中职英语基础模块下册 65页

词汇学习 blooket 小册子 residence blooket 户口本 brief 简略的，摘要 briefly 简略地 introduction 介绍 introduce v. 介绍 pick v. 摘取 n. 选择 =choose pick up 搭载，开车接某人 词汇学习 famous 著名的 =noted/outstanding be famous for 因 ...... 而著名 wonder vt. 想知道 =want to know she wondered how to do it. located 位于 locator 定位器 be located in 坐落于 ...... period 时期 时间段 periodcally adv. 定期地 protect v. 保护 protection n. 保护 protective adj. 保护的 unify 使统一 unification n. 统一 link v. 连接 n. 失联，关系 extend a house 扩建房子 population 人口 =people carry out 执行 total = the whole amount 总数 ，总计 Natural heritage 自然遗产 construction site 建筑工地 alarming 使人惊动的 alarm n. 惊恐 =frighten alarm system 警报系统 No smoking 禁止吸烟 excitement n. 兴奋 capitalism 资本主义 In the history 历史上的 squarelly adv. 公正地，干脆地 traffic regulation 交通规则 seem,appear,look 看来好像，似乎 phrase( 词组） pick up be famous for... be located in... by hand... such as... and so on... leading in Do you like travel? What is travel? Why do people want to travel? 7 Unit 1 Travel The Great Wall It was rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty 11 01 Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province 02 The west end of the Great Wall “The Old Dragon Head” The east end of the Great Wall 14 Shanghaiguan Pass “The First Pass under Heaven” 15 A beacon tower Reading:The Great Wall the Great Wall 长城 The Great Wall is one of the world's most famous wonders. It is located in the north of China. 长城是世界最著名的奇迹之一，它位于中国的北部。 Analysis 课文分析 Locate: v( 常用于被动语态） be located... 将（某物）设置在某处；使坐落于 “ 位于 ......”“ 坐落于 .....” Eg:1. 新厂拟建于此。 A new factory is to be located here. 2. 咨询在市中心。 The information office is located in the city centre . one of ...+ 名词复数 ........... 之一 Building of the Great Wall first began during the Warring States Period (476-221BC).T he walls were built to protect these states. 长城的修建最初始于战国时期。这些城墙的修建是为了保护他们的国家。 The Warring States Period 战国时期 were built 是过去时态的被动语态 该句的主动形式是： The built the walls to protect these states. The walls were built to protect these states( by them ). A young lady looked after my baby at home. My baby was looked after at home (by a young lady) 拓展学习 Protect 保护，防御，常与 from 或 against 连用，构成句型： Protect ...from/against 保护 ...... 以防 ...... You need warm clothes to protect you from the cold. 你需要暖和的衣服来御寒。 The girl is wearing the sun glasses to protect her eyes from the sunlight. 那个女孩戴着太阳镜保护眼睛以防阳光。 In 221 BC, the first Emperor of the Qin Dynasty unified China and decided to have the walls linked and extended. 公元前 221 年，秦始皇统一中国，他决定把这些城墙连接起来并使其伸展延长。 分析 该句中的 have 是使役动词，意思是 “ 使、让 ” have sth.done 使某事被做（强调动作由别人完成） He has had his hair cut. 他理发了。 He decided to go on Monday. 他决定星期一走。 We must decide which one to buy. 我们一定要定下来究竟买哪一个。 decided to do sth. 决定做某事 （ decision n. 决定，决心，决议） decide+ 疑问词 +to do It is said that about 1 million people, one fifth of China's population at the time , were forced to build the Wall. 据说， 大约一百万人占当时的总人口的五分之一， 被迫 去修建长城。 分析 绿色 两部分同位语关系。 It is /was said... 据说 ...... be forced to do sth. 被迫做 ...... 主动语态为： force sb to do sth. at the time 在当时 It took them more than ten years to build it under terrible conditions. 人们在恶劣的条件下花了十多年的时间修建长城 。 分析 句中的 It 用作形式主语，真正的是不定式短语 to build it under terrible conditions. 句型： It takes/took sb.time/money to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间 / 钱 eg.It will take us three days to finish the job.(How long) 完成这项工作将需要我们三天的时间。 It took him ￥20 to buy the book.(How much) 买这本书花了他 20 元人民币 。 拓展学习 spend,cost,take,pay 的用法区别 1.Sb.spends..on sth. 3.Sth.cost sb.money/health/time 5.Sb. pays(sb.) money for sth. 某人花了 ...... 去做某事 2.Sb.spends..(in)doing sth. 4.It takes sb...to do sth. 买那本书花了他二美元。 He ______ two dollars _____ the book. He spent two dollars ____________ the book. The book _______ him two dollars. It _______ him two dollars _____ buy the book. He _______ two dollars ______ the book. spent on (in) buying cost took to paid for paid spent on for They had to carry all the stones,bricks and lime up to the top of mountains by hand. 人们必须用手工把所有的石头、墙砖、和石灰搬运到山顶上。 The bricks and stones which were used to build the Wall is believed to be enough to build a wall five meters high and one meter thick around the earth. 据说用来建造长城的砖石足够建一条五米高、一米厚围墙环绕整个地球。 1.be believed to 据认为 / 据说 / 据相信 她被认为是美国最长寿的人 。 She is bieved to be the oldest living person in America. 2.be enough to 足够做 我完成作业两个小时时间足够了 。 Two hours is enough to finish my homework. 数量 + 形容词（ long,wide,high...) 表示某物的尺寸 e.g.The box is 4 feet long. 这个箱子四英尺长。 The door is two meters high a nd meters wide. 这扇门高 2 米，宽 1.5 米。 The Great Wall which we can see now was rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty in the 16th century. 我们现在看到的长城建于 16 世纪的明朝。 It extends from Shanhaiguan Pass, on the coast of Bohai Bay, to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province. 它从渤海湾岸边的山海关，延伸到甘肃省的嘉峪关。 extend ( 时间、空间的）延长，延伸 This road extends to the airport. 这条路一直延伸到飞机场。 We extended the meeting another 20 minutes. 我们将会议延长了 20 分钟。 extend from...to... 从 ...... 延伸到 ...... It's more than 6,700 kilometers long. 它的总长是 6,700 多公里。 The Great Wall is one of the great creations of the ancient Chinese people. 长城是古代中国人民的伟大创举之一。 Thoands of travelers from all parts of the world come to visit the Great Wall every year. 每年都有成千上万来自世界各地的游客来参观长城。 thoudsands of 数千的 / 成千上万的 hundreds of 数百的 / 成百上千的 millions of 数以百万计的 tens of thousands of 数以万计的 hundreds of thousands of 数十万的 In 1987 it was listed by the UNESCO as a world Heritage Site. 1987 年，长城被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。 1.be listed 被列为 ...... ，被登录在 ...... My name is not listed in the telephone directory. 我的名字没有登录在电话薄上。 2.as 是介词， “ 作为 ......” Please treat him as a friend. 请把他当朋友对待。 12. Look, on the top of the mountain is the Great Wall. 句中的 on the top of the mountain 不是句子 的主语，本句为 倒装句结构 ，它的正常语序应是： The Great Wall is on the top of the mountain. 倒装结构主语起 强调 作用。 On the tree is a beautiful green bird. 树上有一只漂亮的、绿色的鸟。 词汇应用 magnificent 壮丽的 ; 宏伟的 ; 值得赞扬的 She looked magnificent in her wedding dress. 她穿着婚纱，看上去漂亮极了。 You've all done a magnificent job. 你们活儿干得很出色。 In ancient times,when the enemy came,soldiers would make fires or smoke to send alarm signals from here.Fire was used at night and smoke during the day. 古时候，当敌人来的时候，士兵们会点火，放烟，从这里发出警报信号 。 Resding Comprehension 1 2 3 4 The Great Wall is located in north of China. It's building first began during the period of the Warring States. They built the walls to protect their countries. The first Emperor of the Qin Dynasty to have the walls linked and extended. 6.It took more than ten years to build it. 7.The Great Wall which we can see now was rebuilt during the Ming Dynasty in the 16th century. 8.Its total length is more than 6,700kilometer. 9.In 1987 it was listed by the UNESCO as a World Heritage Site . 5. About one million people were made to build the wall. Language Study 1. （ 1 ） conditions （ 2 ） pick up （ 3 ） remenber (4)excited （ 5 ） famous （ 6 ） located （ 7 ） protect (8) extended (9) carry (10) along Grammer The Passive Voice被动语态 什么是被动语态?被动语态”的构成？ be + 过去分词 + (by+动作执行者) 英语被动语态常用时态： 1、 一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词 Our classroom is cleaned every day. This car is made in China. 2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词 His desk was cleaned just now. The station was built in 1928. 3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词 A new factory is being built in our city now. 4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词 A new factory was being built in our city at that time. Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year. 5、一般将来时的被动语态: (A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词 (B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词. Some new factories will be built in our city this year. Your watch is going to be mended in an hour. 6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would / should + be + 动词的过去分词 (2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词. She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city. He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour. 7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词 Some new factories have been built in the city since last year. Your watch has been mended already. 8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词 He said that some new factories had been built in the city. I didn’t know that my watch had been mended . 9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done 例如：He can not be found. / I must be paid for this. 什么情况下要用被动语态呢?一般地说，有下面几种情况： ① 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。 例如： Paper is made from wood. (纸是由木材生产出来的。) The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. (这座房子太旧了。它是1950年建成的。) He was wounded in the fight. (他在战斗在受伤了。) Electricity is used to run machines. (电是用来开动机器的。) The Passive Voice被动语态 The use of Passive Voice ② 需要强调动作的对象时。 例如： Calculator can't be used in the maths exam. (计算器不能用于数学考试。) Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn ' t be taken away. (阅览室的书籍和报纸 不准带走。) He was awarded first prize in that contest. (他在比赛中获得了第一。) ③ 为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。 例如： The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. (新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。) 如何将主动语态变成被动语态 1 、从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。 例1. 主动语态：人们说英语。 People speak English in many countries. 被动语态：英语被说。 English is spoken in many countries.. 例2. 主动语态：我们造这座桥。 We built this bridge last year. 被动语态：这座桥被建造。 This bridge was built last year. 2、从语法的角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。 例1. 主动语态：小王邀请你(宾语) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party. 被动语态：你(宾语)被邀请。 You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang. 例2. 主动语态：你不准带走杂志(宾语) You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room. 被动语态：杂志(宾语)不准被带走. These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room 2.(1) by hand (2) places of interest (3) at the gate/door (4)such as . and so on.(5) take (6) is located in (7) It is said written; had; given; studied; put; made; played; helped; begun; known; said; read; cut; done; seen 2. 1) was written; 2) be answered; 3) was built 4) is spoken 5) is cleaned 6) isn’t allowed 7) be built 8) will be finished Grammar Focus 听力答案 1. My name; am glad; bus driver; AD3591 2. in 2008; There are 3. have got to; stay in; After lunch; At two o’clock this afternoon; at the gate Speaking Asking and Telling the Way Asking the way Would you please tell me the way to…? Would you please tell me how to get to…? Could/ Can you show me the to…? Could/Can you tell me where… is? Could/Can you tell me how I can get to…? Where is…, please? Asking and Telling the Way Telling the way 1. Walk along/down the street 2. Go/Walk straight ahead/on 3. Turn left/right at the corner / the first(…) crossing 4. At the traffic lights 5. On the right/left Exercise Writing Writing Writing 黄山 More Information 介绍黄山 在中国所有 著名的 山中，在安徽南部的黄山可能 是最著名的了。 五岳中国最重要的山的 集合 名字， 即（ 也就是） 山东省的泰山，陕西省的华山，山西省的横山，河 南省的嵩山，湖南省的衡山。据说“ 五岳归来不看 山，黄山归来不看岳 ”这种说法也许能给你一些黄 山之美丽和 独特的 想法。就像黄河、长江和长城一 样，黄山现在已成为中国的象征之一。