初一英语五种基本句型及练习 4页

五种基本句型与初中英语写作 一：基本句型 基本句型一: 主+系+表 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做连系动词.连系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化的be动词本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用.其它连系动词仍保持其部分词义. 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典. 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好. 3. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了. 5. He │is growing │tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮.‎ 基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)‎ 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思.这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词,介词短语等. 1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着. 2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了. 3. What he said │does not matter. 他所讲的没有什么关系. 4. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时. 5. The pen │writes smoothly. 这支笔书写流利.‎ 基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾 此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整.这类动词叫做及物动词. 1. Who │knows │the answer？ 谁知道答案？ 2. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书. 3. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误.‎ 基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾） 此句型的句子有一个共同特点:谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思.这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者,另一个是动作的间接承受者.通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接,当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时,这一介词往往被省略. 1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳. 2. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片. 3. He │bought │you │a dictionary.他给你买了一本字典. 4. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了. 5. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器.‎ 基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语（宾+宾补） 此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整. 1. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色. 2. They │found │the house │deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住. 3. What │makes │him │think so？ 他怎么会这样想？. 4. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去. 5. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来. 6. I │saw │them │getting on the bus at that time. 我看见他们当时在上了那辆公共汽车.‎ 4‎ 二：请判断下列句子的结构类型：‎ ‎1.He is running.‎ ‎2.The loud voice from the upstairs made him angry.‎ ‎3.The little boy is asking the teacher all kinds of questions.‎ ‎4.She seemed angry.‎ ‎5.My father bought me a beautiful present.‎ ‎6.Why do you keep your eyes closed？‎ ‎7.Will you tell us an exciting story？‎ ‎8.We must keep our classroom tidy and clean.‎ ‎9.I heard the baby crying in the sitting room.‎ ‎10.Can you push the window open？‎ 三：基础翻译练习 基本句型一: 主+系+表 1. 当时他看起来不高兴。‎ 2. 我喜欢的运动是游泳和滑冰。‎ 3. 我擅长英语。‎ 4. 收到你的来信我很高兴。‎ 5. 在公路对面有一栋新教学楼。‎ 6. 图书馆里有各种各样的书籍、报纸和杂志。‎ 7. 那是在2000年2月8日早上7:15.‎ 8. 天变得越来越黑。‎ 9. 这食物吃起来挺可口的。‎ ‎10. 这故事听起来很有趣。 ‎ Key:‎ 1. He looked unhappy at that time.‎ ‎2. My favorite sports are swimming and skating.‎ ‎3. I am very good at English.‎ ‎4. I was so pleased to hear from you.‎ ‎5. On the other side of the road there is a new teaching building.‎ ‎6. In the library there are all kinds of books, newspapers and magazines.‎ ‎7. It was 7:15 on the morning of February 8, 2000.‎ ‎8. It is getting darker and darker.‎ ‎9. The food tastes delicious.‎ ‎10. The story sounds very interesting.‎ 基本句型二: 主+谓(不及物动词)‎ ‎1. 1984年至1990年我在光明小学学习。‎ ‎2. 今天上午，我们在校门口会面然后一起去那里。‎ ‎3. 时间很快过去了。 ‎ ‎4. 这几年我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。‎ 4‎ ‎5. 小车没有停而是快速的开走了。‎ ‎6. 在过去的10年间它的经济发展迅速。‎ ‎7. 那个年轻人重重地摔倒在地。‎ ‎8. 过去他早上习惯于早起。‎ Key: ‎ 1. I studied in Guangming Primary School from 1984 to 1990.‎ 2. This morning we met at the school gate and went there together.‎ 3. The time passed quickly.‎ ‎4. Great changes have taken place in our hometown these years.‎ ‎5. The car didn't stop but drove off at great speed.‎ ‎6. Its economy has developed rapidly in the past ten years.‎ ‎7. The young man fell down on the ground hard.‎ ‎8. He used to get up early in the morning.‎ 基本句型三: 主+谓(及物)+宾 1. 去年在学校电脑竞赛中我获得了一等奖。‎ ‎2. 在业余时间我喜欢听流行音乐和收集邮票。‎ ‎3.几天前我和我兄弟骑自行车去看电影。‎ ‎4. 我们也在校园内和周围种上了许多树。‎ ‎5. 晚上时，我可以看电视新闻或看报纸。‎ ‎6. 在回家的路上他把钱给丢了。‎ ‎7. 昨晚大约九点的时候，我正在做作业。‎ ‎8. 才艺展示（Talent Show）将于6月18日在北京电视台举行。‎ ‎9. 下午，我将带你们转转，看一看一些名胜。‎ ‎10. 盼望能尽早见到你。 ‎ Key:‎ ‎1. Last year I won first prize in the school computer competition. ‎ ‎2. In my spare time I enjoy listening to popular music and collecting stamps.‎ ‎3. The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.‎ ‎4. We also planted a lot of trees in and around the school.‎ ‎5. In the evenings I can watch news on TV or read newspapers.‎ ‎6. He lost the money on his way home.7. About 9 o'clock last night, I was doing my homework.‎ ‎8. Talent Show will be held in Beijing Television Station on July 18.‎ ‎9. In the afternoon, I’ll show you around and take you to some places of interest.‎ ‎10. I’m looking forward to meeting you soon.‎ 基本句型四: 主+谓(及物)+双宾（间宾+直宾）‎ 1. 去年王老师教我们英语。‎ ‎2. 明天我要给他写封信，告诉他这个好消息。‎ ‎3. 他们给他提供了一份工作，但他拒绝了。‎ ‎4. 在我14岁生日时，爸爸给我买了一辆新自行车。‎ ‎5. 昨晚我花了两小时才完成作业。‎ ‎6. 对不起，能问你一个问题吗？‎ Key:‎ ‎1.Mr Wang taught us English last year.‎ ‎2. Tomorrow I’ll write him a letter and tell him the good news.‎ ‎3. They offered him a job, but he turned it down.‎ ‎4. On my 14th birthday, Father bought me a new bike.‎ ‎5. It took me two hours to finish my homework last night.‎ ‎6. Excuse me, can I ask you a question?‎ 基本句型五: 主+谓(及物)+复合宾语（宾+宾补）‎ 4‎ 1. 当时我看到那些孩子在河边玩。‎ ‎2. 我们正在使我们的国家变得越来越美丽。‎ ‎3. 当我到达教室时，我发现里边没有人。‎ ‎4. 昨天下午在公交车上我的钱包让人给偷了。‎ ‎5. 我注意到凯特整个早上都在图书馆里看书。‎ ‎6. 父亲叫我给他带些报纸来。‎ Key:‎ ‎1.I saw the kids/children playing by the river at that time.‎ ‎2. We are making our country more and more beautiful.‎ ‎3. When I got to the classroom, I found nobody in.‎ ‎4. I had my wallet stolen on a bus yesterday afternoon.‎ ‎5. I noticed Kate reading in the library all the morning.‎ ‎6. Father asked me to bring him some newspapers.‎ 四：综合翻译练习：‎ ‎1. 那噪音太响，我无法继续学习。‎ ‎2. 得知你9月份要来我很高兴。‎ ‎3. 人们需要一个可以休息和玩乐的地方。‎ ‎4. 当那个人在过马路时，小车撞了他。‎ ‎5. 我已答应明天下午3：30到机场接他。‎ ‎6. 听了我说的话，我的邻居向我道歉并马上把电视音量关小。‎ ‎7. 他是一个很有学问的人我们都很欣赏他。‎ ‎8. 在过去，人们主要通过写信、打公共电话来彼此保持联系。‎ ‎9. 我宁愿呆在家里，因为我可以做我想做的，比如：读书、看电视、帮助父母做家务。‎ ‎10. 我们应该把中国文化和历史介绍给外国人，以便他们能更多的了解中国。‎ ‎11. 为了改善北京交通，政府应鼓励更多人使用公共交通或自行车。‎ ‎12. 以我的观点来看，考试作弊是错的，因为它违反了学校规章。‎ ‎13. 我们学生应该诚实，尽力通过努力学习而不是考试作弊来获得好成绩。‎ ‎14. 有个老人静静地坐在附近的一个板凳上。‎ Key:‎ ‎1. The noise was so loud that I couldn't go on studying.‎ ‎2. I’m so glad to learn that you’re coming in September.‎ ‎3. People need a place where they can rest and enjoy themselves.‎ ‎4. The car hit the man while he was crossing the road.‎ ‎5. I have promised to meet him at the airport at 3:30 tomorrow afternoon.‎ ‎6. After hearing what I said, my neighbor apologized to me and turned down the TV immediately.‎ ‎7. He is such a learned person that we all admire hem very much.‎ ‎8. In the past, people kept in touch with each other mainly by writing letters or using the public telephone.‎ ‎9. I prefer to stay at home, for I can do what I like, such as reading books, watching TV, and helping my parents with the housework.‎ ‎10. We should introduce the Chinese culture and history to foreigners so that they may know China better.‎ ‎11. To improve the traffic in Beijing, the government should encourage more people to use public transport and bicycles.‎ ‎12. In my opinion, it is wrong to cheat in examinations because it breaks the rules of schools.‎ ‎13. We students should be honest and try to get good results by studying hard instead of cheating in examinations.‎ ‎14. There was an old man sitting quietly on a bench nearby.‎ 4‎