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国家开放大学电大专科《英语阅读(3)》2022-2023 期末试题及答案(试卷号:2157)
Part ]
Read PaMagr I and decide the morning of the following words with the help of (he context. The panigniph in
which the word sppeam bi Indicated In brackets Write A. B» <>r C on your answer •hrc<. (30 potnUr 3 points
each)
1
Agin* Crhb in Chinn
1 MAgmgtM myji Alex Kalche« Head of thr ProtfrAmrne on Aging at the London School of Hygiene and
Tropical Medicine* "i ・ the number one proldctn in the world. And i( it in not addroned nowt there will be ncriouR
conscqucncciu " It in fhc ^number one problem1* bccnuur the numbera of people over 60 — and particularly
those over 80 urc growing fa«U The rapid auinff trend in (liiriA fs populnlion AI»O poncn immrdiiitc chiillrnKeii to
Chincne society- How can Chinn Ucr thin rhullcngr? A ・ the social structure chonKeB in terms of
drm<)Kmphic!i« no will tradition.
2 In 1959 there were 200 million people over 60 in the world# uccounting (or 8 percent of the total
population^ It IR predicted that in China• by 2000 . the numbrr of retired pcoplr will be scvcrnl times that of the
mid-90"t. In 2020 they will hnvc incrrniird by several time* aRAin. The problem in th«t AS more and more people
Itvc longer and thrir number* increanc both m actual numbcni and rrlntivr to the? general populatione there will
bt? fewer people io c ・ re for them. The dependency rutio* AM it called • in AIAO it (fee ted by the fnct thnt women
> who have been the irAditional CArctakcm of the elderlyt «re bccomiriH more carccr-oricnrrd and arc not at
home to care for their purcntiu
3 Onr solution is Mrnior hom「、・ Tradnionnlly• it ” considered a Chinrjic virtnr (or
children (o uke core of their parrnu. But if people are workinH long hour*t older purentB (eel lonely At home* At
senior citixcn cent rent they cmi grt good enrv from the who
nrc A I no willing to li»trn to ihrir utorieik et When I firm came hcret I complnincd about my daughterdcciaiont But
gradually< I began to like thin pl—" Wei Wonkuei* 86e MicL MThe nurso arc more ■timtiwt? than a hou»e rnuid.
and the food is tfoode " Wei AtnyitiK AI the Pcixin Senior Citisona Centre in Nanahi Dintrieh There arc only thrrr
ncnior centres in
the Dong)mdu Neighbourhood in Nnnuhi DiMtwt. which in not enough (or morr than 20.000 people over the ngc of 60.
However« the netghliourhucMl h.A about 15<000 laid-of( women wurkern who nrc caRer (or job., and the urea
expects to open ncvcrnl new cent rm in the near future# The in not only encouraning individunU to run senior
cilucnf» homent
but the government h»el( in building centres#
4 Some nay thnt thrs< homes tsolute the elderly from the rest of society and that keeping an
intcrKcncrationttl bond in nccessnry for a richt wi»r MKicty. Another moclrl which help* oid proplc to live more
independently is known OM Mcarc in the community. " A unique example of thin in the °S()S lirll* for the Elderlyw
nyitrm which WMM introduced in (^hangqinu Neighbourhood tn thr Western District tn 1996. und hna proved
AUccenAiuL Fnmilira were encouraged to volunteer to form mutual help "pairL with elderly people who had no
children nearby to cure (or them. Belin were affixed nt the bedside of lonely nnd ill ncfiior citisenfi and connected to
the hornr of the "pair houMchold> " When the bell thr helper KCMJB at once In May 1997. the Beijing Committee (or
the Elderly hud emerxoncy belb inntalkd in 297 home* in Beijing10 districts^
5 Although larger sociAl WCHMTC nysteru reform nerds to be undrrtakent thrive changes
in the UnditionAl way of curing for old pcoplr uhow a ( hinn which ready nnd willing to deni with chnnge in A creative
wny. Now ihflt MoverpopulationK «nd Aging cnnin11 nre necn ■・
prublcmt by modern nocicty world-wide9 it in importnnt thnt the elderly are not ignored# alienated or nii>trcntcd> but
ruthcr trranurcd for lheir grriH store of rxperirncee I hrMc arc problems that need thoughtful »olulionm
Qurstlocift 1 — 10 arc l>M«cd on PmMigc L
L Addressed (puniRniph 1)
A. dijicuMHcd lit solved •
(:• named
.
2< coiixequenceji (parARraph i )
.
A ・ rcauhs B. rcAtons
C> prohlemji
3. accountin|( for (pnrn|(raph 2) A.
ftiving rxplanAtion* C> taking up
cure for (pnrnKraph 2)
A- like
G pay attention to
5. n fleet cd (pnrnKraph 2>
A< infliirnccd
( incrcnurd
6. willing (paragraph 3)
A. eftger
prrpured
It coming from
K uke mre o(
K drcrrAneti
B. urihftppy
Kcud Passage 2 and choose cither A . B or (: to complete cnch of the following stntcmcntK Write
A. B or C on your answer Sect. (30 points. 3 points each)
Passage 2
• •
l>ata on Ocean Eloor*
I At the waterf« edge c( Balhmorc Harbor* two freshly painted grny ships await to be *enl out °n their next
mission. These are the workhorses of the Information Revolution^
They are wiring the world to meet the explosive and ^ecminftly limitless demand (or Internets voice and video
services> projected to be a $ 1 trillion-a-year global murket by
20 。 0. The two whips. C< S Global Link and its companion the C S Global Manner• arc among the most
technologically advanced vessels in the business of laying underjicn fiber-optic communications cnbks. They are part
of a worldwide fleett owned by Tye。 International Ltd. • thut has installed more transoceanic fiber than any other
company-
2 Mont of the worldf s telephone and Internet traffic courses through these hair-thin capillaries of glass# which
stretch from one continent to another along the ocean (loon In constant pulses of light > coded in the computer
language of ones and zerojit they flash millions of phone callst electronic mail messages> video clips and World Wide
Web pAges at light speed.
3 Undersea fiber-optic cables have become one of the most crucial components of todays
communicntion»-based global economy• despite mid-1960s predictions that satellites would make earthbound
long-distance communications obxolcte^
4 "Mosi people really do not realize the amount of telephone cables that are undersea> and thnt their calk
actuolly go through them." said Rob Jones• captain of the C. S Global Link. There are 228.958 milcA (368.472
kilometers) of fiber-optic cable on the floors of the world、seat enough to encircle Earth Almost 10 timest according to
KMI Corp, of Rhode Island Another 177. 717 miles of cable are planned for installation worldwide by 2000• KMI
estimates*
5 Thn! figurr dorM not count thr most anihitiout program. Project Oxygen, which backers dt^rribe an a $14
7. attentive (paragraph 3)
A. cnrclrss
C. hard-workiriR
& run (paragraph 3)
A. join
C move faxt
9. isolate. • • from (pAragrAph 4 >
A ・ ^rparnte. . • from
C< fake... from
10. mintreated (paragraph 5)
A. treat well
C treat bndly
Part U
B. caring
B. manage
K prevent... from
B. trrnt ntrchilly
billion MSuper Internet- that would puy out 198.844 miles of mainly undersea fiberoptic cable touching 175 countries.
Oxygen nlrcady has the backing of 30 intrrnAtional tele cammunication^ providers find in scheduled for completion
in 2003. project Oxygen M "the inont ambitioun project of communications in the 20th Etitury," mid President John
Kestrel of KM1. The intcrnci tn n Tnnjor driver of the cxpnnMion. Thr second
driver i、the need (or video tranHninwuonn.
6 Global dercKulAtiun of tckcommunicaTiun^ mnrkct* i* playing n key ml” in thr ^ubnea fiber boom. Phone
compHnieK around the world arc rapidly going private «nd KOvernmentA are opening their marketii ta compciiUon.
Chinmc officuih« (or rxAmpkt c|eVerly phyed 14 comprtitoni off each other tn bim io build the first link between China
nnd
the United Staxes— ami then ultimately told them nil to share the $ 1 billion contract.
7 Phrascn nuch ns "quantum leap" and ^orders of magnitude^ frequently come up in dt$cn^ion» about
advances in undersea fiber optics In 1998. when glass fibers began (o rrphcc copper in telecommunicaTion^f people
stopped talking in terms of hundreds of simult/incous phone calh per cable and started talking about tens of
thousands Scientists at companies such as Cicnu Corp, of Maryland have more than quadrupled fiber-cable capacity
by using lasers to split light into colors9 sending diTa through each path in a process called "wrive division
multiplexing* " The newest【mn 牛 Atomic cable can handle 2. I million voice conversations at one rime 一 or
hundreds of ihousnnd^ of com pressed video imAgesu The (hin®*(L & project will handle 4 million odk at once-
8 Lucent Technology Inc , one of the I aiding fiber optic companies* unveiled the latent brenkthrougha The
ability to trnn^mit as many as 10 million calls over a single fiber by dividing the strand into 80 separate wavelengths of
light instead of 16. Lucent says the cablets 400-Rigabit (billions of computer instruction!! per second) sperd is enough
to curry the world's Internet traffic at any given time on one fiber. One voice phone call requires 6U000 bits. Is there
any limit to the capacity increase? */bsolutely not." said Neil Tagnrc# Project Oxygen's founder and an undersea fiber
veteran• "There is in sight."
9 And as the boom in fiber-optics continucA# the COM of GIHT dccTca*、. Each voice circuit tn n pre (ibcr
tran«-Atlantic cable tn 1987 com about $ 40.00 annually to build and muintAin* Mr. Kessler said Today> the cost has
dropped to roughly to $ 100 to $200 per circuit• he said< The plunging costs* combined with deregulation and
competition in phone mArketx. have made distance meaningless in communicaiioiui — and the price of cnlh.
10 Aboard rhe C. & Globa] Link. Captain Jones remains very busy. The ship returned
■
to Blatimorr from thr Arabian Sea and Indian Ocean♦ after dropping 2t000 miles of cable from Bomlmy to Malnysia as
part of another major project > called Fiber Link Around thr Glebe Fkforc Bombay, it helped to lay Atlantic Crossings
covering 3. 557 of Gher-opiic cables ot an average speed of 6 knots over 21 dnyiL It takes than two monthn to innixill
n Atbintic cablc> Shipn u»c computcm tliAt nrc prournmrnrd to follow ti itpccilk rouir iiMinn nlob«l pOftitioninR natrllitr
nAvigatinn MyNtcrnM< I hr routrn arc cho»rn nhcr rnrefill undersell topotfraphical Aurvryn th ・ t cnniiidcr such (nrtorM
nn undvrwuter rrirthqiinkc canyonn and shipping and huhirig routcn> "If Rlubul link、cuntmur to |(raw they hnve in the
last decode• iE KOIIIK to get kind of crowded down thereJones.
Questions 11—20 arr based on Pa^snge 2.
1L Tyco Intrrnnfionnl Ltd. _______________•
A. i ・■ compuny which owns many shipu
B. is « telephone and Internet company
C is a company in charge of Project Oxygen
12 ・ Rob Jones ♦
A. is captain of the Q S Global Mariner
B. is captain of the C. S. Global Link
G IB President of KMI
13. There arr __________of h be rep tic cubic on the floors of the worlds
K. 228.958 kilometers B. 177.717 kilometer*
C« 368.472 kilometern
14. Project Oxygen___________ •
A. is a project of communications >n the 21JII century
K in described AS "Super Internet1" by its bockcr»
G already han the backing of 175 countries
I5> _________ were used for telccommunidtionn in 1998.
A. Optic fibcru K Copper cables
C Glos fiberB
16. Thr newest trnnn Allnntic cablr enn hnndlc_________________ nt one time.
A> 2. 4 million voice converiuiiionh
Ik hundreds of compressed video imngcM
C. 2. 4 million calls
17. One voice phone call requircn_____________ •
A. 400-gigahit B. 16 billion biu
C 64.000 bits
18. Neil Tagarc is >
A. President of Tyco Intcrnntional Ltd
K captain of the G S. Global Link
C ・ founder of Project Oxygen
19. Which oft the following is NOT true? __________________
A ・ Captain Jones• has nothing to do after bonrding the C. S Global l.ink<
B. The C S. Global Link returned to Baltimore from the Arabinn Sea and Indian Ocean.
Fhe C. S Global Link dropped 2.000 miles of cable from Bombay to Malaysia^
20. It takes___________to install a tran»*Atlantic cabl&
A ・ less than 21 days B. less than 2 months
C more 2 months
Part DI
Read Passage 3 and decide whether the following statements are true or false. Write T for true and F for false on
yoar an«wcr sheet. (20 points> 2 points each)
Psvaaicc 3
Mario w ・ lucky dog?
】 On his fifty-fifth birthday the President decided to release some prisoners of the same age as a gesture oi
goodwill Not too manyt but one> Bay from each of the twenty or lhi”y overcrowded prisons in the small slate* They
would have to be carefully selected »Q AH not to give trouble once they were out< men perhaps who had been HO long
in prison that they had ceased to have any real contact with the outside world# None of them was to be told in advance
of his lihrrty.
2 Mijrio was therefore n^tomshrd when he was called to the (iovernor 9 olficc one morning and told he was to
be net Cree next day. He had spent almost three quarters of hiu lile in RaoL working out a life nentener fur stabling a
policeman io death* He was a dull-witted man with no reiationft living nnd nu friends except his prison
3 The followinR morning wa» clear nnd bright. Mario was given no opportunity to say goodbye to nnyonct but
n guard escorted him to the prison gaten nnd wished him good luck. Alone< hr »cr off up the long white road leading
to the town> The traffic< the noi^c* the absence of the secure prison walls terrified him. Presently he sat down by the
side of the road to think a liulr. After he had thought for n long rimrt far his brnin worked slowly^ he 函 ne to a decision.
Hr remained where he wm. wmting patiently until at Inst he ww a police car approaching. When it was near enough, he
darted out into the road> obliging it to stop
wi.h .呻 d of Hehnd W 汕 him 成血顷。wh.eh he had been allowed xo w -
w some wooden figures (or the pnson church. When the young police。伍心赋。心 lhc 叫 d5d 曲 to 血 w whas
wrong. M.no subbed him very、,呻心血血 right can
Questions 21—30 are based on 3 ・
21. The President decided to release some prmoncr* because hr thought H would loo good AA A sign of
kindnesn.
22. The pri»oncr» chotcn to l»r relca»e
26. Mario thought (or n lonR lime. bccnui»e hr w ・,n dull-witted rn ・ n.
27. When Mano dished into the rond. the pal 心 car stopped
28. The knife thnt Mario rnrrtrd hod been used lo cut firrwoud for the prinun
29. Mnrio finally decidrei lo Mtub the policeman bccaune he wanted to hf »rnl to P^Min
again.
30. From Manova rxAmpIc* we can my thn! I hr PrrMcIrnt Muccccdrd in hm plnn.
Purt ft
Head PHMMKV I und iin^wrr thr following qurMhmM. Mnkr your uniwrni ii、、丽 rt und cw poMlblc. (20 polnl»t 4 polnli
each)
Piiwi 好 4
The Plcn»urm M Fitting
| Thr first man who cooked hi» focxl* inniead of citing it r/iw ・ lived M> long thm wr have no idrA who he wm t*r
whirr he lived. We do know, however, thnt (or thouwtnch of ycum. food WM nlwayt enten cold mid rnw. Perhaps thr (iE
cookrd food wa> h「md lurddcnully by M forest fire or by the molten bivw from an erupting volcano. No doubi. when
pvoplr (imt u»ted food that hod been cooked• they found n tMted better. Hawwer # «vrn after thin discovery. c(x>krCold and raw>
32. They used the hem of ihc sun.
33. Reed And "Jim baskets
34. Sand5tone>
35* Wa:l-paintings>