内蒙古岛状冻土地区公路路基施工技术研究所 93页

޵㫉ਔዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟䐟สᯭᐕᢰᵟ⹄ウStudyofhighwaysubgradeconstructiontechnologyinthesegregatedfrozengroundareainInnerMongoliaᆖ、уъ˖൏ᵘᐕ〻⹄ウ⭏˖ᕐ⦹ᕪᤷሬᮉᐸ˖б㓒ዙᮉᦸԱъᮉᐸ˖ߟᆸѝᮉᦸཙ⍕བྷᆖᔪㆁᐕ〻ᆖ䲒Ҽ䴦аҼᒤӄᴸn⤜ࡋᙗ༠᰾ᵜӪ༠᰾ᡰ੸ӔⲴᆖս䇪᮷ᱟᵜӪ൘ሬᐸᤷሬл䘋㹼Ⲵ⹄ウᐕ֌઼ਆᗇⲴ⹄ウᡀ᷌ˈ䲔Ҷ᮷ѝ⢩࡛࣐ԕḷ⌘઼㠤䉒ѻ༴ཆˈ䇪᮷ѝнवਜ਼ަԆӪᐢ㓿ਁ㺘ᡆ᫠߉䗷Ⲵ⹄ウᡀ᷌ˈҏнवਜ਼Ѫ㧧ᗇཟ⍛ཝᆜᡆަԆᮉ㛢ᵪᶴⲴᆖսᡆ䇱Җ㘼⭘䗷ⲴᶀᯉDŽоᡁа਼ᐕ֌Ⲵ਼ᘇሩᵜ⹄ウᡰڊⲴԫօ䍑⥞൷ᐢ൘䇪᮷ѝ֌Ҷ᰾⺞Ⲵ䈤᰾ᒦ㺘⽪Ҷ䉒᜿DŽᆖս䇪᮷֌㘵ㆮ਽˖ㆮᆇᰕᵏ˖ᒤᴸᰕႤ༡ռဂܹݨ˝˝ᆖս䇪᮷⡸ᵳ⭘ᦸᵳҖᵜᆖս䇪᮷֌㘵ᆼޘҶ䀓ཟ⍛ཝᆜᴹޣ؍⮉ǃ⭘ᆖս䇪᮷Ⲵ㿴ᇊDŽ⢩ᦸᵳཟ⍛ཝᆜਟԕሶᆖս䇪᮷Ⲵޘ䜘ᡆ䜘࠶޵ᇩ㕆ޕᴹޣᮠᦞᓃ䘋㹼Ự㍒ˈᒦ䟷⭘ᖡঠǃ㕙ঠᡆᢛ᧿ㅹ༽ࡦ᡻⇥؍ᆈǃ≷㕆ԕ׋ḕ䰵઼ُ䰵DŽ਼᜿ᆖṑੁഭᇦᴹޣ䜘䰘ᡆᵪᶴ䘱Ӕ䇪᮷Ⲵ༽ঠԦ઼⻱ⴈDŽ˄؍ᇶⲴᆖս䇪᮷൘䀓ᇶਾ䘲⭘ᵜᦸᵳ䈤᰾˅ᆖս䇪᮷֌㘵ㆮ਽˖ሬᐸㆮ਽˖ㆮᆇᰕᵏ˖ᒤᴸᰕㆮᆇᰕᵏ˖ᒤᴸᰕn᪈㾱བྷޤᆹዝൠ४ᱟᡁഭዋ⣦߫൏࠶ᐳⲴѫ㾱ൠ४ѻаˈ޵㫉ਔ㠚⋫४ຳ޵Ⲵ߫൏ѫ㾱࠶ᐳ൘䈕ൠ४DŽ㾯䜘བྷᔰਁԕᶕˈ޵㫉ਔ㠚⋫४Ⲵޜ䐟ส⹰䇮ᯭᔪ䇮䙏ᓖ໎䮯䖳ᘛˈ൘߫൏࠶ᐳൠ४ҏӗ⭏Ҷ䈨ཊ䰞仈DŽሩዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४ᯭᐕᢰᵟ䘋㹼᧒㍒઼ᙫ㔃ˈሩ䈕ൠ४ⲴަԆޜ䐟ᔪ䇮䎧ࡠُ䢤֌⭘ˈ਼ᰦˈሩᡁഭ߫൏ൠ४Ⲵ⧟؍઼、⹄ҏާᴹ䟽㾱Ⲵᤷሬ᜿ѹDŽᵜ᮷࠶࡛ԕ޵㫉ਔ㠚⋫४Ⲵঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ᔪ䇮Ѫᐕ〻Ṹˈ࠶࡛⹄ウҶዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᯭᐕᐕ㢪ᢰᵟˈᨀࠪҶ༴⨶߫൏䐟ส䇮䇑ᯭᐕⲴᯠᢰᵟ≄⌑䖫䍘൏䳄✝ᢰᵟˈᒦ䙊䗷ਾᵏⲴⴁ᧗㿲⍻ˈሩዋ⣦߫൏Ⲵ䐟ส༴⨶᭸᷌䘋㹼Ҷ傼䇱DŽᵜ᮷ᨀࠪⲴዋ⣦߫൏ᯭᐕᢰᵟ؍䳌Ҷᯭᐕሩ߫൏ൠสᒢᢠⲴൠ⑙っᇊˈӾ㘼؍䇱Ҷ༴Ҿ߫൏ൠสкⲴޜ䐟䐟สⲴ⊹䱽っᇊᙗDŽޣ䭞䇽˖ޜ䐟䐟สዋ⣦߫൏ᐞᔲ⊹䱽᧗ࡦ≄⌑䖫䍘൏DŽnAbstractTheDaxinganlingrangeisoneofthemajorsegregatedfrozengroundareasinChina,thepermafrostofInnerMongoliaAutonomousRegionismainlydistributedinthisarea.SinceChina’sWesternDevelopment,InnerMongolia’shighwayinfrastructuresisdevelopinginveryfastspeed,however,thereweremanyproblemsoccurredinthisarea.Theexperienceofconstructioninsegregatedfrozengroundregionshasprovidedgoodreferenceforthehighwayconstructionsinotherregions,anditisanimportantguidancetoenvironmentprotectionandscienceresearchinfrozengroundareasinChina.TheconstructionofBo-Yaexpresswayweretakenastheengineeringcasesinthisarticle,theconstructiontechnologyofsegregatedfrozengroundareawerestudiedseparately.TheyweretechnologyofSubgradedifferentsettlementinpatchypermafrostareaandtheapplicationofthefoamedmixturelightweightsoilheatinsulationtechnology.Theywereprovedbymonitoringobservationsatlaterstage.Theseconstructiontechnologiesinsegregatedfrozengroundareaensuredthetemperaturestabilityofthegroundandthestabilityofsettlementofhighwaysubgradeinthefrozengroundarea.Keywords:Highwaysubgrade;segregatedfrozenground;DifferentSettlementControl;FoamedMixtureLightWeightSoilnⴤᖋㅜаㄐ㔚䇪..................................................................................................................................11.1⹄ウ㛼Ჟ.............................................................................................................................11.1.1߫൏൘ц⭼㤳ത઼ഭ޵࠶ᐳᛵߥ..........................................................................11.1.2߫൏൘ᡁഭⲴ࠶ᐳ..................................................................................................11.1.3བྷޤᆹዝ४ฏ㠚❦ൠ⨶⣦ߥ..................................................................................41.2߫൏४ޜ䐟ᯭᐕѝⲴѫ㾱䰞仈........................................................................................51.3ഭ޵ཆ⹄ウ⧠⣦................................................................................................................61.4ѫ㾱⹄ウ޵ᇩ઼⹄ウᢰᵟ䐟㓯........................................................................................8ㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ..................................................................................92.1ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟Ⲵᾲߥ...........................................................................................................92.2ঊ⢉儈䙏⋯㓯߫൏࠶ᐳ....................................................................................................102.2.1ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟Ⲵ⋯㓯߫൏࠶ᐳ䈳⹄...................................................................122.3ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟⋯㓯ዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏࠶ᐳᖡ૽ഐ㍐࠶᷀...........................................142.3.1≄ىоዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵޣ㌫..................................................................................142.3.2ൠᖒൠ䊼ᖒᘱ.........................................................................................................152.3.3߫൏ൠቲዙᙗ.........................................................................................................162.3.4≤᮷ൠ䍘ᶑԦ........................................................................................................162.3.5㾶ⴆቲ৺Ἵ㻛⣦ߥ................................................................................................172.3.6〟䴚........................................................................................................................182.4ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟⋯㓯ዋ⣦߫൏Ⲵ࠶ᐳ⢩⛩.........................................................................182.5ሿ㔃...................................................................................................................................19ㅜйㄐཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀.....................................................................213.1ཊᒤ߫൏४䐟ส⯵ᇣ䈳ḕ࠶᷀.........................................................................................213.2ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽༴⋫᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀......................................................................233.3ᵜㄐሿ㔃...........................................................................................................................26ㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ.............................................................................284.1䐟สっᇊᙗ䇴ԧ⹄ウ........................................................................................................284.2ዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⋫ᯩṸо᭸᷌࠶᷀.................................................................................294.2.1ዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⋫৏ࡉ.................................................................................................294.2.2ዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⋫ᯩṸ.....................................................................................30n4.3ᵪ⨶৺᭸᷌࠶᷀................................................................................................................404.3.1⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส⭘᭸᷌࠶᷀....................................................................................404.3.2XPS؍⑙䳄✝䐟ส⭘᭸᷌࠶᷀.......................................................................414.3.3ᕪཟ༴⋫᭸᷌࠶᷀.............................................................................................424.4ᵜㄐሿ㔃............................................................................................................................44ㅜӄㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⨶ᯭᐕᐕ⌅⹄ウ......................................................................................455.1䬪䇮XPS؍⑙䳄✝ᶯ......................................................................................................455.2⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส........................................................................................................................465.3ᕪཟ..................................................................................................................................485.4ᵜㄐሿ㔃...........................................................................................................................51ㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ.......................................................................526.1⊹䱽㿲⍻................................................................................................................................526.1.1㿲⍻ⲴⴞⲴ઼᜿ѹ..................................................................................................526.1.2ዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส䈅傼䐟⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯩṸ.......................................................................526.1.3䐟ส⊹䱽ᶯ෻䇮䈤᰾.............................................................................................546.1.4ᯭᐕ৺㿲⍻⌘᜿һ亩..............................................................................................566.1.5㿲⍻㔃᷌................................................................................................................566.2ൠ⑙㿲⍻................................................................................................................................586.2.1ൠ⑙㿲⍻ⲴⴞⲴ઼᜿ѹ..........................................................................................586.2.2ൠ⑙㿲⍻ާփ޵ᇩ..................................................................................................586.2.3ዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⍻⑙ᆄᐳ䇮ᯩṸ..............................................................................586.2.4⑙ᓖՐᝏಘ෻䇮ᯩ⌅.............................................................................................616.2.5䈅傼䐟ൠ⑙⍻⑙৏⨶৺ᯩ⌅..................................................................................626.2.6䈅傼䐟ൠ⑙㿲⍻仁⦷............................................................................................626.2.7㿲⍻㔃᷌.................................................................................................................636.3ᵜㄐሿ㔃...............................................................................................................................69ㅜгㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウ........................................................707.1ᕅ䀰..................................................................................................................................707.2׍ᢈᐕ〻ᾲߥ....................................................................................................................707.2.1ᐕ〻ㆰӻ.................................................................................................................707.2.2ᢰᵟḷ߶................................................................................................................707.2.3ൠ⨶ս㖞ǃൠ䊼......................................................................................................717.2.4≄ן........................................................................................................................717.3≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏ᶴԦ৺䝽ਸ∄䇮䇑..................................................................................71n7.3.1≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏ᶀᯉ৺ަᓄ⭘ᾲߥ.......................................................................717.3.2≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏ᇎփ亴ࡦ㿴Ṭ...............................................................................717.3.3≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦᇎփ䝽ਸ∄...........................................................................727.4≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏൘ᐕ〻ѝⲴ䘀⭘৺ަ᭸᷌ⴁ⍻...............................................................747.4.1≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇᐳ䇮৺䍘䟿᧗ࡦ...............................................................747.4.2≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ൘ሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠส⹰ѝ䳄✝؍⑙䈅傼৺ⴁ⍻..............757.5ᵜㄐሿ㔃............................................................................................................................80ㅜޛㄐ㔃䇪оኅᵋ......................................................................................................................81৲㘳᮷⥞.........................................................................................................................................82ਁ㺘䇪᮷઼৲࣐、⹄ᛵߥ䈤᰾.......................................................................................................84㠤䉒.........................................................................................................................................85nㅜаㄐ㔚䇪ㅢжㄖ㔠䇰1.1⹊ガ㜂Ქ1.1.1߱ൕ൞ь⮂㤹പૂള޻࠼ᐹ᛻߫ൠ⨳кཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵ࠶ᐳ䶒〟㓖ঐ䱶ൠ䶒〟Ⲵ23%ˈѫ㾱࠶ᐳ൘״㖇ᯟǃ࣐᤯བྷǃѝഭ઼㖾ഭⲴ䱯᣹ᯟ࣐ㅹൠˈަѝᡁഭⲴཊᒤ߫൏࠶ᐳ䶒〟㓖206.8×42424210kmˈӵ⅑Ҿ৏㣿㚄˄1000×10km˅઼࣐᤯བྷ˄390×10~490×10km˅ˈ42㓖Ѫ㖾ഭཊᒤ߫൏䶒〟˄140×10km˅Ⲵ1.5ˈᱟц⭼кㅜй߫൏བྷഭˈঐц⭼ཊᒤ߫൏࠶ᐳ䶒〟Ⲵ10%ˈ㓖ঐᡁഭഭ൏䶒〟Ⲵ21.5%DŽᡁഭⲴཊᒤ߫൏ѫ㾱࠶ᐳ൘ਧ〠¯ц⭼ㅜйᶱāⲴ䶂㯿儈৏кDŽമ1-1ࡇѮҶेॺ⨳ཊᒤ߫൏࠶ᐳമ˄Péweˈ1983˅DŽമ1-1ेॺ⨳ཊᒤ߫൏࠶ᐳമ1.1.2߱ൕ൞ᡇളⲺ࠼ᐹᡁഭ߫൏ṩᦞ߫㔃ᰦ䰤ਟ࠶Ѫйབྷ㊫˖ཊᒤ߫൏ǃᆓ㢲߫൏઼ⷜᰦ߫൏ˈ1nㅜаㄐ㔚䇪㿱മ1-2DŽ਴㊫߫൏Ⲵ४ࡂࡽᨀǃ؍ᆈᰦ䰤઼߫㶽⢩ᖱ㿱㺘1-1DŽമ1-2ѝഭ߫൏࠶ᐳമ㺘1-1਴㊫߫൏४ࡂ׍ᦞ४ࡂᤷḷ߫൏㊫߫൏؍४ࡂࡽᨀ˄ᒤᒣ൷≄߫㶽⢩ᖱරᆈᰦ䰤⑙ˈć˅བྷ⡷䘎㔝ⲴѪᒤᒣ൷ൠ-2.4̚-5ćཊᒤ߫䶒⑙ᓖİσ2ᒤᆓ㢲㶽ॆ൏н䘎㔝ⲴѪ0ć-0.8̚-2ćᴰվᴸᒣᆓ㢲߫൷ൠ䶒⑙ᆓ㢲߫㔃ǃ൏ᓖ8̚14σ1ᴸн䘎㔝߫㔃İ0ćᶱㄟᴰվн䘎㔝ⷜᰦ߫ൠ䶒⑙ᓖ18.5̚22˘1ᴸ߫㔃ǃཌ䰤൏İ0ć߫㔃2nㅜаㄐ㔚䇪㺘ѝᆓ㢲߫㔃˄ᡆᆓ㢲㶽ॆ˅Ⲵਜ਼ѹᱟ൏ᤱ㔝߫㔃˄ᡆ㶽ॆ˅ᰦ䰤σ1ᴸˈн䘎㔝߫㔃ᤷ൏ᤱ㔝߫㔃ᰦ䰤<1ᴸDŽ㺘1-2઼㺘1-3࠶࡛ࡇѮҶṩᦞ1:400зѝഭߠǃ䴚ǃ߫൏࠶ᐳമ㔏䇑ᗇࡠⲴ਴㊫߫൏ᙫ䶒〟৺ཊᒤ߫൏࠶ᐳ䶒〟DŽཊᒤ߫൏઼ᆓ㢲߫൏४Ⲵ䶒〟ঐޘഭᙫ䶒〟Ⲵ75%DŽ㺘1-2਴㊫߫൏Ⲵ࠶ᐳ䶒〟42߫൏㊫ර࠶ᐳ䶒〟˄×10km˅ঐޘഭ䶒〟Ⲵ䶒࠶ᮠ˄%˅ཊᒤ߫൏206.821.5ᆓ㢲߫൏513.753.5ⷜᰦ߫൏229.123.942㺘1-3ཊᒤ߫൏४࠶ᐳ䶒〟˄×10km˅ൠ४བྷ⡷䘎㔝ཊᒤ߫൏н䘎㔝ཊᒤ߫൏४ሿ䇑४བྷޤᆹዝ9.622.432.0ሿޤᆹዝ1.91.9䮯ⲭኡㅹ0.10.1䱯ቄ⌠ኡ1.40.51.9㾯߶ದቄኡൠ0.10.10.2ཙኡ4.33.47.7ᑅ㊣ቄ0.80.91.7⽱䘎ኡ5.63.99.5䶂㯿儈৏69.479.9149.3ަԆ儈ኡ1.01.52.5ᡁഭཊᒤ߫൏ѫ㾱࠶ᐳ൘ьेൠ४བྷǃሿޤᆹዝǃ㾯䜘儈ኡൠ४˄ᯠ⮶䱯ቄ⌠ኡ઼ཙኡ˅ԕ৺䶂㯿儈৏ㅹൠDŽѝഭьेⲴཊᒤ߫൏սҾ⅗ӊབྷ䱶儈㓜ᓖཊᒤ߫൏४Ⲵই㕈ˈই⭼սҾे㓜46°36˃̚49°24˃ˈ䶂㯿儈৏Ⲵཊᒤ߫൏኎Ҿ儈⎧ᤄཊᒤ߫൏ˈᱟц⭼кѝǃվ㓜ᓖൠᑖ⎧ᤄᴰ儈ˈ䶒〟ᴰབྷⲴཊᒤ߫൏४DŽ޵㫉ਔ㠚⋫४ൠ༴ᡁഭⲴे䜘䗩⮶ˈຳ޵བྷ䜘኎Ҿ⎧ᤄаॳ㊣ԕкⲴ޵㫉ਔ儈৏DŽь䜘ൠ४኎Ҿབྷޤᆹዝኡ४ˈ䈕ൠ४࠶኎⑙ᑖॺᒢᰡ઼ᒢᰡབྷ䱶ᙗ≄ىˈ䈕४ฏ߫൏,བྷ㠤࠶ᐳ൘े㓜46.5Éԕेˈަѝ,ṩ⋣ǃਹ᣹᷇ǃ࣐Ṭ䗮ཷԕेѫ㾱Ѫ䘎㔝Ⲵཊᒤ߫൏˗᣹ᐳབྷ᷇ǃᓃ䜭ቄˈሿҼ⋏ԕेѪኡൠዋ⣦߫൏˗ঊമǃຄቄ≄ǃ䱯ቄኡԕेᱟш䲥ዋ⣦߫൏˗ሿҼ⋏઼ᄙ⊏ԕইⲴᒯབྷൠ४ਚᴹ䴦ᱏ࠶ᐳDŽ3nㅜаㄐ㔚䇪ዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४ᱟཊᒤ䘎㔝߫൏䘰ॆⲴ䗩㕈ൠ४ˈཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵই⭼䱴䘁ˈᱟབྷ䶒〟ཊᒤ䘎㔝߫൏оᆓ㢲߫൏ൠ४Ⲵѝ䰤䗷⑑ᑖDŽዋ⣦߫൏኎Ҿн䘎㔝ཊᒤ߫൏ˈᱟ儈⑙нっᇊ߫൏ˈ߫൏ൠ⑙а㡜൘0ć̚-1ćѻ䰤ˈዋ⣦߫൏Პ䙽੸⧠ᶱнっᇊ⣦ᘱˈᇩ᱃ਇࡠཆ⭼ᒢᢠ㘼䗵䙏ਁ⭏䘰ॆDŽ1.1.3ཝުᆿዣ॰ต㠠❬൦⨼⣬߫བྷޤᆹዝൠ༴ᡁഭᴰे䜘ˈᖰेо״㖇ᯟѝ㾯՟࡙ӊь䜘ኡൠ⴨䘎ˈই䎧े㓜46Éˈབྷޤᆹዝѫኡ㜹੸ेь̚ই㾯䎠ੁˈ䮯㓖1400ޜ䟼ˈ䶒〟㓖38зᒣᯩޜ䟼DŽൠ࣯ᙫⲴ䎻࣯ᱟইे儈ˈѝ䰤⮕վˈѪнሩ〠ኡൠˈ㾯㕃ь䲑ˈ㾯එѪᒣ㕃Ⲵኡൠш䲥઼޵㫉ਔ儈৏ˈьඑ䲑ጝˈኡඑൠ␡࠷ˈ⋣䉧ਁ㛢ˈኡൠ⎧ᤄ儈ᓖа㡜൘300̚1300㊣ˈইㄟᴰ儈ਟ䗮1700㊣ԕкDŽኡൠ⴨ሩ儈ᐞ൘࠶≤ዝൠ⇥㓖200̚400㊣ˈ൘⋣䉧ൠ⇥㓖100̚250㊣DŽབྷޤᆹዝኡൠѫ㾱ᱟ⎧㾯ᵏо⠅ኡᵏ㣡዇ዙ઼ѝ⭏ԓ⚛ኡዙˈཚਔԓⲴ⡷哫ዙ㓴ᡀˈ㠚ㅜй㓚ᵛᡆㅜഋ㓚ࡍԕᶕˈ൘㘱ᶴ䙐ส⹰каⴤ༴Ҿ㕃ធᐞᔲᣜॷˈ䮯ᵏਇ࢕㲰ᡆཧᒣˈа㡜↻〟৊ᓖѪ1̚2㊣ˈዙᙗѪ⺾⸣䀂⹮ᡆӊ㋈൏ཀྵ⺾⸣ˈ㺘ቲᑨᴹ0.2㊣ᐖਣ৊Ⲵ㥹Ⳟ㞀Ἵ൏ˈኡ⋣䉧ൠǃኡ哃ൠᑖǃ⳶ൠᶮᮓቲึ〟⴨ሩ䖳৊ˈѫ㾱Ѫ⌕⍱ึ〟৺එ⍚〟⢙ˈ㺘ቲѪ⌕⛝৺㞀Ἵ൏,л䜘Ѫӊ⸲ǃӊ㋈൏ཀྵ⺾⸣ǃ⸲⹮ˈᙫ৊ᓖа㡜н䎵䗷10̚12㊣DŽབྷޤᆹዝኡൠⲴἽ㻛ཊѪ৏࿻἞᷇ˈᵘ৺䜘࠶⅑⭏᷇ㅹˈᱟᡁഭѫ㾱ᵘᶀӗൠѻаDŽे䜘ᱟԕޤᆹ㩭ਦᶮѪѫⲴሂ⑙ᑖኡൠ䪸ਦ᷇ᑖˈᖰই䙀⑀䗷⑑Ѫ䪸䱄ਦ␧Ӕ᷇ᡆ἞᷇㥹৏ˈࡠᵜ४Ⲵই䜘䗩㕈Ѫߌъ४ˈਟ⿽Ἵߌ֌⢙DŽབྷޤᆹዝኡൠ⋣⍱ਁ㛢ˈ਴⋣᭟⍱ᇶ䳶DŽ䖳བྷ⋣⍱ᴹ仍ቄਔ㓣⋣ǃᄙ⊏ǃ唁嗉⊏ㅹDŽ仍ቄਔ㓣⋣ᱟབྷޤᆹዝⲴ㾯䜘䗩⭼ˈޘ䮯㓖900ޜ䟼ˈᄙ⊏ᱟབྷሿޤᆹዝѻ䰤Ⲵѫ㾱⋣⍱ˈབྷޤᆹዝьඑᡆьইඑ઼ሿޤᆹዝইඑᡆ㾯ইඑѻᡰᴹ⋣⍱൷⍱ޕ䈕⋣≤ฏDŽ唁嗉⊏Ѫѝ״єഭ⭼⋣ˈᱟབྷޤᆹዝे䜘ᴰབྷ⋣⍱ˈк⑨⎧᣹ቄ⋣ǃબ⧋⋣ˈ䱯ᵘቄ⋣ˈⴈਔ⋣Ѫަ䖳བྷ᭟⍱ˈл⑨ᓃቄᇮ⋣ǃ䘺⋣ǃ⋮⋣ㅹ᭟⍱൷≷ޕ唁嗉⊏DŽޘ४⋣⍱4ᴸѝᰜ㠣5ᴸѝᰜ䀓߫ˈ⍱ߠᵏ䖳⸝ˈ⇿ᒤ10ᴸлᰜ㠣11ᴸкᰜᔰ࿻㔃ߠˈᒦ䲿ѻሱ߫ˈሱ߫ᵏ䗮5̚6њᴸˈߠ߫䖳৊˄0.8̚3.0㊣˅DŽབྷޤᆹዝ኎Ҿ儈㓜ᓖབྷ䱶ᙗ≄ىDŽेਇ㾯՟࡙ӊሂ⍱᧗ࡦˈ㾯ਇ㫉ਔ儈঻≄⍱ᖡ૽ˈާᴹ≄ىѕሂˈߜᆓ⢩䮯ˈ༿ᆓᶱ⸝Ⲵ⢩⛩DŽሂߧᱟ䈕४≄ىⲴѫ㾱⢩ᖱѻаDŽṩᦞᡁഭ≄䊑䍴ᯉ㺘᰾ˈ䈕४Ⲵ≄⑙㾱∄਼㓜ᓖⲴަᆳൠ४Ⲵ≄⑙㾱վDŽ৏ഐѫ㾱ᱟਇᆓ仾Ⲵᖡ૽DŽߜᆓ¯ሂ▞ā⍫ࣘॱ࠶仁㑱ˈᑨᑨᱟа⅑¯ሂ▞ā䗷ਾˈࡊࡊഎ᳆ࠐཙˈㅜҼ⅑¯ሂ▞ā৸᧕䑥㘼㠣ˈሂ▞䰤䳉എ᳆ᶱަ⸝׳ˈ↓ᱟ൘䘉仁仁ޕץⲴߧオ≄᧗ࡦ઼ᖡ૽ѻлˈ᡽བྷޤᆹዝൠ४ᡀѪц⭼к਼㓜ᓖߜ4nㅜаㄐ㔚䇪ᆓᴰߧⲴൠ४DŽаᴸᒣ൷≄⑙∄਼㓜ᓖަᆳൠ४བྷ㓖վ3̚10ćDŽ༿ᆓˈᵜ४ਇཚᒣ⌻儈঻ᖡ૽ˈьইᆓ仾໎ᕪˈইᶕ᳗⒯オ≄ⓀⓀੁे䗃ޕˈоेᶕߧオ≄൘ᵜ४Ӕ≷ˈᖒᡀཊ䱤ǃ䴘ཙ≄DŽ↔ᰦ↓ᱟгǃޛєᴸˈᱟᵜ४༿ᆓ儈⑙ᰦᵏˈ⭡Ҿཊ䴘ˈаᇊ〻ᓖкᣁࡦҶ༿ᆓ≄⑙໎儈ˈᡰԕ༿ᆓ∄਼㓜ᓖⲴᯠ⮶ൠ४վ1.0̚3.0ćDŽн㇑ᶕ㠚ेӊབྷ䱶Ⲵߧオ≄ˈ䘈ᱟ༿ᆓ仾ᑖᶕⲴཊ䴘ཙ≄ˈަᙫ᭸᷌ᱟа㠤Ⲵˈ䜭䙐ᡀབྷޤᆹዝൠ४∄਼㓜ᓖަᆳൠ४⋑ᴹⲴѕሂվ⑙DŽ⭡Ҿਇ㾯՟࡙ӊˈ㫉ਔ儈঻᧗ࡦ৺ᖡ૽ˈབྷޤᆹዝൠ४ᒯ⌋࠶ᐳ⵰䘶⑙ቲˈ䘉ᱟᵜ४≄ىⲴ৸а⢩⛩DŽབྷޤᆹዝे䜘༴൘㾯՟࡙ӊߧ儈঻䗩㕈ˈߜᆓߧ儈঻ѝᗳⲴߧオ≄л⊹ˈ䗩㕈オ≄кॷ㺕儈঻オ≄Ⲵн䏣ˈオ≄кॷᖒᡀ㔍✝໎⑙ˈ㘼ᓅቲオ≄⑙ᓖ⴨ሩ䖳վˈഐ↔ˈ㠚ൠ䶒ੁ儈オᖒᡀ⑙ᓖ䘶໎ˈҏቡᱟ䘶⑙⧠䊑DŽ䘶⑙ቲѝᗳབྷ㓖սҾ״㖇ᯟ䳵ᓃᯟই䜘ኡൠDŽ䘶⑙ᕪᓖ৺䘶⑙ቲ৊ᓖˈ㠚儈঻ѝᗳੁই߿ᕡਈ㮴DŽ൘ѝ㾯՟࡙ӊኡൠˈ䘶⑙ቲ৊ᓖ䗮1200̚1500㊣ˈ䘶⑙ởᓖ1.5̚2.0ć/100㊣ˈ䘋ޕᡁഭຳ޵䘶⑙ቲ৊ᓖѪ500̚1000㊣ˈ䘶⑙ởᓖ═⋣1.0ć/100㊣ˈ⎧᣹ቄ0.5ć/100㊣ˈᄙ⊏0.8ć/100㊣ˈҏቡᱟ䈤ˈ⎧ᤄ⇿ॷ儈100㊣ˈኡ亦≄⑙ࡉॷ儈0.5̚1.0ćDŽབྷޤᆹዝᒤ䱽≤䟿а㡜н䎵䗷500∛㊣ˈѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘6ǃ7ǃ8ᴸˈঐޘᒤ䱽≤䟿Ⲵ60̚80%ˈ9ᴸᵛ㠣㗼ᒤ5ᴸкᰜѪ䱽䴚ᵏˈ㠚ইੁे〟䴚䙀⑀໎৊˄5̚35ৈ㊣˅DŽ䈕४㫨ਁ䟿а㡜བྷҾ1000∛㊣ˈ5̚7ᴸ㫨ਁ䟿ᴰབྷˈঐޘᒤᙫ㫨ਁ䟿Ⲵ50%ᐖਣDŽޘᒤᰕ➗ᰦᮠབྷ㓖Ѫ2400̚2900ሿᰦˈ5ǃ6ǃ7ǃ8ഋњᴸᰕ➗ᴰᕪˈ11ǃ12ǃ1йњᴸᰕ➗ᴰᕡDŽ1.2߱ൕ॰ޢ䐥᯳ᐛѣⲺѱ㾷䰤从߫൏ൠ४ᑨ㿱Ⲵ䚃䐟⹤ൿ⧠䊑ᴹ˖㶽⊹ǃ߫㛰ǃ㘫⍶ǃߠшǃ⎾⍱ߠㅹDŽ߫൏䐟สਈᖒ⢩ᖱоཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵᶴ䙐㊫රǃཊᒤ߫൏ᐕ〻ൠ䍘ᶑԦǃᒤᒣ൷ൠ⑙ԕ৺ᆳԜ൘⋯㓯Ⲵᒣ䶒࠶ᐳᱟᇶнਟ࠶ⲴDŽཊᒤ߫൏㶽ॆՊ㹽⭏ࠪн਼Ⲵ߫൏㊫රˈҏᕅ䎧Ⲵ䐟สਈᖒˈ൘ਜ਼൏ߠቲо価ߠ৊ቲൠлߠൠ⇥ਈᖒᴰབྷˈቁߠоཊߠ߫൏ᴰሿˈᇼߠ߫൏ӻҾє㘵ѻ䰤˗н਼ൠ䍘ᶑԦлˈԕӊ㋈൏ǃӊ⸲൏ㅹ㓶仇㋂ѪѫⲴൠ⇥⭡Ҿ儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿߫൏ਁ㛢ӗ⭏Ⲵ㶽⊹䟿བྷˈሬ㠤Ⲵ䐟สਈᖒѕ䟽ˈԕ⹮⸣ǃ⺾⸣ㅹ㋇仇㋂ѪѫⲴൠ⇥ˈ⭡Ҿ儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿߫൏䖳䳮ਁ㛢ˈ㶽⊹䟿ሿˈ䐟ส⴨ሩっᇊ˗н਼ᒤᒣ൷ൠ⑙ᛵߥлˈ൘儈⑙ཊᒤ߫൏४ˈ儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿Ⲵൠ⇥䐟สਈᖒᴰབྷˈ൘վ⑙ཊᒤ߫൏४ˈ䐟ส⴨ሩっᇊ䐟สਈᖒ䟿䖳ሿDŽ⭡Ҿཊᒤ߫൏ѝਜ਼ߠᶑԦ൘ᒣ䶒઼඲ⴤᯩੁⲴ࠶ᐳ൷੸н൷रᙗˈ㶽⊹㌫ᮠӗ⭏䖳བྷⲴᐞᔲˈሬ㠤䐟สᰐ䇪ᱟ㓥ੁ䘈ᱟ⁚ੁӖ൷ਁ⭏ᶱн൷रਈᖒDŽ5nㅜаㄐ㔚䇪䐟ส㶽⊹ਁ㛢㿴⁑൘䐟๔Ⲵ䱣එ઼䱤එᡚ❦н਼ˈণާᴹඑੁᙗⲴ⢩⛩DŽ䐟ส䱣එ䶒ཚ䱣➗ሴⲴᰦ䰤䮯ǃᕪᓖབྷˈഐ㘼䱣එ䶒੨✝བྷҾ䱤එ䶒ˈ䱣එлཊᒤ߫൏㶽ॆ␡ᓖབྷҾ䱤එDŽ䐟๔䎺儈ˈ䗩එඑ䶒䎺བྷˈ䱤䱣එ䶒✝᭸ᓄᐞ䐍䎺བྷˈഐ↔䲿⵰䐟ส儈ᓖⲴ໎࣐ˈ䐟ส䱤䱣є䶒Ⲵ㶽⊹ᐞᔲҏՊ໎བྷDŽ䐟ส㶽⊹ѫ㾱ਁ⭏൘ཊᒤ߫൏䖳っᇊ઼нっᇊ४ฏˈḀޜ䐟⋯㓯བྷཊᮠ䐟⇥䜭᱃ਁ⭏㶽⊹ਈᖒ㘼䙐ᡀ䐟สн൷र⊹䱽DŽн൷र⊹䱽䖳䖫Ⲵ䐟⇥ѫ㾱Ѫ䐟สᮤփл⊹ˈ䐟䶒สᵜᒣᮤˈཊਁ⭏൘ཊߠ߫൏ᡆቁߠ߫൏ൠ४ˈᡆ儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿߫൏նᒤᒣ൷ൠ⑙վҾ-1.5ćⲴཊᒤ߫൏っᇊ४DŽн൷र⊹䱽ѕ䟽Ⲵ䐟⇥䐟สተ䜘ࠩ䲧ˈ䙐ᡀ䐟䶒Ⲵ⌒⎚䎧Կˈ൘ॱࠐ㊣䐟ส㤳ത޵⌒ጠ઼⌒䉧Ⲵ儈ᐞਟ䗮0.3̚0.5mˈᴹⲴ⭊㠣䎵䗷0.5mˈѫ㾱ਁ⭏൘߫൏ᒤᒣ൷ൠ⑙儈Ҿ-1.5ćǃ儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿ཊᒤ߫൏४DŽњ࡛ൠ⇥൘儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿߫൏Ⲵ䗵䙏䘰ॆѝ䙐ᡀࠐ㊣㤳ത޵䐟䶒Ⲵ儈ᐞ䗮ࡠ0.5mԕкˈ䘉⿽ᛵߥѫ㾱ਁ⭏൘儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿ཊᒤ߫൏ᶱнっᇊ४DŽ1.3ള޻ཌ⹊ガ⧦⣬Ӫ㊫ሩ߫൏Ⲵ䇔䇶⹄ウդ䲿⵰ᐕߌъ⭏ӗᇎ䐥ˈ㓿শҶнᯝਁኅⲴশਢ䘋〻DŽࡽ㣿㚄ሩ߫൏ᐕ〻䰞仈ᴰᰙᔰኅ⹄ウ䘋㘼ᔪ・䎧⤜・ᆖ、DŽᰙ൘16ц㓚ˈ㾯՟࡙ӊ઼े㖾ࠪ⧠ޣҾ߫൏Ⲵᣕ䚃ˈM.B.㖇㫉䈪㍒ཛ൘1757ᒤਁ㺘¯߫൏ൠ”Ⲵ、ᆖ㔬䘠ˈሩ¯߫൏ൠāⲴᖒᡀ৺ަ≄ىǃൠᖒⲴޣ㌫ᨀࠪⴻ⌅DŽ19ц㓚кॺਦˈᐢࡍ↕㧧ᗇ㾯՟࡙ӊ߫൏ቲⲴ⑙ᓖǃ৊ᓖǃ෻㯿ᶑԦ઼࠶ᐳᛵߥㅹ䍴ᯉDŽ19ц㓚ਾॺਦˈ㾯՟࡙ӊᐕߌъǃӪਓབྷ䟿䗱〫ˈቔަᱟ㾯՟࡙ӊ䫱䐟Ⲵᔪ䇮ᶱབྷൠ᧘ࣘҶ߫൏⹄ウDŽ1904ᒤ㠣1914ᒤ䰤؞ᔪⲴ䱯ぶቄ䫱䐟ഐ߫㶽ᖡ૽㘼⹤ൿˈ⇿ᒤ㾱㙇䍩བྷ䟿Ⲵ䍴䠁㔤ᣔˈ׳、⹄Ӫઈ䘋а↕ሩ߫൏ᐕ〻Ⲵ⹄ウˈᒦ൘ਾᶕⲴ䍍࣐ቄ㠣䱯ぶቄ䫱䐟ᒢ㓯؞ᔪ䗷〻ѝᆼᡀҶབྷ䟿Ⲵ߫൏⹄ウᐕ֌DŽ1912ᒤ״㖇ᯟᆖ㘵ࠪ⡸Ҷlj≨ѵ߫൏о≨ѵ߫൏кⲴᔪㆁ⢙NJаҖˈ䱀䘠Ҷཆ䍍࣐ቄ≨ѵ߫൏ᶑԦлᔪ䙐ᔪㆁ⢙Ⲵᯩ⌅ˈѪᐕ〻߫൏ᆖⲴਁኅڊࠪҶᐘབྷ䍑⥞DŽ1917ᒤਾˈ߫൏⹄ウ䘋ޕᴹ䇑ࡂᴹⴞⲴ⹄ウ䱦⇥ˈᡀ・Ҷ߫൏⹄ウᵪᶴˈࡽ㣿㚄൘߫൏࣋ᆖǃ߫൏⑙ᓖ൪䇑㇇ㅹ⨶䇪࠶᷀ᯩ䶒ᴹަ⤜ࡠⲴ㿱䀓ˈሩ߫൏ᆖ⹄ウڊࠪҶᐘབྷⲴ䍑⥞DŽ1925ᒤ⍻ᗇ䉒ቄ䠁᧒ӅⲴ߫൏⑙ᓖ䍴ᯉˈ1927ᒤlj㣿㚄ຳ޵≨ѵ߫㔃൏༔NJаҖⲴࠪ⡸ḷᘇ⵰߫൏ᆖ↓䙀↕ਁኅᡀѪа䰘⤜・Ⲵᆖ、ˈ1940ᒤㅜа䜘߫൏ᆖᮉ、ҖljᲞ䙊߫൏ᆖNJࠪ⡸DŽ൘े㖾ˈ16ц㓚᮷⥞ѝᐢࠪ⧠૸ᗇ䘺⒮␡༴Ⲵዙ⸣Ѫ≨ѵ߫㔃⣦ᘱ৺ෳӰ㓽࡙㥘⒮⋯የᴹ৊ቲൠлߠփᆈ൘Ⲵᣕ䚃DŽҼᡈѻࡽˈे㖾൘ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ˈѫ㾱䘋㹼ҶаӋо䚃䐟ᐕ〻⴨ޣⲴᆓ㢲߫൏⹄ウˈཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵ⹄ウࡉᱟ൘ൠ䍘ईሏ䗷〻ѝ䘋㹼Ҷᴹ䲀ᓖⲴ᧒㍒DŽ1943ᒤ䈪ᴬᐳቄᯟ㠣䱯᣹ᯟ࣐䍩ቄ⨝ᯟ㓖6nㅜаㄐ㔚䇪2000kmⲴ㇑䚃ᔪᡀˈ⭡Ҿ⋑ᴹ䇔䇶ࡠ߫൏ቲ✝っᇊᙗ⢩⛩ˈᔪ䇮ѝሶ䗃⋩㇑䚃ⴤ᧕䬪䇮൘ൠ䶒кˈሬ㠤ཊᒤ߫൏㶽ॆл⊹ˈ㇑䚃ҏҾ⅑ᒤᓏᔳDŽ൘ㅜҼ⅑ц⭼བྷᡈѝˈӊेᶱൠ४ߋһᐕ〻ᔪ䇮ਇ߫൏䰞仈ഠᢠˈ䘛㖾ഭߋһ䜘䰘ᡀ・у䰘⹄ウᵪᶴˈᔰ࿻Ҷሩᐕ〻߫൏ᆖⲴབྷ㿴⁑⹄ウˈ1961ᒤ㖾ഭ䱶ߋ䜘ሶेᶱᔪ䇮о߫㔃֌⭘ᇎ傼ᇔ઼䴚ߠоཊᒤ߫൏⹄ウᡰਸᒦᡀ・Ҷሂ४⹄ウ઼ᐕ〻ᇎ傼ᇔˈу䰘ӾһेᶱᡈҹᶑԦǃᡯቻ㔃ᶴǃ䚃䐟ᐕ〻ㅹሂ४ᐕ〻⹄ウˈᒦਆᗇҶѠ⺅ᡀ᷌DŽ࣐᤯བྷǃ䱯᣹ᯟ࣐ߋһสൠǃᵪ൪䐁䚃ԕ৺ᡈਾ1950ᒤ䱯᣹ᯟ࣐䫱䐟؞ᔪ(䍩[7]ቄ⨝ᯟ㠣㣿঴ᗧ)൷䙷ࡠⲴ߫൏䰞仈ˈ׳߫൏ᐕ〻⹄ウⲴ䗵䙏ਁኅDŽ20ц㓚70ᒤԓ൘ሩཊᒤ߫൏઼߫൏⧟ຳᔰኅ␡ޕ⹄ウⲴส⹰кˈ؞ᔪҶे㖾ᴰབྷⲴ䱯᣹ᯟ࣐䗃⋩㇑䚃ᐕ〻ˈӾᲞ᣹ᗧ䴽䍍ࡠ⬖ቄ䘚ީˈ䍟ク䱯᣹ᯟ࣐ˈইेޘ䮯1280kmˈ㇑ᖴ1.22mˈ৏⋩⑙ᓖ70ć̚80ćˈ㇑㓯70%䙊䗷ཊᒤ߫൏४ˈ൘㶽ॆ᭿ᝏ㊫߫൏४䟷⭘ᷦオ⋩㇑䇮䇑ᯩṸˈᐕ〻ѝѪҶ䚯߫൏ቲ㶽ॆˈ䟷ਆҶ✝[10]ἂㅹ؍ᣔ߫൏っᇊᙗ᧚ᯭDŽᡁഭ൘᱕⿻ᡈഭᰦᵏ(ޜࡽ770ᒤ㠣ޜࡽ221ᒤ)ቡࠪ⧠Ҷᴹޣ߫൏Ⲵ䇠䖭DŽնᡁഭ߫൏ᐕ〻⹄ウ䎧↕䖳ᲊˈ50ᒤԓ䶂ᓧޜ䐟ǃ䶂㯿ޜ䐟ǃབྷሿޤᆹዝ᷇४ޜ䐟৺䫱䐟Ⲵ؞ᔪˈᔰࡋҶᡁഭཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४߫൏ᐕ〻⹄ウⲴᯠ㓚DŽ1957ᒤ䫱䚃䜘䰘൘བྷሿޤᆹዝ᷇४䫱䐟ई⍻䇮䇑ѝ䈳ḕҶ߫൏࠶ᐳ઼਴⿽߫൏ᐕ〻ൠ䍘⧠䊑ˈᒦሶ⴨ޣᡀ᷌ᙫ㔃ࡠljཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵᐕ〻ൠ䍘઼䫱䐟ᔪㆁNJаҖѝDŽ1953ᒤ䶂ᓧޜ䐟ǃ1954ᒤ䶂㯿ޜ䐟䙊䖖ˈ䶂㯿儈৏ཊᒤ߫൏䰞仈ᕅ䎧Ӕ䙊ǃ䫱䚃䜘䰘Ⲵޣ⌘ˈ1956ᒤ䶂㯿䫱䐟ㅜа⅑ई⍻䇮䇑ˈ↔ਾ䘁ᒤ䰤ˈത㔅䶂㯿ޜ䐟Ⲵ᭩ᔪǃ䶂㯿䫱䐟Ⲵޤᔪˈഭ޵߫൏ᐕ〻⹄ウӪઈᔰኅҶབྷ䟿Ⲵ⹄ウᐕ֌ˈᒦ⭡↔⺞[12]・ᡁഭ߫൏ᐕ〻⹄ウ൘ഭ䱵кⲴ亶ൠսDŽ1973ᒤӔ䙊䜘ᡀ・䶂㯿ޜ䐟、⹄㓴ˈӔ䙊䜘ㅜаޜ䐟ईሏ䇮䇑䲒ǃѝ、䲒ޠᐎߠᐍ߫൏⹄ウᡰㅹঅս൘↔ਾ䪸ሩ䶂㯿儈৏ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟؞ㆁᢰᵟ䘋㹼Ҷ䮯䗮30ᒤⲴн䰤ᯝ⹄ウˈ൘߫൏ᐕ〻⭼俆⅑ᔰኅཊᒤ߫൏४བྷ䶒〟䬪ㆁ⋕䶂䐟䶒ᒦ㧧ᗇᡀ࣏ˈ䘋ǃѠᇼⲴ儈৏ཊ[17]ᒤ߫൏४䐟ส؞ㆁᢰᵟѪ21ц㓚ࡍ䶂㯿䫱䐟Ⲵᔰᐕᔪ䇮ᨀ׋Ҷᇍ䍥Ⲵ㓿傼DŽᔪ䇮䜘ljޣҾঠਁаҍޛҍᒤᐕ〻ᔪ䇮уъḷ߶㿴㤳ࡦᇊǃ؞䇒䇑ࡂⲴ䙊⸕NJ˄[89]ᔪḷ䇑ᆇㅜ8ਧ˅㾱≲ˈ⭡唁嗉⊏ⴱሂൠᔪㆁ、ᆖ⹄ウ䲒ѫ㕆Ҷlj߫൏ൠ४ᔪㆁൠสส⹰䇮䇑㿴㤳NJ˄JGJ118—98˅ҏҾ1999ᒤ4ᴸ1ᰕ䎧ᯭ㹼DŽᔪ䇮䜘[1989]ᔪḷᆇㅜ42ਧ᮷Ԧ㾱≲ˈ൘ഭᇦ᷇ъተ亶ሬлˈ޵㫉ਔབྷޤᆹዝ᷇ъ䇮䇑䲒Ҿ1991ᒤ10ᴸᆼᡀҶlj߫൏ᐕ〻ൠ䍘ईሏ㿴㤳NJ㿴㤳ࡽᵏᐕ֌䈳⹄ᣕ੺ˈᒦ਼ᰦ㓿уᇦՊ䇞䙊䗷䇪䇱DŽ❦ਾ᤹ഭᇦ䇑င䇑㔬ਸ[1992]490ਧ᮷Ԧ㋮⾎ˈޘ䶒ኅᔰҶ˄GB50324—2001˅㿴㤳Ⲵ㕆ࡦᐕ֌ˈᒦҾ2001ᒤ12ᴸ1ᰕ䎧ᇎᯭDŽ7nㅜаㄐ㔚䇪1.4ѱ㾷⹊ガ޻ᇯૂ⹊ガᢶᵥ䐥㓵䇪᮷ԕ޵㫉ਔ㠚⋫४㔕┑ഭ䚃ѫᒢ㓯ঊ⢉㠣മ⸣儈䙏ޜ䐟Ѫᇎˈ࠶࡛ሩঊ⢉儈䙏ѝ߫൏Ⲵ࠶ᐳ⢩ᖱ৺༴⨶ᯩ⌅䘋㹼Ҷ⹄ウDŽަѫ㾱⹄ウ޵ᇩѪ˖1ǃঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ˗2ǃ߫൏䐟ส䐟⇥Ⲵᐞᔲ⊹䱽᧗ࡦ༴⋫ᯩ⌅˗3ǃ߫൏䐟ส䐟⇥Ⲵᯭᐕᐕ㢪DŽᢰᵟ䐟㓯˖߫൏䈳⹄——߫൏Ⲵईሏ——߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウü߫൏༴⨶ᯩ⌅⹄ウ——׍ᢈᐕ〻ᇎᯭ——㿲⍻——ᙫ㔃DŽ8nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウㅢӂㄖঐ⢏儎䙕ޢ䐥߱ൕ࠼ᐹ਀⢯ᙝ⹊ガ2.1ঐ⢏儎䙕ޢ䐥ⲺᾸ߫ঊ⢉㠣മ⸣儈䙏ޜ䐟˄ԕлㆰ〠ঊ⢉儈䙏˅ᱟ㔕┑儈䙏ޜ䐟˄GZ15˅޵㫉⇥ˈ㔕┑儈䙏ޜ䐟ᱟѝഭഭ䚃ѫᒢ㿴ࡂ¯ӄ㓥г⁚āⲴаᶑ⁚ੁᒢ㓯DŽঊ⢉ˈˈˈˈ儈䙏ޜ䐟ൠ⨶ս㖞༴Ҿь㓿120°43̚121°50ˈे㓜48°40̚49°15ˈ䘁ь㾯䎠ੁˈᮤ⇥㠚❦⧟ຳㅖਸབྷޤᆹዝᮤփ⢩ᖱˈն৸ާᴹተ䜘⢩ᙗˈ⭡Ҿ൘߫൏ই⭼䱴䘁ˈ኎ਔԓߠᐍ⊹〟↻⮉⢙ˈⴞࡽ༴Ҿ䘰ॆ䱦⇥ˈާᴹվ⎧ᤄǃ儈㓜ᓖǃнっᇊⲴ⢩⛩DŽമ2.1ঊ⢉㠣മ⸣儈䙏ޜ䐟ᡰ൘ս㖞⽪᜿മ9nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウമ2.2޵㫉ਔ¯й⁚ҍ㓥ॱҼࠪਓā⽪᜿മമ2.3ঊ⢉㠣മ⸣儈䙏ޜ䐟2.2ঐ⢏儎䙕⋵㓵߱ൕ࠼ᐹṩᦞᡁഭьेൠ४߫൏㠚❦४ࡂˈঊ⢉儈䙏սҾབྷޤᆹዝ㾯එш䲥ዋ⣦߫൏10nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ࠶ᐳ४˄III3˅DŽঊ⢉儈䙏สᵜ⋯ഭ䚃301㓯ᒣ㹼؞ᔪˈ≤ᒣ䐍⿫ᴰ䘁30mᐖਣ˄㿱മ2.4ǃമ2.5˅DŽമ2.4ᡁഭьेൠ४߫൏㠚❦४ࡂമ2.5བྷሿޤᆹዝཊᒤ߫൏࠶४മ11nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ2.2.1ঐ⢏儎䙕ޢ䐥Ⲻ⋵㓵߱ൕ࠼ᐹ䈹⹊䙊䗷ᇎൠ䫫᧒ईሏˈᗇࠪঊ⢉儈䙏⋯㓯߫൏࠶ᐳᛵߥྲл˖㺘2.1ঊ⢉儈䙏⋯㓯ዋ⣦߫൏࠶ᐳ߫൏к߫൏৊ᓖ䐟ส儈ᓖᒿਧ߫൏⇥㩭䮯ᓖ˄m˅߫൏᧿䘠䲀(m)(m)(m)1YK170+490-YK170+560700.92.33.0-3.6㊹䍘㋈൏2ZK170+480-ZK170+540600.92.73.2-3.6㊹䍘㋈൏㊹䍘㋈൏ˈਜ਼4K170+600-K172+80022001.36.80.5-5.7≤䟿27.4%㊹䍘㋈൏ˈਜ਼5K173+600-K173+8002001.32.81.7-6.0≤䟿29.7%䀂⹮ˈᶮᮓѝ6K174+000-K174+6006001.422.6-3.8ᇶ7K174+600-K174+7401403.0-3.6㊹䍘㋈൏㊹䍘㋈൏ˈਜ਼8K176+950-K177+2302801.21.65.7-6.8≤䟿28.1%9K182+500-K182+8003001.71.32.3-4.4䀂⹮ᶮᮓѝᇶ10K183+300-K183+9006004.0-5.7㊹䍘㋈൏11K183+900-K184+4005003.5-5.9㊹䍘㋈൏12K187+740-K188+4407001.93.42.9-4.1㊹䍘㋈൏13K193+550-K193+8503001.31.61.2-4.7㊹䍘㋈൏㊹䍘㋈൏ཀྵശ14K194+120-K194+5003802.2བྷҾ102.7-3.3⹮㊹䍘㋈൏ˈਜ਼15K194+680-K194+7801001.61.63.2-4.6≤䟿24.9%16K195+100-K195+3002001.621.3-2.2㊹䍘㋈൏㊹䍘㋈൏ཀྵശ17K195+500-K195+7002001.82.23.7-3.9⹮㊹䍘㋈൏ཀྵശ18K197+120-K197+3402201.8བྷҾ103.2-4.6⹮㊹䍘㋈൏ˈਜ਼19197+440-K198+60011601.5བྷҾ102.4-6.5≤䟿30.6%㊹䍘㋈൏ˈਜ਼20K199+190-K199+5403501.353.2-4.1≤䟿23.9%21K199+780-K200+1203400.50.84.4-4.9㊹䍘㋈൏㊹⸲ˈਜ਼≤䟿22K201+450-K202+0205700.82.23.7-4.814.9%㊹䍘㋈൏ཀྵശ23K202+020-K202+9609401.2བྷҾ100.5-4.3⹮ˈਜ਼≤䟿28.7%㊹⸲ˈਜ਼≤䟿24K205+750-K208+21024601.2-5.52.2-8.70-6.423.8%㊹䍘㋈൏ˈਜ਼25K210+750-K211+1804301.12.43.2-6.0≤䟿30.8%᥆ᯩ7.2վኡш䲥ˈ㊹26K254+400-K255+50011000.9-2.83.3-13.5ປᯩ7.1䍘㋈൏ˈ⹮ዙ27K260+150-K260+4703202.4-5.23.1-5.0᥆ᯩ1-5.7㊹䍘㋈൏ਸ䇑1304012nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ㓿䗷ཊ⅑ᇎൠ䐿ईˈ䟽⛩ሩ߫൏ቲ৊ᓖབྷҾ10mⲴ䐟⇥䘋㹼Ṩḕˈਁ⧠䘉Ӌ࠶ᐳᴹ৊߫൏Ⲵൠ४ཊѪ⋬⌭ൠ४ˈ䘉Ӌൠ४ൠ㺘ຄཤ㥹ਁ㛢㤲ⴋˈѪ৊ቲ߫൏ӗ⭏ᨀ׋ҶᶑԦDŽྲлമ˖മ2.6བྷޤᆹዝ᷇४മ2.7␵㺘ࡽൠ䶒⣦ߥമ2.8⧠൪᥆᧒߫൏ṧᵜമ2.9儈ਜ਼≤䟿㊹䍘㋈൏˄ਟ㿱ߠᲦ˅മ2.10⋬⌭৊ቲ߫൏䐟⇥മ2.11ຄཤ㥹ਁ㛢㤲ⴋվኡш䲥ൠ४↻⮉߫൏ˈ߫൏кቲѪ㊹䍘㋈൏઼⹮ዙᡆ㊹䍘㋈൏ˈൠл≤ս␡ˈ㋈൏䱫┎Ҷ䴘≤л⑇DŽ13nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウമ2.12վኡш䲥߫൏മ2.13վኡш䲥߫൏2.3ঐ⢏儎䙕ޢ䐥⋵㓵ዑ⣬ཐᒪ߱ൕ࠼ᐹᖧଃഖ㍖࠼᷆2.3.1≊ُфዑ⣬ཐᒪ߱ൕⲺީ㌱ঊ⢉儈䙏ᡰ኎ൠ४սҾ⑙ᑖབྷ䱶ᙗॺ⒯⏖≄ى४ˈսҾޜ䐟㠚❦४ࡂ˄III3˅४˄ዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏४˅޵ˈަѫ㾱≄ى⢩ᖱᱟ˖᱕ᆓᒢ⠕仾བྷˈ༿ᆓ⑙߹⸝׳ˈ⿻ᆓ≄⑙僔䱽䵌߫ᰙˈߜᆓሂߧ╛䮯DŽ⢉⸣ൠ४ᒤ൷≄⑙-1ćˈᴰߧᱟ1ᴸˈᴸᒣ൷≄⑙-20.1ćˈᒤᶱㄟᴰ儈≄⑙38.5ćˈᶱㄟᴰվ≄⑙-46ćDŽޘᒤᰕ➗ᮠ2750~2850ሿᰦˈᒤᒣ൷䱽≤䟿458.4mmˈѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘6~8ᴸˈঐޘᒤ䱽≤䟿Ⲵ70%DŽᒤ൷㫨ਁ䟿1455.3mmDŽᒤᒣ൷仾䙏3.4㊣/。ˈѫሬ仾ੁѪ㾯े仾DŽབྷ䜘࠶ൠ४9ᴸѝᰜࠪ⧠ᰙ䵌ˈᰐ䵌ᵏ90~130ཙˈ〟䴚ᴰབྷ␡ᓖ൘18~50cmˈᱟᡁഭ儈㓜ᓖཊᒤ߫൏ਁ㛢ൠ४DŽ≄ىഐ㍐वᤜ≄⑙ˈ≄঻ˈ仾ˈ䱽≤ˈᰕ➗ˈ㫨ਁㅹ䇨ཊഐ㍐ˈަѝ≄⑙ሩ߫൏Ⲵᖒᡀ৺؍ᣔᴹᖸབྷⲴޣ㌫DŽ≄⑙ᱟ൏༔✝䟿߿ቁ઼໎࣐ᴹⴤ᧕ޣ㌫Ⲵᴰѫ㾱ഐ㍐ˈ䙊䗷н਼ൠ⇥ˈ൘Ḁаᰦᵏ޵Ⲵ≄⑙䍴ᯉˈਟԕ䖳Ѫⴤ㿲Ⲵ৽᱐䈕ൠ४൘䘉аᰦᵏⲴ߫൏ਁ㛢䗷〻DŽമ2.14㠣2.17Ѫঊ⢉儈䙏ク䎺བྷޤᆹዝ䱴䘁≄䊑ㄉশᒤ਴ᴸᒣ൷≄⑙⣦ߥDŽ20ॱᒤᒣ൷≄⑙20Ҽॱᒤᒣ൷≄⑙1010)0)0ȭȭ-10-10⑙ᓖ(⑙ᓖ(-20-20-30-30024681012024681012ᴸԭᴸԭമ2.14⢉⢉15.2മ⑙≄൷ᒣᴸᒤ10⸣⸣20ᒤᴸᒣ൷≄⑙14nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ2010ᒤᒣ൷≄⑙30ᒤᒣ൷≄⑙201510105))ȭ0ȭ0-5⑙ᓖ(-10(⑙ᓖ-10-15-20-20-25024681012024681012ᴸԭᴸԭമ2.16ঊമ10ᒤᴸᒣ൷≄⑙മ2.17ঊമ30ᒤᴸᒣ൷≄⑙൘80ᒤԓԕࡽˈ䘉Ӌൠ४Ⲵᒤᒣ൷≄⑙สᵜк൘0ćԕлDŽ⭡Ҿൠ㺘аᒤѝ੨✝䟿ሿҾᮓ✝䟿ˈߧॺᒤᖒᡀⲴ߫൏ቲ൘✝ॺᒤнՊ㶽ॆ㘼؍⮉а䜘࠶ˈൠ㺘൘⴨ᖃ䮯Ⲵᰦᵏ؍ᤱ⇿ᒤᮓ✝བྷҾ੨✝ˈާ༷Ҷ߫൏ᖒᡀ઼؍⮉Ⲵᴹ࡙ᶑԦDŽӾ80ᒤԓ㠣Ӻˈޘ⨳≄ى䖜᳆ˈ≄⑙ॷ儈ˈӾ1990ᒤ㠣ӺⲴᒤᒣ൷≄⑙儈Ҿ1980ᒤࡽⲴᒤᒣ൷≄⑙DŽ㘼фঊമᒤᒣ൷≄⑙儈Ҿ0ćˈሩ߫൏Ⲵ؍ᆈӗ⭏Ҷн࡙Ⲵᖡ૽ˈ߫൏䎻Ҿ䘰ॆ⣦ᘱˈ߫൏Ⲵᆈ൘оൠᖒǃൠ䊼৺≤᮷ൠ䍘ᴹᖸབྷޣ㌫DŽ2.3.2൦ᖘ൦䋂ᖘᘷമ2.17བྷޤᆹዝኡ㜹䎠ੁо㔕┑儈䙏Ⲵޣ㌫15nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ䙊䗷кമਟ⸕ˈঊ⢉儈䙏㓯䐟䎧⛩Ѫク䎺བྷޤᆹዝⲴ䳗䚃ˈク䎺䳗䚃ਾˈ䘋ޕབྷޤᆹዝ㾯එⲴш䲥ᒣ৏ൠᑖˈ⋯㓯ൠ䊼㊫රѫ㾱Ѫш䲥ǃኡࡽᒣൠǃ⋣⍱ึ〟ൠ䊼ǃ⋬⌭⒯ൠㅹDŽঊ⢉儈䙏ᡰ༴ൠ४Ѫ޵㫉ਔ儈৏ㅜҼở㓗㠣ㅜйở㓗Ⲵш䲥ᒣ৏ൠᑖˈ኎ѝվኡˈш䲥╛዇ൠ䊼ˈަൠ࣯ᙫփᱟ㾯े儈㘼ьইվˈ੸䱦ở⣦л䱽ˈ⭡㾯ेѝվኡኡൠ˄⎧ᤄ800㊣~1149㊣˅ˈ䙀⑀䗷⑑ࡠьইш䲥╛዇ൠ४˄⎧ᤄ400㊣-198㊣˅DŽӾ≄ىкˈঊ⢉儈䙏սҾޜ䐟㠚❦४ࡂ˄III2˅४˄ዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏४˅޵DŽ⭡Ҿᆈ൘⵰䘶⑙⧠䊑ˈ਼а४ฏ޵ኡ亦≄⑙儈Ҿ䉧ᓅˈഐ㘼ኡ亦߫൏Ⲵ䘰ॆ䙏ᓖᘛҾ䉧ᓅDŽ൘⴨਼Ⲵ≄⑙ᶑԦлˈൠᖒൠ䊼ǃඑੁㅹഐ㍐ሩ੨✝઼ᮓ✝Ⲵᖡ૽ᱟн਼Ⲵˈ䘉ቡᗇ߫൏ᖒᡀ৺ਁ㛢⢩ᖱҏᴹ४࡛DŽ߫൏ѝⲴൠ✝ởᓖоൠᖒ䜘սҏᴹޣ㌫ˈ൘ኡ亦䜘սൠ✝ởᓖ٬ᴰሿˈ㘼൘䉧ൠᴰབྷDŽ⴨ᓄൠˈ߫൏Ⲵ⑙ᓖ઼৊ᓖҏᓄᴹᐞᔲDŽൠᖒⲴᖡ૽䙊ᑨ䙊䗷එੁ઼එᓖⲴᖡ૽㺘⧠ࠪᶕDŽㅜഋ㓚ߠᐍ↻⮉⢙ˈ߫൏Ѫ㊹䍘㋈൏ˈ৊ᓖ䗮3㊣ԕкˈ䜘࠶⇥㩭䗮15㊣ԕкˈ㊹䍘㋈൏䱫ᯝҶൠл≤઼ൠ䶒≤Ⲵ⎨ޕˈ༿ᆓൠ䶒Ἵ㻛䱽վҶཚ䱣䗀ሴˈ߿ቁҶ䗀ሴᕪᓖˈ߫㶽վҾ2㊣DŽ䙊䗷ሩ⋯㓯Ⲵൠ䍘䈳ḕ઼ई᧒࠶᷀ˈ⋯㓯߫൏ѫ㾱࠶ᐳҾш䲥Ⲵ䱤එൠᑖǃኡࡽᒣൠǃ⋬⌭⒯ൠൠᑖ઼վኡш䲥ൠᑖDŽ2.3.3߱ൕ൦ቸዟᙝঊ⢉儈䙏ᡰ኎ൠ४սҾᯠॾ༿㌫བྷޤᆹዝ䲶䎧ൠᑖоᶮ䗭⳶ൠ㾯䜘䲶䎧ᑖˈ䶐䲶䎧аחˈ㓜ੁᶴ䙐DŽ⋯㓯ѫ㾱⢩⛩ᱟኡൠ∄䖳ਁ㛢ˈㅜഋ㓚⊹〟⢙ᒯ⌋࠶ᐳDŽ↻〟ቲ࠶ᐳ൘ኡ亦оኡඑൠᑖˈඑ〟ቲ࠶ᐳ൘ኡ哃઼ኡ䰤⍬ൠ䖳ཊˈߢǃ⍚〟ቲ࠶ᐳ൘ኡࡽ⋏ਓൠᑖDŽ↻〟ቲѫ㾱Ѫ⺾⸣൏ˈ⹮⸣൏ㅹDŽඑ〟ቲԕ⋬⌭൏ǃ㋈൏⹮⸣ѪѫDŽߢǃ⍚〟ቲѪ⹮থ⸣ԕ৺⸲઼ӊ㋈൏ㅹDŽ⋣䉧ᒣൠˈ㺘ቲ൷Ѫ⌕⛝ˈ唁㢢㞀Ἵ൏৺哴㽀㢢ӊ㋈൏ˈ৊ᓖ0.5̚2.0㊣ᐖਣˈަл㾶ⴆ⵰哴㽀㢢ӊ㋈൏ཀྵ⺾⸣ˈ⸲⹮ˈᙫ৊ᓖа㡜н䎵䗷10̚12㊣DŽн਼൏䍘ˈਜ਼≤䟿ㅹ㠚❦ᶑԦˈሩ߫൏Ⲵ؍ᆈԕ৺㶽ॆ␡ᓖᴹ䖳བྷᐞ࡛DŽ䙊䗷⋯㓯䈳ḕ઼ईሏ࠶᷀ˈਁ㛢߫൏Ⲵൠ⇥㾶ⴆቲཊѪ⒯ൠǃἽ㻛䖳৊ǃઘ䗩἞᷇㤲ᇶൠᑖˈ߫൏ዙᙗཊѪ㊹䍘㋈൏ǃ㊹䍘㋈൏ཀྵ⹮⸣ǃ⹮⸣ቲㅹDŽ2.3.4≪ᮽ൦䍞ᶗԬ16nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウᵜਸ਼⇥Ⲵ䐟㓯䎧⛩սҾ䱯Ֆ⋣Ⓚཤ䱴䘁ˈ䎧⛩ẙਧK163+369.376ˈ䇮ঊമ䳗䚃ク䗷㞠ằᆀˈ⋯ⲭ∋⋏ǃ≤᣼ᆀ⋏㾯㹼ˈ䐘䎺ेབྷ⋣ਾˈ⋯ेབྷ⋣ेየࡽ㹼ˈ൘ഋॱޛޜ䟼䱴䘁䐘䎺᡾ᮖ⋣ˈ⋯᡾ᮖ⋣ेየˈ㓿йॱгޜ䟼ਾˈク䗷᡾ᮖ⋣᷇൪ˈ䇮᷇൪䳗䚃ク䎺ⷚ⵬ዝˈ⋯᡾ᮖ⋣ेǃইየᐳ㓯ˈ൘⑑⋣䐘䎺┘ᐎ䫱䐟ˈ㓿䗷㓒ᰇ⋏ˈ㔅䗷᳆⋹ᶁˈ᧕⢉⎧а㓗ޜ䐟DŽޘ䮯134.195ޜ䟼DŽൠ४ൠл≤ਟ࠶Ѫߢ〟⸲থ⸣ቲᆄ䳉▌≤ǃш䰤⍬ൠਁ㛢Ⲵ儈ш䲥㻲䳉≤઼␡࠷ࢢⲴվኡш䲥㻲䳉≤DŽᙫⲴᶕ䈤ൠл≤෻㯿䖳⍵ˈൠл≤ۘ䟿Ѡᇼˈф≤䍘㢟ྭDŽ⋯㓯߫൏࠶ᐳާᴹྲл⢩⛩˖1ǃൠ㺘⋣⍱ൠᑖ߫൏нਁ㛢DŽ⋣⍱ሩ߫൏ᴹᖸབྷᖡ૽ˈ⭡Ҿ⋣⍱⍱≤Ⲵ✝֌⭘ઘത൏༔໎⑙ˈ⢩࡛ᱟ⋣ᒺᓅ䜘⸲⹮থ⸣䘿≤ᙗᕪˈሬ✝ᙗ㜭ྭˈ⋣⍱✝֌⭘ਟԕՐ䙂ᖸ␡ˈ㤳ത䖳བྷˈഐ↔ˈ⋯㓯䐍䖳བྷ⋣⍱䖳䘁Ⲵൠ⇥ˈ߫൏ᆈ൘Ⲵ㤳തቡᖸሿˈф߫൏л䲀ҏ䖳儈ˈ߫൏Ⲵ৊ᓖ䖳ሿDŽ2ǃൠл≤ս෻㯿䖳⍵ൠᑖ߫൏нਁ㛢DŽ3ǃ⋬⌭⒯ൠѝ䶉≤┎⮉ˈຄཤ㥹ਁ㛢ˈ߫൏∄䖳ਁ㛢DŽ4ǃ߫൏Ѫ㊹䍘㋈൏ൠ⇥䜘࠶⇥㩭ൠлᆈ൘᢯঻≤DŽ2.3.5㾼ⴌቸ਀ὃ㻡⣬߫Ἵ㻛൘༿ᆓ㜭ᴹ᭸ൠ䚞ᥑ઼৽ሴཚ䱣Ⲵⴤ᧕䗀ሴˈ߿ቁҶൠ㺘䗀ሴᕪᓖˈ࣐кަṩ㌫ᤱ≤ˈഐ㘼㜭߿ሿ㶽ॆ␡ᓖDŽߜᆓἽ⢙ᷟ㨾ࡉᴹ࡙Ҿ൏ѝ✝䟿ⲴᮓཡDŽᡰԕᙫփ㘼䀰Ἵ㻛㜭䎧ࡠ䱽⑙Ⲵ֌⭘DŽἽ㻛Ⲵ䱽⑙㜭࣋оަ⿽㊫ǃⴆᓖ઼৊ᓖㅹഐ㍐ᴹޣDŽ㾶ⴆᓖབྷˈ৊ᓖҏབྷⲴˈަ䱽⑙㜭࣋ҏᕪDŽൠ㺘⋬⌭ॆൠ㺘〟㚊བྷ䟿Ⲵ≤࠶ˈ⋬⌭ॆൠ⇥ൠᖒ৸ᑨᑨᴹ䖳৊Ⲵ⌕⛝ᡆ㥹⛝ቲˈഐ㘼⋬⌭ൠлᖰᖰൠлߠਁ㛢ˈᒦᴹᴰሿⲴᆓ㢲㶽ॆ␡ᓖˈ൏ቲⲴᒤᒣ൷ൠ⑙ҏ䖳䶎⋬⌭ॆൠ⇥ⲴѪվDŽ⋯㓯㔍བྷ䜘࠶㻛἞᷇㾶ⴆˈ᷇ᵘཊѪ⅑἞᷇ˈབྷ䜘࠶ṁᵘѪⲭẖˈަ⅑Ѫޤᆹ㩭ਦᶮˈᴹቁ䟿ኡᶘˈ唁ẖ৺⁏ᆀᶮㅹDŽኡඑ㥹ⳞἽ㻛ᖸ㮴ˈབྷ㓖10̚30ৈ㊣DŽ䐟㓯ᡰ㓿䉧ൠᇭኅˈབྷ䜘࠶Ѫ㙅ൠˈ⿽Ἵߌ֌⢙ˈཊѪሿ哖৺⋩ᯉἽ⢙DŽ䶎㙅ൠ༴Ѫ㥹ൠ઼⌕⋬ˈἽ㻛Ѫຄཤ㥹ˈ㓒∋ḣㅹDŽṩᦞഭ޵䈳ḕ䍴ᯉ㺘᰾ˈн਼ⲴἽ㻛㊫ර㓴ਸ⭏䮯൘н਼Ⲵ≄ى⧟ຳ䟼ˈ἞᷇Ἵ㻛઼ཊᒤ߫൏ᱟሂ४㠚❦⧟ຳⲴєњ䟽㾱㓴ᡀ䜘࠶ˈ䗷৫൘ޤᆹዝൠ४ѫ㾱ԕޤᆹ㩭ਦᶮѪѫⲴሂ⑙ᑖኡൠ䪸ਦ᷇ᑖˈ⭡ҾӪਓ䟷Հˈ἞᷇Ⲵᴤᯠǃ᷇රਈᔲǃ䈤᰾Ҷ߫൏Ⲵ䘰ॆDŽ൘ޤᆹ㩭ਦᶮ࠶ᐳⲴൠᯩᴹཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵᆈ൘DŽᖃਈѪԕẖṁǃᶘṁǃḣṁѪѫⲴ䱄ਦ᷇ˈ䈤᰾≄ى⧟ຳⲴ᭩ਈˈ≄⑙໎儈ˈޤᆹ㩭ਦᶮ䘰ॆਾⲴൠ४߫൏ҏᔰ࿻བྷ䶒〟䘰ॆDŽ17nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウἽ㻛༴൘ൠ㺘䶒оབྷ≄ѻ䰤ˈ䱫⺽⵰Ҽ㘵Ⲵ✝Ӕᦒˈൠ㺘⑙ᓖ᜸վˈἽ㻛ṩ㌫ᴹ؍ᤱ≤࠶Ⲵ㜭࣋ˈྲ㤄㰃ቲᶱѪ▞⒯ˈ༿ཙ㫨ਁ≤࠶ˈ⎸㙇བྷ䟿✝䟿ˈ䱫⺽ཚ䱣䗀ሴ✝䟿ᖰлՐ䙂DŽа㡜㤄㰃ቲ৊0.2㊣Ⲵൠᯩˈᆓ㢲㶽ॆ␡ᓖӵѪ0.3̚0.5㊣ˈ㘼ᰐ㤄㰃ቲⲴ᷇䰤ൠᑖˈᆓ㢲㶽ॆ␡ᓖਟ䗮1.5̚2.5㊣DŽ਼а䉧ൠ޵ˈഐἽ㻛Ⲵ㤲ᇶ〰⮿ˈ㺘ቲ⌕⛝Ⲵ৊㮴ˈ⋬⌭ॆ〻ᓖⲴн਼ˈሩ߫൏Ⲵ؍ᆈˈ߫൏к䲀ǃ৊ᓖˈ߫൏Ⲵ⑙ᓖᴹᖸབྷᖡ૽DŽ⌕⋬⍬ൠຄཤ㥹㤲ᇶˈ⌕⛝ቲਁ㛢ˈᑨᒤ〟≤ᡆ▞⒯ˈ৊৊Ⲵ㤄㥹Ἵ㻛ᖒᡀ㔍✝ቲˈ߿ቁཚ䱣䗀ሴ䘋ޕൠ䶒ˈ䱫⺽⵰ൠ⑙ˈ≄⑙໎儈ˈᗇൠ䍘শਢᰦԓሂߧ≄ىᰦᵏӗ⭏䚇⮉лⲴ߫൏ᗇԕ؍ᆈDŽ൘ޤᆹዝ᷇४ˈॱҍц㓚ᵛԕࡽӪ✏〰ቁˈ㠚❦⧟ຳสᵜкᵚਇӪѪᒢᢠˈնҼॱц㓚ԕᶕˈ⭡Ҿ㓿⍾ᔪ䇮ˈӪਓ䙀⑀໎࣐ሩ㠚❦⧟ຳˈवᤜሩ߫൏Ⲵ؍ᆈӗ⭏ҶᖸབྷⲴ⹤ൿDŽྲ἞᷇Ⲵ䟷Հˈ෾䭷Ⲵᔪ䇮ˈ䫱䐟ޜ䐟Ⲵ؞ᔪԕ৺ᔰ㦂⿽ൠˈ߫൏ਁ⭏䘰ॆˈ⋯㓯⿽Ἵߌ֌⢙Ⲵ䉧ൠᐢ⋑ᴹ߫൏Ⲵᆈ൘ˈ൘ᶁ䭷ઘതⲴ߫൏ަ⑙ᓖ᧕䘁0ćˈ㘼ф㤳തᖸሿˈ䙀↕䎻Ҿ⎸ཡⲴ⣦ᘱDŽޤᆹ㩭ਦᶮо߫൏ǃ⒯ൠޡ਼㔤㌫⵰ሂ⑙ᑖ䪸ਦ᷇Ⲵߧ⒯⧟ຳᶑԦˈ⏥ޫ⵰≤Ⓚˈ൘⾆ഭⲴьे䗩ຳᖒᡀҶаᶑཙ❦Ⲵ㔯㢢ቿ䳌DŽഐ↔ˈѕሂⲴ≄ىǃ㤲ᇶⲴ἞᷇ǃ㤲ᇶⲴἽ㻛ǃ᷇䰤Ⲵ⒯ൠㅹഐ㍐ᱟᖒᡀཊᒤ߫൏ൠᑖⲴṩᵜ৏ഐDŽ䙊䗷⋯㓯䈳ḕ઼ईሏ࠶᷀ˈਁ㛢߫൏Ⲵൠ⇥㾶ⴆቲཊѪ⒯ൠǃἽ㻛䖳৊ǃઘ䗩἞᷇㤲ᇶൠᑖDŽ2.3.6〥䴠൘ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟⋯㓯ˈ〟䴚䳶ѝ൘ߜᆓᴰሂߧⲴᴸԭˈ〟䴚ᰕᮠᴰཊⲴᴸԭ൘1ᴸˈ〟䴚ᒤ࠶䝽੸“অጠ’’DŽṩᦞ൘བྷޤᆹዝⲴ㿲⍻䍴ᯉ㺘᰾ˈ⭡Ҿ䴚ⴆⲴሂᆓ䳄✝˄؍⑙˅֌⭘ˈ䱫⺽ߜᆓൠ䶒ᮓ✝ˈӾ㘼ൠ⑙ॷ儈ˈ߿ሿൠ䶒⑙ᓖ䖳ᐞˈ䴚ⴆлൠ䶒ᴸᒣ൷⑙ᓖ∄ᰐ䴚ⴆ༴㾱儈ࠪ4.2̚10.5ć˗ᖃ≄⑙кॷࡠ0ćԕкᰦˈ〟䴚㔗㔝ڌ⮉߿㕃൏ቲⲴॷ⑙DŽ㲭❦བྷޤᆹዝ〟䴚н৊ˈնᱟ“অጠ”ᔿⲴ〟䴚࠶䝽ˈ〟䴚൘ߜᆓѫ㾱䎧ࡠҶ؍⑙֌⭘ˈᣁࡦҶ൏ቲⲴ߫㔃DŽ䴚ⴆሩཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵᖡ૽ѫ㾱㺘⧠൘˖〟䴚䎺৊ˈൠ䶒ᒤᒣ≄⑙ॷ儈䎺ཊˈൠ䶒ᒤᒣ൷ᒤ䖳ᐞ߿ሿˈн࡙Ҿཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵਁ㛢ᡆ㘵ሬ㠤ཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵ䘰ॆDŽ2.4ঐ⢏儎䙕ޢ䐥⋵㓵ዑ⣬߱ൕⲺ࠼ᐹ⢯⛯޵㫉ਔঊ⢉儈䙏ᱟᡁഭ൘儈㓜ᓖཊᒤዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४俆⅑ቍ䈅؞ᔪⲴ儈ㅹ㓗ޜ䐟ˈঊ⢉儈䙏ク䎺བྷ⡷ዋ⣦߫൏࠶ᐳൠ४ˈ䘉Ӌൠ४߫൏ཊާᴹ࠶ᐳн൷रˈ儈⑙нっᇊⲴ⢩⛩ˈѕ䟽ᖡ૽䐟สっᇊᙗDŽ18nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ൘⴨਼≄⑙ᶑԦлˈн਼ൠᖒൠ䊼ǃዙᙗǃ≤࠶⣦ߥǃἽ㻛ǃඑੁㅹഐ㍐Ⲵᖡ૽ˈൠቲⲴ੨✝઼ᮓ✝ᱟн਼Ⲵˈ䘉ቡᗇ߫൏ᖒᡀ৺ਁ㛢⢩ᖱ਴㠚ᴹ࡛ˈঊ⢉儈䙏⋯㓯ˈ⋬⌭ǃ␔⌕ԕ৺▞⒯Ⲵ㞀Ἵ൏สᵜᆈ൘Ҿվ⍬䉧ൠˈᒦфлԿቲ㊹൏ǃ㋈൏Ⲵᡀԭ䖳བྷˈਜ਼≤䟿䖳བྷˈ㘼ኡඑ৺ኡփཊ⭡⺾ǃ⹮⸣㓴ᡀˈ㓶㋂൏Ⲵᡀԭ䖳ቁˈᴹⲴኡඑสᵜ⭡ዙ⸣઼⺾⸣㓴ᡀDŽഐ↔ˈ⋯㓯߫൏Ⲵ࠶ᐳҏާᴹн਼Ⲵ⢩⛩DŽ1ǃຄཤൠǃ⒯ൠ߫൏˖༴Ҿ⋣䉧վ⍬ൠᑖˈ߫൏㺘ቲѪᴹᵪ䍘൏ቲˈཊຄཤ㥹ˈຄཤ䰤〟≤ˈлቲᱟ㊹䍘㋈൏ˈ䜘࠶Ѫਜ਼㋈൏ശ⹮ˈൠл≤սվˈѪ᢯঻≤˗2ǃඑ㝊ൠᑖ߫൏˖༴Ҿኡඑඑ㝊༴ˈᱟኡࡽߢ〟߫൏ˈ䱤එ∄䱣එ߫൏ਁ㛢ˈ߫൏㺘ቲᱟ㞀⇆൏ˈަлѪ㊹䍘㋈൏ᡆਜ਼㋈൏䀂⹮ˈശ⹮ˈൠл≤սվ˗ᱟ᰾ᱮዋ⣦߫൏ˈ߫൏䶒〟нབྷˈᴹⲴ߫൏ਚᴹࠐᒣᯩ㊣ˈ᱃㶽ॆDŽ3ǃш䲥վኡ߫൏˖༴Ҿվኡኡ亦ˈኡ㝊߫൏⎸ཡˈѪਔԓߠᐍⲴ↻⮉⢙ˈ㺘ቲᱟ㞀⇆൏ˈަлᱟ㊹䍘㋈൏ˈᡆᴹശ⹮䰤ቲˈൠл≤սվDŽ2.5ቅ㔉䙊䗷ሩ޵㫉ਔঊ⢉儈䙏⋯㓯㠚❦ൠ⨶⧟ຳⲴ䈳ḕԕ৺࠶᷀ˈሩҾ޵㫉ਔঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟⋯㓯ዋ⣦߫൏Ⲵ࠶ᐳ⢩⛩ᗇࠪѫ㾱⹄ウ㔃䇪ྲл˖˄1˅޵㫉ਔьे䜘ޤᆹዝൠ४ᒤᒣ൷≄⑙൘䘁ࠐॱᒤѝ༴Ҿ䙀⑀ॷ⑙⣦ᘱˈ䜘࠶ൠ४ᒤᒣ൷≄⑙Ӿ80ᒤԓࡽⲴվҾ0ćᐢ䙀⑀ॷ儈䎵䗷0ćˈ≄⑙Ⲵਈॆሩ߫൏⭏ᆈ⣦ᘱӗ⭏ᐘབྷᖡ૽ˈ൘⑙ᓖнᯝॷ儈Ⲵ≄ى㛼Ჟлˈ߫൏ቲᤱ㔝ਁ⭏䘰ॆDŽ˄2˅ൠᖒᶑԦǃ≤᮷ൠ䍘ᶑԦԕ৺Ἵ㻛⣦ߥሩཊᒤ߫൏о⧟ຳѻ䰤⴨ӂ֌⭘ǃ⴨ӂᖡ૽Ⲵޣ㌫ྲл˖₧⭡ൠᖒഐ㍐ሬ㠤Ⲵ䘶⑙⧠䊑਼а४ฏ޵ኡ亦≄⑙儈Ҿ䉧ᓅˈഐ㘼ኡ亦߫൏Ⲵ䘰ॆ䙏ᓖᘛҾ䉧ᓅ˗←⭡≤᮷ഐ㍐ሬ㠤н਼↻〟ቲл߫൏ਁ㛢⣦ߥн਼ˈ߫൏ᆈ൘Ҿվ⍬▞⒯ൠ४фൠл≤ս䖳␡ൠ⇥DŽ↑⭡Ἵ㻛ഐ㍐ሬ㠤ൠ㺘✝ӔᦒᶑԦн਼ˈн਼Ἵ㻛⣦ߥлൠ㺘лཊᒤ߫൏ਁ㛢⣦ߥᐞᔲᖸབྷˈ൘⋬⌭ॆൠ⇥ˈ⌭ॆൠ⇥ᑨᑨᴹ䖳৊Ⲵ⌕⛝ᡆ㥹⛝ቲˈഐ㘼⋬⌭ൠлᖰᖰൠлߠਁ㛢ˈᒦᴹᴰሿⲴᆓ㢲㶽ॆ␡ᓖˈ൏ቲⲴᒤᒣ൷ൠ⑙ҏ䖳䶎⋬⌭ॆൠ⇥ⲴѪվDŽ˄3˅䙊䗷ᇎൠ䐿ईˈ㔃ਸᐕ〻ൠ䍘ईሏ䍴ᯉˈሩঊ⢉儈䙏ޘ㓯䟽⛩߫൏࠶ᐳ䐟⇥䘋㹼Ṩᇎˈ൏䍘Ѫ儈ਜ਼≤䟿㊹䍘㋈൏ˈ䙊䗷ൠ䍘ई᧒࠶᷀ˈ⋯㓯߫൏᤹߫㛰ᙗ࠶㊫Ѫᕡ߫㛰ᙗ൏ˈ߫㛰઼ᕪ߫⏘DŽ᤹㶽⊹ᙗ࠶㊫ˈ⋯㓯߫൏㶽⊹㊫࡛Ѫᕡ㶽19nㅜҼㄐঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏࠶ᐳ৺⢩ᙗ⹄ウ⊹~㶽⊹ᙗ߫൏ˈተ䜘⇥㩭Ѫᕪ㶽⊹ᙗ߫൏DŽ˄4˅ཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵᖒᡀ઼ى≄ᱟˈᆈ؍ഐ㍐઼ൠ䍘ൠ⨶ഐ㍐㔬ਸ֌⭘Ⲵӗ⢙DŽ⭡Ҿঊ⢉儈䙏䎠ੁѪь㾯⢉ᖰ䎺ˈੁᯩेٿ⸣ᯩੁ䎠ˈ㓜ᓖ໎࣐ˈࡉᒤᒣ൷≄⑙䱽վDŽ⭡Ҿ䘶⑙৺൏䍘ǃἽ㻛㾶ⴆቲⲴᖡ૽ˈኡ亦߫൏нྲ䉧ᓅǃ⍬ൠਁ㛢ˈᡆ㘵߫൏ᐢ䘰ॆ⎸ཡDŽ߫൏ዋѫ㾱࠶ᐳ൘⋣╛┙઼վ㓗䱦ൠˈᖰᖰо⋬⌭⒯ൠ਼ѪаփDŽ⋬⌭ॆ⍬ൠ⌕⛝ቲਁ㛢ˈᶮᮓቲ৊ᓖབྷˈἽ㻛㤲ᇶˈ㤄㰃ቲ৊ˈ൷࡙Ҿཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵ؍ᆈˈഐ↔ᖒᡀվ༴৺䉧ᓅ߫൏䘰ॆធҾ࡛༴DŽ਼а䉧ൠˈഐἽ㻛ཊቁˈ㤄㰃⌕⛝ቲⲴਁ㛢৺⋬⌭ॆ〻ᓖⲴн਼ˈ߫൏Ⲵ⑙ᓖˈ৊ᓖ઼߫൏к䲀൘н਼ൠ⇥ҏᴹᐞᔲDŽ20nㅜйㄐዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀ㅢпㄖཐᒪ߱ൕ൦॰䐥ะ⊿䲃᧝࡬᧠᯳䈹ḛ࠼᷆ⴞࡽˈཊᒤ߫൏४䐟สᐞᔲ⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭѫ㾱࠶Ѫєབྷ㊫˖ѫࣘ᧚ᯭ઼㻛ࣘ᧚ᯭDŽѫࣘ᧚ᯭᱟᤷ〟ᶱѫࣘൠ᭩䙐߫൏✝⣦ߥˈަੁ⵰ᴹ࡙Ҿᐕ〻っᇊᙗⲴᯩੁਁኅDŽ㻛ࣘ᧚ᯭᤷ㔤ᤱൠ⑙Ⲵ৏࿻⣦ߥᡆ߿㕃߫൏䘰ॆDŽᵜㄐ䙊䗷ሩഭ޵ཆཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ᐢᔪޜ䐟ǃ䫱䐟ѝ⭘Ⲵ䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䘋㹼䈳ḕˈ࠶᷀਴⿽᧚ᯭⲴ⭘ᶑԦǃ༴⋫᭸᷌ㅹˈᙫ㔃䐟สᐞᔲ⊹䱽ᯩ䶒ᆈ൘Ⲵᢰᵟ䳮仈ˈѪᨀࠪ䘲⭘Ҿঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟Ⲵ⊹䱽᧚ᯭڊส⹰DŽ3.1ཐᒪ߱ൕ॰䐥ะ⯻ᇩ䈹ḛ࠼᷆ᡁഭьेൠ४Ⲵཊᒤ߫൏Ѫӊ⅗བྷ䱶ཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵ䗩㕈ˈዋ⣦߫൏࠶ᐳᒯ⌋ˈ߫൏Ⲵᙗ䍘нっᇊˈᡁഭ䶂㯿儈৏ཊᒤ߫൏Ѫ儈⎧ᤄཊᒤ߫൏ˈսҾ儈㓜ᓖཊᒤ߫൏ই⭼ԕইDŽ⭡Ҿ儈৏к䱣䗀ሴ䖳ᒣ৏४ᕪ⛸ˈф儈⎧ᤄൠ४ཙオӁ䟿䖳ቁˈᗇ䶂㯿儈৏ൠ४䗀ሴ䟿䖳བྷˈ儈৏ኡൠ⑙ᓖ䖳վˈ㼨䵢Ⲵสዙᴹ䖳བྷⲴᮓ✝䟿ˈഐ↔ᖒᡀཊᒤ߫൏⑙ᓖ䖳վˈ৊ᓖ䖳བྷ˗儈ᒣ৏ǃ䉧ൠǃ⳶ൠ⭡Ҿൠ࣯䖳վˈ≄⑙䖳儈ˈ࣐кᖒᡀⲴᰦ䰤䖳ᲊˈԕ৺ൠ㺘≤ǃൠл≤ᖡ૽ㅹˈ᭵㘼儈ᒣ৏ǃ⳶ൠǃ䉧ൠᖒᡀҶ⑙ᓖ儈ǃ৊ᓖ㮴Ⲵཊᒤ߫൏ቲDŽᡁഭⲴཊᒤ߫൏࠶ᐳн਼Ҿ״㖇ᯟǃ࣐᤯བྷǃ㖾ഭ䱯᣹ᯟ࣐ൠ४Ⲵ儈㓜ᓖվ⑙ཊᒤ߫൏ˈ൘ᡁഭᒯ⌋࠶ᐳ⵰儈⑙儈ሂߠ䟿߫൏ˈҏণዋ⣦߫൏ˈ൘ޘ⨳≄ىਈ᳆ⲴᛵߥлˈᡁഭⲴ߫൏䘰ॆ䎻࣯䳮࣐ࢗˈዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟Ⲵ⯵ᇣᴤ࣐仁㑱DŽཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䚃䐟⋯㓯ᶴ䙐⢙ѫ㾱⯵ᇣवᤜྲл˖˄1˅㘫⍶൘儈ሂ߫൏ൠ४ˈ⭡Ҿ൘൏༔߫㔃䗷〻ѝ≷㚊Ҷ䗷ཊⲴ≤࠶ˈф൏䍘⣦ᘱнྭˈࡠ᱕᳆ॆ߫ᰦ≤࠶н㜭৺ᰦᧂࠪˈӾ㘼䙐ᡀ൏ส䖟ᕡˈᕪᓖ䱽վDŽ൘䖖䖶㦧䖭Ⲵ֌⭘лˈ䐟䶒ਁ⭏ᕩ㉗ǃ㻲㓩ǃ啃वǃ䖖䗉ǃୗ⌕ㅹ⧠䊑ˈ〠Ѫ㘫⍶DŽ˄2˅߫㛰儈ሂн㢟൏䍘ѝᡰਜ਼Ⲵ≤࠶൘䍏⑙л㔃Ღˈ⭏ᡀ਴⿽ᖒ⣦Ⲵߠץޕփ㘼ሬ㠤൏փ〟Ⲵ໎བྷDŽަѫ㾱㺘⧠ᱟ൏ቲ㺘䶒н൷रⲴॷ儈DŽ߫㛰൏о㔃ᶴ⢙ส⹰ѻ䰤ѫ㾱ӗ⭏߫㔃઼࣋߫㛰࣋˄࠶Ѫ࠷ੁ߫㛰࣋ǃ⌅ੁ߫㛰࣋ǃ߫㛰৽࣋˅DŽ߫㛰ᵜ䓛нӵᕅ䎧䚃䐟⹤ൿˈ䘈ਟᕅ䎧ẕằǃ⏥⍎ส⹰Ⲵ߫ᇣˈ⢩࡛ሩᰙᵏᡰ؞ᔪⲴቔѪケࠪDŽѫ㾱㺘⧠Ѫẕằ໙ǃḡส⹰߫㛰䲶䎧ˈ㶽ॆл⊹ˈਠ䓛൘࠷ੁ߫㛰઼࣋⌅ੁ߫㛰࣋ޡ਼֌⭘лࠪ⧠㻲㕍ˈ⭊㠣໙˄ਠ˅ส⹰ᮤփкᣜᡆٮᯌDŽ⏥⍎߫ᇣѫ㾱㺘⧠Ѫ⍎䓛Ⲵ߫㛰䲶䎧઼㶽ॆл⊹ˈㄟ້৺ޛᆇ㘬້൜ᐕᔰ㻲৺⏥⍎㇑㢲Ⲵ䭉ս઼㝡⿫DŽ21nㅜйㄐዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀˄3˅㶽⊹൘ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ˈ⭡Ҿൠлߠቲ෻㯿䖳⍵ˈ൘ᯭᐕ৺䘀㩕䗷〻ѝ਴⿽ഐ㍐ཊᒤ߫൏ተ䜘㶽ॆˈк㾶൏ቲ൘൏փ㠚䟽઼ཆ࣋֌⭘лӗ⭏⊹䲧ˈӾ㘼䙐ᡀ䐟สѕ䟽ਈᖒDŽѫ㾱㺘⧠Ѫ䐟สл⊹ˈ䐟๔ੁ䱣ח䐟㛙৺䗩එᔰ㻲ǃл━ˈ䐟แ䗩එⓌ๼ㅹDŽ㶽⊹⯵ᇣཊਁ⭏൘վ䐟๔ൠ⇥DŽ˄4˅ަԆ⯵ᇣ䲔Ҷԕкࠐ⿽ᑨ㿱߫ᇣཆˈ䘈ᴹߠшǃߠ䭕ǃ⎾⍱ߠㅹˈҏᇩ᱃䐟䶒ӗ⭏㓥ੁ㻲㕍ǃ⁚ੁ㻲㕍઼㖁㻲ㅹDŽ䚃䐟⌒⎚䚃䐟㘫⍶߫㛰шߠ䭕ඁ㓥ੁ㻲㕍22nㅜйㄐዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀⁚ੁ㻲㕍㖁⣦㻲㕍䚃䐟㶽⊹ᐞᔲ⊹䱽3.2ཐᒪ߱ൕ൦॰䐥ะ⊿䲃༺⋱᧠᯳䈹ḛ࠼᷆ഭཆޣҾཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟ᐕ〻⹄ウᯩ䶒䈖ቭ㘼ޘ䶒Ⲵ䍴ᯉнཊˈф⅗ӊབྷ䱶ǃे㖾བྷ䱶ᐕ〻⎹৺Ⲵ߫൏ਇ㓜ᓖ᧗ࡦสᵜк኎վ⑙߫൏ˈ߫൏⧟ຳਈॆਇӪѪᒢᢠ䖳ሿˈ߫൏∄䖳っᇊDŽ䟷⭘Ⲵѫ㾱᧚ᯭྲл˖˄1˅㻛ࣘᐕ〻᧚ᯭˈ䲔ປㆁаᇊⲴ䐟ส儈ᓖԕ؍ᣔަл߫൏н㠤䘰ॆཆˈࠪਁ⛩൘Ҿᴽᡆᔦ㕃߫൏䘰ॆ䙐ᡀⲴ䐟ส⹤ൿˈѫ㾱वᤜԕлаӋ޵ᇩDŽ₧᭩ਈ൏փ㺘䶒✝䗀ሴᶑԦDŽѫ㾱ᢰᵟवᤜ˖ᣜ儈䐟๔儈ᓖǃ⭘䚞䱣Ἂǃሶ⋕䶂䐟䶒㊹ࡧᡀ⍵㢢ᶕ໎࣐৽ሴ⦷ˈྲReckard(1985)ˈKnotratjev.V.G(1996)ӻ㓽Ⲵˈ൘䐟ส㺘䶒ᡆ䗩එ䶒⎲ࡧⲭ㢢⋩┶ˈᡆ䬪䇮ⲭ㢢⺾⸣DŽߜᆓ␵䲔䐟ส㺘23nㅜйㄐዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀䶒৺єחⲴ〟䴚ˈԕ؍ᤱ䐟ส൏փоབྷ≄䰤Ⲵ䗀ሴᶑԦDŽ䟷⭘䚞䱣Ἂ؍ᣔ䐟๔Ⲵᯩ⌅ᐢ㓿⭘Ҿ䍍䱯䫱䐟઼㾯՟࡙ӊ䫱䐟ᔪ䇮ѝDŽ⭘䚞䱣Ἂᶕ亴䱢䐟๔๔䓛оสᓅ൏ਇⴤ᧕Ⲵཚ䱣䗀ሴ઼䴚䴘≤Ⲵᖡ૽DŽᓧᗧ᣹⢩㙦ཛ˄1996˅ᨀࠪҶ൘ᇼߠཊᒤ߫൏к࣐ᕪ䐟สⲴᯠᯩ⌅ˈަѝ᰾⺞ᨀࠪ䟷⭘䚞䱣ἊⲴՈ䎺ᙗDŽԆሩ䚞䱣Ἂ䘉аᯩ⌅ᨀࠪй⿽⁑ᔿ˖ശᖒǃཊ䗩ᖒ઼অаᖒDŽᆳԜ䜭㜭ᴹ᭸ൠ؍ᣔ䐟๔ǃ䗩එ઼䛫䘁Ⲵ४ฏDŽѪҶᨀ儈䚞䱣Ἂሩཚ䱣䗀ሴⲴ৽ሴ⦷ˈ໎࣐䚞䱣ἊⲴ䱢䗀ሴ᭸᷌ˈ൘䚞䱣Ἂཆ㺘䶒⎲к儈৽ሴᙗ䍘Ⲵ⎲ᯉˈྲ⎲кⲭ㢢ᡆ䬦㢢Ⲵ⋩┶ᶀᯉˈ᭸᷌ՊᴤDŽ←᭩ਈ䐟ส൏փоབྷ≄৺৏߫൏✝Րሬ⣦ߥDŽสҾ䘉а৏⨶Ⲵᐕ〻᧚ᯭᓄ⭘઼⹄ウ䖳Ѫ␡ޕᒯ⌋ˈަѝ⹄ウᴰѪᒯ⌋Ⲵᱟ؍⑙ᶀᯉ᧚ᯭDŽᰙ൘20ц㓚60ᒤԓˈ㖾ഭቡᴹሶ؍⑙ቲ⭘Ҿ؍ᣔཊᒤ߫൏Ⲵу࡙ᨀࠪDŽ60ᒤԓᵛˈ൘㖾ഭ䱯᣹ᯟ࣐ᵪ൪ᔪ䇮ѝˈ൘䚃䐟ປ൏ѝ䟷⭘Ҷ㚊㤟✟؍⑙ቲDŽ70ᒤԓࡍˈ࣐᤯བྷ൘ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४⹮⸣ޜ䐟к䘋㹼Ҷ؍⑙ቲ䈅傼⹄ウDŽ״㖇ᯟ൘؞ᔪ䍍䱯䫱䐟ᰦˈ൘䜘࠶४⇥䚃⻤л৺䗩එк⭘Ҷ⌑⋛ᶯᶀᯉDŽк䘠ᐕ〻⹄ウ㺘᰾ˈ䳄ෛቲⲴᐕ〻᭸᷌䖳ྭDŽ˄2˅ѫࣘൠ⑙䈳᧗᧚ᯭˈѫ㾱वᤜ䈳᧗Րሬ઼䈳᧗ሩ⍱Ⲵᯩ⌅DŽᐢᴹⲴ䈳᧗ሩ⍱ᯩ⌅वᤜ䙊仾䐟สǃ⺾˄⡷˅⸣䐟ส৺✝ἂ䐟สDŽ₧䙊仾ส⹰ᴮ㻛ᒯ⌋ᓄ⭘Ҿ䖖ᓃǃԃᓃǃۘ⋩㖀઼ᡯቻᔪㆁDŽ൘1959ᒤˈWilliansӻ㓽Ҷ൘Ṭ䲥ޠ߫൏ൠ४ᓄ⭘䙊仾ส⹰Ⲵᛵߥˈᒦ䇔ѪሩҾሿරᡆ䖫රᔪㆁ⢙ˈ㇑䚃䙊仾㌫㔏ਟԕㆰঅൠᴹа㌫ࡇᒣ㹼ǃᔰਓⲴ䙊仾㇑㓴ᡀ˗ሩҾབྷරᡆ䟽රᔪㆁ⢙ˈቔަᱟ൘ᒤ൷≄⑙䖳儈Ⲵൠ४ˈ䙊仾㇑ᗵ享⭘仾ᡷ傡ࣘަ޵Ⲵオ≄⍱ࣘˈᒦ㾱ᔪ䙐⴨ᓄ⤜・Ⲵ䘋仾ਓ઼ࠪ仾ਓDŽ1966ᒤˈLobaczㅹሩᷦオ䙊仾ส⹰䐍ൠ䶒Ⲵ߰オ㔉ࠪҶᔪ䇞٬ˈᒦᤷࠪˈ⭡Ҿᷦオส⹰Ⲵ䚞䱣ǃ༿߹ǃߜᆓᰐ〟䴚㾶ⴆ৺ߧオ≄Ⲵሩ⍱ㅹഐ㍐ˈਟ׳ަл߫൏Ⲵ✝㙇ᮓDŽሩҾ䙊仾䐟สⲴ⹄ウˈ1974ᒤ㖾ഭᴮ൘䱯᣹ᯟ࣐Ⲵ䍩ቄ⨝ᯟ˄Fairbanks˅㾯40kmⲴޜ䐟к䘋㹼䗷⧠൪䈅傼ˈ䈅傼൪߫൏Ѫᇼߠ㋈൏ˈ䈅傼䘹⭘Ҷ޵ᖴ20~50cmⲴ䠁኎⌒㓩㇑DŽ䙊仾㇑䚃ሿඑᓖٮᯌᒦᒣ㹼ޜ䐟෻᭮Ҿඑ㝊䱴䘁ˈ⋯㓥ੁаᇊ䰤䳄䇮㖞ㄆੁ㇑ˈԕਁᥕ“✏ഡ᭸ᓄ”ˈ׳䘋オ≄Ⲵ⍱ࣘDŽ⹄ウѝሩ✝⍱ԕ৺㇑䚃Ⲵ✝ᖡ૽㤳ത䘋㹼Ҷ䀓᷀࠶᷀ˈᒦሩ㇑փⲴᴰս㖞䘋㹼ᮠ٬⁑ᤏ࠶᷀ˈ㔃᷌䇔Ѫᓄ⭘䙊仾㇑䐟สާ༷ਟ㹼ᙗDŽնⴞࡽ䙊仾㇑൘߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟䐟สкⲴ⭘᭸᷌⹄ウᴹ䲀ˈ߫൏བྷഭ״㖇ᯟӖቊᵚ㿱⭘䙊仾㇑Ⲵᣕ䚃DŽ←⺾˄⡷˅⸣䐟สˈަ৏⨶ᱟᓄ⭘⺾˄⡷˅⸣ึ⸼փߜᆓ㫴ߧ༿ᆓ䳄✝Ⲵ᭸㜭ˈᴮᓄ⭘Ҿ䍍࣐䱯䫱䐟ě㓗㶽⊹ᙗᇼߠൠ४઼≨ѵ߫൏ൠ४DŽ㖾ഭ൘䱯᣹ᯟ࣐ޜ䐟䐟สкҏ䘋㹼Ҷ䈅傼DŽ24nㅜйㄐዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀↑✝ἂᱟ࡙⭘⊭⏢є⴨䖜ᦒˈ䙊䗷ሩ⍱ᗚ⧟ᦒ✝ᶕᇎ⧠✝䟿Ր䗃Ⲵ㻵㖞DŽᰙ൘1963ᒤˈ㖾ഭⲴLong.E.Lቡᴮӻ㓽ሶ✝ἂᓄ⭘Ҿ؍ᣔ߫൏ൠสっᇊᙗⲴᯩ⌅ˈѻਾᗇࡠҶ䖳Ѫᒯ⌋Ⲵᓄ⭘DŽĺ↔ཆˈ㾯՟࡙ӊཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䟷⭘൏ᐕṬ㖁ѝປ⸲⹮؞ㆁ䐟สDŽᡁഭཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ᐕ〻⹄ウѫ㾱䳶ѝ൘䶂㯿儈৏઼ьेൠ४ˈṩᦞሩє༴ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟ǃ䫱䐟ᇎ䱵ᐕ〻᧚ᯭⲴ䈳ḕˈሶ਴ᐕ〻ѝᇎ䱵߫൏ᶑԦǃ䟷⭘Ⲵ༴⋫᧚ᯭǃᓄ⭘᭸᷌䘋㹼≷ᙫˈ㿱л㺘ˈѪᯠᔪঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ᐞᔲ⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭᨀ׋৲㘳׍ᦞDŽ㺘3.1ᡁഭཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽༴⋫᧚ᯭ≷ᙫ㺘ᒿᐕ〻਽〠߫൏⢩ᖱ䐟ส⊹䱽༴⋫᧚ᯭ༴⋫᭸᷌ਧዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏а㡜࠶䶂㯿䫱䐟ᆹཊ₧亴㶽ޘ䜘߫൏←䇨߫൏䐟ส䖳Ѫっᇊˈ1ᐳҾш䰤⍬ൠⲴඑ㝊~䛓ᴢ⇥㠚⭡㶽ॆ㠣っᇊ↑ԕẕԓ䐟┑䏣䘀㩕ᵏ㾱≲ൠᑖ䶂㯿䫱䐟DKᴰབྷ൏༔߫㔃␡ᓖ₧✝ἂ䐟ส←ᥔກ㚊㤟✟21416+817~DK䐟ส䖳Ѫっᇊ281̚350cmᶯ؍⑙ᶀᯉ1417+010⇥₧ԕẕԓ䐟←⡷⸣≄ߧ䐟ส䶂㯿䫱䐟ᵋᰶ⊹䱽ਈᖒっᇊਟ3儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿߫൏ঐཊᮠ↑✝ἂ䐟สĺ⺾⸣ᣔඑĻ؍~ᐳᕪṬ⇥᧗⑙ᶀᯉļᧂ≤₧✝ἂ←XPSǃEPS؍⑙ᶯьे䫱䐟࣯վ⍬ཊ⋬⌭ˈἽ㻛߫൏к䲀ᨀॷˈ4↑⺾⸣䐟๔+ৼቲຄཤ㥹ǃ⌕⢉᷇㓯㤲ᇶˈ⌕⛝ቲਁ㛢࡙⭘Ҿ䐟สっᇊ⛝؍⑙ᣔ䚃₧䇮㖞ᡚ≤⋏ǃᧂ≤⋏ǃ⮿䙊⋣䚃←⌕⛝؍⑙ᣔ䚃↑㚊䗮ࡠҶ亴ᵏⲴ᭸ьे䫱䐟߫൏к䲀0.5~1.5mˈ㤟✟⌑⋛ᶯ؍⑙ᣔ䚃+එ5᷌ˈնቊᴹቁ䟿ᄙ᷇㓯սҾຄཤ㥹⋬⌭ൠ⇥㝊䳄≤ቲĺ儈ປ⺾⸣ཀྵ⸲⹮Ⲵ߫㶽ਈॆ䐟๔Ļޘ䜘᥆ࠪ߫൏ˈᦒປ⑇≤൏䳄✝ᶯ䐟สᰐн൷र✝㶽⊹䱽˗₧EPS䳄✝ᶯ䐟ส←⺾ǃඇ⺾⸣䐟สᰐ᭸6䶂㯿ޜ䐟儈⎧ᤄཊᒤ߫൏⸣䐟ส↑✝ἂ䐟ส᷌ˈ⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส᭸᷌䖳ྭ˗✝ἂ䱽վҶ߫൏к䲀䘁8ᒤᶕᐕ֌↓7ഭ䚃214нっᇊཊᒤ߫൏㚊≘䞟(PU)؍⑙ᶯᑨˈ࣐ᕪҶ䐟ส✝っᇊᙗ⊹䱽᰾ᱮ߿ሿˈዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏ˈ߫൏₧⺾⸣൏䐟ส+ৼቲṬḵ←≤っ⸲⹮઼EPS8ഭ䚃301৊ᓖа㡜4~12mˈ߫Ṭḵ+EPSᶯ↑EPSᶯĺสᶯᴹ䖳ྭⲴ䳄✝൏к䲀Ѫ0.15~1.5mᓅᦒປ≤⌕っᇊ⸲⹮ᙗ㜭DŽ䱯㦓ᰇ~ṩ⋣߫൏к䲀1~1.7mˈ߫ㄓᐕаᒤਾ⊹䱽9สᓅᦒປ⸲⹮൏ޜ䐟൏৊ᓖѪ1.5~3.5m䟿1~2cm10唁⋣~ेᆹޜվ⎧ᤄǃ儈㓜ᓖዋ⣦₧߫൏৊ᓖ˘3.5mˈᦒປ⸲㶽⊹䖳䖫ǃ⊹䱽25nㅜйㄐዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀ᒿᐕ〻਽〠߫൏⢩ᖱ䐟ส⊹䱽༴⋫᧚ᯭ༴⋫᭸᷌ਧ䐟ཊᒤ߫൏ˈ߫൏к䲀⹮˗←߫൏৊ᓖ˚3.5mˈᦒ䎻Ҿっᇊ1.2~4.0mປ⸲⹮+অ˄ৼ˅ቲṬḵ˗↑བྷປབྷ᥆⇥ˈ᭩≤⌕䐟䶒Ѫ⋕䶂䐟䶒˗ĺ␵䲔ൠ㺘㓖1m䖟สˈ亴㶽ਾˈ؞≤⌕䐟䶒䫱࣋~Ժ᱕ޜ߫൏к䲀1~5mˈ߫൏っᇊ߫൏к䲀᭸11✝ἂ䐟ส䐟৊ᓖ3mᐖਣ᷌䖳ྭൠ࣯վ⍬⇥৺㕃එ⇥Ѫຄཤ⒯ൠˈ߫൏к₧䚯ᔰ߫൏४←ᦒປޜ䐟䐟สっᇊˈԺ᱕~ӄ㩕ޜ12䲀1.1~6.8mˈ৊ᓖ3.5~5m⸲⹮↑ᦒປ⸲⹮+ਁ؍⑙ᶀᯉާᴹ㢟䐟3.5~7mˈਜ਼൏ߠቲǃ⌑㚊✟؍⑙ᶯ+Ṭḵྭ؍⑙ᙗ㜭DŽ価ߠǃᇼߠ߫൏䖳ཊԕ価ߠ߫൏઼ਜ਼൏ߠ14њᴸᦒປ༴⨶ቲ࠶ᐳѪѫˈ㶽⊹රǃӄ㩕~⊔ᰪ⋣₧ᦒປ⸲⹮+ৼቲṬḵ䐟ส⊹䱽12cm13ᕪ㶽⊹ර৺㶽䲧ර䐟ޜ䐟←5cmEPS؍⑙ᶯ䐟สᐖਣˈ؍⑙ᶯ䐟สˈᆓ㢲㶽ॆቲ0.5̚ส⋑ᴹ㶽⊹ਈᖒ0.8m߫൏⍵ˈൠ㺘л2~5m咔዇~Ժ᱕ޜ₧␵䲔߫൏ቲ←᭩≤⌕䐟䶒ޜ䐟䘀㩕⣦ߥ㢟14ѻ䰤ˈཊᆈ⮉൘ຄཤǃ䐟Ѫ⋕䶂䐟䶒ྭ⋬⌭ൠ⇥⋬⌭ൠ⇥␔⌕ཊǃൠ৊ᓖ˘5mⲴዋ⣦߫൏䐟⇥ޜ䐟ᔪ䇮⣦ߥ㢟15Ժ㔕儈䙏䍘ᶑԦ༽ᵲǃ≄ىཊ䐟ส䟷⭘CFGẙˈ৊ᓖ≥5mྭˈᐕਾ⊹䱽䖳ਈˈ߫൏ⴤᖴ2~12mⲴԕẕԓ䐟ሿ߫൏а㡜৊3̚5mˈ৊ᓖ˘3m߫൏ޘ䜘᥆䲔ˈ৊ࡽᄙޜ䐟ᐕਾ⊹䱽䖳ሿˈ16ᴰབྷ䗮12mˈ儈⑙ᇼᓖ≥3m߫൏䟷⭘⺾⸣ẙᡆ≤Ժ᱕~ेᆹь䐟ส㶽⊹ਈᖒሿߠ߫൏⌕ᨵ᣼ẙ༽ਸ䐟สਟ㿱ˈ߫൏ൠ४䐟สᐞᔲ⊹䱽䟷⭘Ⲵѫ㾱᧚ᯭᴹ˖₧ԕẕԓ䐟˗←儈ປ䐟๔˗↑؍⑙ᶯ䐟ส˗ĺ✝ἂ䐟ส˗Ļ⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส˗ļ᥆䲔߫൏ˈᦒປ⸲⹮˄⺾⸣˅+൏ᐕṬḵ˗Ľ䚞䱣ᶯ䐟ส˗ľ䙊仾㇑䐟ส˗Ŀ⺾⸣ᣔඑᡆ⌕⛝؍⑙ᣔ䚃˗ŀڊྭᧂ≤䇮ᯭDŽަѝڊྭᧂ≤䇮ᯭᱟޣ䭞ˈ਴༴⋫᧚ᯭⲴᐕ〻ᓄ⭘᭸᷌䖳ྭDŽ߫൏Ⲵᆈ൘ሩҾޜ䐟ᐕ〻ᶕ䇢࿻㓸ᱟаབྷ䳀ᛓˈਇ਴⿽ഐ㍐Ⲵᖡ૽ˈ䲿ᰦՊ䙐ᡀ䐟ส㶽⊹ᡆ߫㛰DŽԕẕԓ䐟ǃ✝ἂ䐟สⲴ༴⋫᭸᷌䖳ྭˈնᱟᐕ〻䙐ԧ䖳儈DŽ᥆䲔߫൏ᦒປ⸲⹮˄⺾⸣˅ਟԕᖫᓅ৫䲔ᆓ㢲߫൏ቲⲴᖡ૽ˈ؍⑙䐟สਟԕ؍ᣔᆓ㢲ቲл䜘ཊᒤ߫൏н㶽ॆDŽ⭡Ҿঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟⋯㓯߫൏Ѫዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏ˈਇ≄ىਈ᳆઼ޜ䐟؞ㆁⲴᖡ૽ˈཊᒤ߫൏ሶՊ㶽ॆˈѪҶ߿ሿк䜘ᆓ߫ቲሩ䐟สਈᖒⲴᖡ૽ˈᓄ䟷ਆ⹤ൿ߫൏᧚ᯭ—ᖫᓅᦒປᆓ߫ቲDŽ৸XPS䳄✝ᶯਟԕ䎧ࡠᖸྭⲴ䳄✝؍⑙᭸᷌ˈ᭵㔬ਸ㘳㲁બՖ䍍ቄൠ४㓿⍾ਁኅǃൠ䍘ൠ䊼ǃ≤᮷ᶑԦǃ਴⿽᧚ᯭⲴᐕ〻ᓄ⭘᭸᷌ǃ⧟ຳ؍ᣔㅹഐ㍐ˈ䘹ਆ᥆䲔ൠ㺘ԕлаᇊ␡ᓖⲴ߫൏ᦒປ⺾⸣ˈ䬪䇮൏ᐕṬḵ઼XPS䳄✝ᶯⲴ᧚ᯭDŽ3.3ᵢㄖቅ㔉26nㅜйㄐዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䈳ḕ࠶᷀ᵜㄐӾཊᒤ߫൏४䐟ส⯵ᇣޕ᡻ˈ䈳ḕ࠶᷀Ҷᡁഭཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४वᤜ䶂㯿儈৏ཊᒤ߫൏ԕ৺ьेཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ཊᶑޜ䐟ǃ䫱䐟༴⋫䐟สᐞᔲ⊹䱽Ⲵ᧚ᯭˈᒦሩഭ޵ཆⴞࡽ䖳ѪᲞ䙽ᓄ⭘Ⲵ߫൏䐟สᐞᔲ⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ࠶࡛䘋㹼䈳ḕ࠶᷀DŽѫ㾱⹄ウ㔃䇪ྲл˖1ǃཊᒤ߫൏४䐟ส⯵ᇣԕн൷र⊹䱽ਈᖒǃ㓥ੁ㻲㕍ѪѫDŽ⊹䱽䖳䖫䐟⇥Ѫᮤփл⊹ˈ⊹䱽䖳䟽Ⲵ䐟⇥Ѫн൷र⊹䱽ˈѫ㾱ਁ⭏൘⋬⌭ൠᑖDŽоἽ㻛ǃ≤᮷ᶑԦǃ䐟ส儈ᓖㅹഐ㍐ᴹޣDŽ2ǃⴞࡽഭ޵ཆ߫൏ൠ४༴⋫䐟สᐞᔲ⊹䱽Ⲵѫ㾱᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭवᤜ˖₧ԕẕԓ䐟˗←儈ປ䐟๔˗↑؍⑙ᶯ䐟ส˗ĺ✝ἂ䐟ส˗Ļ⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส˗ļ᥆䲔߫൏ˈᦒປ⸲⹮˄⺾⸣˅+൏ᐕṬḵ˗Ľ䚞䱣Ἂ䐟สľ䙊仾㇑䐟ส˗Ŀ⺾⸣ᣔඑᡆ⌕⛝؍⑙ᣔ䚃˗ŀᧂ≤DŽ3ǃሩ䶂㯿ޜ䐟ǃ䶂㯿䫱䐟ǃ214ഭ䚃ǃьे⢉᷇䫱䐟ǃᄙ᷇䫱䐟ǃഭ䚃301ǃ䱯㦓ᰇ-ṩ⋣ޜ䐟ǃ唁⋣-ेᆹޜ䐟ǃ䫱࣋-Ժ᱕ޜ䐟ǃԺ᱕-ӄ㩕ޜ䐟ǃԺహޜ䐟ӄ㩕-⊔ᰪ⋣⇥ǃ咔዇-Ժ᱕ޜ䐟ǃ唁嗉⊏Ժ㔕儈䙏ޜ䐟ǃࡽᄙ儈䙏Ժ᱕㠣ेᆹь⇥ㅹޜ䐟৺䫱䐟߫൏ᐞᔲ⊹䱽᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭ䘋㹼㌫㔏䈳ḕˈ࠶᷀ަ༴⋫᧚ᯭ᭸᷌৺䘲⭘㤳തDŽѪঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟߫൏⋯㓯༴⋫᧚ᯭᨀ׋৲㘳৺䇮䇑׍ᦞDŽ27nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウㅢ഑ㄖዑ⣬߱ൕޢ䐥䐥ะ⊿䲃᧝࡬ᢶᵥ⹊ガ䲿⵰儈䙏ޜ䐟ᢰᵟㅹ㓗Ⲵᨀ儈઼ԕӪѪᵜ⨶ᘥⲴ␡ޕˈሩ䐟ส䐟䶒ᯭᐕ䍘䟿Ⲵ㾱≲ҏᨀ儈ˈ㘼䐟สᯭᐕ䍘䟿ⴤ᧕ᖡ૽䐟䶒⭘ᙗ㜭DŽ䐟สᯭᐕ䍘䟿䰞仈ᕅ䎧㔃ᶴቲн൷र⊹䱽ǃሬ㠤䐟䶒ᔰ㻲ˈᱟཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟ᐕ〻⯵ᇣⲴѫ㾱ᖒᔿDŽഐ↔ˈᗵ享ѕṬ᧗ࡦ䐟สᯭᐕˈ䐟สっᇊˈ؍䇱䐟䶒Ⲵ⭘䍘䟿ˈ߿ቁ⯵ᇣˈ䱽վޫᣔ䍩⭘DŽ4.1䐥ะどᇐᙝ䇺ԭ⹊ガཊᒤ߫൏䘰ॆⲴᙫ䎻࣯ˈߣᇊҶ߫൏䐟สн㜭ԕѕṬ؍ᣔ߫൏Ѫѫሬˈնҏн㜭ᆼޘᧂ䲔؍ᣔ߫൏৏ࡉⲴਸ⨶ᓄ⭘DŽ൘䘎㔝ཊᒤ߫൏४Ⲵ㞩䜘⇥нՊ൘⸝ᵏ޵䘰ॆѪн䘎㔝Ⲵ߫൏ዋDŽ䐟สっᇊᙗⲴ䇴ԧᓄᱟаᇊⲴ߫൏ൠสᶑԦоᐕ〻㔃ᶴⲴਸ⨶䝽ਸDŽ൘䘎㔝ཊᒤ߫൏४ˈཊᒤ߫൏ቲᆈ൘⵰ൠлߠਁ㛢ᡆਜ਼ߠ䟿བྷⲴ߫㔃ቲˈਸ〠¯⒯⏖රāDŽਜ਼ߠ䟿ቁⲴ߫㔃ቲˈ〠¯ᒢ⠕රāDŽሩҾ⒯⏖ර䐟⇥ˈޜ䐟؞ㆁਾˈаᰖӪѪഐ㍐׳ཊᒤ߫൏ቲ㶽ॆ␡ᓖ࣐བྷˈ㶽ॆл⊹䟿བྷˈቡн㜭؍ᤱ䐟สⲴっᇊDŽഐ↔ˈ㿴ᇊ䇮䇑৏ࡉѪѕṬ؍ᣔ߫൏ⲴAරˈሩҾᒢ⠕රˈޜ䐟؞ㆁਾˈ䐟⇥ཊᒤ߫൏ቲ㶽␡㲭ᴹᡰ࣐བྷˈն㶽ॆቲሂߠ䟿ሿˈਚ㾱䲀ࡦަ㶽ॆл⊹䟿ˈӽ㜭ˈѫѪ൏߫ᣔ؍Ѫަᇊ㿴↔ഐˈᇊっส䐟ᤱ؍䇨䜘࠶㕃ធ㶽ॆⲴBරDŽवᤜ⧠൘኎Ҿ䘎㔝ཊᒤ߫൏४ˈᵚᶕਟ㜭Պ䘰ॆѪ䶎߫൏ዋⲴ䐟⇥DŽ൘н䘎㔝ཊᒤ߫൏४Ⲵ߫൏ዋѝˈҏᴹ¯⒯⏖රā઼¯ᒢ⠕රāѻ࠶DŽ㊫լൠˈᒢ⠕ර኎Ҿк䘠ⲴBරDŽሩҾ¯⒯⏖රā߫൏ዋᐕ〻᧚ᯭᖸ䳮ᣥᗑ㠚❦⧟ຳ䘰ॆⲴᙫ䎻࣯ˈѕṬ؍ᣔ߫൏ࠐѾнਟ㜭DŽ⴨৽ⲴˈӪᐕ亴㶽ᰐ䇪൘ᢰᵟк䘈ᱟ൘㓿⍾кⴞࡽቊᰐ㢟ㆆDŽഐ↔ˈԕቭ䟿߿㕃߫൏ൠⲴ㶽ॆ䙏ᓖѪ৏ࡉˈ㿴ᇊަѪн㜭؍ᣔ߫൏ⲴCරDŽަ᜿മᖸ␵ᾊˈণ⭘㠚❦㶽ॆᶕԓᴯӪᐕ亴㶽ˈᴰབྷ䲀ᓖൠ䚯བྷ㿴⁑䐟สл⊹⹤ൿˈ㋮ᗳޫᣔ㤕ᒢᒤਾˈᖵ䇱ᇎ߫൏ቲᐢн޽ড৺䐟สっᇊᰦ᡽ᴰ㓸ᇊරˈᆳҏवᤜ䘎㔝߫൏४䗩㕈ᑖѝⲴ⒯⏖ර䐟⇥DŽ㶽४৺н䘎㔝߫൏४ѝⲴ䶎߫൏ዋ⇥ਟ᤹ᆓ㢲߫൏ሩᖵˈ኎DරDŽн਼㊫ර㔃ᶴⲴᐞᔲˈ䐟ส儈ᓖӽᱟᴰ䟽㾱Ⲵ৲ᮠˈᱟ䐟สǃ䐟䶒ㅹ㔃ᶴᕅ䎧Ⲵ✝㶽ᖡ૽ˈᡆ〠っᇊ߫൏ᰦӪѪᖡ૽䐟ส儈ᓖ٬ˈਐ࣐кཙ❦⧟ຳл߫൏䘰ॆⲴᖡ૽㌫ᮠDŽᵜ亩ⴞ䐟ส儈ᓖᱟṩᦞ301ഭ䚃Ⲵ⹄ウᡀ᷌⺞ᇊDŽAර˖ѕṬ؍ᣔ߫൏ˈ䘲⭘Ҿш䲥վኡ߫൏ˈ䜘࠶ຄཤൠǃ⒯ൠ߫൏ˈ䘲ᓄ䘎㔝ཊᒤ߫൏४⒯⏖䐟⇥DŽཙ❦ൠ䶒ԕ㓶㋂൏Ѫԓ㺘ˈ䐟สປᯉ㋇㋂൏DŽ唁㢢⋕䶂䐟䶒ᴰվ䐟ส儈ᓖ2.4-4.0mDŽ㘳㲁ࡠ䐟ส䗷儈ᑖᶕⲴ䗩එっᇊᙗᐞˈ䇮䇑Ѫ3m28nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウѪ䲀DŽBර˖؍ᣔ߫൏Ѫѫˈ䘲⭘Ҿຄཤൠǃ⒯ൠ߫൏ˈ䇨䜘࠶㕃ធ㶽ॆˈ䘲⭘Ҿ䘎㔝߫൏४৺н䘎㔝߫൏४ᒢ⠕ර䐟⇥ˈཙ❦ൠ䶒ԕབྷ㋂ᖴⲴ⸲⹮൏ᡆ仾ॆสዙѪԓ㺘ˈ䐟สປᯉӖѪ㋇㋂൏ˈ⋕䶂䐟䶒ᴰվ䐟ส儈䙏2.0-2.5mDŽCර˖н㜭؍ᣔ߫൏ˈ䘲⭘Ҿຄཤൠǃ⒯ൠ߫൏ˈඑ㝊ൠᑖ߫൏ˈቭਟ㜭ൠ߿㕃߫㔃ቲⲴ㶽ॆ䙏ᓖˈⴤࡠᆼޘ䘰ॆѪᆓ㢲߫൏Ѫ→ˈ䘲⭘н䘎㔝߫൏४Ⲵ⒯⏖ර߫൏ዋDŽ䐟ส儈ᓖ2mѪᇌˈ⍵㢢⸲⹮䐟䶒ˈᴹ࡙Ҿ䚃䐟䘀㹼ᵏ䰤ተ䜘؞㺕ˈ䚯བྷ㿴⁑Ⲵ㶽⊹৺㘫⍶ㅹ⯵ᇣˈⴤࡠлԿ߫㔃ቲᆼޘ⎸ཡ˄ᡆ࣐␡ࡠᓄ࣋֌⭘ቲ␡ᓖԕл˅ਾ޽࣐䬪儈ㅹ㓗䐟䶒DŽDර˖ਟԕ᤹а㡜ᆓ㢲߫൏䚃䐟䇮䇑ˈ䘲⭘Ҿ㶽४઼䶎߫൏ዋ䐟⇥ˈ䐟ส儈ᓖӽ䴰བྷҾ1.5mˈԕᣇ⍵ቲ߫㛰ᖡ૽DŽ4.2ዑ⣬߱ൕ䐥ะ༺⋱ᯯṾф᭾᷒࠼᷆4.2.1ዑ⣬߱ൕ䐥ะ༺⋱৕ࡏ䲿⵰ᡁഭส⹰ᔪ䇮Ⲵਁኅˈ൘߫൏࠶ᐳൠ४䘋㹼ᔪ䇮ᰦˈ৏ൠส൏൷㻛ඇ⸣ǃ䫒ㅻǃ≤⌕ᶀᯉᡰᴯᦒDŽӾ㺘3.1ѝਟԕⴻࠪˈඇ⸣ǃ≤⌕৺䫒ㅻ␧ࠍ൏㔃ᶴⲴሬ✝㌫ᮠ∄৏ൠส൏Ⲵሬ✝㌫ᮠ⴨ᐞ2~8ˈഐ↔䲿⵰ส⹰ᔪ䇮Ⲵ䎺ཊ䎺ᘛˈሩ߫൏Ⲵ⹤ൿቡ䎺བྷDŽ㺘4.1н਼ᶀᯉⲴሬ✝ᙗ㜭ᤷḷᇩ䟽ሬ✝㌫ᮠ∄✝ሬ⑙㌫ᮠ൏㊫ਜ਼≤䟿%32g/cmw/m•kJ/kg•km/s-6オ≄0.0011690.024103019.9×10-6㚊㤟✟0.0650.0213000.237×10-6䖟ᵘ0.80.1020000.0625×10-6㥹Ⳟ㞀Ἵ൏901.060.3488292.51.12×10-6␔⌕㞀Ἵ൏881.360.4054399.47.46×10-6㞀Ἵ൏34.61.450.5273278.11.31×10-6≤1.00.5442000.129×10-6唁㢢㋈൏20.61.720.593248.81.39×10-6⸲㋈൏20.61.90.613308.81.05×10-6പփ⋕䶂1.50.699920~16700.466×10-6Პ䙊㋈൏⹆1.80.818800.511×10-6⸲൏20.62.220.963401.41.08×10-6␧ࠍ൏2.41.74~2.3311700.62~0.82×10-6⹮⸣൏14.72.251.7672662.95×10Ӿ㺘3.1ѝਟԕⴻࠪˈᶀᯉⲴᇶᓖ䎺ሿˈަሬ✝㌫ᮠ䎺ሿˈ؍⑙ᙗ㜭䎺ྭDŽᖃ߫൏ቲк㾶ሬ✝㌫ᮠሿⲴᶀᯉᰦˈሩлԿ߫൏Ⲵ؍ᣔ᭸᷌ቡ䎺ྭDŽሬ⑙㌫ᮠ䎺29nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウབྷˈ✝ᢙᮓⲴ䶒〟䎺བྷDŽ䲿⵰、ᆖᢰᵟⲴਁኅˈᖸཊᯠᢰᵟ઼ᯠᶀᯉᓄ⭘ࡠᔪ䇮кᶕˈѪҶ؍ᣔ߫൏ˈ䐟ส䇮䇑䟷⭘؍⑙ᶀᯉ䘋㹼䳄✝༴⨶ˈԕ䗮ࡠ؍ᣔ߫൏ⲴⴞⲴDŽ൘ᖃࡽޘ⨳≄ى䙀⑀ਈ᳆Ⲵᖒ࣯лˈӵӵ䙊䗷߿ቁཆ⭼✝䟿䘋ޕ䐟สⲴ༴⋫ᯩṸᐢн㜭┑䏣߫൏ቲ䙀ᒤ䘰ॆⲴ䎻࣯ˈഐ↔ˈ⧠䱦⇥䟷⭘Ҷѫࣘо㻛ࣘ⴨㔃ਸⲴ᡻⇥ˈྲ✝ἂǃ䙊仾㇑ǃ⡷ඇ⸣ㅹѫࣘࡦߧ᡻⇥਼ᰦ䇮㖞ਸ⨶Ⲵ؍⑙䳄✝ቲˈ൘ሂᆓሶཆ⭼ߧ䟿ᕅޕ䐟สˈ਼ᰦ䱢→᳆ᆓ✝䟿䘋ޕ䐟สˈӾ㘼䗮ࡠ߿㕃߫൏ቲ䙀ᒤ⎸㶽Ⲵ䎻࣯ˈ؍ᣔ䐟สっᇊᙗDŽⴞࡽ൘߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟ޜ〻ѝˈ䐟ส䇮䇑৏ࡉѫ㾱ᴹԕлഋ⿽˖˄1˅؍ᣔ߫൏˖䘲⭘Ҿᒤᒣ൷ൠ⑙վҾ-1.5ćⲴվ⑙っᇊⲴཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४DŽ˄2˅᧗ࡦ㶽ॆ䙏⦷ǃ㔬ਸ⋫⨶˖䘲⭘Ҿ儈⑙ཊᒤ߫൏઼ዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏४ѝ儈ਜ਼ߠ䟿࠶ᐳൠ⇥DŽ˄3˅亴㶽߫൏˖䘲⭘Ҿ儈⑙ǃ߫൏৊ᓖ䖳㮴Ⲵቁߠ߫൏ǃཊߠ߫൏४䐟⇥DŽ˄4˅᤹ᆓ㢲߫൏४Ⲵ䇮䇑˖䘲⭘Ҿ߫൏४޵Ⲵ㶽४DŽ4.2.2ዑ⣬߱ൕ䐥ะ༺⋱ᯯṾṩᦞ301ഭ䚃Ⲵ䈳ḕԕ৺ᯠᔪঊ⢉儈䙏Ⲵൠ䍘ई᧒䍴ᯉˈਟԕ⺞ᇊⴞࡽⲴ߫൏䐟⇥ཊᮠᴹԕл⢩ᖱ˖˄1˅߫൏↓༴Ҿ䘰ॆ⣦ᘱˈཊᒤ߫൏⭏ᆈ⣦ߥॱ࠶㜶ᕡDŽ˄2˅ൠлоൠ㺘≤ਁ㛢ˈᇼߠǃ価ߠ߫൏ࠪ⧠൘ཊᮠ䐟⇥ൠสѝDŽ˄3˅ཊᮠ䐟⇥㶽⊹ᙗ䖳བྷˈ㶽⊹ᙗ䇴ԧѪ㶽⊹̚ᕪ㶽⊹DŽ˄4˅߫൏к䲀л䱽ˈ߫൏৊ᓅ߿㮴DŽ⭡к䘠⢩ᖱˈ㔃ਸ߫൏ൠ४䐟ส䇮䇑৏ࡉˈ൘ዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४ਟ䟷⭘؍ᣔ߫൏ˈ᧗ࡦ߫൏㶽ॆ䙏⦷ǃ㔬ਸ⋫⨶ˈ亴㶽߫൏ㅹ༴⨶৏ࡉDŽ1ǃ؍ᣔ߫൏ˈ䘲⭘ҾAර߫൏,䟷⭘“XPS؍⑙䳄✝ᶯ+ᦒປ⡷⸣”ㅜа⇥䈅傼䐟⇥ẙਧѪK197+900~K198+100ˈ0-0.9㞀⇆൏ˈ0.9-1.6㊣ശ⹮ˈ1.6-10.6㊹䍘㋈൏ˈ߫൏к䲀1.6㊣ˈл䲀10.6㊣ˈཊߠ߫൏DŽ30nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ㞀⇆൏㞀⇆൏ശ⹮㊹䍘㋈൏㊹䍘㋈൏⺾⸣൏മ4.1䫫ᆄḡ⣦മ䈕⇥䐟ส儈ᓖ䖳վˈབྷ䜘࠶䐟ส儈ᓖվҾ2mˈ䐟ส儈ᓖվҾ߫൏Ѥ⭼儈ᓖˈ䐟สᨀ׋Ⲵ✝䱫䖳ሿDŽ൘᳆ᆓᰦ䐟ส੨᭦Ⲵ✝䟿ሶབྷ䟿Րሬ䘋ޕ߫൏ቲѝˈ⋕䶂䐟䶒Ⲵ䬪䇮ՊሶᴤཊⲴ✝䟿੨᭦ᒦՐሬ䘋ޕ߫൏ቲѝˈ߫൏ቲ⎸㶽ਾӗ⭏Ⲵн൷र⊹䱽ሶ䙐ᡀ䐟䶒㔃ᶴቲ⹤ൿDŽ䪸ሩ↔⿽ᛵߥˈ䈕⇥䐟สѝ䟷⭘XPSᶯ֌Ѫ؍⑙ᶀᯉˈԕᕕ㺕䐟ส儈ᓖнཏ㘼䙐ᡀⲴ✝䱫䖳վⲴᛵߥDŽ਼ᰦˈᦒປ3㊣っᇊᙗ䖳ྭⲴ⡷⸣ˈ䐟ส൘ᵚᶕⲴ⭘ѝˈণਁ⭏⊹䱽ˈ⭡Ҿสᓅ֌Ҷᦒປ༴⨶ˈҏнՊሬ㠤䖳བྷⲴн൷र⊹䱽DŽާփᯩṸྲл˖₧䲔ൠ㺘ԕл3m␡㞀Ἵ൏ǃ߫൏ቲˈᦒປ⡷⸣㠣ൠ䶒㓯儈ᓖ˗←ൠ㺘ԕкປㆁ30cm৊⸲⹮˗↑⸲⹮ቲк䜘䬪䇮5cm৊؍ᣔ⸲+5cm৊XPSᶯ+5cm৊؍ᣔ⸲+䱢≤൏ᐕᐳ˗31nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ5cmԼґܔ䩵5cmԼXPSߡ5cmԼґܔ䩵䩵䪮࣌ीമ4.2XPSᶯ+สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣䈅傼䐟ᯩṸ⽪മ4.3สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣⧠൪32nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウമ4.4XPS؍⑙䳄✝ᶯⲴ⧠൪䬪䇮മ4.5XPS؍⑙ᶯк؍ᣔ⸲Ⲵ䬪䇮ㅜҼ⇥䈅傼䐟⇥ẙਧѪK260+130~K260+360ˈ0-0.5㞀⇆൏ˈ0.5-5.0㊣㊹䍘㋈൏ˈ5.0-7.0㊹൏ˈ7.0-11.9⹮⸲൏ˈ߫൏к䲀2.4㊣ˈл䲀6.6-9.0㊣ˈཊߠ߫൏DŽ䈕⇥䐟สᱟປ᥆Ӕ⭼༴઼᥆ᯩ⇥ˈປᯩ৊ᴰབྷ1.2㊣ˈ᥆ᯩ␡ᴰབྷ5.7㊣ˈ⭡Ҿᰐ⌅᥆䲔ޘ䜘߫൏ˈ䟷⭘XPSᶯ֌Ѫ؍⑙ᶀᯉˈ਼ᰦˈᦒປ3㊣っᇊᙗ䖳ྭⲴ⡷⸣DŽ33nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウާփᯩṸྲл˖₧᥆ᯩ㠣䇮䇑ḷ儈ˈ޽ᦒປ3㊣⡷⸣˗←ᦒປਾ䬪䇮൏ᐕṬḵ˗ĺ䬪䇮5cm৊؍ᣔ⸲+5cm৊XPSᶯ+5cm৊؍ᣔ⸲+䱢≤൏ᐕᐳ˗䐟䶒䐟ᒺ5cm؍ᣔ⸲൏ᐕᐳ5cmXPSᶯ5cm؍ᣔ⸲䱢≤൏ᐕᐳ⡷⸣മ4.6XPSᶯ+สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣䈅傼䐟ᯩṸ⽪മ4.7䬪䇮൏ᐕṬḵ34nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウമ4.8䬪䇮XPSᶯ઼䱢≤൏ᐕᐳ2ǃ᧗ࡦ㶽ॆ䙏⦷ǃ㔬ਸ⋫⨶ˈ䘲⭘ҾBරǃ䜘࠶Cර߫൏˄1˅ᕪཟ㖞ᦒ⺾⸣䐟⇥ᕪཟ㖞ᦒ⺾⸣䐟⇥ẙਧ˖K170+140-K172+580ˈ䐟ส儈ᓖ2.68m~5.24mDŽṩᦞ䫫ᆄḡ⣦മ3.9ਟ⸕ˈ䈕⇥䈅傼⇥ൠ㺘㾶ⴆ0.6~1.5mᐖਣⲴ㞀Ἵ൏ˈлаቲѪ2.7~8.0mⲴ㊹䍘㋈൏ˈлаቲѪ㊹䍘⸲൏DŽ߫൏к䲀0.6-1.3mᐖਣˈ߫൏ቲл䲀3.5m~8.0mˈ߫൏㊫රѪ価ߠ߫൏DŽ35nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ㞀⇆൏㞀⇆൏㊹䍘㋈൏㊹䍘㋈൏㊹䍘⸲൏㊹䍘⸲൏߫൏к䲀˖߫൏к䲀˖߫൏л䲀˖߫൏л䲀˖ᇼߠ߫൏価ߠ߫൏മ4.9䫫ᆄḡ⣦മ䈕⇥߫൏ਜ਼≤䟿䖳བྷˈ߫൏㊫රѪᇼߠ~価ߠ߫൏ˈ߫൏ቲ৊ᓖ䖳བྷˈ䈕⇥䐟ส儈ᓖ䖳儈ˈ䐟ส儈ᓖ2.68~5.24mˈ䐟ส儈ᓖབྷҾ߫൏Ѥ⭼儈ᓖˈਟԕᨀ׋䏣ཏⲴ✝䱫ˈ൘᳆ᆓ䱢→ཆ⭼✝䟿བྷ䟿䘋ޕ߫൏ቲѝˈഐ↔䈕⇥䐟ส༴⋫ᯩᔿѝਟн㘳㲁䟷⭘؍⑙᧚ᯭDŽ䈕⇥ൠ㺘㾶ⴆᴹ0.6~1.5m儈঻㕙ᙗ㞀Ἵ൏ˈ㞀Ἵ൏л䜘Ⲵ㊹䍘㋈൏ਜ਼≤䟿ҏ䖳བྷˈ㓖൘25%ᐖਣˈ൏փਜ਼≤䟿᧕䘁価઼⣦ᘱˈൠส᢯䖭࣋䖳վˈᡰԕൠส༴⋫ᯩṸᓄ㘳㲁Ӿ䟷⭘໎བྷൠส᢯䖭࣋ޕ᡻DŽ㔃ਸൠ䍘ᶴ䙐о߫൏࠶ᐳᛵߥˈ䟷⭘ᕪཟ㖞ᦒ⺾⸣࣐പ߫൏ൠสˈ਼ᰦ൘สᓅ䬪䇮൏ᐕṬḵˈԕ䱽վ䐟สᐕਾᐞᔲ⊹䱽䟿DŽ36nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウമ4.10ᕪཟ䈅傼⇥മ4.11ཟඁ˄2˅⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟ส䈅傼䐟⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟สẙਧK206+980~K207+160ˈ䮯ᓖ180mˈ䐟ส儈ᓖ2.34m~5.24mDŽ䈕⇥኎Ҿ⋬⌭߫൏ൠ४ˈൠ㺘བྷ䟿〟≤ˈຄཤ㥹ਁ㛢㤲ⴋDŽṩᦞ䫫ᆄḡ⣦മ3.10ਟ⸕ˈ䈕⇥ൠ㺘㾶ⴆ0.5~0.8mᐖਣⲴ㞀Ἵ൏ˈлаቲѪ㓖7m৊Ⲵ㊹䍘㋈൏ˈлаቲѪ㊹䍘⸲൏DŽ߫൏к䲀0.8-2.0mᐖਣˈ߫൏ቲл䲀4.0~8.5mˈ߫൏㊫රѪ価ߠ߫൏ˈњ࡛䐟⇥߫൏ѝཀྵ㮴㓟ߠቲDŽ37nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ勵㼏勵㼏勵㼏ঞૅডͧ௰਩ͨঞૅডͧ௰਩ͨঞૅডͧ௰਩ͨঞૅডͧࢱ਩ͨঞૅডͧࢱ਩ͨঞૅ䩵ঞૅ䩵ঞૅ䩵K206+940K207+040K207+140ӓЇஒ͹1.2mӓЇஒ͹1.3mӓЇஒ͹2.0mӓЈஒ͹7.8mӓЈஒ͹8.0mӓЈஒ͹5.5mئӎӓئӎӓئӎӓമ4.12䫫ᆄḡ⣦മ䈕⇥ൠ䍘ᶑԦ䖳ᐞˈ߫൏ቲ৊ᓖ䖳৊ˈ߫൏ਜ਼≤䟿䖳བྷˈ߫൏㊫රѪᇼߠ߫൏ˈൠ㺘⋬⌭ਁ㛢㤲ⴋˈൠส᢯䖭࣋䖳վDŽ䟷⭘⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟สᯩṸˈ⡷ඇ⸣䐟สާᴹ¯ሂᆓ㫴ߧǃ᳆ᆓ䳄✝āⲴ᭸᷌ˈਟԕᴹ᭸Ⲵ߿㕃߫൏к䲀Ⲵл〫ˈ൘ޜ䐟ᵚᶕ㤕ᒢᒤⲴ䘀㩕䗷〻ѝˈ⡷ඇ⸣䐟สਟԕнᯝ㫴〟൘ሂᆓᰦཆ⭼བྷ≄ߧ䟿ˈӾ㘼߫൏к䲀䙀⑀എॷˈ߫൏䐟สっᇊᙗՊ䙀ᒤ໎ᕪDŽ⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟สާփᯩṸྲл˖␵䲔ൠ㺘ԕл3m␡㺘ቲ൏ˈഎປ∋⸣㠣ൠ䶒㓯儈ᓖ+1ቲ൏ᐕṬḵ+1㊣৊㋂ᖴ10~15cm⡷⸣+20cm⸲⹮ቲDŽ⡷⸣㾱≲㋂ᖴ㔏аˈᰐ᰾ᱮ㓗䝽ˈ⸣ᯉѝнᗇਜ਼ᴹ⌕൏઼ަᆳᵲ⢙ˈ⸣ᯉᕪᓖнվҾ30MpaDŽ38nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ࣌ीكമ4.13⡷ඇ⸣䐟สᯩṸ⽪᜿മйǃ亴㶽߫൏ˈ䘲⭘Ҿ䜘࠶CරǃDර߫൏ˈ䟷⭘¯ᦒປ3㊣∋⸣+൏ᐕṬḵ”ᵜ亩ⴞབྷ䜘࠶߫൏䟷⭘䈕ᯩṸˈ⋯㓯ዋ⣦߫൏ᱟཊᒤ䘎㔝߫൏Ⲵই⭼ˈዋ⣦߫൏൘オ䰤࠶ᐳⲴн൷रᙗ߫൏ൠสⲴ㶽⊹ਈᖒ൘н਼ս㖞㺘⧠ࠪн਼Ⲵ⊹䱽䟿DŽ൏ᐕṬḵ൘䱽վᐞᔲ⊹䱽ᯩ䶒֌⭘〟ᶱˈ䙊䗷൘สᓅ䬪䇮൏ᐕṬḵˈਟᴹ᭸䱽վ⭡Ҿ߫൏ቲ࠶ᐳн൷䙐ᡀⲴᐞᔲ⊹䱽DŽമ4.14൏ᐕṬḵᯭᐕ⧠൪39nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウമ4.15൏ᐕṬḵᯭᐕ⧠൪ާփᯩṸྲл˖˄1˅᥆䲔ൠ㺘㞀Ἵ൏ˈሶสᓅ3m␡߫൏ቲ᥆䲔ˈᒦᦒປ∋⸣˗˄2˅ൠส亦䶒䬪䇮аቲ൏ᐕṬḵ˗˄3˅එ䀂䇮㖞㞀⇆൏؍⑙ᣔ䀂ᡆ᭮㕃䗩එ1˖3മ4.16ᦒປ⡷⸣䐟สᯩṸ⽪᜿മ4.3ᵰ⨼਀᭾᷒࠼᷆4.3.1⡽ඍ⸩䐥ะ⭞᭾᷒࠼᷆⡷ඇ⸣䐟สᱟ䙊䗷᭩ਈ䐟สⲴ㺘䶒ᖒ⣦઼✝Ր䗃ᵪ⨶ᶕ䈳ᮤ䐟สⲴൠ⑙⣦ᘱˈ䗮ࡠ؍ᣔཊᒤ߫൏ⲴⴞⲴDŽ൘᳆ᆓˈ⡷ඇ⸣䐟สਟԕ䎧ࡠ㊫լ؍⑙ᶀᯉ䱫→ཆ⭼✝䟿Րޕ䐟สⲴ䳄✝֌⭘˗ሂᆓਟԕ䎧ࡠ㊫լ䙊仾㇑࣐ᘛ䐟สᮓ✝Ⲵۘߧ֌⭘ˈ䘉⿽৏⨶ቡᱟ⡷⸣ᣔ䚃ǃ⺾⸣ᣔඑⲴ¯✝ᔰޣ᭸ᓄāˈ䘉ᱟ⭡⡷ඇ⸣䐟สⲴ⢩↺Ⲵ✝Ր䗃⢩ᙗߣᇊⲴDŽഐѪ⡷˄⺾˅⸣о⸣ѻ䰤ᴹаᇊᆄ䳉ˈަ✝ᯩᔿ䲔ҶՐሬՐ✝ѻཆ৸໎࣐Ҷオ≄ሩ⍱ᦒ✝ˈ⡷⸣ቲᴹ᭸ሬ✝㌫ᮠ⴨ᓄൠ⭡Րሬ઼ሩ⍱ᶕߣᇊDŽа㡜ᶕ䈤ˈオ≄઼ዙ⸣⡷⸣ቲᴹ᭸ሬ✝㌫ᮠнࡠ3kcal/m·hÖćˈ㘼40nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウオ≄ሩ⍱Ⲵᦒ✝Ⲵ㔃᷌ˈ൘᳆ᆓˈ⡷⸣ቲ亦䶒Ⲵオ≄∄⡷⸣ᆄ䳉䰤Ⲵオ≄⑙ᓖ㾱儈ˈަᇶᓖ⴨ᓄⲴվҾᆄ䳉Ⲵオ≄⑙ᓖˈཆ䜘✝オ≄оᆄ䳉䰤Ⲵߧオ≄нਁ⭏ሩ⍱ˈ䘉ᰦ✝Ր䙂ѫ㾱䶐⡷⸣ѻ䰤ⲴՐሬᶕᆼᡀˈ⡷⸣ѻ䰤Ⲵ᧕䀖኎Ҿ䶒䶒᧕䀖DŽ⭡Ҿ⡷⸣䐟สⲴオ䳉⦷䘌䘌བྷҾᇶᇎ⣦ᘱⲴ⺾⸣䐟สˈᇶᓖ䘌䘌ሿҾ঻ᇎ⺾⸣䐟สⲴᇶᇎᓖˈᡰԕˈ⡷⸣䐟สⲴሬ✝㌫ᮠ䘌䘌ሿҾ঻ᇎ⺾⸣䐟สⲴሬ✝㌫ᮠˈ⴨ᖃҾᮧ䇮Ҷаቲ䳄✝ᶯˈ䎧ࡠҶ㢟ྭⲴ䳄✝᭸᷌DŽ൘ሂᆓˈᛵߥᡚ❦н਼ˈཆ䶒Ⲵߧオ≄оᆄ䳉ѝⲴ✝オ≄ሩ⍱ཆ⭼ߧ䟿䘋ޕൠቲѝˈо↔਼ᰦˈ⡷⸣Րሬҏᑖ䎠а䜘࠶✝䟿ˈ⭡↔ਟ㿱ˈ⡷ඇ⸣䐟สሩҾ؍ᣔлԿཊᒤ߫൏ᱟॱ࠶ᴹ࡙ⲴDŽ֌Ѫа⿽ѫࣘ䈳᧗䐟ส⑙ᓖⲴᯩ⌅ˈ⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส䙊䗷䱽վ䐟ส⑙ᓖˈᨀ儈߫൏к䲀儈ᓖˈ໎བྷ߫൏䐟ส᢯䖭਼࣋ᰦҏᨀ儈Ҷ䐟สⲴ✝っᇊᙗDŽⴤ᧕䇴ԧ䙊仾䐟ส⭘᭸᷌Ⲵᤷḷᱟ䙊仾㇑䐟สл߫൏к䲀儈ᓖਈॆᛵߥˈа㡜ᛵߥлԕ䐟สᇎ⍻⑙ᓖ൪ѝ0ćㅹ⑙㓯Ⲵᨀॷ儈ᓖ֌Ѫ䙊仾㇑䐟ส⭘᭸᷌Ⲵ䟿ॆᤷḷDŽ4.3.2XPSؓ⑟䳊✣䐥ะ⭞᭾᷒࠼᷆XPSᶯᱟа⿽⺜䍘ˈ䰝ᆄⲴ⌑⋛ກᯉˈ৸〠ᥔກ㚊㤟✟ˈᱟ⭡㚊㤟✟ṁ㜲৺ަᆳ␫࣐ࡲᥔ঻ᡀරⲴᶯᶀDŽᥔ঻䗷〻ࡦ䙐ࠪᤕᴹ䘎㔝൷रⲴ㺘ቲ৺䰝ᆄᔿ㴲ネ㔃ᶴˈ䘉Ӌ㴲ネ㔃ᶴⲴӂ㚄໱ᴹа㠤Ⲵ৊ᓖˈᆼޘнՊࠪ⧠オ䳉ˈ䘉⿽⢩↺Ⲵ㔃ᶴ઼ᥔ঻䗷〻ѝᖒᡀⲴ൷र㓴㓷ᗇXPSᶯާᴹሬ✝㌫ᮠᖸվǃ䳄✝ᙗ㜭㢟ྭㅹ⢩↺ᙗ㜭DŽоXPS࣏㜭⴨਼Ⲵਖཆа⿽؍⑙ᶀᯉEPS˄㚊㤟✟⌑⋛ກᯉᶯ˅ˈ㓿ᇔ޵䈅傼ˈަ਴亩ᤷḷ൷᰾ᱮվҾXPSᶯˈ䘉Ӌᤷḷवᤜ৽༽߫㶽֌⭘лᶀᯉⲴሬ✝㌫ᮠǃ੨≤⦷઼ᕪᓖਈॆˈ䈅傼ሩє⿽ᶀᯉ࠶࡛䘋㹼10ǃ20ǃ30⅑߫㶽ᗚ⧟ਾˈ⍻䈅к䘠йњᤷḷⲴਈॆᛵߥˈ㿱л㺘˖㺘4.3EPSᶯǃXPSᶯ߫㶽ᗚ⧟ਾ⢙⨶ᙗ㜭⍻䈅㔃᷌ᶀᯉ㊫රᗚ⧟⅑ᮠሬ✝㌫ᮠ˄W/m·ć˅փ〟੨≤⦷˄%˅ᣇ঻ᕪᓖ˄Kpa˅100.02492.5335200.02532.8352EPSᶯ300.02612.5326ᒣ൷0.02542.6340100.0230.362637200.0210.39628XPSᶯ300.0190.38633ᒣ൷0.0210.38963641nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウӾк㺘ਟԕⴻࠪˈEPSᶯⲴሬ✝㌫ᮠ⮕བྷҾXPSᶯˈփ〟੨≤⦷ᱟXPSᶯⲴ6ཊˈ㘼ᣇ঻ᕪᓖӵᴹXPSᶯⲴаॺˈ࠶䈤᰾XPSᶯ֌Ѫ䐟ส؍⑙ᶀᯉⲴՈ䎺ᙗDŽമѪࠐ⿽ᶀᯉⲴሬ✝㌫ᮠ∄䖳മˈӾമѝਟԕⴻࠪ⺾⸣Ⲵሬ✝㌫ᮠѪ2.04W/m·kˈXPSᶯⲴሬ✝㌫ᮠᱟ0.0289W/m·kˈ⺾⸣Ⲵሬ✝㌫ᮠᱟXPSᶯⲴ70⛩ࠐкԕˈᤱ؍ᇊっᵏ䮯ਟ㜭ᙗ⑙؍ަˈᙗѵ㙀Ⲵྭ䖳ᴹާᶯSPXфˈ࠶䈤᰾XPSᶯ֌Ѫ䐟ส؍⑙ᶀᯉⲴਟ㹼ᙗDŽሬ✝㌫ᮠ˄অս˖W/m.k˅2.521.5ሬ✝㌫ᮠW/m.k10.5മ3.17ࠐ⿽ᶀᯉሬ✝㌫ᮠሩ∄4.3.3ᕰཥ༺⋱᭾᷒࠼᷆1.ཟࠫ㜭Ր䙂ᵪ⨶⭡ᕪཟӗ⭏Ⲵߢࠫ⌒ˈ᤹ަ൘൏ѝՐ᫝઼ሩ൏֌⭘Ⲵ⢩↺ᙗˈ࠶Ѫփ⌒઼䶒⌒DŽփ⌒वᤜ㓥⌒઼⁚⌒ˈӾཟࠫ⛩⋯⵰ањॺ⨳ᖴੁੁлՐ᫝DŽമ3.18ཟࠫ൘ᕩᙗॺオ䰤ൠสѝӗ⭏Ⲵ⌒൪42nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ2ˊሩൠสӗ⭏ањ঻㕙઼࢚࠷Ⲵ֌⭘ˈਟᕅ䎧ൠส൏Ⲵ঻ᇶപ㔃ˈ䶒⌒Ӿཟࠫ⛩⋯ൠ㺘Ր᫝ˈަ䲿䐍⿫໎࣐ˈ㺠߿∄փ⌒ធⲴཊˈሩൠส൏н䎧࣐പ֌⭘ˈަㄆੁ࠶䟿৽㘼ሩ㺘ቲ൏䎧ᶮࣘ֌⭘DŽഐ↔ˈᕪཟⲴ㔃᷌ˈ൘ൠสѝ⋯␡ᓖᑨᖒᡀᙗ䍘н਼Ⲵйњ४˖₧㺘ቲᶮࣘ४DŽ←࣐പ४ˈᶮࣘ४л䶒Ḁа␡ᓖˈਇࡠփ⌒Ⲵ֌⭘ˈ൏ቲӗ⭏⊹䱽઼൏փⲴ঻ᇶˈᖒᡀ࣐പ४DŽ↑ᕩᙗ४ˈ࣐പ४ԕлߢࠫ⌒䙀⑀㺠߿ˈн䏣ԕ൏ӗ⭏ກᙗਈᖒˈሩൠสн䎧࣐പ֌⭘ˈ〠Ѫᕩᙗ४DŽ3ˊᕪཟ⌅࣐പൠสⲴᵪ⨶ˈӾ࣐പ৏⨶о֌⭘ⴻˈ࠶Ѫࣘ࣋঻ᇶˈࣘ࣋പ㔃ˈࣘ࣋㖞ᦒй⿽ᛵߥDŽԆԜⲴޡ਼⢩⛩䜭ᱟ⹤ൿ൏Ⲵཙ❦㔃ᶴˈ䗮ࡠᯠⲴっᇊ⣦ᘱDŽ₧࣐ࣘ࣋ᇶ䟷⭘ᕪཟ⌅࣐പ䶎価઼൏ˈ⢩࡛Ⲵオ䳉ཊˈ仇㋂㋇བྷⲴ൏ᰦˈߢࠫ࣋ሩ൏Ⲵ֌⭘н਼ҾᵪỠ⻮঻ˈᥟࣘ঻ᇎ઼䟽䭔ཟᇎˈ㘼ᱟสҾࣘ࣋঻ᇶᾲᘥDŽᐘབྷⲴཟࠫ㜭ӗ⭏Ⲵߢࠫ⌒઼ࣘᓄ࣋൘൏ѝՐ᫝ˈ仇㋂⹤⺾ˈф൏ѝ঻㕙ᙗ∄പ⴨઼⏢⴨˄ྲ≤˅བྷᗇཊⲴ≄⴨ণ≄փ䜘࠶俆ਇࡠ঻㕙ᡆӾ൏փオ䳉ѝ䗵䙏ᧂ䲔ˈ൏仇㋂ӗ⭏ⷜ䰤Ⲵ⴨ሩ䘀ࣘˈ䟽ᯠᧂࡇˈ⴨ӂ䶐ᤒˈオ䳉փ〟߿ሿˈӾ㘼ᖒᡀ䖳ᇶᇎⲴ㔃ᶴDŽഐ↔ਟԕ䈤ˈ䶎価઼൏Ⲵཟᇎ䗷〻ˈቡᱟ൏仇㋂⴨ሩս〫ˈ൏ѝⲴ≄⴨㻛ᥔࠪⲴ䗷〻DŽ൘ߢࠫ㜭䟿֌⭘лˈൠ䶒・ণӗ⭏⊹䱽ˈа㡜ཟࠫа䙽ਾˈཟඁ␡ᓖਟ䗮ࡠ0.5m—1.3mˈཟඁᓅ䜘ᡀᖒаቲ䎵঻ᇶ⣦ᘱⲴ⺜༣ቲˈ᢯䖭࣋∄ཟࡽᨀ儈2---3ԕкˈ൘ཟࠫ㜭Ⲵ֌⭘лˈѫ㾱ӗ⭏ߢࠫᖒਈˈ࣐പ㤳ത޵Ⲵ≄փփ〟ሶབྷѪ߿ቁDŽṩᦞ⹄ウ䍴ᯉ㺘᰾ˈᖃ൏փ䗮ࡠᴰᇶᇎᰦˈオ䳉փ〟ਟ߿ቁ60λᐖਣˈ൏փ᧕䘁Ҽ⴨ᘱᓖˈণ⭡䶎価઼൏ਈѪ価઼⣦ᘱˈᡆ㘵൏փⲴ価઼ᓖབྷѪᨀ儈DŽ←ࣘ࣋പ㔃ᕪཟ⌅༴⨶価઼哿ᙗ൏ᰦˈᐘབྷⲴߢࠫ㜭䟿൘൏ѝӗ⭏ᖸབྷⲴᓄ࣋⌒ˈ⹤ൿ൏փ৏ᴹⲴ㔃ᶴˈ൏փተ䜘ਁ⭏⏢ॆˈӗ⭏ᖸཊ㻲䳉ˈ໎࣐ᧂ≤䙊䚃ˈᆄ䳉≤亪࡙䙨ࠪˈᖵ䎵ᆄ䳉≤঻࣋⎸ᮓਾˈ൏փӗ⭏പ㔃DŽ⭡Ҿ䖟փⲴ䀖ਈᚒ༽⢩ᙗˈᕪᓖᗇԕᨀ儈ˈ↔ণപ࣋߫㔃DŽ൘ᕪཟ䗷〻ѝˈṩᦞ൏փѝⲴᆄ䳉≤঻࣋ˈࣘᓄ઼࣋ᓄਈޣ㌫ˈ࣐പ४޵ߢࠫ⌒ሩ൏փ֌⭘࠶йњ䱦⇥˖₧࣐䖭䱦⇥൘ཟࠫⲴⷜ䰤ˈᐘབྷⲴߢࠫ⌒ൠส൏ӗ⭏ᕪ⛸ᥟ઼ࣘࣘᓄ࣋DŽ൘⌒ࣘᖡ43nㅜഋㄐዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ૽޵ˈࣘᓄ࣋ᖰᖰབྷҾᆄ䳉≤঻࣋ˈᴹ᭸ࣘᓄ࣋൏ӗ⭏ກᙗਈᖒˈ⹤ൿ൏Ⲵ㔃ᶴDŽሩҾ㋈ᙗ൏ˈ価઼൏ᶕ䈤ˈᱟࣘ࣋ཟᇎDŽ←ন㦧䱦⇥ཟࠫ㜭ন৫ਾˈᙫⲴࣘᓄ࣋ⷜ䰤ণ䙍ˈ㘼൏ѝᆄ䳉≤঻࣋ӽ؍ᤱ䖳儈Ⲵ≤ᒣˈ↔ᰦᆄ䳉≤঻࣋བྷҾѫᓄ࣋ˈ䶉→⍻঻৺൏Ⲵᣇ᣹ᕪᓖѻ઼ᰦˈণ൏ѝᆈ൘䖳བྷⲴ䍏ᴹ᭸ᓄ࣋ˈ൏փᔰ㻲ˈ⑇䘿㌫ᮠ僔໎ˈᖒᡀ㢟ྭⲴᧂ≤䙊䚃DŽӾᆿ㿲кⴻˈ൘ཟ⛩ઘതӗ⭏඲ⴤ⹤㻲䶒ˈཟඁઘതࠪ⧠߂≄ˈ߂≤⧠䊑ˈᆄ䳉≤঻࣋䲿ѻ䗵䙏л䱽DŽ↑ࣘ࣋പ㔃䱦⇥൘ন㦧ѻਾˈ൏փ؍ᤱаᇊⲴᆄ䳉≤঻࣋ˈ൏փণ൘↔঻࣋лᧂ≤പ㔃DŽ൘㋈൏ѝᆄ䳉≤঻࣋ᤱ㔝ᰦ䰤Պ∄䖳䮯ˈབྷ㓖ॺњᴸԕк᡽㜭⎸ᮓDŽྲ᷌ᴹᶑԦᧂ≤ˈ൏㋂ሶ䘁а↕䶐䘁ˈᖒᡀᯠⲴ㔃ਸ≤㟌઼㔃ᶴ㚄㔃ˈ൏Ⲵᕪᓖ઼ᨀ儈ˈӾ㘼䗮ࡠ࣐പൠสⴞⲴDŽྲ᷌൘࣐㦧઼ন䖭䱦⇥ᖒᡀⲴᴰབྷᆄ䳉≤঻࣋н㜭൏փᔰ㻲ˈҏн㜭൏仇㋂Ⲵ≤㟌઼∋㓶≤᷀ࠪˈࣘ㦧ন৫ਾˈᆄ䳉≤ᵚ㜭䗵䙏ᧂ䲔ˈᆄ䳉≤঻࣋ᖸབྷˈф൏Ⲵ㔃ᶴ㻛ᢠࣘ⹤ൿˈ৸⋑ᴹᶑԦᧂ≤പ㔃ˈ൏仇㋂䰤Ⲵ䀖ਈ৸എ༽Ⲵ∄䖳ធˈ൘䘉⿽ᶑԦлˈнնн㜭哿ᙗ൏࣐പˈ৽㘼൏ቲᢠࣘˈ䱽վҶൠส൏Ⲵᣇ࢚ᕪᓖˈ໎བྷҶ൏Ⲵ঻㕙ᙗˈ㘼ᖒᡀₑⳞ൏DŽഐ↔ሩ↔㊫൏䍘ᕪཟˈᓄṩᦞ⌒൘൏ѝՐ᫝Ⲵ⢩ᙗˈ᤹➗൏Ⲵᙗ䍘䘹ᤙ䘲ᖃⲴᕪཟ㜭䟿ˈ਼ᰦ䘈㾱⌘᜿ᧂ≤ᶑԦ઼䀖ਈഎ༽ᛵߥˈ᡽㜭ᕪཟ⌅ᡆᗇ㢟ྭⲴ࣐പDŽ4.4ᵢㄖቅ㔉䪸ሩޜ䐟䐟สⲴн਼߫൏㊫ර䘋㹼Ҷ࠶᷀⹄ウˈᨀࠪҶ䪸ሩ߫൏䐟สⲴн਼༴⨶ᯩṸ઼ᵪ⨶࠶᷀DŽᵜㄐᙫ㔃Ҷዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟᴹ˖˄1˅䪸ሩ؍ᣔ߫൏ˈᨀࠪҶ¯สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣+XPS؍⑙䳄✝ᶯāᯩṸ˄2˅䪸ሩ؍ᣔ߫൏Ѫѫˈ䇨䖳վ⊹䱽ˈᨀࠪҶ¯ᕪཟ㖞ᦒ⺾⸣+൏ᐕṬḵāǃ¯⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟สāᯩṸDŽ˄3˅䪸ሩнਟ؍ᣔ߫൏ˈ䟷⭘亴㶽߫൏ˈᨀࠪҶ¯ᦒປ∋⸣+൏ᐕṬḵāᯩṸDŽ˄4˅ሩXPSᶯ؍⑙ˈᕪཟˈ⡷⸣䙊仾䘋㹼ᵪ⨶࠶᷀44nㅜӄㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⨶ᯭᐕᐕ⌅⹄ウㅢӊㄖዑ⣬߱ൕ䐥ะ༺⨼᯳ᐛᐛ⌋⹊ガкаㄐ࠶᷀⹄ウҶዋ⣦߫൏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟˈᒦᨀࠪҶ䪸ሩ߫൏䐟สⲴн਼༴⨶ᯩṸ઼ᵪ⨶࠶᷀ˈᵜㄐ䟽⛩䇘䇪⹄ウዋ⣦߫൏䐟สн਼༴⨶ᯩṸⲴާփᯭᐕᐕ⌅৺᧗ࡦᢰᵟDŽ5.1䬰䇴XPSؓ⑟䳊✣ᶵ1ǃᐕ㢪⍱〻ᐕ㢪⍱〻മྲл˖XPSᶯ᤬᧕ᯩᔿ䟷⭘ᩝ᧕ᯩᔿˈྲлമᡰ⽪˖᥆䲔ൠ㺘ԕл3m␡㺘ቲ൏ປㆁ∋⸣ᒣ䬪5cm؍ᣔ⸲䬪䇮XPSᶯ䬪䇮൏ᐕᐳᒣ䬪5cm؍ᣔ⸲䐟สປᯉമ5.1⡷ඇ⸣䐟สᯭᐕ⍱〻മ2ǃᯭᐕᯩ⌅˖45nㅜӄㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⨶ᯭᐕᐕ⌅⹄ウ˄1˅ປㆁ∋⸣˖สᓅᮤᒣਾˈᒦ亴⮉аᇊⲴ⁚එǃ㓥එਾˈ䟷⭘ᥟࣘ঻䐟ᵪ⻮঻ᇶᇎˈ❦ਾປㆁ∋⸣ˈ⇿ቲປㆁ50cmˈ䟷⭘60T◰ᥟ࣋Ⲵᤆᔿᥟࣘ঻䐟ᵪ䘋㹼⻮঻ˈປㆁ1.5㊣ˈ⭘ߢࠫ঻䐟ᵪߢ঻20䙽ˈ䱢→⊹䱽䗷བྷDŽ˄2˅䬪䇮؍ᣔ⸲൘ᦒປ∋⸣кᒣ䬪5cm؍ᣔ⸲ˈӪᐕᒦᮤᒣDŽ˄3˅䬪䇮XPS؍⑙ᶯˈᖒᡀ䳄✝؍⑙䐟ส൘؍ᣔቲкᒣ䬪аቲXPSᶯˈ⭘Uර䭊䪹䭊⢒XPSᶯˈ䘎ᡀᮤփˈ“U”ර䭊䪹䟷⭘¶8䫒ㅻࡦ֌DŽ˄4˅䬪䇮䱢≤൏ᐕᐳ൘XPSᶯк䬪аቲ䱢≤൏ᐕᐳˈ䱢→≤л⑇DŽ˄5˅ᒣ䬪؍ᣔ⸲ᒣ䬪5cm؍ᣔ⸲ˈѻਾປㆁ䐟สປᯉ30cmˈ⭘20੘঻䐟ᵪ䶉঻4䙽ˈᥟ঻2䙽DŽ3ǃᯭᐕ⌘᜿һ亩₧ᯭᐕส䶒ᗵ享؍ᤱᒢ⠕ˈ؍ᣔ⸲䬪䇮൷रDŽ←XPSඇփᓄ䭉㕍䬪䇮ˈᶯѻ䰤⭘Uර䪹䘎᧕DŽ↑XPSඇփ亦䶒Ⲵ൏ᐕᐳ㾶ⴆޘ䜘XPSඇփDŽѕ⾱䟽රᵪỠⴤ᧕൘XPSඇփк㹼傦ˈᶯкປᯉᰦሶປ൏⭘㠚ন⊭䖖䘀ᣥаㄟনᯉˈ⭡㻵䖭ᵪ䖖ሶປᯉ᤹➗঻ᇎ৊ᓖੁࡽሶ䗷࢙Ⲵປᯉ᧘䘀ˈᆼᡀᶯᶀкປᯉⲴ䬪ㆁᐕ֌ˈ䲿ਾ⭘ᒣൠᵪᮤᒣˈ঻䐟ᵪ঻ᇎDŽѪ䱢→XPS㻛঻ൿˈᶯк঻ᇎ৊ᓖᇌѪ30cmDŽ5.2⡽ඍ⸩䐥ะ1ǃᐕ㢪⍱〻ᐕ㢪⍱〻മྲл˖46nㅜӄㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⨶ᯭᐕᐕ⌅⹄ウ᥆䲔ൠ㺘ԕл3m␡ᓖ㺘ቲ൏䬪䇮൏ᐕṬḵᦒປ∋⸣3㊣ᣋປ㋂ᖴ10~15cm⡷ඇ⸣㠣ൠ䶒㓯ԕк100cmᣋປ20cm⸲⹮䐟สປᯉമ5.2⡷ඇ⸣䐟สᯭᐕ⍱〻മ2ǃᯭᐕᐕ㢪˄1˅ປㆁ∋⸣˖สᓅᮤᒣਾˈᒦ亴⮉аᇊⲴ⁚එǃ㓥එਾˈ䟷⭘ᥟࣘ঻䐟ᵪ⻮঻ᇶᇎˈ❦ਾປㆁ∋⸣ˈ⇿ቲປㆁ50cmˈ䟷⭘60T◰ᥟ࣋Ⲵᤆᔿᥟࣘ঻䐟ᵪ䘋㹼⻮঻ˈປㆁ1.5㊣ˈ⭘ߢࠫ঻䐟ᵪߢ঻20䙽ˈ䱢→⊹䱽䗷བྷDŽ˄2˅⡷ඇ⸣ປㆁ₧ٮປ⡷⸣ᯭᐕˈ䟷⭘᧘൏ᵪ᧘ປ⡷⸣ˈᯭᐕᰦѕṬ᧗ࡦ⡷⸣䍘䟿઼㓗䝽ˈ਼ᰦ⌘᜿䱢→ሶᓅ䜘㓶ᯉᑖ䎧ˈ䚯ᖡ૽䙊仾᭸᷌DŽ←ٮປ⡷⸣⻮঻৺㺘ቲ᢮ᒣDŽ䟷⭘䟽රᥟࣘ঻䐟ᵪ⻮঻ٮປ⡷⸣ቲˈᓄ঻єחˈਾ঻ѝ䰤ˈ㓥ੁ䘋㹼ˈ৽༽⻮঻ˈ⻮঻䙽ᮠ⭡䈅傼⺞ᇊнቁҾ6̚8⅑DŽ⻮঻ᰦˈ㓥ੁ㹼о㹼ѻ䰤ᓄ䟽ਐ0.4mԕкˈࡽਾ⴨䛫४⇥ᓄ䟽ਐ2.0mԕкˈԕ᧗ࡦٮປ⡷⸣ቲᮤփっᇊᙗDŽ↑⸲⹮䗷⑑ቲປㆁDŽ൘ٮປ⡷⸣ޘᇭ㤳ത޵ປㆁˈ㾱ѕṬ᧗ࡦ⹮⸣ᴰሿ㋂ᖴˈԕ䱢ަ┿ޕٮປ⡷⸣ѝˈᖡ૽䙊仾᭸᷌ˈປㆁਾ䘋㹼⻮঻ˈ᤹⸣䍘䐟๔᧗ࡦަᇶᇎᓖ઼ᒣᮤᓖDŽ47nㅜӄㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⨶ᯭᐕᐕ⌅⹄ウĺປㆁ䐟สປᯉDŽ˄3˅ᯭᐕ⌘᜿һ亩₧ѕṬ᧗ࡦ⡷⸣䍘䟿ˈ⡷⸣㋂ᖴᗵ享ㅖਸ䇮䇑㾱≲ˈڊࡠᰐ㓗䝽ˈᒦнᗇਜ਼൏ˈԕᖡ૽䙊仾᭸᷌DŽ←ٮປ⡷⸣䗩එˈнᗇѪ⡷䶒䘭≲㖾㿲㘼⸱⸼ˈԕᖡ૽䙊仾᭸᷌DŽ↑ѕṬ᧗ࡦ⹮⸣㋂ᖴˈ䱢→ѝ㋇⸲઼ሿᖴ⹮⸣┿ޕ⡷⸣ѝ㘼ᖡ૽䙊仾᭸᷌DŽĺ㾱ѕṬ᧗ࡦൠ㺘≤⍱ޕ䐟สDŽ5.3ᕰཥ˄1˅ᯭᐕᐕ㢪⍱〻␵⨶൪ൠປㆁཟᯉḷ⽪ཟ⛩ཟᵪቡս⛩ཟປᒣཟඁ┑ཟ䐟สປᯉ48nㅜӄㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⨶ᯭᐕᐕ⌅⹄ウമ5.3⡷ඇ⸣䐟สᯭᐕ⍱〻മ˄2˅ᯭᐕᢰᵟᕪཟ⌅ѫ㾱ᯭᐕ৲ᮠवᤜ˖ᴹ᭸࣐പ␡ᓖǃཟࠫ㜭ǃཟࠫ⅑ᮠǃཟࠫ䙽ᮠǃ䙽ᮠ䰤䳄ᰦ䰤ǃཟࠫ⛩ᐳ㖞ㅹDŽཟࠫ㜭䟿䘹ᤙ䟷⭘ᕪཟ⌅ᯭᐕᰦˈਸ⨶䘹ᤙཟࠫ䇮༷৺ཟࠫ㜭䟿ˈሩᨀ儈ཟࠫ᭸⦷ᖸ䟽㾱DŽཟࠫ㜭䟿Ⲵ⺞ᇊѫ㾱׍ᦞ൪ൠⲴൠ䍘ᶑԦǃᯭᐕᶑԦ઼ᐕ〻⭘㾱≲ˈⴞࡽቊ⋑ᴹᡀ⟏Ⲵ䇑㇇ᯩ⌅ᶕ⺞ᇊཟࠫ㜭䟿DŽഭ޵ཆаӋᇎ䐥㓿傼㺘᰾˖䘹⭘ንᑖᔿ਺ᵪᯭᐕᰦˈ㩭䐍а㡜Ѫ8̚25mˈ䟷⭘у䰘й㝊઼ᷦ䰘ᔿ䎧䟽ᷦᯭᐕᰦˈ㩭䐍ਟ䗮25̚40mˈ䭔䟽ਟṩᦞᴹ᭸࣐പ␡ᓖ䘹⭘ˈᴹ᭸࣐പ␡ᓖሿҾ10mᰦˈਟԕ䘹ᤙ10̚18t䭔䟽ˈ࣐പ␡ᓖབྷҾ10mᰦˈᓄ䘹ᤙབྷҾ18tⲴ䭔䟽DŽঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟䐟สᯭᐕ䘹ᤙⲴᕪཟ䭔䟽Ѫ15tˈཟ䭔㩭䐍Ѫ15mˈཟࠫ㜭Ѫ2250kN·mDŽঅ⛩ཟࠫ⅑ᮠǃঅቲཟࠫ䙽ᮠ⺞ᇊߣᇊཟࠫ⅑ᮠⲴѫ㾱ഐ㍐ᱟཟࠫ㜭䟿о䐟สປᯉᙗ䍘ˈঅ⛩ཟࠫ⅑ᮠ䙊䗷⧠൪䈅ཟᗇࡠⲴཟࠫ⅑ᮠоཟ⊹䟿Ⲵޣ㌫ᴢ㓯⺞ᇊDŽ⧠൪ᓄ䙊䗷䈅ཟ⺞ᇊᴰཟࠫ⅑ᮠˈа㡜অ⛩ᴰཟࠫ⅑ᮠ൘6~7⅑ˈ↔ᰦཟ⊹䟿䎻Ҿっᇊˈᯭᐕᰦԕ䘎㔝є⅑ཟ⊹䟿ሿҾ5cmѪ→ཟ᧗ࡦᤷḷDŽཟࠫ䙽ᮠṩᦞ䐟สປᯉᙗ䍘⺞ᇊˈ䘹ᤙཟࠫ䙽ᮠѪ3䙽ˈ2䙽⛩ཟˈ1䙽┑ཟˈ┑ཟ䭔ঠ⴨᧕DŽཟࠫ⛩ᐳ㖞ཟࠫ⛩Ⲵᐳ㖞ᓄṩᦞ䐟๔ປᯉ൏ᙗ䍘઼ᕪཟ࣐പ㤳ത⺞ᇊDŽṩᦞᴹ䲀⁑රՠ㇇㔃᷌ᗇࠪ˖ཟ䭔䟽Ѫ15੘ǃⴤᖴ2mˈ㩭䐍Ѫ15mⲴᛵߥлˈᕪཟᖴੁᴹ᭸࣐പ㤳തᱟ3.0mˈᖴੁᴹ᭸ᖡ૽㤳തᱟ10mDŽഐ↔ཟ⛩䰤䐍൘3̚10mѻ䰤ˈ⭡Ҿ࣐പ␡ᓖ䖳བྷˈㅜа䙽ཟ⛩䰤䐍ᴤнᇌ䗷ሿˈԕཟࠫᰦ൘⍵ቲᖒᡀᇶᇎቲ㘼ᖡ૽ཟࠫ㜭ੁ␡ቲՐ䙂ˈ䙐ᡀ㜭䟿ᦏཡDŽ㘳㲁ᕪཟ࣐പ᭸᷌৺ᯭᐕᶑԦㅹഐ㍐ˈ䘹ᤙཟ⛩䰤䐍Ѫ6mDŽ䰤䳄ᰦ䰤ሩҾປ൏䐟สˈє䙽ཟࠫѻ䰤ᓄᴹаᇊⲴᰦ䰤䰤䳄ˈԕ࡙Ҿ൏ѝ䎵䶉ᆄ䳉≤঻࣋Ⲵ⎸ᮓˈਟԕሶ䎵䶉ᆄ䳉≤঻࣋Ⲵ⎸ᮓᰦ䰤֌ѪѪ⴨䛫є䙽ཟࠫ䰤䳄ᰦ䰤DŽሩ価઼㋈ᙗ൏઼⸲൏ˈ㓿ཟࠫਾⲴ൏փ䙊ᑨਟӗ⭏50~100kPaⲴᆄ䳉≤঻࣋ˈަѝቔԕ⑇䘿ᙗᐞⲴ㋈ᙗ൏؍⮉Ⲵᆄ䳉≤঻࣋Ѫ儈ˈަ⎸ᮓᰦ䰤䮯䗮2~4ઘˈ㘼⸲൏ൠส൘ࠐ࠶䫏㠣ࠐሿᰦ޵ቡ㜭⎸ᮓᆼ∅ˈสᵜкਟԕ䘋㹼䘎㔝ཟࠫDŽཟ⛩䰤䐍ሩᆄ䳉≤঻࣋⎸ᮓ䙏⦷ҏᴹᖸབྷⲴᖡ૽DŽཟ⛩䰤䐍ሿˈᆄ䳉≤঻࣋⎸ᮓធ˗৽ѻˈཟ⛩䰤䐍བྷˈᆄ䳉≤঻࣋⎸ᮓᘛDŽ49nㅜӄㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⨶ᯭᐕᐕ⌅⹄ウ⭡Ҿ䈕⇥ൠสѝ㊹䍘㋈൏ਜ਼≤䟿䖳བྷˈ൏փ᧕䘁価ਸ⣦ᘱˈ㤕অа⭘ᕪཟˈ⭡Ҿ㋈൏ቲѝᧂ≤䙊䚃ॱ࠶н⭵ˈཟࠫਾӗ⭏Ⲵᆄ䳉≤঻࣋䳮ԕ䗵䙏⎸ᮓˈ൏փҏ䖳䳮ཟᇎˈഐ↔㘳㲁䟷⭘ᕪཟ㖞ᦒ⺾⸣ˈሶ⺾⸣䙊䗷ᕪཟ⹨ޕ㋈൏ѝˈ⺾⸣⴨ӂӗ⭏ൾᥔ֌⭘ˈਟ໎བྷൠส⁑䟿ˈӾ㘼໎བྷൠส᢯䖭࣋DŽᕪཟ㖞ᦒ⺾⸣䈅傼䐟ާփᯩṸྲл˖₧ປㆁཟᯉ᥆䲔ൠ㺘1m৊㺘ቲ㞀Ἵ൏ˈสᓅᣋປ50cm৊⡷⸣ˈປㆁ50cm৊⸲⹮ቲˈᕪཟ༴⨶ˈ⇿䙽⛩ཟ䗮ࡠ䇮䇑㾱≲ਾˈ䟷⭘᧘൏ᵪປᒣཟඁˈ޽䘋㹼л䚃ᐕᒿDŽ←ᕪཟᯭᐕ৲ᮠ˖䭔䟽˖15t˗㩭䐍˖15m˗অࠫཟࠫ㜭˖2250KJ˗ཟࠫ䙽ᮠ˖3䙽ˈㅜ1ǃ2䙽⛩ཟˈㅜ3䙽┑ཟˈ䭔ঠ⴨᧕˗ཟ⛩䰤䐍˖6mˈཟ⛩ᐳ㖞ྲлമ˖1112226.001ㅜ1䙽ཟ⛩1113.002222ㅜ2䙽ཟ⛩3.003.006.003.00മ5.4অቲཟ⛩ᒣ䶒ᐳ㖞മ↑┑ཟਾᮤᒣൠ㺘ˈ൘亦䶒䬪䇮аቲ൏ᐕṬḵˈ䐟สປㆁ㠣ൠ䶒㓯ԕк50cm༴ᰦˈ޽䬪䇮аቲ൏ᐕṬḵˈ䟷⭘অੁ᣹ը൏ᐕṬḵˈᣇ᣹ᕪᓖнሿҾ60KN/mˈᑵᇭ2mˈᩝ᧕ᇭᓖнሿҾ20cmDŽ൏ᐕṬḵᐳ䇮മྲл˖------------------------------------------------аቲ൏ᐕṬḵ50cm৊䐟สປᯉ------------------------------------------------аቲ൏ᐕṬḵཟᇎ䶒മ5.6൏ᐕṬḵᐳ㖞䈤᰾˄3˅ᯭᐕ⌘᜿һ亩₧൘ᕪཟᯭᐕ䗷〻ѝˈቭ䟿؍ᤱ䭔ᒣっˈ؍䇱ཟඁൠ䶒ᒣᮤˈྲ㤕нᒣᮤˈᓄণ䘋㹼ປᯉ㺕ᒣˈ㤕ᯉ䘋ޕสᓅཚཊҏ㾱䘋㹼㺕ᯉDŽ←⛩ཟѻਾ˄൘⛩ཟ㔃ᶏਾˈ᭮㖞3—5ཙˈᴹᖵҾオ䳉≤঻࣋⎸ᮓѻਾˈ50nㅜӄㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส༴⨶ᯭᐕᐕ⌅⹄ウ޽䘋㹼┑ཟᯭᐕ˅ˈ⭘᧘൏ᵪᮤᒣਾ䘋㹼┑ཟᯭᐕ↑ᕪཟᯭᐕᆼᡀਾˈ䘋㹼ߢࠫ⻮ᯭᐕˈᨀ儈㺘䶒ቲᕪᓖˈਾ䘋㹼↓ᑨⲴ䐟สປㆁDŽĺᕪཟࡽ䘋㹼߫൏亴㶽ˈ൘᱕ཙ࢕⿫㞀⇆൏ቲˈ࣐䬪ກᯉ㮴㟌ˈ࣐ᘛ੨✝䙏ᓖˈ߫൏㶽ॆˈ❦ਾᕪཟDŽ5.4ᵢㄖቅ㔉ሩн਼߫൏༴⨶ᯩṸᨀࠪҶᯭᐕᢰᵟᯩ⌅઼⌘᜿һ亩DŽ˄1˅¯สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣+XPS؍⑙䳄✝ᶯā઼¯ᦒປ∋⸣+൏ᐕṬḵāᯩ⌅༴⨶߫൏ˈᯭᐕ㾱൘9ᴸ-10ᴸᆼᡀᔰ᥆ˈᦒປ2㊣∋⸣ˈ࠶ቲ⻮঻ˈㅜҼᒤ4-5ᴸ༽ᐕˈ䘋㹼ߢࠫ঻䐟ᵪ঻ᇎˈߢࠫнቁҾ20䙽ˈ޽䘋㹼ປㆁ∋⸣1㊣ˈ䬪䇮XPSᶯㅹᐕᒿDŽ˄2˅䟷⭘㋂ᖴ20cm~40cmˈ৊ᓖѪ1.5mⲴ⡷⸣䙊仾䐟ส㜭ཏ䎧ࡠ䱽վสᓅൠ⑙઼໎࣐ൠቲߧۘ䟿Ⲵ֌⭘ˈᴹ࡙Ҿ؍ᣔสᓅཊᒤ߫൏DŽ˄3˅ᕪཟᯩ⌅༴⨶߫൏ˈᯭᐕᓄ൘9-10ᴸᆼᡀˈᆓ㢲߫൏ᐢ㓿㶽ॆˈ亴㶽䗮ࡠᴰ␡〻ᓖˈᕪཟ᭸᷌ᴰՈDŽ51nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウㅢޣㄖዑ⣬߱ൕ䐥ะ⊿䲃ԛ਀൦⑟㿸⎁䈋僂⹊ガ6.1⊿䲃㿸⎁6.1.1㿸⎁ⲺⴤⲺૂᝅѿ⊹䱽㿲⍻ⲴⴞⲴ൘ҾҶ䀓઼䇔䇶ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟䐟ส⊹䱽㿴ᖻDŽ䙊䗷ᇎ⍻Ⲵ䐟ส⊹䱽ᮠᦞˈਟԕ઼⨶䇪࠶᷀䘋㹼ሩ∄⹄ウˈᒦ㜭ሩԕਾⲴ䐟䶒㔃ᶴ⹤ൿᨀ׋׍ᦞˈҏѪӺਾа㌫ࡇⲴ⹄ウᨀ׋ᗵ㾱Ⲵ৲㘳䍴ᯉDŽ⊹䱽㿲⍻ѫ㾱ާᴹᆹޘ亴ᣕˈ、ᆖ䇴ԧ৺Ự傼ᯭᐕ䍘䟿3њᯩ䶒Ⲵ֌⭘ཆˈ䘈ᴹԕл⢩↺Ⲵ֌⭘:1ǃ⭘ൠ㺘ර⊹䱽䇑˄⊹䱽ᶯ˅㿲⍻ൠ㺘⊹䱽䟿ᱟ⭘Ҿ⊹䱽㇑⨶DŽṩᦞ⍻ᇊᮠᦞ䈳ᮤປ൏䙏⦷˗亴⍻⊹䱽䎻࣯ˈ⺞ᇊ㔃ᶴ⢙઼䐟䶒ᯭᐕᰦ䰤˗ᨀ׋ᯭᐕᵏ䰤⊹䱽൏ᯩ䟿Ⲵ䇑㇇׍ᦞDŽ2ǃ⭘ൠ㺘≤ᒣս〫ẙ˄䗩ẙ˅㿲⍻ൠ㺘≤ᒣս〫䟿৺䲶䎧䟿ᱟ⭘Ҿっᇊ㇑⨶DŽⴁ⍻ൠ㺘≤ᒣս〫৺䲶䎧ᛵߥˈԕ⺞؍䐟๔ᯭᐕⲴᆹޘ઼っᇊDŽ3ǃ⭘ൠл≤ᒣս〫䇑㿲⍻ൠл൏փ࠶ቲ≤ᒣս〫䟿ᱟ⭘Ҿっᇊ㇑⨶о⹄ウDŽ⭘֌ᦼᨑ࠶ቲս〫䟿ˈ᧘ᇊ൏փ࢚࠷⹤ൿⲴս㖞ˈ䘉൘ᗵ㾱ᰦ䟷⭘DŽ6.1.2ዑ⣬߱ൕ䐥ะ䈋僂䐥⊿䲃㿸⎁ᯯṾ˄1˅“XPSᶯ+สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣ā䈅傼䐟⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯩṸ䈅傼䐟ẙਧ㤳തK197+900~K198+100ˈ䐟ส儈ᓖ1.7m~2.5m˗K260+130~K260+360᥆ᯩ䐟สˈ䟷⭘“XPSᶯ+สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣āᯩṸ༴⨶߫൏䐟สDŽ䟷⭘෻䇮⊹䱽ᶯ䘋㹼䐟ส⊹䱽㿲⍻DŽᐳ㖞ҾK197+950ˈK198+050ˈ2њ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯝ䶒ˈK260+100,K260+120,K260+200,K260+280ˈ4њ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯝ䶒ˈ⇿༴㿲⍻ᯝ䶒䇮㖞1њ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᶯˈսҾѝཞ࠶䳄ᑖཆ㕈ਣח50cm༴DŽྲമᡰ⽪˖⊹䱽ᶯ෻䇮ᐳ㖞മྲл˖52nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ⊹䱽ѝཞ࠶䳄ᑖཆ㕈ᶯ䐟สമ6.1⊹䱽ᶯᐳ䇮മ˄2˅⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟ส䈅傼䐟⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯩṸ⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟ส䈅傼䐟ẙਧ㤳തK206+980~K207+120ˈ䈅傼⇥䮯ᓖ120mˈ䐟ส儈ᓖ2.8m~3.5mDŽ䈕⇥኎Ҿ⋬⌭ൠ४ˈൠ㺘བྷ䟿〟≤ˈຄཤ㥹ਁ㛢㤲ⴋDŽ䈕⇥䈅傼䐟䟷⭘⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟สˈᐳ㖞ҾK207+100ˈ1њ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯝ䶒ˈ䇮㖞1њ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᶯˈսҾѝཞ࠶䳄ᑖཆ㕈ਣח50cm༴DŽྲമᡰ⽪˖ᯩṸᐳ㖞മྲл˖⊹䱽ѝཞ࠶䳄ᑖཆ㕈ᶯ䐟สമ6.2⊹䱽ᶯᐳ䇮മ˄3˅¯ᦒປ3㊣∋⸣+൏ᐕṬḵā䈅傼䐟⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯩṸ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯝ䶒ᐳ㖞ҾK195+600ˈ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯝ䶒䇮㖞1༴⊹䱽ᶯˈ⊹䱽ᶯսҾ䐟สѝཞ࠶䳄ᑖਣחཆ㕈50cm༴ˈྲമᡰ⽪˖53nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ⊹䱽ѝཞ࠶䳄ᑖཆ㕈ᶯ䐟สമ6.3⊹䱽ᶯᐳ䇮മ6.1.3䐥ะ⊿䲃ᶵก䇴䈪᱄Ѫ䱢→䐟ส঻ᇎሩ⊹䱽ᶯⲴᖡ૽ˈ⊹䱽ᶯⲴ෻䇮ᇊ൘䐟สᯭᐕᆼᡀѻਾˈ൘䐟ส㺘䶒ԕл20cm༴ˈ䟽ᯠ᥆ᔰ෻䇮ˈ⊹䱽ᶯᓄ؍ᤱ≤ᒣˈᶯᓅᓄ䬪аቲ㓶⸲ˈ᭮㖞ྭਾ⭘࣋঻㍗ˈ❦ਾ⭘൏෻տDŽྲ䬪䇮ᔰ᥆༴ᴹ൏ᐕṬḵˈࡉਟሶ൏ᐕṬḵ᥆ᔰቭ䟿㿴ṬǃቪረሿⲴ⍎ˈ䘋㹼⊹䱽ᶯ෻䇮DŽ⊹䱽ᶯ䟷⭘40cm×40cm×1cm䫒ᶯˈ⍻㇑ĭ40mmⲴ䭰䬼䫒㇑ࡦ֌ˈ⭘йṩᯌ䫒ㅻ✺᧕൘⊹䱽ᶯѝᗳˈ⍻㇑䮯20cmˈ᧕ཤ䟷⭘эਓ䘎᧕DŽ൘䫒㇑ཆח྇བྷ䫒㇑ᡆᴹаᇊᕪᓖⲴກᯉ㇑ˈ྇㇑ⴤᖴԕ㜭ᇩлѝ䰤Ⲵ䭰䬼䫒㇑Ѫᇌˈ䮯ᓖ∄ѝ䰤䫒㇑⸝5̚10cmˈ⊹䱽ᶯഋњ䀂༴✺4ṩ5cm䮯ĭ10mm䫒ᶑDŽ40cm×40cm×1cm䫒ᶯº40mm䭰䬼䫒㇑º40mm䭰䬼䫒㇑º10mm䫒ᶑ40cm×40cm×1cm䫒ᶯº10mm䫒ᶑח㿶മ؟㿶മമ6.4⊹䱽ᶯࡦ֌54nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウമ6.5⊹䱽ᶯ෻䇮⽪᜿മ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᴰ䟽㾱ⲴᱟሩҾ㿲⍻ᮠᦞⲴ᭦䳶ԕ৺ሩ∄࠶᷀ˈ⭡Ҿ߫൏䐟ส൘ߜᆓ߫㔃ˈ⊹䱽ਈॆ䟿䖳ሿˈഐ↔⊹䱽㿲⍻仁⦷ᓄ㘳㲁ᯭᐕоᆓ㢲ৼ䟽ഐ㍐ˈл㺘Ѫዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४߫൏䐟สਈॆ䗷〻˖㺘6.1߫൏䐟สਈॆ䗷〻߫㶽ᙗ䍘㶽ॆ䱦⇥߫㔃䱦⇥っᇊ߫㔃䱦⇥ᰦ䰤4̚10ᴸ10̚⅑ᒤ1ᴸ1̚3ᴸਈᖒᙗ䍘л⊹ਈᖒ߫㛰ਈᖒ⴨ሩっᇊ䐟ส㶽⊹ਈᖒ㿲⍻ᓄ׍ᦞ䐟ส߫൏ਈॆ䗷〻㿴ᖻˈ൘㶽ॆ䱦⇥˄4̚10ᴸ˅ˈ㿲⍻仁⦷Ѫॱӄཙ㿲⍻а⅑ˈ߫㔃䱦⇥˄10̚1ᴸ˅ԕ৺っᇊ߫㔃䱦⇥˄1̚3ᴸ˅ˈ⭡Ҿ䐟ส߫㔃ਾ⁑䟿䖳བྷˈ൘↔ᵏ䰤ਈᖒ䟿䖳ሿˈഐ↔䈳ᮤ㿲⍻仁⦷Ѫ߫55nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ㔃䱦⇥45ཙ㿲⍻а⅑ˈっᇊ߫㔃䱦⇥60ཙ㿲⍻а⅑ˈ⊹䱽ᶯ෻䇮ࡍᵏㅜањᴸ⇿䳄гཙ㿲⍻а⅑ˈᙫޡ㿲⍻ઘᵏᇊаᒤDŽ⊹䱽㿲⍻䟷⭘≤߶Ԛ᤹ഭᇦҼㅹ㋮ᇶ≤߶⍻䟿ᯩ⌅⍻䟿⊹䱽ᶯḷ儈ਈॆ˄ᶑԦн䏣ᰦ䟷⭘йㅹ≤߶⍻䟿ḷ߶˅DŽ⍻䟿㋮ᓖᤷḷྲл˗㺘6.2≤߶⍻䟿Ⲵѫ㾱ᢰᵟ㾱≲㿶㓯⿫≤߶ࡽਾ㿶㿶㓯䮯ࡽਾ㿶ൠ䶒ᴰ㿲⍻䰝ਸㅹ㓗Ԛර䐍ᐞ㍟ᓖ˄m˅䐍ᐞ˄m˅ሿ儈ᓖ⅑ᮠᐞਧ〟˄m˅˄m˅ᖰ䘄਴4LҼㅹDS1İ50mİ1.0mİ3.0mσ0.3mа⅑6.1.4᯳ᐛ਀㿸⎁⌞ᝅӁ亯˄1˅⊹䱽ᶯ൘㿲⍻ަ䰤ᗵ享䟷ਆᴹ᭸᧚ᯭ࣐ԕ؍ᣔˈ䱢→ᯭᐕ䖖䖶ǃ঻䐟ᵪㅹ⻠઼ᫎӪѪᦏൿDŽ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᶯаᰖ䚝ਇ⻠ᦏˈᓄ・ণ༽սᒦ༽⍻DŽ˄2˅㤕ᯭᐕঅս䳮ԕᨀ׋っᇊਟ䶐Ⲵ㿲⍻ส߶⛩ˈਟ䘹ᤙа⢒പⲴ⛩֌Ѫส߶⛩ˈѪᰕਾỰḕᡆᕅ⍻ᐕ֌ส߶⛩ѻ⭘ˈDŽ˄3˅ᯭᐕᆼᡀਾቭ䟿؍ᣔᐢ෻⊹䱽ᶯˈ䱢→ӪѪ⹤ൿDŽ⊹䱽㿲⍻ᰦˈᴰྭᴹуӪ䍏䍓䱽ᮠᦞⲴ㿲⍻ˈ⺞؍ሶӪѪഐ㍐ᕅ䎧Ⲵ䈟ᐞ䱽ࡠᴰվDŽ6.1.5㿸⎁㔉᷒56nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ㺘6.3⊹䱽㿲⍻ᮠᦞ㺘ᰕᵏ2010.2010.2010.2010.2010.2010.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.ẙਧ10.810.1510.2310.3011.1512.14.14.155.15.156.16.156.28K260+1001111100001111K260+100䐟㛙1123444677888K260+2000220023355555K260+2800111111334455䐟ส⊹䱽മ987˅6543mmᙫ⊹䱽䟿˄2102011.4.12011.5.12011.6.12010.10.82010.12.12011.4.152011.5.152011.6.152011.6.282010.10.152010.10.232010.10.302010.11.15ᰦ䰤˄ᒤ/ᴸ/ᰕ/˅K260+100K260+100䐟㛙260+200K260+280മ6.6䐟ส⊹䱽മ㺘5.4⊹䱽㿲⍻ᮠᦞ㺘200920092009200920102010201020102010201020102010201020102010201020102011201120112011ᰕᵏ2009201020112011.2011.11..11..12..12..01..04..04..5..05..06..06..07..07..08..09..10..10..03..04..05..06.1ẙਧ10.30.9.1.4.905.26.6.261430163113133011301430123016162172625111197+950024557777788810101010101012121212121313198+0500002355557788991010101113131313141414198+3400123581010101010111111111212121315151515161616䐟ส⊹䱽മ1716151413˅12mm11109876ᙫ⊹䱽䟿˄5432102010.9.12011.4.92010.1.132010.4.132010.4.302010.5.112010.5.302010.6.142010.6.302010.7.122010.7.302010.8.162010.9.162010.10.22011.3.262011.4.252011.5.112011.5.262011.6.112011.6.262009.10.302009.11.142009.11.302009.12.162009.12.312010.10.17ᰦ䰤˄ᒤ/ᴸ/ᰕ/˅K197+950K198+050K198+340മ6.7䐟ส⊹䱽മ57nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ1ǃ⭡Ҿປㆁ儈ᕪᓖ⡷⸣ˈ਼ᰦ䟷⭘◰ᥟ࣋ਟ䗮60TⲴᤆᔿᥟࣘ঻䐟ᵪᥟ঻ˈ䐟ส঻ᇎ᭸᷌䖳ྭDŽ2ǃ⡷⸣ቲ䎧ࡠ؍⑙᭸᷌ˈ߫൏สᓅ߫൏⋑ᴹ㶽ॆˈ㍟䇑⊹䱽䟿ሿDŽ6.2൦⑟㿸⎁6.2.1൦⑟㿸⎁ⲺⴤⲺૂᝅѿሂߧൠ४ޜ䐟ᐕ〻Ⲵ䘋㹼ˈሩ৏ᴹཙ❦߫൏ൠቲ⑙ᓖ൪ӗ⭏ᐘབྷᢠࣘˈቔަᱟ唁㢢⋕䶂䐟䶒Ⲵ䬪ㆁˈ䐟䶒ᕪ⛸੨᭦ཚ䱣✝䟿ᒦੁ䐟สлՐ䙂ˈᖃ䐟ส儈ᓖ䖳վᨀ׋Ⲵ✝䱫䖳ሿᰦˈ⭡䐟สՐޕཊᒤ߫൏ቲⲴ✝䟿ሶ䙀⑀㶽ॆཊᒤ߫൏ቲˈ߫൏ൠส᢯䖭࣋ሶᱮ㪇л䱽ˈդ䲿ӗ⭏Ⲵ䚃䐟⯵ᇣᴹ䐟ส㶽⊹ਈᖒˈ䐟䶒ᔰ㻲ㅹDŽ䙊䗷㿲⍻߫൏䐟สൠ⑙ˈ⺞ᇊ߫൏䐟สӪѪк䲀Ⲵਈॆᛵߥˈ֌Ѫ䇴ᇊ䈅傼䐟ᯩṸ⭘᭸᷌Ⲵ䇴ԧᤷḷˈਖаᯩ䶒ˈ࠶᷀ൠ⑙㿲⍻ᮠᦞሩᦼᨑዋ⣦߫൏ൠ⑙ਈॆ㿴ᖻާᴹ䟽㾱᜿ѹDŽ߫൏ൠ⑙㿲⍻⹄ウⴞⲴྲл˖˄1˅߫൏ཙ❦к䲀ԕ৺ӪѪк䲀Ⲵਈॆᛵߥ˗˄2˅XPS؍⑙ᶯሩ䐟ส⑙ᓖ൪Ⲵᖡ૽˗˄3˅⡷ඇ⸣䐟สሩ߫൏䐟ส⑙ᓖ൪Ⲵᖡ૽˗˄4˅ᦒປ䐟สሩ߫൏䐟ส⑙ᓖ൪Ⲵᖡ૽˗˄5˅唁㢢⋕䶂䐟䶒ሩ߫൏䐟ส⑙ᓖ൪Ⲵᖡ૽DŽ6.2.2൦⑟㿸⎁ޭ։޻ᇯ࠶᷀ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สӪѪк䲀ਈॆ㿴ᖻ䴰㾱䈖㓶Ⲵൠ⑙㿲⍻ᮠᦞˈӾ࠶᷀䴰㾱Ⲵ䀂ᓖˈൠ⑙㿲⍻䴰㾱⺞ᇊԕлࠐњᯩ䶒˖˄1˅⋯䐟ส␡ᓖᯩੁˈн਼␡ᓖ༴ൠ⑙٬ˈ䟽⛩㿲⍻߫൏ཙ❦к䲀䱴䘁⑙ᓖਈॆᛵߥ˗˄2˅XPS؍⑙ᶯ䐟ส߫൏䐟สൠ⑙㿲⍻˗˄3˅⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟ส߫൏䐟สൠ⑙㿲⍻˗˄4˅ᦒປ䐟ส߫൏䐟สൠ⑙㿲⍻˗6.2.3ዑ⣬߱ൕ䐥ะ⎁⑟ᆊᐹ䇴ᯯṾ⑙ᓖՐᝏಘⲴᐳ䇮ս㖞оᮠ䟿ᓄṩᦞн਼䐟⇥ൠ䍘ᶴ䙐ᛵߥǃ߫൏к䲀৺н਼䈅傼䐟ާփᯩṸ࠶࡛⺞ᇊDŽ⑙ᓖՐᝏಘⲴ෻䇮䟽⛩ޣ⌘߫൏к䲀䱴䘁ˈԕׯ㿲⍻߫൏䐟สӪѪк䲀ⲴਈॆᛵߥDŽ˄1˅XPS؍⑙ᶯ䈅傼䐟⑙ᓖՐᝏಘ෻䇮ᯩṸ58nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウປᯩ䐟⇥XPS؍⑙ᶯൠ⑙㿲⍻䐟⇥ẙਧ㤳തK197+900~K198+100ˈ᥆ᯩ䐟สK260+070-K260+360ˈ䈕ປᯩ䐟ส儈ᓖሿҾ2mˈሿҾ߫൏Ѥ⭼к䲀ˈ൘᳆ᆓ⭡Ҿ䐟ส✝䱫нཏˈཆ⭼བྷ≄✝䟿བྷ䟿䘋ޕ߫൏䐟สѝˈሬ㠤߫൏ቲ䙀⑀⎸㶽ˈ䐟ส᢯䖭࣋н䏣㘼ሬ㠤䐟สཡっDŽ䙊䗷൘䐟ส޵䬪䇮XPS؍⑙䳄✝ᶯˈᶕᕕ㺕⭡Ҿ䐟ส儈ᓖнཏǃ✝䱫վⲴ㕪⛩ˈ䙊䗷สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣ˈสᓅປㆁᶀᯉ൷रˈਟԕ䚯н൷र⊹䱽Ⲵਁ⭏DŽ䙊䗷㿲⍻XPS؍⑙ᶯ䐟ส߫൏ൠส⑙ᓖˈਟԕሩXPS؍⑙ᶯⲴ⭘᭸᷌ڊࠪ䇴ԧDŽ㔃ਸ䈅傼䐟ᯩṸ઼⧠൪ᇎ䱵ᛵߥˈXPS؍⑙ᶯ䐟สൠ⑙Րᝏಘᐳ䇮ᯩṸѫ㾱㘳㲁ԕлࠐњᯩ䶒˖₧є䐟⇥ڊสᓅᦒປ⡷⸣༴⨶ˈᦒປ␡ᓖ3mˈᦒປ␡ᓖᐢ㠣߫൏к䲀ԕлDŽ㘳㲁ࡠൠสᔰ᥆ԕ৺䐟สປㆁ䗷〻ሩ߫൏ቲⲴᢠࣘˈ亴䇑߫൏к䲀Պ൘ᔰ᥆3m␡ᓖⲴส⹰кл䱽ࡠ㓖3.5m༴DŽ←≄⑙ਈॆа㡜ሩൠ㺘ԕл5mԕ޵ൠ⑙ਈॆᖡ૽䖳Ѫᱮ㪇ˈ䎺ᖰ␡༴ˈൠ⑙ᒤਈॆᑵᓖ䎺ሿˈࡠൠл8m~10m༴ᰦˈൠ⑙ᒤਈॆᑵᓖᐢ㓿ᖸᗞሿˈ㘳㲁ࡠ䐟สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣༴⨶ᯩᔿˈ߫൏к䲀ᒤਈॆ㤳ത亴ՠ൘߫൏к䲀ԕл2m㤳തԕ޵ˈᓄ൘↔㤳ത޵䟽⛩ᐳ䇮⑙ᓖՐᝏಘDŽ㔬ਸ㘳㲁ԕкࠐ⛩ഐ㍐ˈXPS؍⑙ᶯ䐟ส⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ䇮ᯩṸྲл˖₧䐟ส⍻⑙ᆄ⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ㖞ᯩṸ˖䐟ѝᦒປ∋⸣л1.5㊣ˈ0.5㊣ˈXPSᶯкл਴а⛩ˈᦒປ∋⸣޵н䇮⑙ᓖՐᝏಘDŽ←൘K198+050ˈK260+300਴ᐳ䇮1њ⍻⑙ᆄDŽ5cm৊؍ᣔ⸲ՐᝏಘE25cm৊XPSᶯ5cm৊؍ᣔ⸲ՐᝏಘE1⸲⹮∋⸣ՐᝏಘE4ՐᝏಘE359nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ䐟䶒䐟ᒺ5cm؍ᣔ⸲൏ᐕᐳՐᝏಘF55cmXPSᶯ5cm؍ᣔ⸲ՐᝏಘF4䱢≤൏ᐕᐳ⡷⸣ՐᝏಘF3ՐᝏಘF2ՐᝏಘF1മ6.8K198+050৺K260+300XPSᶯ䐟ส⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ䇮ᯩṸ㺘6.5XPSᶯ䐟ส⍻⑙ᯝ䶒⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ䇮඀ḷՐᝏಘ㕆ਧE1E2E3E4෻䇮␡ᓖ㓥඀ḷ˄m˅XPSᶯлXPSᶯк-4.5㊣-3.5㊣˄2˅⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟ส䈅傼䐟⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ䇮ᯩṸ⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟ส䈅傼⇥ˈẙਧ㤳തK206+980~K207+120ˈ䈅傼⇥䮯ᓖ120mˈ䐟ส儈ᓖ2.34m~5.24mDŽ䈕⇥ൠ㺘⋬⌭࠶ᐳ㤲ⴋˈൠ㺘བྷ䟿〟≤ˈຄཤ㥹ਁ㛢㤲ⴋDŽ⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟สާᴹ¯ሂᆓ㫴ߧˈ᳆ᆓ䳄✝āⲴ֌⭘ˈ൘؍ᣔ߫൏ᯩ䶒ᴹ⵰〟ᶱ᜿ѹˈ൘ޜ䐟ᵚᶕ䮯ᵏ䘀㩕䗷〻ѝˈਟԕᒤ༽аᒤሶሂߧᆓ㢲ཆ⭼བྷ≄ѝߧ䟿䙀⑀ሬޕ߫൏ቲѝˈ䗮ࡠ؍ᤱ߫൏ቲっᇊⲴ֌⭘DŽѪҶ傼䇱⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส൘߫൏ൠ४Ⲵ⭘᭸᷌ˈ䙊䗷ᐳ䇮⑙ᓖՐᝏಘⴁ⍻߫൏䐟ส⑙ᓖਈॆᛵߥDŽ䈕⇥䐟ᐳ䇮1њ⍻⑙ᯝ䶒ˈẙਧ207+100ˈ䐟ѝᦒປ∋⸣л1.5㊣ˈ0.5㊣਴а⛩DŽ⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ䇮ᯩṸѫ㾱㘳㲁ԕлࠐ⛩˖₧䈕⇥߫൏ई᧒ᗇࡠ߫൏к䲀1.2~2.0mᐖਣˈṩᦞ䈅傼䐟ᯩṸˈ䈕⇥ڊสᓅᦒປ⡷⸣༴⨶ˈᦒປ␡ᓖ3mˈᦒປ␡ᓖᐢ㠣߫൏к䲀ԕлDŽ㘳㲁ࡠൠสᔰ᥆ԕ৺䐟สປㆁ䗷〻ሩ߫൏ቲⲴᢠࣘˈ亴䇑߫൏к䲀Պ൘ᔰ᥆3m␡ᓖⲴส⹰кл䱽ࡠ㓖3.5m༴DŽ←≄⑙ਈॆа㡜ሩൠ㺘ԕл5mԕ޵ൠ⑙ਈॆᖡ૽䖳Ѫᱮ㪇ˈ䎺ᖰ␡༴ˈൠ⑙ᒤਈॆᑵᓖ䎺ሿˈࡠൠл8m~10m༴ᰦˈൠ⑙ᒤਈॆᑵᓖᐢ㓿ᖸᗞሿDŽ㘳㲁60nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウࡠ䈅傼䐟สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣༴⨶ᯩᔿˈ߫൏к䲀ᒤਈॆ㤳ത亴ՠ൘߫൏к䲀ԕл2m㤳തԕ޵ˈᓄ൘↔㤳ത޵䟽⛩ᐳ䇮⑙ᓖՐᝏಘDŽ䐟ส⍻⑙ᆄ⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ㖞ᯩṸ˖䐟ѝᦒປ∋⸣л1.5㊣ˈ0.5㊣ˈ∋⸣ѝ䰤਴䇮ањ⑙ᓖՐᝏಘDŽ⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ䇮ᯩṸമྲл˖മ6.9⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส2#⍻⑙ᯝ䶒㺘6.6⡷ඇ⸣䐟ส⍻⑙ᯝ䶒⑙ᓖՐᝏಘᐳ䇮඀ḷՐᝏಘ㕆ਧD1D2෻䇮␡ᓖ㓥඀ḷ˄m˅-3.5-4.56.2.4⑟ᓜՖ᝕ಞก䇴ᯯ⌋䘹ᇊ⍻⑙ᆄս㖞ਾˈ䟷⭘᥆ᆄˈሶᝏ⑙᧒ཤ෻ޕ㿴ᇊ␡ᓖⲴ൏ѝˈሶ⍻⑙ሬ㓯᭦䳶൘䫒㇑޵ˈ❦ਾഎປˈቭਟ㜭ປᇶᇎˈа⇥ᰦ䰤ਾণਟ䘋㹼ൠ⑙㿲⍻DŽ61nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウമ5.11෻䇮⑙ᓖՐᝏಘമ5.12Րᝏಘ⍻䟿䜘࠶؍ᣔ6.2.5䈋僂䐥൦⑟⎁⑟৕⨼਀ᯯ⌋䈅傼䐟ൠ⑙⍻䟿䟷⭘✝᭿⭥䱫ˈ⍻⑙࡙⭘Ҷ✝᭿⭥䱫ሩ⑙ᓖ᭿ᝏᙗᶕ䘋㹼ⲴDŽ✝᭿⭥䱫ᱟѝվ⑙४ᴰᑨ⭘Ⲵа⿽⑙ᓖỰ⍻ಘDŽᆳⲴѫ㾱⢩⛩ᱟ⍻䟿㋮ᓖ儈ˈᙗ㜭っᇊDŽަѝ䫲⭥䱫Ⲵ⍻䟿㋮⺞ᓖᱟᴰ儈Ⲵˈᆳнӵᒯ⌋ᓄ⭘Ҿᐕъ⍻⑙ˈ㘼ф㻛ࡦᡀḷ߶Ⲵส߶ԚDŽ䫲⭥䱫൘ഭ޵ཆ䘀⭘ᢰᵟ∄䖳ᡀ⟏ˈ⍻䈅㋮⺞ᓖ䖳儈ˈԧṬ⴨ሩׯᇌˈഭ޵ޣҾ䫲⭥䱫⍻⑙ӗ૱ⲴаӋާփᢰᵟ৲ᮠྲл˖.⑙ᓖ㤳ത˖-20ć̚50ć.⍻䟿㋮ᓖ˖±0.2ć.⑙ᓖ࠶䗘⦷˖0.1ćԕк৲ᮠਟ┑䏣䈅傼䐟ൠ⑙㿲⍻㋮ᓖ䴰㾱DŽ6.2.6䈋僂䐥൦⑟㿸⎁仇⦽䟷⭘Ӫᐕ㿲⍻ˈ⇿ॺњᴸ㿲⍻а⅑ˈ࠶࡛Ѫ15ᰕǃ30ᰕˈ䈖㓶䇠ᖅ㿲⍻ᯝ䶒н਼␡ᓖ⑙ᓖ٬DŽ62nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウമ6.13⍻䈅⧠൪ᮠᦞമ6.14⍻䈅⧠൪ᮠᦞ6.2.7㿸⎁㔉᷒63nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ㺘6.7ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ൠ⑙㿲⍻䇠ᖅᯝ䶒˖k198+0502010.2010.2010.2010.2010.2010.2010.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.10.2210.2510.2911.1811.3012.1912.301.161.302.172.283.173.304.144.305.155.30XPSᶯл7.35.95.81.71.61.50.5-0.5-0.7-1-0.80-0.5-1.101.34.3XPSᶯк0.60.3-1.1-5.6-5.8-6-8.5-10-9.5-9-8.5-8-3.803.85.311.5∋⸣л1.5㊣2.12.41.91.31.31.40.90.30.30.40.40.50.30000∋⸣л0.5㊣3.53.33.12.11.81.510.50.50.60.70.80.60.30.20.20.2㔝㺘6.7ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ൠ⑙㿲⍻䇠ᖅ2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.6.156.307.157.308.158.319.159.3010.1511.2XPSᶯл4.8511.215.216.414.611.66.16.43.4XPSᶯк121314.21819.117.813.38.57.65.5∋⸣л1.5㊣00000.31.11.51.81.71.7∋⸣л0.5㊣0.50.20.10.31.11.51.82.12.22.164nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウൠ⑙㿲⍻22201816141210864⑙ᓖ˄ᩴ∿ᓖ˅20-2-4-6-8-10-122011.1.162011.1.302011.2.172011.2.282011.3.172011.3.302011.4.142011.4.302011.5.152011.5.302011.6.152011.6.302011.7.152011.7.302011.8.152011.8.312011.9.152011.9.302011.11.22010.10.222010.10.252010.10.292010.11.182010.11.302010.12.192010.12.302011.10.15ᰦ䰤˄ᒤ/ᴸ/ᰕ˅XPSᶯлXPSᶯкᦒປ∋⸣л1.5㊣ᦒປ∋⸣л0.5㊣മ6.15K198+050㿲⍻ᴢ㓯57nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ㺘6.8ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ൠ⑙㿲⍻䇠ᖅᯝ䶒˖K260+3002010.2010.2010.2010.2010.2010.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.10.2110.2410.3111.1512.112.1501.101.1502.102.1503.103.1504.104.15∋⸣ᓅ1.5㊣8.88.6875.65.1554210.61-0.5∋⸣ᓅ1.0㊣8.38.17.57.16554311110∋⸣ᓅ0.5㊣7.57.47.46.965434320.50.50.5XPSᶯл4.54.42.50.4-4.5-4.1-4-3-6-7-5-1-11.9XPSᶯк0.21.50.9-1.1-8-6-7-5-9-90335.1㔝㺘6.8ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ൠ⑙㿲⍻䇠ᖅ2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.2011.05.15.156.16.157.17.158.18.159.19.1510.110.1511.24∋⸣ᓅ1.5㊣-0.1-0.5-0.2000.511.21.21.31.31.20∋⸣ᓅ1.0㊣000.10.10.10.81.11.31.41.51.61.60.8∋⸣ᓅ0.5㊣0.40.20.10.40.50.91.51.8222.12.21.6XPSᶯл119.511.29.513.516.52220.619.212.610.42.8XPSᶯк4.13.510.913.310.916.219.523.220.819.312.4102.365nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ2422201816141210864⑙ᓖ˄ᩴ∿ᓖ˅20-2-4-6-8-102011.6.12011.7.12011.8.12011.9.12010.12.12011.01.12011.02.12011.03.12011.04.12011.05.12011.5.152011.6.152011.7.152011.8.152011.9.152011.10.12010.10.212010.10.242010.10.312010.11.152010.12.152011.01.152011.02.152011.03.152011.04.152011.10.152011.11.24ᰦ䰤˄ᒤ/ᴸ/ᰕ˅∋⸣ᓅ1.5㊣∋⸣ᓅ1.0㊣∋⸣ᓅ0.5㊣XPSᶯлXPSᶯкമ6.16K260+300㿲⍻ᴢ㓯66nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ㺘6.9ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ൠ⑙㿲⍻䇠ᖅᯝ䶒˖k207+1002010.10.2010.10.2010.10.2010.11.2010.11.2010.12.2010.12.2011.1.12011.1.32011.2.12011.2.22011.3.12011.3.32011.4.12011.4.22252918301930607870430∋⸣л1.51.61.61.61.11-0.5-1.1-1.5-1.2-1-1.1-1.2-0.60.10.1㊣∋⸣л0.52.32.22.11.41.21-0.1-0.5-0.4-0.3-0.3-0.200.10.1㊣㔝㺘6.9ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ൠ⑙㿲⍻䇠ᖅ2011.5.12011.5.32011.6.12011.6.32011.7.12011.7.32011.8.12011.8.32011.9.12011.9.32011.10.2011.11.5050505150152∋⸣л1.50.10.10.20.1000.30.71.11.31.31.2㊣∋⸣л0.50.10.10.20.10.10.30.81.21.522.11.7㊣67nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウ3210⑙ᓖ˄ᩴ∿ᓖ˅-1-22011.1.162011.1.302011.2.172011.2.282011.3.172011.3.302011.4.142011.4.302011.5.152011.5.302011.6.152011.6.302011.7.152011.7.302011.8.152011.8.312011.9.152011.9.302011.11.22010.10.222010.10.252010.10.292010.11.182010.11.302010.12.192010.12.302011.10.15ᰦ䰤˄ᒤ/ᴸ/ᰕ˅∋⸣л1.5㊣ᦒປ∋⸣л0.5㊣മ6.17K207+100㿲⍻ᴢ㓯68nㅜޝㄐዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻䈅傼⹄ウӾൠ⑙⍻䈅㔃᷌ᮤ⨶࠶᷀ˈᗇࠪ㔃䇪˖1ǃൠ⑙оབྷ≄⑙ᓖᴹᖸᕪⲴޣ㚄ᙗˈቔަ෻␡⍵༴䲿བྷ≄⑙ᓖ㘼ਈॆDŽ2ǃ10~3ᴸXPSᶯкⲴ⑙ᓖ∄XPSᶯл⑙ᓖվˈ4ᴸࡍᔰ࿻ᶯк⑙ᓖ∄ᶯлⲴ儈ˈަ৏ഐᱟXPSᶯк⑙ᓖ䲿⵰≄⑙䙀⑀ਈॆˈߜᆓ≄⑙Ѫ䍏٬ˈ4ᴸ≄⑙Ѫ↓⑙˗ᶯл⑙ᓖ൘10ᴸԭਈॆнབྷˈ10ᴸᓅ~11ᴸᓅ⑙ᓖ䙀⑀䱽վˈ12ᴸ~1ᴸԭᶯл⑙ᓖ僔❦л䱽ˈ䗮ࡠޘᒤᴰվ٬ˈ2ᴸԭᔰ࿻എॷˈնᱟᶯл⑙ᓖਈॆᑵᓖ∄ᶯк⑙ᓖⲴሿDŽ3ǃ൘XPSᶯклⲴൠ⑙ਇཙ≄ᖡ૽᰾ᱮˈ᥆ᯩ䐟ส∄ປᯩ䐟สᖡ૽བྷˈ൘3ᴸѝᰜ㠣4ᴸѝᰜᱟ⑙ᓖࠪ⧠Ӕ৹⛩DŽ4ǃ༿ᆓˈXPSᶯкл⑙ᓖ൘⴨ᐞ3ᓖᐖਣˈ䎧ࡠ䳄✝᭸᷌ˈ߿㕃䐟ส㶽⊹DŽ5ǃ䐟ส3㊣ԕл߫൏⑙ᓖਈॆнབྷˈㅜаᒤߜᆓ߫㔃ਾˈㅜҼᒤ༿ᆓ⑙ᓖॷ儈нབྷˈնᴹॷ儈䎻࣯ˈ䘈䴰㔗㔝㿲⍻ˈᙫ㔃߫൏⑙ᓖॷ儈㿴ᖻDŽ6ǃ䙊䗷ᮠᦞᡁԜਟԕⴻࠪˈ⡷⸣ቲሩ⑙ᓖਈॆ䎧Ҷ䖳བྷⲴᔦ㕃֌⭘ˈਟԕᔦ䘏ཙ≄ਈॆሩ߫൏⑙ᓖⲴᖡ૽ˈ∄ྲ䈕ൠ४а㡜Ӿ4ᴸԭ≄⑙ᔰ࿻എॷˈ㘼ൠ⑙Ⲵഎॷสᵜਟԕᔦ䘏ࡠ7ᴸԭ˗䈕ൠ४а㡜Ӿ9ᴸԭ≄⑙ᔰ࿻л䱽ˈ㘼ൠ⑙Ⲵл䱽สᵜਟԕᔦ䘏ࡠ11ᴸԭDŽ6.3ᵢㄖቅ㔉ᵜㄐ൘ሶঊ⢉儈䙏ޘ㓯ዋ⣦߫൏䐟⇥ᨀࠪҶᐕ〻༴⋫᧚ᯭˈ⴨ᓄⲴҏᨀࠪҶн਼ᯩṸⲴൠ⑙㿲⍻ᯩṸ઼⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯩṸDŽᵜㄐѫ㾱޵ᇩѪ˖˄1˅Ѫሩᇎ䱵⊹䱽᧗ࡦ䘋㹼傼䇱ˈࡦᇊҶዋ⣦߫൏䐟ส⊹䱽㿲⍻ᯩṸ৺ൠ⑙㿲⍻ᯩṸDŽ˄2˅䪸ሩ߫൏༴⨶䐟⇥䘋㹼⊹䱽㿲⍻ˈ⭡Ҿ߫൏⇥㩭䘋㹼Ҷ3㊣ᦒປ∋⸣ˈ⊹䱽䟿нབྷˈ߫൏⸝ᵏ⋑ᴹ㶽ॆˈ⋑ਁ⭏㶽⊹ˈ⊹䱽н᰾ᱮDŽ˄3˅ൠ⑙оབྷ≄⑙ᓖᴹᖸᕪⲴޣ㚄ᙗˈቔަ෻␡⍵༴䲿བྷ≄⑙ᓖ㘼ਈॆDŽ˄4˅䘹ᤙሂᆓ䘋㹼ᔰ᥆ˈ䚯䗷བྷ䶒〟а⅑ᙗᔰ᥆ˈᒦቭ䟿㕙⸝ᔰ᥆䶒᳤䵢ᰦ䰤ˈԕ䱢→ᕅ䎧✝㶽━๼DŽ˄5˅䇔ⵏڊྭ䐟สѤᰦᧂ≤ᐕ〻ˈ࠶ᮓᧂ≤о䳶ѝᧂ≤⴨㔃ਸˈ؍䇱ൠ㺘ᖴ⍱⭵䙊ˈ䚯൘䐟ส〟≤㘼ᖒᡀ✝㶽⍬ൠDŽ69nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウㅢйㄖ≊⌗␭ਾ䖱䍞ൕ༺⨼ዑ⣬߱ൕ䐥ะⲺᓊ⭞ᢶᵥ⹊ガ7.1ᕋ䀶≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏ᱟ䘁ᒤᶕᔰਁᓄ⭘Ⲵᯠරㆁ䐟ᶀᯉˈަ㓴ᡀᡀ࠶Ѫ൘৏ᯉ൏˄⸲ǃ㋈൏ǃᐕ〻ᓏᔳ൏˅ѝ᤹➗аᇊ∄␫࣐പॆࡲǃ≤઼≄⌑ˈ㓿࠶␧ਸᨵ᣼ਾᖒᡀDŽަѫ㾱⢩⛩ᱟᇩ䟽∄а㡜Ⲵ൏փሿˈᕪᓖ઼ᇩ䟽ਟԕ䈳ᮤˈ≄⌑Ⲵփ〟ਜ਼ᴹ⦷བྷˈሬ✝㌫ᮠሿˈ㙀䴷ǃ䳄✝ǃ䳄丣৺ᣇ߫㶽ᙗ㜭ྭˈׯҾᯭᐕㅹDŽᡁഭेᯩൠ४ߜᆓ≄ىሂߧˈ䚃䐟߫㛰㘫⍶оൠสⲴ㶽⊹ㅹ⯵ᇣケࠪˈሩҾ↔㊫䰞仈Ⲵ䱢⋫㲭ᴹཊ⿽ᢰᵟ᧚ᯭˈն൷ᴹаᇊⲴ䘲⭘ᙗоተ䲀ᙗDŽ䖫䍘൏൘䀓ߣ↔㊫䰞仈䗷〻ѝᨀ׋Ҷа⿽ᯠⲴᢰᵟ᡻⇥ˈሩᡁഭ儈ሂൠ४Ⲵޜ䐟ᔪ䇮ާᴹ〟ᶱ᜿ѹDŽ7.2דᢎᐛぁᾸ߫7.2.1ᐛぁㆶԁ׍ᢈᐕ〻ѪબՖ䍍ቄᐲߌᶁޜ䐟ṩ⋣㠣┑ᖂй㓗ޜ䐟᭩ᔪᐕ〻ˈࡇޕ2007-2008ᒤߌᶁ䙊ґޜ䐟ᐕ〻ᔪ䇮䇑ࡂˈޘ䮯259.685ޜ䟼ˈᾲ㇇ᙫᣅ䍴4.55ӯӪ≁ᐱDŽമ7.1ṩ⋣㠣┑ᖂޜ䐟ᯩսമ7.2.2ᢶᵥḽ߼ṩ┑й㓗䐟䎧⛩սҾṩ⋣ᐲेࠪਓˈ㓸⛩սҾ┑ᖂ䭷о═⋣৯Ӕ⭼༴70nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウ˄K0+000~K259+680˅DŽ䈕ޜ䐟䇮䇑䇑㇇㹼䖖䙏ᓖ30km/hˈৼ䖖䚃˗䐟สᇭ7.5㊣ˈ䐟䶒ᇭ6mˈẕằ49ᓗǃ⏥⍎408䚃DŽ䇮䇑䖖䖶㦧䖭˖ޜ䐟ę㓗DŽ7.2.3൦⨼փ㖤Ƚ൦䋂ṩ⋣㠣┑ᖂޜ䐟սҾ޵㫉ਔ㠚⋫४ьे䜘བྷޤᆹዝ㞩ൠѝ⇥ˈ኎བྷޤᆹዝᯠॾ༿䲶䎧ᑖ䜘࠶ǃ仍ቄਔ㓣䲶䎧ൠᑖ䗩㕈DŽӻҾь㓿121°50Ą50ą-122°27Ą30ąǃे㓜51°41Ą40ą-52°19Ą40ąѻ䰤ˈ⎧ᤄ700-1300㊣ˈ儈ᐞ䖳བྷDŽབྷޤᆹዝኡൠᶴᡀޘ㓯ൠ䊼ˈ⋯㓯ԕঐ⭘᷇ൠѪѫDŽ7.2.4≊ץṩ┑й㓗䐟⋯㓯኎ሂ⑙ᑖ⒯⏖ᙗ἞᷇≄ى≄仾ᆓᙗ䱶བྷᴹާˈى⢩ᖱDŽߜᆓ╛䮯ᒢߧˈᒤᰕ⑙ᐞབྷˈᴸᆓਈॆᱮ㪇DŽ᱕ᆓॷ⑙ᘛˈ⿻ᆓ䱽⑙ᙕˈ᱕⑙儈Ҿ⿻⑙DŽ༿ᆓ䱽≤䳶ѝǃᕪᓖབྷǃ⒯⏖߹⡭DŽᒤᒣ൷≄⑙-6.4ćˈᒤᒣ൷䱽䴘䟿435.5mmˈᰐ䵌ᵏ⸝DŽᴰབྷ߫␡Ѫ3.2㊣DŽᯭᐕᵏѪ5-9ᴸԭDŽ7.3≊⌗␭ਾ䖱䍞ൕᶺԬ਀䞃ਾ∊䇴䇗7.3.1≊⌗␭ਾ䖱䍞ൕᶆᯏ਀ެᓊ⭞Ᾰ߫≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏㌫ᤷ≤⌕˄പॆᶀᯉ˅ǃ≤о৏ᯉ൏˄⸲ᡆ⸲ᙗ൏ᡆվ⏢䲀൏˅᤹аᇊ∄࠶␧ਸᖒᡀ⍶փˈ❦ਾ޽оаᇊ∄Ⲵ䏣ཏ㓶ሿⲴっᇊ≄⌑㗔ˈ࠶␧ਸᨵ᣼ᖒᡀ⍱փˈᒦᴰ㓸ࠍപᡀරⲴа⿽䖫රປㆁᶀᯉDŽަѫ㾱⢩ᙗᱟᇩ䟽ሿǃ䳄✝؍⑙ǃާ⍱ࣘᙗǃപॆਾਟⴤ・ㅹDŽ䙊䗷ሩഭ޵ཆਁ⌑ᶀᯉⲴ㌫㔏䈳⹄ˈṩᦞ਴㊫ਁ⌑ᶀᯉⲴ⢩⛩ˈㆋ䘹ࠪҶ䘲⭘оᵜᐕ〻Ⲵ㳻ⲭ㊫ਁ⌑ࡲDŽ1987ᒤᰕᵜ⁚┘ᐲ޵Ⲵޜ䐟ẕ㔤؞ᐕ〻ѝˈ俆⅑ሩ⌑⋛␧ࠍ൏ࡦ֌ᐕ㢪䘋㹼Ҷ᭩䘋ˈᖒᡀ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏ˈᒦ俆⅑֌Ѫປᶀᯉᶕ⭘ˈᡰ⭘Ⲵਁ⌑ࡲѫ㾱ᴹ⭼䶒⍫ᙗ㊫ǃ㳻ⲭ㊫ǃṁ㜲㊫ㅹᶀᯉDŽㅜҼᒤˈ䘋㘼֌Ѫ䚃䐟ᐕ〻Ⲵປ൏ᶀᯉ⭘DŽ↔ਾަᓄ⭘㤳തнᯝᢙབྷˈਁኅ䙏ᓖॱ࠶䗵䙏ˈᒦࠪ⡸Ҷ⴨ޣⲴᢰᵟ㿴㤳DŽሶ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏Ⲵᓄ⭘ᕅޕ⢉⎧ޜ䐟ᐕ〻亩ⴞ䘋㹼、⹄⹄ウˈ൘ሂ४䚃䐟ѝⲴᓄ⭘⹄ウ㧧ᗇᡀ࣏DŽ7.3.2≊⌗␭ਾ䖱䍞ൕᇔ։人࡬㿺Ṳṩᦞlj≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏൘ሂ४䚃䐟ѝⲴᓄ⭘NJⲴᴹޣ⹄ウ㔃䇪˖൘ᵜ⹄ウ亩ⴞѝሶ䈕䱢㶽䳄✝ᶀᯉ㖞Ҿൠ㺘䶒ԕлⲴẕ⏥ส⹰ѝˈԕᯩׯ㻵䝽ǃᆹ㻵ǃ䘀䗃71nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウѪᶑԦˈṩᦞ䇑㇇Ⲵ䱢㶽䳄✝৊ᓖࡦᡀඇԦ⸼փDŽᵜ⹄ウ䈮仈䇮䇑亴ࡦඇѪ䮯×ᇭÜ儈=50×50×50ৈ㊣ᇎփ亴ࡦඇ֌Ѫሿẕ⏥ൠส઼ᑨ㿴ẕ⏥ส⹰ᶀᯉѻ䰤Ⲵ䳄✝䱢㶽ᶀᯉDŽ7.3.3≊⌗␭ਾ䖱䍞ൕ人࡬ᇔ։䞃ਾ∊#ᵜ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏䈅傼ᐕ〻䘹⭘Ⲵѫ㾱ᶀᯉᴹ:42.5Პ⹵≤⌕ǃਁ⌑ࡲ˄ᒯьߐ㋔ޜਨ⭏ӗ˅ǃ≤ˈ༷䘹ᶀᯉ(ើ≤ࡲǃ仾〟⸲)DŽ䖫䍘൏Ⲵᶀᯉ䝽ਸ∄䇮䇑ᱟѪҶ⺞؍䖫䍘൏Ⲵᕪᓖǃ৊ᓖоᇩ䟽DŽᶀᯉ䇮䇑Ⲵѫ㾱޵ᇩᱟสҾᖃൠⲴ≤⌕ḷਧǃสᓅ㾱≲ᕪᓖǃ൏䍘ㅹ⺞ᇊ≤⌕ǃ൏ǃਁ⌑ࡲǃ≤Ⲵ⭘䟿৺ޫ⭏ᰦ䰤ㅹDŽṩᦞᐢᴹⲴ⹄ウ㔃䇪˖䖫䍘൏Ⲵᶀᯉ䇮䇑ਇཊњഐ㍐Ⲵᖡ૽ˈަ㔃᷌ᱟањཊഐᆀ䀓ˈᒦнᆈ൘ањୟаⲴ⺞ᇊⲴ㔃᷌ˈᓄṩᦞᖃൠᇎ䱵ᛵߥ㓿ᇔ޵ཆ䈅傼ਾ⺞ᇊҶањਸ⨶Ⲵᯭᐕ䝽ਸ∄DŽṩᦞሩᯭᐕᖃൠⲴ৏ᶀᯉ䈳ḕ,ᯭᐕൠ༴᷇४,仾〟⸲〰ቁˈᲲн㘳㲁࣐⸲Ⲵ䝽ਸ∄DŽਁ⌑ࡲ䟷⭘⭡ᒯьߐ㋔䐟ẕᴹ䲀ޜਨ⭏ӗⲴਁ⌑ࡲDŽ亴ࡦඇ䝽ਸ∄ྲл㺘㺘7.1亴ࡦඇ䝽ਸ∄≤⌕≤≄⌑փ〟ើ≤ࡲ⸲3333(kg/m)(kg/m)ਜ਼ᴹ⦷(%)(kg/m)(kg/m)35024064.630.703ᵜ䝽ਸ∄䇮䇑ᕪᓖѪ0.5Mpaˈᇩ䟽Ѫ623kg/m72nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウമ7.2৏ᶀᯉ␧ਸᨵ᣼മ7.3亴ࡦඇ・⁑73nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウമ7.4亴ࡦඇᡀ૱7.4≊⌗␭ਾ䖱䍞ൕ൞ᐛぁѣⲺ䘆⭞਀ެ᭾᷒ⴇ⎁䖫䍘൏ᱟа⿽㢟ྭⲴ儈ሂ߫൏ൠ४䳄✝؍⑙ᶀᯉˈᵜ᮷ᡰ׍ᢈⲴᐕ〻ሶަᓄ⭘ࡠ߫൏ൠ४ሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠส⹰䘋㹼䳄✝؍⑙ǃ䱢→ൠส㶽⊹DŽ7.4.1≊⌗␭ਾ䖱䍞ൕ人࡬ඍᐹ䇴਀䍞䠅᧝࡬1ǃ䬪ㆁս㖞࡙⭘≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏䳄✝؍⑙Ⲵ⢩ᙗԕ৺ሿẕ⏥ส⹰┑䏣ᕪᓖ৺っᇊᙗⲴ࣋ᆖ㾱≲ˈ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇᇌ㖞Ҿൠ㺘л1̚1.5㊣Ⲵս㖞ˈᵜᐕ〻؍ᆸ䇮㖞Ҿ1.5̚2㊣༴DŽ2ǃ䖫䍘൏Ⲵ৊ᓖṩᦞ䖫䍘൏䳄✝᭸᷌㓖ѪᲞ䙊൏Ⲵ4̚5Ⲵ⹄ウ㔃䇪ˈ㘳㲁ඇփ࣋ᆖᕪᓖˈඇ৊䟷⭘50ৈ㊣ˈণ⴨ᖃҾ2̚2.5㊣൏৊Ⲵ䳄✝؍⑙᭸᷌DŽᵜ⹄ウ亩ⴞ䇮䇑ᰦ⺞ᇊ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ৊ᓖ50cmˈवᤜަк1.5㊣Ⲵ㾶ⴆ൏ˈ᭸᷌⴨ᖃҾ3.5̚4㊣Ⲵ؍⑙৊ᓖDŽ㿲⍻㔃᷌↔৊ᓖᆼޘ┑䏣䳄✝؍⑙᭸᷌DŽ3ǃ䖫䍘൏䬪䇮ᒣ䶒䗩⭼ṩᦞ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏䳄✝؍⑙⢩ᙗ઼ᖃൠ߫㶽␡ᓖ˄חੁ⨶䀓Ѫᇭᓖ˅ˈ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇᇌᇭࠪ␧ࠍ൏ส⹰䜘࠶1̚1.5㊣DŽᵜ⹄ウ؍ᆸ٬1.5㊣DŽ㘳㲁ሿẕ⏥ᓅߢࡧˈẕ⏥ᓅѪ┑䬪DŽ4ǃ䖫䍘൏Ⲵᕪᓖ74nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウ䇮ᇊ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ֌Ѫสᓅˈࡉ䇮䇑ᕪᓖ˄ᡆ䇨᢯䖭࣋˅ਟਆ0.4MPa̚0.5MPa,ᵜ亩ⴞਆ0.5MPaDŽ5ǃ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ亴ࡦ(1)ѕṬ᤹䝽ਸ∄䇮䇑㾱≲亴ࡦ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ(2)亴ࡦᰦ⧠൪ਆṧࡦ֌䈅Ԧ֌Ѫᰐח䲀ᣇ঻ᕪᓖⲴ䈅ṧˈԕࡔ࡛ަᕪᓖоᇩ䟽ᱟ੖䗮ࡠ䇮䇑ᤷḷ㾱≲ˈ⇿ཙᇩ䟽оᕪᓖ䈅ԦⲴỰ⍻ᮠ䟿ԕ3њѪᇌDŽ6ǃ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇᯭᐕ䍘䟿Ự⍻о᧗ࡦ(1)ѕṬ᧗ࡦᯭᐕᰦ䰤สඁᔰ᥆ᆼᡀਾṩᦞ≄⑙ቭᘛᆼᡀ亴ࡦඇᆹ㻵઼എປ˄वᤜח䶒എປнቁҾ20ৈ㊣৊⸲⹮˅ˈԕ⺞؍൘↔ᵏ䰤สᓅቭਟ㜭䚯㶽ॆDŽ(2)᧗ࡦ亴ࡦඇᆹ㻵䍘䟿亴ࡦඇᆹ㻵㾱ᒣᮤˈᆹ㻵㕍؍䇱൘5∛㊣ԕ޵DŽ(3)എປ൏㾱എປᇶᇎǃࡠս(4)ᯭᐕ䗷〻ѝ֌ྭᯭᐕ৺Ự⍻䇠ᖅ(5)֌ྭਾᵏൠ⑙䇑઼⊹䱽ḷⲴ㿲⍻ǃ䇠ᖅᐕ֌7.4.2≊⌗␭ਾ䖱䍞ൕ人࡬ඍ൞ቅẛδ⏫εໟਦะ⹶ѣ䳊✣ؓ⑟䈋僂਀ⴇ⎁ѪҶ傼䇱䖫䍘൏൘ሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠส⹰ѝⲴ䳄✝؍⑙᭸᷌ˈ൘ṩ┑㓯䘹ᤙK30+825༴1ᓗ4㊣ⴆᶯ֌Ѫᇎ傼⇥ˈ൘⏥ਠสᓅ䬪ㆁ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ䘋㹼䳄✝؍⑙ⴁ⍻ˈ䈅傼⇥Ⲵ䇮䇑ྲമ4.5ᡰ⽪DŽᐢ㓿ᐕ൪ॆ亴ࡦᆼᡀⲴ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ䳄✝ቲҾ2008ᒤ5ᴸ31ᰕᯭᐕᒦᖃᰕᆼᡀDŽ൘䳄✝ቲሩ䀂㓯кл䗩㕈ǃ1/4༴ᓅ䶒ᐳ䇮ൠ⑙䇑ˈԕ㿲⍻䖫䍘൏Ⲵ䳄✝؍⑙᭸᷌DŽަѝA1swsǃB1swsǃC1swsǃDswsǃEsws㖞Ҿ䳄✝ቲ亴ࡦඇᓅ䜘ˈA2swsǃB2swsǃC2sws㖞Ҿ䳄✝ቲ亴ࡦඇ亦䜘DŽᒦ䇮㖞⊹䱽㿲⍻DŽ㿲⍻ᰦ䰤2008ᒤ6ᴸ1ᰕ㠣2009ᒤ5ᴸ30ᰕˈ㿲⍻ᵏ1ᒤDŽ਴ൠ⑙䇑Ⲵⴁ⍻㔃᷌ࡇҾ㺘6.2ˈ⊹䱽㿲⍻ࡇҾ㺘7.3ˈമ7.6Ѫൠ⑙䇑ᐳ䇮മˈമ7.7о㺘7.2⴨ሩᓄDŽ75nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウമ7.5≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ䳄✝؍⑙ቲ⧠൪䈅傼⇥䬪ㆁ㔃ᶴമമ7.6ൠ⑙䇑⍻⑙ᐳ䇮䬪ㆁᐕ㢪˖1ǃ൘䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇᓅ䜘䬪䇮⸲⹮ෛቲᱟѪҶᴤྭⲴѪ䖫䍘൏䎧ࡠ᢮ᒣⲴ֌⭘DŽ2ǃ␧ࠍ൏⸲⍶ᱟ൘എປᑨ㿴൏ᰦ䎧ࡠ؍ᣔ䖫䍘൏઼ປ䖫䍘൏ඇ㕍䰤䳉Ⲵ֌⭘DŽ3ǃ䖫䍘൏䬪䇮ྭਾᓄቭᘛ⍷ㆁ␧ࠍ൏ᒦഎປส⹰,੖ࡉᓄ㾶ⴆ؍⑙DŽ76nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウമ7.7ṩ┑㓯ൠ⑙䇑ⴁ⍻㔃᷌മ6.7઼㺘6.2Ѫൠ⑙ⴁ⍻㔃᷌࠶᷀ˈ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇާᴹ㢟ྭⲴ䳄✝؍⑙᭸᷌˖㓿শҶаᒤⲴᴰ儈ᴰվ⑙ᆓ㢲ਾˈ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ䳄✝ቲлㄟ㿲⍻ᵏ⑙ᓖਈॆᑵᓖ൘0.9ćԕ޵ˈ㘼ф䲿⵰ᰦ䰤Ⲵ᧘〫䖫䍘൏лⲴ⑙ᓖਈॆᑵᓖᴤ䎻Ҿᒣ㕃ˈ⺞؍Ҷ߫൏ൠส⑙ᓖⲴっᇊˈ⎸߿ഐ⑙ᓖਈॆᕅ䎧Ⲵ൏Ⲵ߫㛰ᡆ㶽ॆDŽ䖫䍘൏кㄟⲴ⑙ᓖӾ䬪ㆁᆼᡀਾਈॆᑵᓖ㓖൘12.5ćԕ޵˄кㄟ⍻⑙Ԛ䇮㖞ս㖞൷սҾ䐟ส㾶ⴆ൏лˈ⑙ᐞਈॆнབྷDŽ㤕൘1.5㊣㾶ⴆ൏ᛵߥлˈަ⴨ሩᒤ⑙ᐞ㾱བྷDŽ˅DŽཆ⭼≄⑙൘29ć̚-31ćѻ䰤ਈॆˈ⑙ᐞѪ60ćDŽ㺘6.3Ѫ⊹䱽㿲⍻㔃᷌ˈ⊹䱽䟿䎻Ҿ0DŽ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ䳄✝ቲ䈅傼ⴆᶯ⏥Ҿ2009ᒤ10ᴸᆼᡀⴆᶯ⏥઼䐟䶒ᯭᐕᒦᔰ᭮Ӕ䙊ˈ㠣Ӻẕཤо䐟䶒䘎᧕ᒣᮤˈ⣦ߥ㢟ྭDŽ㺘7.2ṩ┑㓯ⴆᶯ⏥ส⹰ൠ⑙䇑ⴁ⍻㔃᷌(㺘ѝ⑙ᓖঅս൷Ѫć˅བྷ≄ⴁ⍻ᰦ䰤A1swsA2swsB1swsB2swsC1swsC2swsDswsEsws⑙ᓖ2008.6.1141.28.71.010.21.210.11.41.12008.6.8161.28.51.09.31.29.71.41.12008.6.17181.28.41.08.71.29.51.41.12008.6.25251.27.71.07.21.29.01.41.12008.7.3211.27.31.06.31.28.61,41.12008.7.10271.18.01.07.31.08.71.21.02008.7.17261.08.2o.97.90.98.91.31.02008.7.24281.28.31.16.41.08.71.11.077nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウ2008.7.31291.08.01.06.90.98.61.01.12008.8.72607.21.05.71.07.91.00.92008.8.14220.56.51.04.91.06.41.10.92008.8.21240.55.41.03.51.05.11.10.92008.8.28210.55.21.02.31.04.51.10.92008.9.4190.54.31.02.31.03.81.10.92008.9.11180.54.01.02.51.03.51.20.92008.9.18120.53.71.12.31.03.21.20.92008.9.2510.53.31.12.41.02.91.20.92008.10.500.52.71.01.81.00.721.10.92008.10.17-40.50.10.31.01.01.10.10.82008.11.5-130.40.10.31.01.00.9-0.20.82008.11.20-120.40.20.3o.80.80.8-0.20.72008.12.4-230.30.10.20.50.80.5-0.20.52009.1.6-300.5-2.30-1.80.9-0.9-0.30.82009.1.20-310.4-1.70-0.90.9-0.70.20.92009.2.4-250.5-1.70-0.80.9-0.50.20.72009.2.20-220.6-1.80.4-0.61.0-0.30.30.72009.3.5-200.5-10.5-0.810.20.40.72009.3.20-180.5-0.80.5-0.810.20.30.62009.4.1380.5-0.60.6-0.810.10.50.62009.4.30100.4-0.50.5-0.7110.50.72009.5.16150.5-0.60.51.01.10.90.50.82009.5.29170.4-0.50.6211.20.40.84030˅20C010˄0⑙ᓖ-10-202008.6.82008.8.72008.9.4-302008.6.252008.7.102008.7.242008.8.212008.9.182008.10.52008.11.52008.12.42009.1.202009.2.202009.3.202009.4.302009.5.29-40ⴁ⍻ᰦ䰤˄D˅བྷ≄A1swsA2swsB1swsB2swsC1swsC2swsDswsEswsമ7.8ṩ┑㓯ⴆᶯ⏥ส⹰ൠ⑙䇑ⴁ⍻㔃᷌മ78nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウ㺘7.3⊹䱽ⴁ⍻䇠ᖅᴰਾа⅑оㅜа⅑ⴁ⍻ᰦ䰤⇿⅑⍻䟿儈〻ᵜ⅑ок⅑⊹䱽ᐞ˄mm)ᐞ٬423.415423.41412008.6423.4140423.4140423.4140423.41402008.7423.4131423.4130423.4130423.41302008.8423.4130423.4130423.4130423.4130423.41302008.92423.4121423.4120423.4120423.41202008.10423.4120423.4120423.4153423.41502008.11423.4150423.4150423.4150423.41502008.12423.4150423.4150423.4150423.4152009.1423.4150423.4150423.4150423.41502009.2423.41502423.4150423.4150423.41502009.3423.4150423.415079nㅜ7ㄐ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏༴⨶ዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᓄ⭘ᢰᵟ⹄ウ423.4150423.41412009.4423.4131423.4130423.4130423.41302009.5423.4130423.41307.5ᵢㄖቅ㔉ᵜㄐ㔃ਸબՖ䍍ቄᐲߌᶁޜ䐟ṩ⋣㠣┑ᖂй㓗ޜ䐟᭩ᔪᐕ〻ӻ㓽Ҷ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏֌Ѫሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠส⹰䳄✝؍⑙ᶀᯉⲴ䇮䇑ᯭᐕᯩ⌅DŽᒦሩ䈕ᐕ〻ѝ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇⲴ䬪ㆁ㤳തǃ亴ࡦ৊ᓖǃᇭᓖǃᕪᓖਆ٬ԕ৺䖫䍘൏Ⲵਸ⨶䝽ਸ∄䘋㹼Ҷӻ㓽DŽṩᦞᐕਾ⊹䱽ԕ৺ൠ⑙ਈॆˈ᰾⺞Ҷ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ⭘Ҿሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠ߫൏ൠส䳄✝؍⑙ቲⲴ䳄✝؍⑙᭸᷌DŽᒦሩ䖫䍘൏⭘֌ሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠส⹰䳄✝ቲᯭᐕ⌘᜿һ亩ǃ䍘䟿᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭㅹ䘋㹼Ҷӻ㓽DŽ80nㅜޛㄐ㔃䇪оኅᵋㅢޡㄖ㔉䇰фኋᵑሩҾዋ⣦߫൏䐟สˈഐᯭᐕᢠࣘˈਟ㜭≨ѵᙗ߫൏䙀⑀㶽ॆˈӾ㘼ӗ⭏䐟สⲴᐞᔲᙗ⊹䱽ˈѪ؍䇱ޜ䐟䐟สⲴっᇊᙗˈ൘ዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४ᓄ䟷ਆ⢩↺Ⲵㆁ䐟ᢰᵟᐕ㢪DŽᵜ᮷䙊䗷ঊ⢉儈䙏ޜ䐟ԕ৺બՖ䍍ቄൠ४Ⲵаᶑй㓗ޜ䐟ᔪ䇮Ѫᐕ〻Ṹˈ࠶࡛⹄ウҶዋ⣦߫൏䐟สⲴᯭᐕᐕ㢪ᢰᵟˈᨀࠪҶ༴⨶߫൏䐟ส䇮䇑ᯭᐕⲴᯠᢰᵟ≄⌑䖫䍘൏䳄✝ᢰᵟˈᒦ䙊䗷ਾᵏⲴⴁ᧗㿲⍻ˈሩዋ⣦߫൏Ⲵ䐟ส༴⨶᭸᷌䘋㹼Ҷ傼䇱DŽᵜ᮷⹄ウˈ㔃ਸᐕ〻ᇎ䱵ṸˈࡇѮҶн਼ൠ䍘ǃ⧟ຳ⢩⛩лⲴ߫൏䐟สᯭᐕᢰᵟᐕ⌅ˈᒦṩᦞᐕ〻ᇎ䱵ᛵߥˈᨀࠪԕл߫൏䐟ส؞ᔪⲴᔪ䇞ᯩṸ˖1ǃሩҾ؍ᣔ䐟⇥ˈᔪ䇞䟷⭘¯สᓅᦒປ⡷⸣+൏ᐕṬḵ+XPS؍⑙䳄✝ᶯ༴⨶߫൏āᯩṸDŽ2ǃሩҾн㜭؍ᣔ䐟⇥ˈᔪ䇞䟷⭘¯ᕪཟ㖞ᦒ⺾⸣+൏ᐕṬḵāǃ¯⡷ඇ⸣䙊仾䐟ส+൏ᐕṬḵāᯩṸDŽ3ǃሩҾ⹤ൿ߫൏䐟⇥ˈᔪ䇞䟷⭘¯ᦒປ∋⸣+൏ᐕṬḵāᯩṸ䪸ሩ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏䘉⿽ᯠරᶀᯉˈᵜ᮷ڊҶԕлᐕ֌઼㔃䇪˖₧䱀䘠Ҷ≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏֌Ѫሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠส⹰䳄✝؍⑙ᶀᯉⲴ䇮䇑ᯭᐕᯩ⌅DŽ←䙊䗷ሩԕᖰ、⹄ᡀ᷌Ⲵ࠶઼᷀ᙫ㔃ˈ᰾⺞Ҷ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ䬪ㆁ㤳തǃ亴ࡦ৊ᓖǃᇭᓖǃᕪᓖਆ٬ㅹDŽᒦሩ䖫䍘൏Ⲵ䝽ਸ∄䘋㹼Ҷ䇮䇑DŽ↑᰾⺞Ҷሶ䖫䍘൏亴ࡦඇ⭘Ҿሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠ߫൏ൠส䳄✝؍⑙ቲⲴ䳄✝؍⑙᭸᷌DŽĺṩᦞᇎ䱵ᯭᐕⲴ㓿傼ᙫ㔃ࠪҶ䖫䍘൏⭘֌ሿẕ˄⏥˅໙ਠส⹰䳄✝ቲⲴᯭᐕ⌘᜿һ亩ǃ䍘䟿᧗ࡦ᧚ᯭㅹDŽᵜ᮷֌㘵ṩᦞཊᒤⲴ޵㫉ਔ㠚⋫४ᇎ䱵⧠൪ᯭᐕᐕ֌㓿傼ˈሩ䈕ൠ४ຳ޵߫൏䐟สⲴᴹ᭸༴⋫᧚ᯭ䘋㹼Ҷ᮷ѝⲴӻ㓽઼ᙫ㔃ˈնᱟഐൠ⨳≄ىˈൠ䍘⣦ߥⲴᐞᔲԕ৺ަԆᇒ㿲ഐ㍐Ⲵᖡ૽ˈ਴⿽ᐕ㢪ԕ৺᧚ᯭᡰ㜭ਆᗇⲴᇎ䱵᭸᷌਴ᴹᐞᔲˈѪҶ䀓ߣ䘉Ӌ䰞仈ˈᐕ〻ᢰᵟӪઈሶ㔗㔝ԕᇎ䱵ᐕ〻Ѫ䖭փሩ䘲⭘ᙗ઼᭸᷌ءⲴᯭᐕᐕ㢪䘋㹼᪨㍒઼ᙫ㔃81n৲㘳᮷⥞৸㘹ᮽ⥤[1]ઘᒬ੮,䜝ьؑㅹ.ѝഭ߫൏[M].、ᆖࠪ⡸⽮.2000,157-360[2]ᵾ≨᱕,劬⎧哏,䀓ᆿՏ.䶂㯿䫱䐟ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ⇥Ⲵൠ䍘⧟ຳ઼ᐕ〻ൠ䍘䰞仈.≤᮷ൠ䍘ᐕ〻ൠ䍘.2002ˈ(1)˖45-48[3]৏ௌᘐ.བྷޤᆹዝे䜘ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䐟ส⊹䲧⹄ウ.ߠᐍ߫൏.1999,21(2):155-158[4]㜑䮯亪,ᴩьՏ.ཊᒤ߫൏४䐟ส㶽⊹ਈᖒⲴ䱴࣐ᓄ࣋࠶᷀.䟽ᒶӔ䙊ᆖ䲒ᆖᣕ.2001,20(2):58-61[5]੤㍛⊚,〻ഭḻ,ᵡ᷇ᾐ,ࡈ≨Ც.߫൏䐟สᐕ〻[M].ޠᐎབྷᆖࠪ⡸⽮.1998[6]哴ሿ䬝.ᡁഭሂ४䚃䐟ᐕ〻ѝ߫൏䰞仈⹄ウⲴഎ亮.ߠᐍ߫൏.1999ˈ10(3):213-217[7]〻ഭḻ,օᒣ.ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४㓯ᙗᐕ〻ᔪ䇮[J].ߠᐍ߫൏,2001,23(3):213-217[8]ᡤ䲶ਹ,ᶘᯠॾ.ѕሂൠ४䐟สสᒺ⯵ᇣ৏ഐ࠶᷀.䫱䚃ईሏ.2004ˈ6:69-74[9]˄JTGF10—2006˅.ޜ䐟䐟สᯭᐕᢰᵟ㿴㤳[S].ेӜ:Ӫ≁Ӕ䙊ࠪ⡸⽮,[10]㣿㚄、ᆖ䲒㾯՟࡙ӊ࠶䲒߫൏⹄ウᡰ.Პ䙊߫൏ᆖ(䜝ьؑ,ࡈ䫱㢟ㅹ䈁)[M].ेӜ:、ᆖࠪ⡸⽮,1988[11]˄GB50324-2001˅߫൏ᐕ〻ൠ䍘ईሏ㿴㤳ेӜ:Ӫ≁Ӕ䙊ࠪ⡸⽮[12]ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒ൠ⨶⹄ウᡰߠᐍ߫൏ᇔ.䶂㯿ޜ䐟⋯㓯߫൏㘳ሏ䇪᮷䳶[C].ेӜ:、ᆖࠪ⡸⽮,1965.[13]Ӕ䙊䜘ㅜаޜ䐟ईሏ䇮䇑䲒.儈৏ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟؞ㆁᢰᵟ⹄ウ[R].㾯ᆹ:Ӕ䙊䜘ㅜаޜ䐟ईሏ䇮䇑䲒,1999.[14]੤㍛⊚,傜ᏽ.߫൏ᕪᓖо㹅ਈ[M].ޠᐎབྷᆖࠪ⡸⽮,1994.[15]ᗧᗧӰ、.ᓄ⭘㚊ਸᶀᯉ⎸䲔൏䍘䐟สߧ⭏ਈᖒ(ㄕ՟㢟䈁)[A].[16]ཊᒤ߫൏४Ӕ䙊ᔪ䇮઼⧟؍Ⲵᐕ〻߫൏䈁᮷[C].ޠᐎ:ѝഭ、ᆖ䲒ሂ४ᰡ४⧟ຳоᐕ〻⹄ウᡰ,2001,7-14.[17]⊚ৼᶠ,哴ᲃ᰾.儈৏ཊᒤ߫൏४ޜ䐟䐟สっᇊ৺亴⍻ᢰᵟ⹄ウ[D].ইӜ:ьইབྷᆖӔ䙊ᆖ䲒,2009.[18]ᵡ᷇ㅹ.߫൏Ⲵ㶽ॆл⊹.ѝഭൠ⨶ᆖՊߠᐍ߫൏ᆖᵟՊ䇞䇪᮷䘹䳶(߫൏ᆖ),1982,145-150.[19]〻ᚙ䘌,ဌ⍚Ѯ.ᆓ㢲߫൏ൠสⲴ㶽⊹.ㅜйቺޘഭ߫൏ᆖᵟՊ䇞䇪᮷䘹䳶,1989,242-24.[20]ᗀᆖ⾆,⦻ᇦ▴,ᕐ・ᯠ.߫൏⢙⨶ᆖ.ेӜ:、ᆖࠪ⡸⽮,2001.[21]䱸ᘐᒣ,⦻ṁ᷇.≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘൏৺ަᓄ⭘[J].ѝཆޜ䐟.2003,23(5):117ˉ120.[22]亮⅒䗮,亮⟉,⭣⠅ㅹ.ਁ⌑仇㋂䖫䍘൏ᶀᯉⲴสᵜᙗ䍘[J].㣿ᐎ、ᢰᆖ䲒ᆖᣕ(ᐕ〻ᢰᵟ⡸),2003,16(4):4448.[23]ᕐᘇ,ᵡՏ,လࠔ⧢.≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䟿൏ࡦ֌ᯩ⌅Ⲵ䈅傼⹄ウ[J].ൠ䍘оई82n৲㘳᮷⥞᧒,2003,39(໎࠺):38-41.[24]ᕐ䚃ᇭ.൏ᐕ㓷⢙࣐ᕪ䖟൏䐟สⲴ⹄ウ[D].ेӜ:䫱䚃⹄ウ䲒,1987.[25]ཙ⍕བྷᆖ.൏࣋ᆖоൠส[M].ेӜ:Ӫ≁Ӕ䙊ࠪ⡸⽮,1985.[26]੤㍛⊚.儈৏ཊᒤ߫൏४ൠ⑙ᴢ㓯Ⲵสᵜ㊫ර৺ᐕ〻ᓄ⭘ൠ⑙৲ᮠⲴ䇑㇇ᯩ⌅[C],䶂㯿߫൏⹄ウ䇪᮷䳶,ेӜ:、ᆖࠪ⡸⽮,1983.[27]⊚ৼᶠˈ䱸ഭ䶆.ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟؞ᔪᢰᵟ[M].ेӜ:Ӫ≁Ӕ䙊ࠪ⡸⽮,2008.[28]ㄐ䠁䪺ˈ䴽᰾ˈ䱸ᔪޥ.ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४ޜ䐟䐟สっᇊᙗᢰᵟ䰞仈оሩㆆ[M]ेӜ:Ӫ≁Ӕ䙊ࠪ⡸⽮,2008.[29]⭠ᗧᔧˈᡤᜐ≁.䚃䐟ẕằ߫ᇣ৺ަ䱢⋫[M].ेӜ:Ӫ≁Ӕ䙊ࠪ⡸⽮,1987.[30]ਹ᷇ⴱӔ䙊঵.ޜ䐟ᐕ〻ᣇ߫䇮䇑оᯭᐕᢰᵟᤷই[M].ेӜ:Ӫ≁Ӕ䙊ࠪ⡸⽮,2006.[31]䱸ᘐᒣ,⦻ṁ᷇,䛃⊏.≄⌑␧ਸ䖫䍘ປ൏ᯠᢰᵟ[M].ेӜ:Ӫ≁Ӕ䙊ࠪ⡸⽮,2004.[32]傜・ጠ,ࡈᔪඔ,ᵾᒶ↖.ᰒᴹьे䫱䐟ཊᒤ߫൏४䐟ส⯵ᇣᮤ⋫᭸᷌⹄ウ[J].ዙ൏ᐕ〻ᆖᣕ,2009,31(3)[33]੤䶂᷿,ࡈ≨Ც,ᯭᮼ,ᕐᔪ᰾,ㄕ䮯⊏.䶂㯿ޜ䐟ཊᒤ߫൏४߫൏ᐕ〻⹄ウᯠ䘋ኅ[J].ᐕ〻ൠ䍘ᆖᣕ,2002,10(1):55-61[34]ᴩഭᆹ,䛡ᰪӞ,㪻≨࡙,ᆉ᰾╣.⢉᷇㓯ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䐟สл⊹ᵪ⨶৺ᮤ⋫⹄ウ.䐟สᐕ〻.1996,(5):40-42[35]⦻䘹ԃ,⦻ӊߋㅹ.ዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䐟ส䐟䶒っᇊᙗ⹄ウ[R].䮯ᆹབྷᆖ,2001[36]ןᴉ,ẁ䗠,哴ᲃ᰾.ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४⋕䶂䐟䶒㔃ᶴ૽ᓄ࠶᷀[J].ইӜᐕъབྷᆖᆖᣕ,2006,28(6):47-51[37]⦻䘹ԃ,⦻⠅ᒣ,⦻⿹㓢.ޜ䐟䐟๔㔃ᶴਟ䶐ᙗ䇮䇑ᯩ⌅⹄ウ[J].ѝഭޜ䐟ᆖᣕ,1997,10(3):6-12[38]ᶘᲃ᰾˄ሬᐸ⦻䘹ԃᮉᦸ˅.ዋ⣦ཊᒤ߫൏ൠ४䐟ส䐟䶒っᇊᙗ⹄ウ[D].䮯ᆹབྷᆖ,2001.[39]〻ഭḻ,ᆉᘇᘐ,⢋ᇼ׺.“ߧত䐟สāᯩ⌅൘䶂㯿䫱䐟кⲴᓄ⭘[J].ߠᐍ߫൏,2006,28(6):[40]ᵾᆱ,兿ᒶᵍ,兿䶉.䶂㯿䫱䐟⡷⸣≄ߧ䐟สᐕ〻䈅傼⹄ウ[J].ߠᐍ߫൏,2005,27(5)[41]⦻䘹ԃㅹ.ኡ४儈䙏ޜ䐟ᐞᔲ⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウ[R].䮯ᆹབྷᆖ,2009.[42]⦻䘹ԃㅹ.ᆹᯠ儈䙏ޜ䐟ᤃᇭᐕ〻䱽վᐞᔲ⊹䱽ᢰᵟ⹄ウ[R].䮯ᆹབྷᆖ,2006.83nਁ㺘䇪᮷઼৲࣐、⹄ᛵߥ䈤᰾ਇ㺞䇰ᮽૂ৸ࣖ〇⹊᛻߫䈪᱄⺋༡ᵕ䰪ਇ㺞䇰ᮽφ1ǃᕐ⦹ᕪˈࡈភ䚀ޜ䐟ᐕ〻ᤋ䇴ḷѝ䍒࣑䇴ᇑ৺᧚ᯭˈӔ䙊、ᢰо㓿⍾ˈ2009.5DŽ৲оⲴ、⹄亩ⴞ˖1.儈ሂ⒯ൠޜ䐟䖟ส༴⨶ᢰᵟ⹄ウˈ޵㫉ਔӔ䙊঵、⹄亩ⴞˈ2006̚2010ˈ㧧ᗇ޵㫉ਔ、ᢰ䘋↕йㅹ྆ˈ৲࣐⹄ウӪઈDŽ2.ᕪཟ໙༴⋫ޜ䐟䖟สᢰᵟ㿴〻ˈ޵㫉ਔ㠚⋫४ൠᯩᔪ䇮ḷ߶ˈ2008̚2010ˈ৲࣐㕆߉ӪઈDŽ3ˊዋ⣦߫൏ൠ४䐟สᐞᔲ⊹䱽᧗ࡦᢰᵟ⹄ウˈ޵㫉ਔӔ䙊঵、⹄亩ⴞˈ2009̚2012ˈ৲࣐⹄ウӪઈDŽ4.ሂ४ޜ䐟䳗䚃㢲㜭оᆹޘⴁ᧗ᢰᵟ⹄ウˈ޵㫉ਔӔ䙊঵、⹄亩ⴞˈ2009̚2012ˈ৲࣐⹄ウӪઈDŽ84n㠤䉒㠪䉘俆ᝏ䉒ሬᐸб㓒ዙᮉᦸ൘ᵜӪᆖҐкⲴᚹᗳᤷሬ઼ᑞࣙDŽ൘ᆖҐᵏ䰤ˈሬᐸሩᡁᆖҐкⲴᤷሬ઼੟ਁˈᐕ֌кⲴ⨶䀓઼᭟ᤱˈᡁਇ⳺ग़⍵ˈ㓸⭏ਇ⭘ˈሬᐸ␺ঊⲴᆖ䇶ˈѕ䉘Ⲵ⋫ᆖ֌仾ˈ᭿䭀Ⲵ、ᆖ⍎ሏ࣋৺нᯝ᧒㍒઼ࡋᯠⲴ㋮⾎䜭␡␡Ⲵ啃㡎Ҷᡁˈᡁᴹнᯝࡽ䘋Ⲵ઼ࣘ࣋ؑᗳDŽᵜ䇪᮷Ⲵᐕ֌ᱟ൘ᡁⲴሬᐸб㓒ዙᮉᦸⲴᚹᗳᤷሬлᆼᡀⲴˈ٬↔䇪᮷ᆼᡀѻ䱵ˈ䉘ੁሺᮜⲴሬᐸ㠤ԕ㺧ᗳⲴ䉒᜿ʽ⦻䘹ԃᮉᦸ઼䎥␵ᒣᮉᦸ㓗儈ᐕሩҾᡁⲴ、⹄ᐕ֌઼䇪᮷䜭ᨀࠪҶ䇨ཊⲴᇍ䍥᜿㿱ˈ൘↔㺘⽪㺧ᗳⲴᝏ䉒DŽ⦻㣣ঊ༛ǃ㺱ำ⺅༛ሩᡁ、⹄ᐕ֌઼䇪᮷㔉ҸҶᤷሬˈ൘↔аᒦ㺘⽪㺧ᗳᝏ䉒DŽᝏ䉒ᇦӪሩᡁⲴ⨶䀓઼᭟ᤱˈᡁ㜭ཏ൘ᆖṑуᗳᆼᡀᡁⲴᆖъʽᝏ䉒ᡰᴹ㔉Ҹᡁ᭟ᤱǃᑞࣙⲴ㘱ᐸǃ਼һ઼ᴻ৻ˈᒦᝏ䉒䇴䰵ᵜ᮷઼ࠪᑝ䇪᮷ㆄ䗙Ⲵ਴սуᇦǃᮉᦸʽ85