上海牛津英语初一下的重要知识点 11页

‎7B 期中复习知识点 Unit One ‎1. a travel guide (guide n. 指南，手册，导游)‎ ‎ The guide took us around the castle. (导游)‎ ‎ Do you need a guide? It tells you a lot about Paris. (guidebook, 导游手册)‎ ‎ A Guide to English Grammar (《英语语法指南》)‎ ‎ guide v. 为……领路，带领 He guided me to my room. / guide visitors around the city ‎2. tour suggestions (n.)‎ ‎ tour n. 旅行 [联想] tourist n. 游客 (visitor) tourism n. 旅游业 ‎ We had a library tour in the university this morning. ‎ ‎ suggestion [C] n. suggest v. 建议 ‎ …suggest that sb. (should) do sth. 建议某人做某事 (宾语从句用法)‎ ‎ I suggest that you (should) go over your lessons first.‎ I suggest that he (should) exercise regularly.‎ suggest doing sth.建议做某事 He suggested going to the cinema.‎ ‎3. have been to, have been in, have gone to ‎ Simon _has been in__ Dalian for five years.‎ ‎ --Where is he? – He __has gone to____ Beijing.‎ ‎ I ___have been to____ the Ocean Park twice.‎ ‎4. decide to do sth. / decide not to do sth. 决定做/决定不做某事 ‎ She decided to leave Shanghai. / She decided not to leave Shanghai.‎ decision [C] n. make a decision ‎5. take part in a competition 参加一个竞赛 ‎ take part in = join in 参加(某项活动)‎ ‎ join = become a member of 参加(某个组织或团体并成为其中的一员)‎ ‎ Sally will _take part in__ the 100-meter-race at the school sports meeting.‎ ‎ He __joined_____ the Club ten years ago.‎ competition [C] n. compete v. 比赛，竞争 ‎6. make some suggestions = give some suggestions ‎[联想] make a decision, make a promise, make a plan, make a wish ‎7. Tian’anmen Square, Yu Garden (拼音前面不用定冠词)‎ ‎ the Great Wall, the Ocean Park (普通名词构成的地名前有定冠词)‎ ‎8. reason [C] n. 原因，理由 ‎ The reason she was ill was that she had eaten some bad meat.‎ ‎ [联想] reasonable a. 合理的，明智的 (unreasonable)‎ ‎9. Shanghai Grand Theatre 上海大剧院 ‎ grand a. 大的(用于大建筑物等的名称)，壮丽的，宏伟的 ‎ It’s not a very grand house. ‎ ‎ theatre n. 剧院 ‎ [联想] go to the theatre 去看戏 ‎ go to the cinema 去看电影 ‎10. Oriental Pearl TV Tower 东方明珠电视塔 ‎ oriental a. 东方的，亚洲的 ‎ oriental countries / languages / customs ‎ [联想] Orient n. 东方 ‎ ‎ 11. Century Park 世纪公园 ‎ century [C] n. 世纪 ‎ The castle was built in the 19th century. (在19世纪)‎ ‎ [联想] century n. 百年 ‎ This book was written centuries ago. (几百年前)‎ ‎12. Shanghai Science and Technology Museum 上海科技馆 ‎ science n. 科学 scientist 科学家 ‎ technology n. 技术，科技 ‎ ‎ technologist n. 技术员，(工程技术)专家 ‎ technological adj. 科技的 ‎13. sightseeing n. 观光，游览 ‎ ‎ Some people like to lie on the beach, but I prefer sightseeing. ‎ ‎ [联想] a sightseeing bus 旅游车 a sightseeing tour 观光旅游 ‎ ‎ go sightseeing 去观光 ‎ ‎ sightseer n. 观光者 ‎ ‎14. in the centre / south / … of 在……的中央/南面…… ‎ ‎ [区分] B is in the south of A (B包含在A之内) ‎ ‎ B is on the south of A (B与A接壤) ‎ ‎ B is to the south of A (B与A不相邻) ‎ ‎15. get on with = get along with 进展，与……相处(人)‎ ‎ How are you getting on with your project?‎ ‎ How are you getting on with your new classmates?‎ ‎16. be famous for = be known for 以(因为)……而著名 ‎ Thailand is famous for its palaces and beaches.‎ ‎ be famous as = be known as 作为……而著名 ‎ He is known as a great writer. ‎ ‎17. night views 夜景 ‎ view [C] n. 景色，风景 ‎ have a view over the Huangpu River ‎ There is a view of the river from my window.‎ ‎ view [C] n. 信念，观点，看法 ‎ In my view, the book is quite interesting.‎ ‎18. shopping paradise 购物天堂 ‎ paradise [C] n. 天堂 [近义] heaven ‎ This beach is surfers’ paradise.‎ ‎19. it is not surprising that… ……不足为奇 ‎ ‎ surprising a. (sth.) surprised a. (sb.) surprise n. v.‎ ‎20. in about eight minutes 在八分钟内 (in + 一段时间)‎ ‎ 在一段时间内，常用过去时和现在时 ‎ He can draw a horse in five minutes. (之内) ‎ ‎ 在一段时间后，常用将来时 ‎ She will be a singer in ten years’ time. (之后)‎ ‎21. about 30 km south-west of the city 在城市西南方30公里处 ‎ (距离+方位+of…)‎ ‎ The Great wall is 130 kilometers north of the city of Beijing.‎ ‎ Where is the Great Wall?‎ ‎22. Sheshan State Resort 佘山国家旅游度假区 ‎ state a. 国家的，洲的(美国)‎ ‎ resort n. 度假胜地 a health resort / a summer resort ‎23. go there for sightseeing and fun 去那儿观光游玩 ‎ (for表示目的，后面接名词或动名词)‎ ‎ go to the beach for fun / go there for shopping ‎24. think of 想出，想到 think about 思考，考虑 ‎ think of more examples / think about your suggestion ‎25. observatory n. [C] 天文台 ‎ observe v. 观察 observe the stars ‎ observer n. 观察者，旁听者 ‎26. cruise n. 巡航，巡游 go on Huangpu River cruises ‎ v. 巡游 　cruise along the shore ‎ cruiser n. 游艇，巡洋舰 Unit two ‎1. see a film 看电影 ‎ see a movie, go to the cinema ‎2. read a film guide 看电影指南 ‎ read a (book, magazine, newspaper, report…)‎ ‎3. discuss which film to see = discuss which film they should to see ‎4. take a look at = have a look at (look n.) 看一看 ‎5. stupid a. 愚蠢的，笨的 stupidly ad.‎ ‎[近义] foolish, silly ‎6. clown n. 小丑 [近义] joker ‎7. an action film 动作片 ‎ action n. 动作 ‎ ‎ It’s time for action. ([U] n.)‎ ‎ Actions are more important than words. ([C] n.)‎ ‎ act v. 行动，表演 n. 行动 a kind act/action ‎ actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员 ‎ active a. 积极的 activity n. 活动 ‎8. robber [C] n. 强盗 [联想] thief (thieves) n. 贼，小偷 ‎ rob v. 抢劫 (robbed, robbed)‎ ‎ robbery [C] n. 抢劫案 ‎ The ___robbery_______ happened at 2 a.m. The old man saw two ‎ ______robbers______ break into the bank. They ____robbed_____ two ‎ bags of money.‎ ‎9. hate v. 讨厌，不喜欢 ‎ I hate to interrupt someone who is busy working. (hate to do)‎ ‎ I hate seeing horror films. (hate doing)‎ ‎ [提示] hate to do = hate doing ‎ [近义] dislike v. dislike doing sth.‎ ‎ [反义] like, love v. like doing sth. = love doing sth.‎ ‎10. adventure [C] n. 冒险，奇遇 ‎ All the children listened to his adventures with full attention.‎ ‎ adventurer n. 冒险家 adventurous a. 冒险的 ‎11. in space 在太空 ‎ [区分] in the space 在……的空间里 ‎ There’re many different kinds of stars in space.‎ ‎ We can put nothing in the space between the two desks. 12. duration n. 持续时间 ‎ We hope the war will be of short duration.‎ ‎ [联想] during prep. 在……的期间 ‎ durable a. 耐用的，持久的 durable clothing/durable peace ‎13. in the circus 在马戏团 ‎ circus n. 马戏团 ‎ ‎ run a circus 演马戏，演出杂技 travelling circus 流动马戏团 ‎14. full of laughter and fun 充满笑声和欢乐 ‎ laughter [U] n. laugh v. laugh at 嘲笑 ‎ I can hear his laughter in the next room.‎ ‎ be full of = be filled with 充满 ‎ The film is full of laughter. = The film is filled with laughter.‎ ‎15. miss v. 错过，想念 ‎ Hurry up, or you will miss the early bus. (错过)‎ ‎ I miss you very much. (想念)‎ ‎16. in a small town far away 在一个遥远的小镇上 ‎ far away在这里是一个副词短语，置于句末 ‎ Christmas is a time for friends to send cards to those who live far away.‎ ‎17. diary n. (工作日程)记事簿 ‎ [区分] dairy 乳制品 ‎18. pay v. (paid, paid) ‎ ‎ sb. pay money for sth. / sth. cost sb. money / sb. spend money on sth. 付钱 ‎ pay a visit to sp. 访问/参观某地 ‎ pay for his rudeness 为他的鲁莽付出代价 ‎ pay attention to 注意 ‎19. altogether ad. 总共，一共 ‎ altogether = in all ‎ There’re 18 people on the bus altogether.‎ ‎ There’re 18 people on the bus in all.‎ ‎20. price n. 价格 priceless a. 无价的，宝贵的 ‎ What’s the price of the suit? (price只能用what提问)‎ ‎ at a low price / at a high price ‎21. the way to the cinema 去电影院的路 ‎ 与to搭配的固定词组 ‎ the answer to the question ‎ the key to the door ‎ the entrance to the building ‎22. avenue, street, road, lane ‎ avenue通常指两边有树的，通往较大建筑的大街。‎ ‎ street指城镇里较窄，短的重要街道，两边有很多建筑物。‎ ‎ road指较长，宽的路，通常是行驶车辆。‎ lane指小胡同或乡间小路。‎ ‎23. 常用于问路的句子 ‎ Where is the post office?‎ ‎ How can I go to the post office (from here)?‎ ‎ Could you tell me the way to the post office?‎ ‎24. 常用于指路的句子 ‎ Turn left. Walk along Rose Street. ‎ ‎ Turn left into Rose street and walk along.‎ ‎ Walk straight ahead.‎ ‎ Take the first turning on the left. 在第一个路口左转。‎ ‎ Take the second turning on the right. 在第二个路口右转。‎ ‎ Walk to the end of the street.‎ ‎ You will see the post office in front of you.‎ ‎ You will see the cinema on your right.‎ You can’t miss it.‎ Unit three ‎1. quite a few years = many years ‎ quite ad. 相当，十分 ‎ Ann is quite pretty. (quite+adj.)‎ ‎ I quite like watching volleyball games. (quite+v.)‎ ‎[辨析] quite, rather, pretty, very ‎ quite语气稍重，比如说某部电影quite good,就是指相当不错，虽然不是最好的，但是值得一看。rather和pretty在语气上更重一些，但pretty不如rather正式。它们可以和褒义或贬义形容词连用，表示一种愉快，或不赞成，不满意的心情。‎ ‎ It’s a rather interesting book.‎ ‎ She looked rather disappointed about it.‎ very语气最强，意为 “非常，很” ，以上几个副词按语气轻重列为 quite—rather/pretty—very 但在用法上存在区别。‎ ‎(1). 只有rather可以和比较级以及副词too连用 ‎ It’s rather warmer today.‎ ‎ This one is rather too large.‎ ‎(2). rather和quite有时可以直接修饰动词，其他副词一般不可以。‎ ‎ I quite agree with you. (I agree with you very much.)‎ ‎ We rather like the book. (We like the book very much.)‎ ‎(3). rather和quite与“冠词＋形容词＋名词”连用时，通常可以置于冠词之前或之后，very只能置于冠词之后，形容词之前。‎ ‎ It’s quite/rather a good idea. = It a quite/rather good idea.‎ ‎ It’s a very good idea.‎ ‎ 若只有 “冠词+名词”，quite和rather只能放在冠词之前。‎ ‎ It is quite/rather a success.‎ ‎2. since和for的用法 since用于过去的时间前，意指“从那时起到现在”，常和现在完成时连用。‎ He has been here since last Monday.‎ since也可以是时间连词，后接一个表示时间点的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用过去时。‎ He has worked for us since he left school.‎ for用来表示一段时间，常与现在完成时连用，表示动作延续到说话的那一刻。‎ He has worked here for a year.‎ for+一段时间也可以用since+行动开始那一刻来代替，如 He has worked here for a year.‎ He has worked here since one year ago.‎ 所有for和since的划线部分提问均用 “How long…”‎ ‎3. 反义疑问句 ‎(1). 反义疑问句中问句部分和陈述句部分构成相反关系，即 ‎ 前肯后否，前否后肯。‎ ‎ They’re very late for the meeting, aren’t they?‎ ‎(2). 反义部分的助动词与陈述部分的动词要匹配，在时态上一致。‎ ‎ He has dinner at home every day, doesn’t he?‎ ‎ He has known the man, hasn’t he?‎ ‎(3). 陈述部分若含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分仍为肯定，反意部分要用否定。‎ ‎ Your father is unhappy, isn’t he?‎ ‎ It’s impossible to arrive there on time, isn’t it?‎ ‎ She dislikes staying at home alone, doesn’t she?‎ ‎(4). 陈述部分若带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词语时，反意部分用肯定。‎ ‎ She never tells a lie, does she?‎ ‎ He was seldom late, was he?‎ ‎(5). 陈述部分为I am…时， 反意部分为aren’t I?‎ ‎ I am a very honest man, aren’t I?‎ ‎(6). 反义疑问句的回答形式类似于一般疑问句，yes后面无not，no后面带not. 回答从客观事实出发。‎ ‎ --Cathy is reading an English magazine now, isn’t she?‎ ‎ --_No, she isn’t_. She is busy cleaning the house.‎ ‎ --He isn’t a teacher, is he?‎ ‎--____Yes, he is_____. He has worked in this school for two years.‎ ‎4. waiter n. 男服务生waitress n. 女服务生 wait v. 等待 wait for sb.‎ ‎5. train v. 训练，培养 ‎ They are training for the boat race.‎ ‎ Mother trained us to be honest.‎ ‎ [联想] trainer 训练员 trainee 受训的人 ‎ train n. 火车 an express train 快车 ‎6. headmaster 男校长 headmistress 女校长 principal 校长 ‎7. machine n. [C] 机器 mechanic n. [C] 机械师 ‎8. engineer n. [C] 工程师 engine n. 引擎 ‎9. use sth. to do = sth. be used to do ‎ use sth. for doing = sth. be used for doing ‎ We use water to wash clothes.‎ ‎ Water is used to wash clothes.‎ ‎ We use fire for cooking.‎ ‎ Fire is used for cooking.‎ ‎10. tell the time 报时 ‎ tell the truth, tell a story, tell a lie, tell the difference ‎11. hold the keys 挂钥匙 ‎ hold v. (held, held)‎ ‎ She is holding her raincoat tightly. (抓住)‎ ‎ The hall can hold 1000 people. (容纳)‎ ‎ They held many meetings with the foreigners. (举行)‎ ‎ Hold on. (请稍等；别挂断)‎ ‎12. take the cable car to sp. = go to sp. by cable car ‎13. fantastic = wonderful adj.‎ Unit three ‎1. let sb. do sth.‎ ‎ let后跟动词原形 ‎ 另：Let’s…, shall we?‎ ‎ Let us…, will you?‎ ‎2. go + doing sth. 去做某事 ‎ ‎ go shopping 去购物 ‎ go swimming 去游泳 ‎3. different a. 不同的 ‎ difference n. 不同之处 ‎ e.g. differet shops 不同的商店 ‎4. need的用法 ‎1)当need作为情态动词时，后跟动词的原型，need本身无时态变化；‎ ‎ e.g. He need finish his homework.‎ ‎ He need not finish his homework.‎ ‎ Need he finish his homework?‎ ‎2)当need作为实意动词时，后跟to do sth.或名词, need本身有时态变化。‎ ‎ e.g. He needs to finish his homework.‎ He doesn’t need to finish his homework.‎ ‎ He needs some money.‎ ‎ He doesn’t need any money.‎ ‎ Does he need any money?‎ ‎5. need v. 需要 ‎ necessary a. 必要的 ‎6. a pair of shoes 一双鞋 ‎ a pair of trousers 一条裤子 ‎ a pair of jeans 一条牛仔裤 ‎7. buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth.‎ ‎ e.g. buy you a pair of jeans ‎ =buy a pair of jeans for you ‎8. something用在肯定句中 ‎ anything用在否定和疑问句中 重要的词组：‎ ‎1. would like to do sth. 想做某事 ‎2. need to buy a lot of things ‎ 需要买许多东西 ‎3. need a new pair of jeans ‎ ‎ 需要一条新的牛仔裤 ‎4. let me buy you a pair of jeans ‎ 让我买给你一条牛仔裤 ‎5. at the shops 在商店 ‎6. buy a computer book for your dad ‎ 为你的爸爸买一本电脑书 楼层在英国的表达方式 ‎ ground floor 一楼 ‎ 1st floor 二楼 ‎ 2nd floor 三楼 ‎ 3rd floor 四楼 ‎ 以此类推 sun n. 太阳 ‎ sunny a. 晴朗的 taste v. 品尝 ‎ tasty a. 美味的=delicious=nice fun n. 乐趣 ‎ funny a. 可笑的 ‎5. need的用法 Unit four ‎1)当need作为情态动词时，后跟动词的原型，need本身无时态变化；‎ ‎ e.g. He need finish his homework.‎ ‎ He need not finish his homework.‎ ‎ Need he finish his homework?‎ ‎2)当need作为实意动词时，后跟to do sth.或名词, need本身有时态变化。‎ ‎ e.g. He needs to finish his homework.‎ He doesn’t need to finish his homework.‎ ‎ He needs some money.‎ ‎ He doesn’t need any money.‎ ‎ Does he need any money?‎ ‎6. need v. 需要 ‎ necessary a. 必要的 ‎7. information是不可数名词，其他还有：advice，fun 一般将来时 ‎ 表述：将要发生的事情 ‎ 动词结构：will do sth. ‎ ‎ be going to do sth.‎ ‎ 时间标志：tomorrow（明天）, this coming Saturday（这个星期六）, in two days(两天后)，next week（下星期）‎ 重要的词组：‎ tasty food 美味的食物 clothes for kids 童装 We don't need to buy anything there.‎ ‎ =We need not buy anything there.‎ like ‎ would like to do sth. 想做某事 ‎ =want to do sth.‎ ‎ like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 ‎ =enjoy doing sth.‎ ‎ like sth. 喜欢某物 or“或者”通常用在疑问句或否定句中 ‎ one代替前面的单数，ones代替前面的复数 重要的词组：‎ the shirt with the long sleeves 长袖衬衫 the dress with the blue spots 蓝点裙子 the sweater with the V-neck V字领毛线衫 the trousers with the checks 方格裤子 the trousers with the stripes 条纹裤子 ‎------------P25-----------------‎ try on sth. 试穿 ‎ try doing sth. 尝试做某事 ‎ try to do sth. 努力做某事 ‎ e.g. try to learn English ‎ 努力学会英语 ‎ （怀着一定要学会的决心）‎ ‎ try learning English ‎ 试着学习英语 ‎ （试着去学，不一定会学）‎ These jeans are too short to wear.‎ ‎=These jeans are not tall enough to wear.‎ ‎=These jeans are so short that I can't wear them.‎ 一样高 ‎ Tom is as tall as Alice.‎ ‎ =Tom is the same height as Alice.‎ ‎ 一样重 ‎ Tom is as heavy as Alice.‎ ‎ =Tom is the same weight as Alice.‎ ‎ 年龄一样大 ‎ ‎ Tom is as old as Alice.‎ ‎ = Tom is the same age as Alice.‎ ‎ 体积一样大 ‎ The box is as big as that one.‎ ‎=The box is the same size as that one.‎ 反义词：‎ ‎ big大--small小 ‎ tight紧--loose松 ‎ long长--short短 ‎ heavy重--light轻 重要的词组：‎ changing room 更衣室 ‎ （去e加ing）‎ have them in your size ‎ ‎ Unit five ‎1 关键词：‎ ‎1） 连词： although, but, since ‎2） 动词： tell, say, speak, talk ‎3） 形容词： a little, little, few, a few ‎3）重点词组： be good at, be poor at, be hardworking, each other, work hard, be different from, rain heavily , practise doing ‎2 功能：‎ ‎1） 表示转折的含义： Although Jack is not clever, he is hardworking.‎ ‎ 2） 表示关心： A: What’s the matter?‎ ‎ B: I’m not good at maths.‎ ‎3) 用连接词表示两个对比的想法： I’m good at a lot of subjects, but I’m poor at maths.‎ 词组 ‎1, learn…from others           向别人学习…‎ ‎2, long ago                    很久以前 ‎3, give you three wishes= give three wishes to you  满足你三个愿望 ‎4, smile at each other           朝彼此微笑 ‎5, work in the fields             在地里干活 ‎6, earn much                   挣很多钱 ‎7, live happily                  幸福地生活 ‎8, keep us warm in winter           在冬天给我们保暖 ‎9,wish you happiness and health forever      祝你们永远健康幸福 ‎10, a poor farmer called Fred           一个叫Fred 的贫穷的农夫 ‎11, vote for                        表决，投票 ‎12, model students                   模范生 ‎13, give up                          放弃 ‎14, be late for…                       干…迟到 ‎15, pocket money                    零花钱