonelow,apositivereaction,thestrictpartydisciplineandpracticeresultstransformationfortheintegrationofthewholepartytoobservemoralanddisciplinerequirements,forthemajorityofPartymembersandcadresprovidesbenchmarkingandruler.Third,insistonto.Inviewoftheproblemsexistinginthepartyatthepresentstage,themainproblemsofPartymembersandcadresintheaspectofself-disciplineandabidebythedisciplinetomakeclearlydefined,especiallytheparty'seighteenyearsstrictpoliticaldisciplineandpoliticalrules,organizationanddisciplineandtoimplementthecentraleightprovisionsofthespiritagainstthefourwindsandotherrequirementsintoDisciplinaryprovisions.Notonepacereachsthedesignatedposition,focusingoninlinewithreality,pragmaticandeffective.Aftertherevisionofmajorchanges,majorchangesintheandmodifiedandneedstograspseveralkeyproblems(a)adheretonaccordingtoregulationsgoverningthepartyandpartywithmoralsincombination,foratthepresentstage,theleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresandPartymembersinexistingmainproblemsofself-discipline,putforwardprinciples,requirementsandspecifications,showingCommunistsnoblemoralpursuit,reflectedatalltimesandinallovertheworldethicsfromhighfromlow5commonrequirements.Oneiscloselylinkedtothe"self-discipline",removalandnodirectrelationtotheprovisionsof.thesecondisadheretoapositiveadvocate,"eightprohibition"52arenotallowedto"aboutthecontentofthe"negativelistmovedintosynchronizationamendment.Threeisforallthepartymembers,willapplyobjectfromtheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadrestoexpandtoallPartymembers,fullyembodiesthecomprehensivestrictlyrequired.Thefourthisprominentkeyminority,seizetheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresisthekey,andputforwardhigherrequirementsthantheordinaryPartymembers.Fiveistosimplify,andstrivetoachieveconcise,easytounderstand,easytoremember.TherevisedistherulingPartysincethefirstinsistsonapositiveadvocateforAllPartynmembersandtheself-disciplinenorms,moraldeclarationissuedtoallmembersofthepartyandtheNationalPeople'ssolemncommitment.>,atotalofeight,281words,includinglead,specificationandPartymembercadrecleanfingeredself-disciplinenorms,etc.Part3memberslow-costcleanandself-discipline,themaincontentscanbesummarizedas"fourmust""eightcode".Leadpart,reiteratedonidealandfaith,fundamentalpurpose,thefinetraditionsandworkstyle,noblesentiments,suchas"fourmust"theprincipleofrequirements,strongtoneofself-discipline,Thehigherrequestfor6andsupervisedtenet,thefootholdinpermanentBaotheparty'sadvancednatureandpurity,toreflecttherevisedstandardsrequirements.Membersofself-disciplinenormsaroundthepartymembershowtocorrectlytreatanddealwiththe"publicandprivate","cheapandrot"thriftyandextravagance"bittermusic",putforwardthe"fournorms".Partyleadercadrecleanfingeredself-disciplinenormsfortheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresofthe"vitalfew",aroundthen"cleanpolitics",fromcivilservantofthecolor,theexerciseofpower,moralintegrity,agoodfamilytraditionandotheraspectsoftheleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresofthe"fournorms"<>tofullyadapttothestrictlyrequirements,reflectstheaccordingtotheregulationsgoverningthelawofrecognitionofdeepening,therealizationofthedisciplineconstructionandJinJu.ispartyaruler,membersofthebasiclineandfollow.AndthemajorityofPartymembersandcadresofPartyorganizationsatalllevelsshouldadheretothebottomlineofthinking,feardiscipline,holdthebottomnline,asapreventivemeasure,tokeeptheparty'sadvancednatureandpurity.1,respectfortheconstitution,refinementanddiscipline.Revisedfromcomprehensivecombphysicalconstitutionbegan,thepartyconstitutionandotherregulationsofthePartyofPartyorganizationsandPartydisciplinerequirementsrefinement,clearlydefinedinviolationofthepartyconstitutionwillbeinaccordancewithregulationstogivethecorrespondingdisciplinaryaction.Theoriginal10categoriesofmisconduct,integrationspecificationforpoliticaldiscipline,discipline,honestyanddisciplinemassesJiLawanddisciplineanddisciplineandothersixcategories,thecontentofrealreturntoPartydiscipline,forthemajorityofPartymembersandlisteda"negativelist.72,highlightingthepoliticaldisciplineandpoliticalrules.>adheretotheproblemoriented,doJiseparated.Anynationallawexistingcontent,willnotrepeattheprovisions,thetotalremovalof79andcriminallaw,repeatthecontentofthepublicsecuritymanagementpunishmentlaw,andotherlawsandregulations.InthegeneralreiteratedthatpartyorganizationsandPartymembersmustconscientiouslyaccepttheparty'sdiscipline,dievancomplywithnationallawsandregulations;atthesametime,toinvestigateviolationsofPartymembersandevencriminalbehaviorofPartydisciplineandresponsibility,>theparty'seighteenyearsimplementthespiritofthecentralprovisionsoftheeight,againsttherequirementsofthe"fourwinds"andtransformationfordisciplinaryprovisions,nreflectingthestyleconstructionisalwaysontheroad,notagustofwind.Inthefightagainstcorruptionoutofnewproblems,increasethetradingrights,theuseofauthorityrelativesprofitandotherdisciplinaryterms.Prominentdisciplineofthemasses,thenewagainsttheinterestsofthemassesandignorethedemandsofthemassesandotherdisciplinarytermsandmakeprovisionsofthedispositionandthedestructionoftheparty'sclosetieswiththemasses.Disciplinetoprotecttheparty'spurpose.8oftheseregulations,atotalofthreeseries,Chapter15,178,morethan24000words,aftertherevisionoftheregulationsatotalof3series,Chapter11,133,17000words,dividedinto"general"and"specialprovisions"and"SupplementaryProvisions"Part3.Amongthem,add,delete,modifytheprovisionsoftheproportionofuptonearly90%.1,thegeneralgeneralisdividedintofivechapters.Thefirstchaptertotheregulationsoftheguidingideology,principlesandscopeofapplicationoftheprovisions,highlightthestrengtheningofthepartyconstitutionconsciousness,maintenancetheauthorityofPartyConstitution,increasethepartyorganizationsandPartynmembersmustabidebythepartyconstitution,YanCentralizedcentralized,wouldexamineatalllevelsoftheamendedprovisionsimplementingandmaintainingPartydiscipline,andconsciouslyacceptthepartydiscipline,exemplarycompliancewithnationallawsandregulations.Thesecondchapterofdisciplineconcept,disciplinaryactiontypesandeffectsoftheregulations,willbeaseriouswarningfromtheoriginalayearforayearandahalf;increasethePartyCongressrepresentative,byleavingthepartyabove(includingleaveprobation)punishment,thepartyorganizationshouldbeterminateditsrepresentativequalificationprovisions.Thethirdchapterofthedisciplinaryrulesofuseprescribedinthedisciplinerectifyingprocess,nonconvergence,notclosehandclassifiedasseverelyorheavierpunishment."Disciplinestraighten"Atleasteighteenyearsoffiveyears,thesefiveyearsistopaycloseattentiontotheprovisionsofthecentraleightimplementationandanti-"fourwinds".Thefourthchapteronsuspicionofillegalpartydisciplinarydistinguishfivedifferentconditions,withspecialprovisionsweremadeprovisions,toachieveeffectiveconvergenceofPartyandcountry9method.theprovisionsofArticle27,Partyorganizationsinthedisciplinaryreviewfoundthatpartymembershavecommittedembezzlement,bribery,derelictionofdutyderelictionofdutyandothercriminallawactissuspectedofcommittingacrimeshallgivecancelpartyposts,probationorexpelledfromtheparty.ThesecondisArticle28theprovisionsofPartyorganizationsinthedisciplinaryreviewButfoundthatpartymembersarestipulatedinthecriminallaw,althoughnotinvolvedinacrimeshallbeinvestigatedforPartydisciplineandresponsibilityshouldbedependingonthespecificcircumstancesshallbegivenawarninguntilexpelledpunishment.Thissituationandadifferenceisthattheformerregulationbehaviorhasbeensuspectedofacrime,thefeelingisquitestrict,andthelatterforthebehaviornotinvolvingcrime,onlytheobjectiveperformanceoftheprovisionsofthecriminalcodeofbehavior,buttheplotisacrimetoslightly.the29provisions,Partyorganizationsinthedisciplinereviewfoundthatpartymembersandotherillegalbehavior,affecttheparty'simage,thedamagetotheparty,thestateandthepeople'sinterests,weshouldndependonthesituationSeriousnessgivendisciplinaryaction.ThelossofPartymembers,seriouslydamagingtheparty'simageofbehavior,shouldbegivenexpelledfromtheparty.Atthisarticleispartymemberisinviolationofthecriminallawoutsidetheotherillegalacts,suchasviolatesthepublicsecurityadministrationpunishmentlaw,customslaw,financiallawsandregulationsbehavior.ThefourthisArticle32stipulates,minorpartymembersandthecircumstancesofthecrime,thepeople'sProcuratorateshallmakeadecisionnottoinitiateaprosecution,orthepeople'scourtshallmakeaconvictionandexemptedfromcriminalpunishmentshallbegivenwithinthepartyisremovedfromhispost,probationorexpelledfromtheparty.Partymembersandcrime,sheetswerefinedinaccordancewithForacts;theprincipalOrdinanceamendedtheprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraph.Thisisthenewcontent,inordertoachieveJimethodeffectiveconvergence.Fiveis<>thethirtythirdarticle10oftheprovisions,thePartymemberduetoanintentionalcrimeissentencedtocriminallaw(includingprobation)sheetsoradditionaldeprivationofpoliticalrights;duetonegligencecrimeandwassentencedtothreeyearsormoren(excludingthreeyears)apenalty,shallgiveexpelledpunishment.Duetonegligencecrimeisconvictedandsentencedtothreeyears(includingthreeyears)inprisonorbesentencedtopublicsurveillance,detention,shallingeneralbeexpelledfromtheparty.Fortheindividualmaynotbeexpelledfromtheparty,shouldcontrolApproval.Thisisfollowedandretainedtheoriginal>4SpecifiedinArticle6togivetheappropriatepunishment.Fordidnotcauseseriousconsequences,togivecriticismandeducationorthecorrespondingtissueprocessing.(2)aboutthedestructionoftheparty'sunitythefortyeighthtofiftysecondarticle,todamageParty'sunityunifiedandviolationofpoliticaldiscipline,punishmentsituationmadeexplicitprovisions.Article52ofthenew"inthepartygetroundgroup,gangsseekprivategain,cliques,cultivateprivateforcesorthroughtheexchangeofinterests,fortheirowntocreatemomentumandotheractivitiestogainpoliticalcapital,givenaseriouswarningorwithdrawfromtheirpartypostsdisposition;ifthecircumstancesareserious,togiveLeaveapartytonobservationorexpelledfromtheparty.(3)onagainsttheorganizationreviewoftheprovisionsoftheconstitution,partyloyaltyhonestyispartymembersmustcomplywiththeobligations.Membersmustobeytheorganizationdecision,shallnotviolatetheorganizationdecidedencountersbyaskingquestionstofindorganization,relyontheorganization,shallnotdeceivetheorganization,againsttheorganization.Forexample,aftertheinvestigationdoesnottaketheinitiativetoexplainthesituation,buttoengageinoffensiveanddefensivealliance,hidingthestolenmoneyisagainstsurveyorganization,isaviolationofthebehaviorofpoliticaldiscipline.Article24oftheoriginal>addthisclausetotheConstitutionrequiresmorespecific,thepreviousnopunishmentinaccordancewiththedefinitelistandputforwardclearpunishmentinaccordancewith.(4)aboutorganizingorparticipatinginsuperstitiousactivitiesasaboutengageinactivitiesoffeudalsuperstitionobstructionofsocialmanagementorder"violationsofArticle164theprovisions,butaccordingtotheoriginalonlyindisruptingproduction,work,sociallifeorderThecasetobedisciplinarytreatment,inotherwords,alonemakethefeudalsuperstition,organizeorparticipateintheactivitiesoffeudalsuperstitionof,doesnotconstituteaviolation.Whichisnotconsistentwiththerequirementsofourparty'spoliticalparty.>Chapter7"inviolationofthebehavioroforganizationaldisciplinepunishment"mainlyforviolationofdemocraticcentralism,contrarytothe"fourobeythedisciplinebehaviorforsourceclassificationrules.Increasednotinaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsorrequirementstotheorganizationforinstructionstoreportonmajorissues;donotreporttruthfullyreportaboutpersonalmatters;falsifypersonalarchives;hidebeforejoiningthepartyseriousmistakes;leadingcadresinviolationoftherelevantprovisionsoftheorganization,willparticipateinthespontaneousformationoftheoldXiang,AlumniAssociation,comradesinarms;toobtainillegalcountryresidenceabroadorforeignnationality,illegalforprivatefrontierDocumentssuchasdisciplineterms.(1)onthereporttruthfullyreportpersonalmattersin2010thenCentralCommitteeoftheCommunistPartyofChinaoffice,officeoftheStateCouncilintroduced,isclearabouttherequest,deputydivisionlevelandaboveleadingcadresshouldtruthfullyreportchangesinmymarriageandspouse,children,movedtothecountry(territory),practitioners,income,realestate,investmentandothermatters,forfailingtoreport,donotreport,concealedandunreported,accordingtotheseriousnessofthecase,givingcriticismandeducation,andtomakeacorrectionwithinatimelimit,shallbeorderedtomakeacheck,thecommandmentJiemianconversation,informedcriticismorjobs,freePostprocessing,constituteviolations,inaccordancewiththerelevantprovisionsshallbegivenadisciplinarysanction.Butsincetheoriginalandthereisnocorrespondingspecificterms,theviolationoftheregulations,donotreport,asafalsereportaboutpersonalmatters,thereisnocorrespondingdisciplinaryactionterms,inpracticeitisdifficulttooperate.Inthisregard,inordertosolveisnotreported,asafalsereportaboutpersonalmatters15askedcensure,thenewaddtheArticlen67ofviolationofpersonalmattersrelatedtoreportingrequirements,reporttruthfullyreporttheclearpunishmentbasis,makingthiskindofviolationbehaviorisnolongerfreedrillingforExhibitiononmattersofpersonalcheckstoverifyandsupervisionofcadres,disciplinereviewprovidesapowerfuldisciplineguarantee.(2)abouttheillegalorganization,tofellow,alumni,friendsofthewarwill,leadingcadresofthepartyinviolationofrelevantprovisionsoftheorganization,willparticipateinthespontaneousformationoffellow,AlumniAssociation,comradeinarmstogivethepunishmentaccordingtotheseriousnessofthecase.Herespecialneedsnoteisthreepoints:thisprovisionforonlytheleadingcadres",reflectingthehighrequirementsofleadingcadres;secondviolationin2002,theCentralCommissionforDisciplineInspection,thecentralOrganizationDepartmentandtheTherelevantprovisionsoftheGeneralPoliticalDepartmentjointlyissuedthe.Thatistosay,tothespontaneousformationoffellow,AlumniAssociation,ncomradesinarmswillconstitutethepremiseofdisciplineisaviolationoftheprovisionsofthis.Thenotificationspecified,leadingcadresarenotallowedtoparticipateinthespontaneousincorporationoffellow,alumni,betweencomradesassociationwouldliketheorganizationandshallnotbearthesororityHumanandtheorganizershallnotholdthecorrespondingpositioninthesorority;shallnotborrowmachinewoven"network"andengageinkisssparsely,roundandroundthegangs,butnot"align""JieyiGoldOrchid"behavior.Thethirdistoemphasizeherethatshallbeorganizedtoparticipateintheinitiativetosetupthevillager,AlumniAssociation,comradesinarms.Theso-called16spontaneouswasestablishedmainlymeanswithoutregistration.Therefore,Partymembersincludeleadingcadresinthenormalrangeoffellow,alumni,comradesinthepartyisnotaviolationoftherulesofPartydiscipline.ThethreeproblemaboutintegrityviolationsdisciplineLianJiedisciplinehasbeeneighteenyearscleangovernmentandantiThefocusoftheworkofcorruption.ThisOrdinancetoamend,honestyanddisciplinethisbiggestadjustment,thenewcontent,mostofwhichnprescribedbytheoriginal8banand52arenotallowedintothebasicthispart.(1)thecentraleightprovisionsofthespiritandrequirementsintointheregulationsoftheparty'seighteenyears,centralresolutelyimplementtheprovisionsoftheeightandpaycloseattentiontothenodeandintensivebriefing,onpublicfunds,privatebus,publicfundstourism,giftsofpublicfunds,thebigparadeandlavishweddingsandfestive,illegalpaymentallowancesandsubsidies,illegalconstructionofbuildingssuchastheoriginalmassesreflectstherelativelystrong,"fourwinds"problemoftheResoluterectification.Butoriginaltoeatanddrink,superstandardreceptionandnoclearandspecificexpression,newwillimplementeightCentralprovisionsofthespiritoftheproblemincreasedto"cleancheapself-discipline"chapter,cleartoexceedthestandard,beyondthescopeofthereceptionorborrowmachineeatinganddrinkingetc.someinviolationoftheprovisionsofthespiritoftheeightcentralrelevantpersonsresponsibleforpunishment,oncetheviolationwillbeaccordingtotheseverelypunished,binding,enhancedsignificantly.OneistoaddnArticle87,abouttoobtainillegal,hold,andtheactualuseofthesportscard,golfballcardsandotherconsumercard.Illegalaccesstoprivateclubsmadethepunishmentprovisions.ThesecondisincreasetheArticle97,hasmadeprovisionsofthedispositionofillegalselfpayor17spammingallowances,subsidiesandbonuses.ThethirdisaddedtotheArticle99,onviolationofsuperstandard,beyondthescopeofthereceptionorborrowmachineeatanddrinktomaketheprovisionsofpunishment.ThefourthistoincreasetheArticle101,onthemanagementofconferenceactivitiesinviolationoftheprovisionsmadesanctionsregulations.ThefifthistheincreasedArticle102,forviolationofofficespacemanagementprovisionsmadethepunishmentprovisions.SixistosplittheoriginalArticle78,formedarticle98,Article100ofpublicModelsoftourism,violatetheprovisionsontheadministrationoftheuseofdisciplineofthebusthroughthelistofmadeamoredetailedprovisions,applymoreoperational.Sevenisincreasedthearticle96,inviolationoftherelevantprovisionsofthe,toparticipateinpublicfundstopayfordinner,highconsumptionofentertainment,fitnessactivitiesandpublicfundstobuyngift,sendgiftstomaketheprovisionsofthedisposition.Ontheviolationofthecentralprovisionsofthespiritoftheeight,inadditionto>,revisedclearlydefinednotonlytodispositionofthedirectlyresponsiblepersons,butalsodisposeofcollarGuideresponsibilities.(2)increasedtradingrights,useofauthorityorpositioninfluenceasrelativesandclosetoprofitviolationofthetermsoftheabsorptiontherelevantprovisionsspirit,increasethe"negativelist,includingtradingrights,thefunctionsandpowersordutiesofinfluenceasrelativesandstaffaroundprofit.IncreaseArticle81"mutualuseofofficeorauthorityringforeachotherandtheirspouses,childrenandtheirspousesandotherrelatives,around18personnelandotherspecificrelationshipbetweenthepeopletoseekbenefitsengageintradingrights,givenawarningorseriouswarningSanctions;ifthecircumstancesarerelativelyserious,givingremovedfromorplacedonprobationwithinthepartypost;ifthecircumstancesarenserious,shallbeexpelledfromtheparty.IncreaseArticle82"connivance,acquiescencetothespouse,childrenandspouseetc.relativesandstaffaroundtheeffectofPartymembersandcadrespersonalauthorityorpositionforpersonalgain,ifthecircumstancesarerelativelyminor,givenawarningoraseriouswarning;ifthecircumstancesarerelativelyserious,givingremovedfromorplacedonprobationwithinthepartypost;ifthecircumstancesareserious,thegivenExpelledfromtheparty.Partymembersandcadresofthespouses,childrenandtheirspousesdoestheactualworkandgetsalaryoralthoughtheactualworkbuttoreceivesignificantlybeyondthesameranksalarystandard,Partymembersandcadresinformedfailstocorrect,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheprecedingparagraph."(3)aboutthegifts,giftsmisconductfromhandlingpracticesinrecentyears,engagedinofficialcadresreceivedgifts,giftsproblemsmoreprominent.ThishasseriouslyaffectedtheimageofPartymembersandcadres,damagedtherelationsbetweenthepartyandthemasses,andisahotbedofcorruption,isreallynecessaryforthiskindofbehaviortobedisciplined.noonacceptinggifts,ngifts,Cardconsumptionbehaviortoengageinsimple"onesizefitsall",butthedifferencebetweenthedifferentseparately.OneisinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle83,acceptingmayaffecttheimpartialenforcementoftheofficialgifts,gifts,consumercardstodependingontheseriousnessofthecaseshallbegivendisciplinarysanctions.Thatistosay,formayaffectthefairexecutionofbusinessgifts,gifts,consumercardsarenotallowedtoaccept.19isinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle83,acceptingwassignificantlyhigherthannormalceremonyisstillexchangesofgifts,gifts,consumercardtodisciplinaryaction.Thisisnewregulationsthatdailylifeispurelyreciprocity,acceptingthesamething,boys,fellowfriendsgifts,gifts,shoppingcards,althoughandfairexecutionofbusinesshasnothingtodo,alsowanttoasthecaseshallbedealtwith,thesituationisobviouslybeyondnormalreciprocity".Theso-called"reciprocity",oneisemphasizesthereciprocalinprotocol.Inotherwordsisyoutomehow,Itoyouhow,notonlydoesnotgo.Thesecondistosignificantlyexceededthenormallocaleconomylevel,customsandhabits,economiccapacityofnindividualgifts,giftvalue.Specificsanctionstoaccordingtotheprocessingofavarietyoffactorstoconsider,asappropriate.ThethirdistherootaccordingtotheprovisionsofArticle84,"toEngagedinpublicservicepersonnelandtheirspousesandchildren,children'sspousesandotherrelativesandotherspecificrelationshippresentedMingXianchaonormalreciprocityofgifts,gifts,consumercard,ifthecircumstancesarerelativelyserious,givenawarninguntilprobation."Inaccordancewiththeaboveprovisions,giftgivingsignificantlybeyondthenormalreciprocity,giverconstitutethediscipline.(4)onillegaltradingofstocksorofotherregulationsofsecuritiesinvestment<>Article88isengagedinpunishmentregulationofcampandactivityinviolationoftherelevantprovisionson.Amongthem,3will"buyingandsellingstocksorinothersecuritiesinvestment"columnasoneofdisciplinarycasesOut.Firstneedtobeclear,>.AccordingtotheprovisionsofArticle3,useofworktime,officefacilities,thesaleofstocksandsecuritiesinvestmentfundbelongstoillegalbehavior.Thefourthquestion,abouttheviolationofthemassesofthedisciplinaryactionswouldviolatepublicdisciplinebehaviorofasinglesetofaclassofrestored"threerulesofdisciplineandeightnote"inthedisciplineofthemassesofexcellenttraditional.Chapter9"toviolatethemassesofdisciplinaryaction",mainlythedestructionoftheparty'sclosetieswiththemassesofmisconductmadeprovisionsondisciplinary;enrichandperfectthesuperstandard,beyondnthescopeofXiangQunhasaleadpeopletopayattentiontothenewterms,thatis,inchapterten"ontheviolationofworkdisciplinebehaviorpunishment"increaseintheonehundredandfourteenth"partyfailtoperformcomprehensivestrictlythemainresponsibilityofthepartyortoperformcomprehensivenstrictlythemainresponsibilityforadministeringtheineffective,resultinginseriousdamageorseriousadverseeffects,tothepersondirectlyresponsibleandtheresponsibilityofleadershipandgiveawarningorseriouswarning.Thesituationisserious,givingremovedfromtheirpartypostsoronprobationPunishment."Herethechanges.Forthefirsttime,themainresponsibilitywrite.(2)newshallreportdoesnotreportorfalsereportingdisciplineshallincreasethe117bar"inthehigherlevelunitstochecktoinspecttheworkorreporttotheparentunit,workreportofshallreportthemattersdonotreportordonotreport,causeseriousdamageorseriousadverseeffectsof,tothepersondirectlyresponsibleandtheresponsibilityofleadership,togivewarningoraseriouswarning;ifthecircumstancesareserious,givingremovedfromtheirpartypostsorplacedonprobation."Forexample,duringthetourvisitstotheregion,theunitMemberstheobligationtotheinspectionteamstoreflectthetruesituation,toconcealnotreportedorintentionallytotheinspectionteamstoprovidefalseinformation,causingseriousdamageorseriousadverseeffectsof,thepersondirectlyresponsiblenandtheresponsibilityofleadershipshouldbeinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofArticle117togivetheappropriatepunishment.(3)thenewnotgrantedinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofpunishment,notaccordingtotheprovisionsoftheimplementationofdisciplinarymeasures22violationoftheprovisionsofArticle115"Partyorganizationshaveoneofthefollowingcircumstances,thedirectleadershipresponsibility.Probation:membersweresentencedpunished,inaccordancewiththeprovisionsgivedisciplinaryactionorinviolationofstatelawRulesofbehaviorshouldbegivendisciplinarypunishmentanddisposeof;disciplinarypunishmentbydecisionorcomplaintreviewthedecisionmade,notinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheimplementationdecisionsonpunishmentoftheparty,position,rank,andthetreatmentofthematters;Partymemberssubjecttodisciplinaryaction,notinaccordancewiththecadremanagementauthorityandorganizationalrelationshipsofbydisposeofPartymemberstocarryouteducationandsupervisionofdailymanagement."Whatneedstobepointedoutis,"cliff"demotedwithcars,housing,secretaryproblem,implementationisnotadisciplineandnpartypostsandrankstreatmentbytheorganizationdepartmentisresponsiblefortheimplementation,withcars,housingbythelogisticsdepartmentisresponsiblefortheimplementationof,JiCommissionresponsibleoversightresponsibilities.Thesixquestions,abouttheactsviolatingthedisciplineoflife"inviolationofdisciplineoflifebehaviorpunishment",mainlyto"fourwinds"problemsandaseriousviolationofsocialmorality,familyvirtueactsofmisconductmadeprovisionsondisciplinary,anincreaseofextravagantlife,contrarytothesocialpublicorderandgoodcustomsdisciplinaryterms.Worthmentioningis,>isremoved,toexpandthescopeofArticle127provisions"andothershairimpropersexualrelations,letfacedisciplinaryactionWidermorestrict.Four,andearnestlydoagoodjobintheandimplementsystemoflifeliesinexecution.andis23PartyorganizationsatalllevelsofastrongconstraintandallPartymembersfollow.Learningandimplementingtheandispartycommittees(party),commissionfordiscipline,disciplineninspectiongroup),themajorityofPartymembersandcadresofthecommonresponsibility,mustpartycaughttogether,thepartyoneexecution.()Partycommittees(party)andplayandimplementcomprehensivestrictlythemainresponsibility,paysspecialattentiontothetwopartyregulationslearningcrosspenetration.OneistoAdheretothepartyconstitutionisfundamentaltofollow,andresolutelysafeguardtheauthorityofthePartyChapter.Thesecondistoadheretotheproblemoriented,tostrictlypoliticaldisciplineandpoliticalrulemomentsinthefirstplace.Thethirdistoadheretothedisciplineandrulesquiteinfrontmustnotallowthebottomlinetobreakthediscipline.Thefourthistoseriouslyorganizethestudyofpropagandaandeducation,inthecitypartymemberstocreateadisciplined,abouttherulesofthestrongatmosphere.(II)CommissionforDisciplineInspectionatalllevels(DisciplineInspectionGroup)toanimportantbasisfortherevisedtwopartyregulationsas,adheretoeasilyblame,strengthensupervisionandenforcementAndearlymethodincombiningJi,increaseaccountabilityefforts.Oneistotworegulationswithinnthepartyimportantbasis,adheretothepartyconstitutionduties,withstrictdisciplinetomaintaintheconstitutionauthority.Thesecondistoadheretohighstandardsandkeepthebottomline,adheretoJiYaninlawanddiscipline,thedisciplineandrulesquiteinfront,graspinggraspingsmall,easilyblame,comprehensiveuseofsupervisionanddisciplineof"fourkindsofform"inthedisciplineembodiesthestrictrequirementsandcareforthediscipline,tightenup,Yan.Accordingtodisciplineinaccordancewithregulationstocarryoutdisciplinaryreview.Increasetheviolationspunishment,cluescaninitiateaninvestigationonthetrialofcasesAccordingtothedisciplineontheprovisionsoftheproportionofprocessingandcontrolmanagermaintainsdiscipline.Tofocusoninvestigatingnonconvergence,don'taccepthandseriousdisciplinaryviolationsatthesametime,paymoreattentiontothegeneralreviewofdiscipline24behavior,andgraduallyincreasethelighterpunishment.Fouristoilluminatetwopartyregulations,combinedwiththelocaldistrictoftheDepartmentofpartyconductLianzhengtorelevantlawsandregulationssystemclean,timelyresearchproposestoestablish,change,wastereleaseopinion,avoidnconflict,andthefastensystemofcage,andgraduallyformednotrot,notrot,notwanttorotsystemandworkingmechanism.(3)theleadershipofthepartymembersandcadresshouldplayanexemplaryrole.TherateofhigherconsciousnessofthefrontoftheOrdinancetoleadpracticeself-disciplinenorms,leadingtomaintaindisciplineofseriousnessandauthority.Oneistheaboverate,demonstrationandguidance,taketheleadinlearningandmasteringtheand<>therequirementsandregulations,dothedeepunderstanding,learningtouse.Thesecondistoplayanexemplaryroleinabidingbydisciplinerate,taketheleadinpracticingself-disciplinenorms,firmlyestablishbeforethedisciplineareequal,thesystemhasnoprivilege,disciplineisnoexception,andconsciouslydostandards,requiremorestrictmeasuresmorepractical.Thirdistoconsciouslyacceptsupervision,conscientiouslyparticipateinthedemocraticlifeanddebriefinghonestyresponsibility,suchasRealtothepartyorganizationtoreportpersonalmatters,andtoacceptthesupervisionoftheworkandlifeofthenormal,habitsunderthesupervisionoftheexerciseofpower,tocarryoutthework.nThefourthistosetanexampleforthestrictenforcementofdiscipline.Leadingcadresshouldtaketheleadinthemaintenanceofdisciplineofseriousnessandauthority,todaretoseriously,daretostruggle,daretooffendpeople,formisconductnotlaissezfaire,butdonotindulge,nottoleratetoensurethepartyconstitutionofpartycompassespartyputinplace.(4)themajorityofPartymembersandcadrestosethighstandardsandholdthebottomline,consciouslyabidebytheand.Oneistocontroltheand<25cases>,tightCloseconnectionwiththeirownthoughts,practicalworkandlife,effortstosolvetheproblems,toenhancethestudyandimplementoftheeffectivenessandpertinence.Thesecondistoestablishahighstandardandholdthebottomline,consciouslyintheself-disciplinepursuitofhighstandards,strictlyinthepartyawayfromtheredlinediscipline,discipline,abouttherulesandknowfear,distrust,theformationofthehonorsystem,complywiththesystem,safeguardsystemofgoodhabits.Regulationsanddisciplineregulationsof<andisthePartyCentralCommitteeinthenewsituationtopromotethecomprehensivestrictlyrootofthelift,theregulationsofthepartyconstructionofkeepingpacewiththetimes.WeshouldstudyandimplementtheStandards>and<>astheprimarypoliticaltask,adheretothepartyconstitutionduties,adheretothedisciplineof,JiYaninlaw,thefullimplementationofsupervisionanddisciplineaccountabilityresponsibilitiesforcoordinationandpromotion"fouroverall"strategiclayoutinXXDistrictvividpracticetoprovideastrongguarantee.-SiJianWu,andeffectivelyenhancetheimplementationoftheimplementationofthe<>TheconsciousnessofGeneralSecretaryXipointedoutthatthepartyisinchargeoftheparty,tomanagetheparty;strictly,itcancuregoodparty.Criterion>andkeeppacewiththetimesisourpartytoformanewpotentialstrictlyrules,todeepenunderstandingoftherulinglaw,isacomprehensivestrictly,andstrengthenthesupervisionwithinthepartyimportantgrasper.Criterion>closelylinkedtothethemeofself-discipline,self-disciplineintensity-modulated,nfocusingonmorality,forthemajorityofPartymembersandcadressettosee,feelthehighstandard,showtheCommunistsnoblemoralsentiment;DistrictOrdinance<theconstitutionofdisciplineintegrationintoapoliticaldiscipline,organizationanddiscipline,honestyanddiscipline,disciplineofthemasses,workdiscipline,discipline,emphasizediscipline,focusingonestablishedrules,todrawthepartyorganizationsandPartymembersdonottouchthebottomline.Partycommittees(party)toeffectivelystrengthenthestudyandpublicizetheimplementationoftheandtheorganizationandleadershipofcriterion>and<>afullrange,multiangle,deeppublicity,theformationofstudyandpublicizeandimplementtheboom,inordertoconsolidatethedevelopmentofgoodpoliticalenvironmenttocreateapositiveenvironmentandatmosphere.ThemajorityofPartymembersandcadrestostrictrequirements,theandasaguidetoactionandbehaviorcriterion,adheretothemoralstandardsanddisciplineofthebottomline,tomaintainthedisciplineofworshipandawe,learning,compliance,andmaintainpartydisciplinenandrulesofthemodel.Thedisciplineinspectionandsupervisionorgansandcadrestotheand<>asthedeepeningofthe"three",andstrengthensupervisionanddisciplineofaccountabilityisimportanttofollowcorrectlygrasptheuseofsupervisionanddisciplineof"fourtypes",promotethecomprehensivestrictlyinnewroots.Strictdiscipline,adheretothedisciplineandrulesquiteinfrontoftheenterpriseintheimplementationofexpensivetoimplementtoexecute.Thedisciplineinspectionandsupervisionorganstoimplementtheandasanopportunity,adheretothepartyshouldmanagethepartystrictly,seriousperformanceoftheirdutiestopromotetworegulationsimplementation.Changedisciplineconcept.Fromthesimple"investigationofillegal"toacomprehensive"stareatviolatediscipline";fromthebusinesscasetoprosecutethebigcasesandtimelysolvethesignsoftiltto.Fromtheorientationtothenormalsupervision;fromthetube"minority"toresistthe"most".GuidePartymembersandcadrestoseriouslyimplementtheand,consciouslyabidebythepolitical,organizational,honestpeople,work,lifesixdiscipline.nUrgetheleadershipcadressenttoplayanexemplaryrole,taketheleadinstrictlyenforced.RelaxationandrestStrongwindisSuJi,closelylinkedtothe"fourwinds"pronetomultiple,themassesreflectthestrongimportantnodesand,gluedtothefourwinds"newform,newtrends,seriouslyinvestigateanddealwithviolationsofthecentraleightprovisionsofthespirit,toincreasethebulletinexposureintensity,theformationofChajiu"fourwinds"loudly,continuetoreleaseanddisciplinemustbestrictsignal.Atthesametime,extendedsupervisiontentacles,throughthedevelopmentoftheruralandfisherypartyconductLianzhengconstructioninspection,issuedinatimelymanner,Chajiuoccurredingrassrootssideofcorruptionandunhealthy,andearnestlysafeguardtheinterestsofthemassesandsocialstability.Thecreativityanddiscipline.Graspandmakegooduseofthesupervisionanddisciplineof"fourtypes",toensurethePromotingcluestolotsofdisciplineandthelawofthevacuumtube,stricttogether.Notonlytothe"less"and"veryfew"thoroughinvestigationseverelypunished,butalsothe"most"tomaintainzerotolerancetrendthroughlayersofconductivepressure,letthedisciplineaboutthenrulesforeachpartymembersandcadresconsciouslyfollow.Atpresent,itisnecessarytoimplementthe"list"management,strictlyfollowthecluestothedisposaloffivestandards,maketheclassificationofdisposal,dynamiccleanup.ZadokPartycommitteesatalllevelstoimplementthemainresponsibility,comprehensiveuseofdisciplinaryactionandtissueprocessingandothermeanstoeffectivelycurbthecommonplace,usedtoseedonotblamethe"smallproblem",notbecauseof"practice"and"exception".ProminentDisciplinecharacteristics,theproblemsofviolationofdisciplineandrulesintothefocusofsupervisionanddisciplineanddisciplinaryreview.Atthesametime,increasecasedoublechecktheintensity,theseriousproblemsofdisciplineviolationsor"fourwinds"banbutnotabsolutely,notonlytobehelddirectlyresponsible,butalsoheldleadershipresponsibility;notonlytopursuestudiesthemainresponsibilityofthePartycommittee,andtopursueCommissionforDisciplineInspectionandsupervisionresponsibilitiesandpromoteaccountabilitytobecomethenewnorm.Theimplementationofsupervisoryresponsibility.Maintainandtheseriousnessandauthorityofthedisciplineandrulesnandtrulybecometheparty'sruler.Disciplineassupervisionwithinthepartythespecializedagency,wemuststrengthentheresponsibilitytoact,adheretotheImpartialdisciplineaccountability,earnestlywillbestrictdiscipline,disciplinemustbepunished,andseverelypunishtheactsinviolationofrulesandregulations.