仁爱版初一英语下册Review of Units 78词句精讲精练 8页

‎ Review of Units 7-8‎ 词句精讲精练 词汇精讲 ‎ ‎1. present ‎（1）present作名词，the present意为“现在；目前”。例如：‎ There is no time like the present. 机不可失，时不再来。‎ ‎（2）present作名词，意为“礼物；赠品”。例如：‎ He often gave his neighbor’s kids little presents. ‎ 他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。 ‎ ‎（3）present作形容词，意为“出席的；在场的”。例如：‎ How many people were present at the meeting? 到会的有多少人? ‎ ‎（4）present作形容词，还意为“现在的；当前的”。例如：‎ I’m not at all satisfied with the present situation. ‎ 我对目前的情况一点都不满意。 ‎ ‎（5）present作及物动词， 意为“赠送；呈献”，后接to/with。例如：‎ They presented him with a bunch of flowers. ‎ 他们献给他一束鲜花。‎ ‎2. enjoy ‎ enjoy 意为“享有；享受；欣赏；喜欢”等，enjoy oneself (enjoy 后接反身代词作宾语)，意为“玩得高兴；过得愉快”，相当于have a good time。例如：‎ They enjoyed themselves last night. ‎ 昨天晚上他们玩得很高兴。‎ We enjoyed ourselves at Jim’s birthday party. ‎ 在吉姆的生日晚会上我们过得很愉快。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎（1）enjoy sth. 意为“喜爱某物”，后面接名词、代词作宾语。例如：‎ ‎ She enjoys oranges very much. 她非常喜欢橘子。‎ ‎（2）enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事，后面接动名词作宾语。例如：‎ ‎ Those girls enjoy playing the piano.‎ ‎ 那些女孩非常喜欢弹钢琴。‎ ‎3. wish ‎ wish作动词，意为“但愿；希望”，与hope同义。一般用于表示“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”，强调主语的主观愿望。例如：‎ ‎ I wish I could see him now, because I miss him very much. ‎ 我希望我现在能见到他，因为我很想念他。‎ ‎【拓展】辨析：hope与wish ‎（1）相同点：表示“想；希望”，宾语可为to do，不能用doing。例如：‎ I hope/wish to visit Guilin. ‎ 我希望去桂林观光。 ‎ ‎（2）不同点：wish后可以跟复合宾语，即wish sb. to do sth.，而hope不能。例如：‎ ‎ I wish you to go. (正) 我希望你去。‎ ‎ I hope you to go. (误) 我希望你去。‎ ‎（3）两者都可接that从句，但是“hope + that从句”表示希望，“wish + that从句”表示愿望，且从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。例如：‎ I hope you’ll be better soon. ‎ 我希望你很快好起来。‎ I wish I were really wealthy. ‎ 但愿我真的富有。‎ ‎（4）wish后可接双宾语。例如：‎ We wish you a happy New Year! ‎ 我们祝你新年快乐！‎ ‎4. forget forget 动词，意为“忘记；遗忘”，作及物动词时意为“忘记”，其后可以直接跟名词作宾语，也可以跟动词不定式或者动名词；作不及物动词时意为“遗忘东西”。它的反义词是 remember，形容词是forgetful。例如：‎ Let’s forget the bad past! ‎ 让我们忘记糟糕的过去吧！‎ ‎ I’ve forgotten about it. ‎ 我已经忘记这件事了。‎ ‎ Don’t forget to bring me an umbrella. ‎ 别忘了给我带把伞。‎ ‎【拓展】forget 和 leave的区别 ‎（1）forget不与表示地点的介词短语连用，只是表示忘记，但不具体表明将某物忘在了什么地方。例如：‎ Once when we were going to Paris, I forgot my passport. ‎ 有一次我们准备去巴黎时，我忘了带护照。‎ ‎（2）leave 常与表示地点的介词短语连用，表示“将某物忘在某地”。例如：‎ I left my key in my office. ‎ 我把钥匙落在办公室了。‎ ‎5. wear / put on wear是及物动词，可用于穿衣、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等，强调状态。例如：‎ I’m going to wear a pair of sunglasses tomorrow.‎ 明天我打算戴一副太阳镜。‎ She is wearing a hat. ‎ 她戴着一顶帽子。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎（1）put on表示穿衣服的动作，其反义词是take off。例如：‎ He quickly put on his shoes and ran out. ‎ 他迅速穿上鞋，跑了出去。‎ ‎（2）have on 和in 都指穿的状态，但have on不用于进行时态；in是介词，可以和表示服装或颜色的名词一起构成介词短语作定语，也可以和be动词连用构成系表结构。例如：‎ He has a red T-shirt on. = He is in a red T-shirt.‎ ‎ 他穿一件红色的T恤衫。‎ The girl in pink is my little sister. ‎ 穿粉色衣服的那个女孩是我的小妹妹。‎ ‎6. had better had better(常简略为’d better)是一固定词组，had better意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点：‎ ‎　　 （1）had better后面必须跟动词原形，构成had better do sth.句型，意为“最好做某事”。‎ ‎【注意】这里的had不能用have来替换。例如：‎ ‎　　 You’d better go to hospital at once.‎ 你最好立即去医院看病。‎ ‎　　 Tom, you’d better go there today.‎ 汤姆，你最好今天去那里。‎ ‎　 （2）主语不论是第几人称，句子不论是什么时态，都要用had better的形式。例如：‎ ‎　　 Now you (he/ we) had better listen to the teacher.‎ 你(他/我们)现在最好听老师讲。‎ ‎（3）had better的否定形式为had better not，构成had better not do sth.句型，意为“最好不要做某事”。例如：‎ You had better not do that stupid thing. ‎ 你最好不要做那样愚蠢的事。‎ ‎7. come out ‎（1）come out是动词词组，意为“出版”。例如：‎ When will his new novel come out? ‎ 他新创作的小说什么时候出版?‎ ‎（2）come out意为“出现”。例如：‎ The moon came out from behind the clouds. ‎ 月亮从云后露出脸来。‎ ‎（3）come out意为“长出；开花”。例如： ‎ The flowers come out. 花开了。 ‎ ‎ 8. arrive arrive意为“到达”，是不及物动词，如果后面接地点副词，如：home, there, here等词，不需要再加介词。后接地点名词时，应加介词in或at。大地方用in，如country, city等；小地方用at，如school, hotel, stop等。例如：‎ They arrived in Beijing yesterday. ‎ 他们昨天到达北京。‎ When you arrive home, please give me a call. ‎ 到家的时候请给我打个电话。‎ ‎【拓展】arrive；get to；reach的辨析：‎ ‎（1）get to 意为“到达……”。其后接表示地点的副词（如here; there; home等）时，介词to要省略。‎ 例如：‎ They’ll get to Beijing at six tonight.　‎ 他们将在今晚六点到达北京。‎ I’ll get there on time. ‎ 我会按时到达那里。‎ ‎（2）reach是及物动词，可以直接加宾语。例如：‎ ‎ I’ll call you as soon as I reach New York. ‎ 我一到达纽约就给你打电话。‎ ‎9. ago＆before ‎（1）ago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”，意思是“距今……以前”，需和过去时或过去进行时连用。before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”，意思是 “距过去某时……以前”，常和完成时连用，尤其在间接引语中，例如：‎ His parents died ten years ago.‎ 他父母十年前都去世了。  ‎ He said that his parents had died ten years before.‎ 他说他父母亲十年前都去世了。   ‎ I have never been there before.‎ 我以前从来没有去过那里。‎ ‎（2）如果不具体表明多少时间以前，只用before不用ago，意为“从前、以前”。before仍以副词的形式置于被修饰语后，常与完成时或者过去时连用。例如：   ‎ Have you seen this film before?   ‎ 你以前看过这部电影吗？‎ He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before.‎ 他问我以前是否去过长城。‎ ‎（3）表示在某一点时间或事件以前时，只用before不用ago，这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这一功能。例如：   ‎ They will come back before six o’clock.‎ 他们将在6点前回来。‎ It is hoped that this will be finished before the year 2019.‎ 希望这件工作将在2019年以前完成。‎ ‎10. busy ‎（1）busy作形容词，意为“忙的；繁忙的”，在句中既作定语，又可作表语。它的反义词是free。例如：‎ Mr. Li is a busy man. 李老师是一个忙人。‎ ‎ I’m very busy today. 今天我特别忙。‎ ‎（2）busy 常用的句式如下：‎ ‎1）be busy with sth.意为“忙于某事”。例如：‎ My mother is busy with her work. ‎ 我的妈妈忙于她的工作。‎ ‎ 2）be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”。例如：‎ We are busy cleaning the room. ‎ 我们正忙于清扫房间。‎ ‎ 词汇精练 ‎ I. 英汉互译。‎ ‎ 1. put on _____________ 2. 应该，最好 ______________‎ ‎ 3. later on _____________ 4. 复苏，复活______________‎ ‎ 5. have a good time_____________ 6. 开花，出版______________‎ ‎ 7. right away 8. 弹钢琴 ‎ ‎ 9. not… any more 10. 为……做准备 ‎ ‎ 11. blow out 12. 熬夜 ‎ ‎ II. 根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确的单词。‎ ‎ 1. December is the t month of the year. ‎ ‎ 2. The children are c Children’s Day in the school hall. ‎ ‎ 3. The s of the box is rectangle. ‎ ‎ 4. I’m (恐怕) you can’t. ‎ ‎ 5. He often climbs m with his friends on Saturday morning. ‎ ‎ 6. —Which s is the hottest in the year?‎ ‎ —It’s summer. ‎ ‎ 7. Fruit and crops are ripe. The farmers are busy （收获）in fall.‎ ‎ 8. C is the biggest and the most important festival in the west on December 25. ‎ ‎ 9. The summer （假期）is coming. The students won’t have lessons. ‎ ‎ 10. Jack took some photos of his family with his new c .‎ ‎ III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎ 1. Look! Jane (fly) a kite.‎ ‎ 2. Jane (play) the guitar for her friends last night.‎ ‎ 3. The weather is quite (wind) in Jinan in fall.‎ ‎ 4. The students are busy (do) some exercises. ‎ ‎ 5. There are four (season) in a year.‎ ‎ 6. The Palace Museum in Beijing is a famous place of (interesting).‎ ‎ 7. Do you enjoy (play) basketball?‎ ‎ 8. He is a (friend) person, so we all like to make friends with him.‎ 参考答案 ‎ I. 英汉互译。‎ ‎ 1. 穿，戴 2. had better 3. 后来 4. come back to life 5. 玩得高兴 ‎ ‎6. come out 7. 立即，马上 8. play the piano 9. 再也（不），（不）再 ‎ ‎10. prepare for/ get ready for 11. 吹灭 12. stay up ‎ ‎ II. 根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确的单词。‎ ‎1. twelfth 2. celebrating 3. shape 4. afraid 5. mountains ‎ ‎6. season 7. harvesting 8. Christmas 9. holiday/ vacation 10. camera ‎ ‎ III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. is flying 2. played 3. windy 4. doing ‎5. seasons 6. interest 7. playing 8. Friendly ‎ IV.参考答案及听力材料。‎ ‎16．Ted 17．East 18．4 /four 19．music 20．farm ‎ 请根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上。‎ ‎ W: Hello．Ted Smith，isn’t it?‎ ‎ M: Yes，that’s right.‎ ‎ W: Can you spell your name?‎ ‎ M: Sure．T-E-D，Ted; S-M-I-T-H，Smith.‎ ‎ W: Right．Well，Ted，could you please tell me about your experiences?‎ ‎ M: Sure．I graduated in 2019．After that I worked as a teacher.‎ ‎ W: Where did you teach?‎ ‎ M: In East Africa.‎ ‎ W: How long were you in East Africa?‎ ‎ M: I was there for almost 4 years.‎ ‎ W: What did you teach?‎ ‎ M: Many things，math，English and music．I enjoyed teaching there.‎ ‎ W: Great．What else did you do there?‎ ‎ M: A lot of things．I also ran the school farm.‎ ‎ W: How interesting! How did you feel about working in Africa?‎ ‎ M: Unforgettable．Helping children there really made me happy.‎ ‎ W: Well… you certainly have had some interesting work experiences．Let’s move on to the next part.‎ 句式精讲 ‎1. Can you sing an English song?‎ ‎（1）“Can +主语+动词原形+……？”可以译为“……会……吗？”。其肯定回答用“Yes, sb. can. ”；否定回答是“No, sb. can’t”。例如：‎ ‎－Can you swim? 你会游泳吗？‎ ‎－Yes, I can. 是的， 我会。‎ ‎－No，I can’t. 不， 我不会。‎ 这个句式的陈述句是: “主语+can / can’t+动词原形+….”。例如：‎ I can play football. 我会踢足球。‎ I can’t play football. 我不会踢足球。‎ 这个句式的特殊疑问句是：“特殊疑问词+can +主语+动词原形+…?”。例如：‎ ‎－What can you do ? 你会做什么？‎ ‎－I can sing and dance. 我会唱歌跳舞。‎ ‎（2）“Can+ I / we+动词原形+…?”表示说话人请求对方的许可，询问“可不可以做某事”。例如：‎ Can you sing me a song? 你能给我唱首歌吗？‎ Can I use your book? 我可以用一下你的书吗？。‎ ‎2. Did you sing a song at the party?‎ 这是一般过去时的一般疑问句，用助动词Did＋主语＋动词原形＋其他？构成。‎ 肯定回答用：Yes, 主语+ did. 否定回答用：No, 主语+didn’t. 例如：‎ ‎－Did you visit your grandparents last weekend? 你上周末去探望你的祖父母了吗？‎ ‎－Yes, we did. 是的，我们去了。‎ ‎－No, we didn’t. 不，我们没有去。‎ ‎3. What’s the matter?‎ ‎ What’s the matter?是用来询问对方出了什么毛病或问题，意为“怎么了”，是医生询问病人病情时的常用语。例如：‎ ‎ －What’s the matter? 你怎么了？‎ ‎ －I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。 ‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎ What’s the matter后可接with sb.，What’s the matter with sb.?意为“某人怎么了？”也可用What’s wrong with sb.?或What’s the trouble with sb.?来表示。例如：‎ ‎ What’s the matter with you? ‎ ‎= What’s wrong with you? ‎ ‎= What’s the trouble with you?‎ 你怎么了？‎ ‎【注意】‎ matter是名词，其前只能加定冠词the；wrong是形容词，前面不需要加任何冠词；trouble名词，前面可加定冠词the，也可加形容词性物主代词。不能说What’s your wrong?和What’s your matter?‎ ‎4. I’d like to visit some places of interest in China.‎ would like意为“想，想要”，相当于want，没有人称和数的变化，would可以和它前面的代词进行缩写。would like有以下用法：‎ ‎（1）would like sth.意为“想要某物”，相当于want sth.。例如：‎ I’d like some apples. ‎ 我想要些苹果。‎ ‎（2）would like to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，相当于want to do sth.。例如：‎ I’d like to drink some water. ‎ 我想喝些水。‎ ‎5. Don’t go to dangerous places.‎ ‎（1）这是一个祈使句，祈使句的肯定形式是以动词原形开头，省略第二人称主语，表示命令、邀请、请求等语气。例如：‎ ‎ Open the door, please! 请打开门。‎ ‎ Come in, please. 请进。‎ ‎（2）祈使句的否定句，一般在句子开头加don’t即可。例如：‎ ‎ Save the document before you turn off the computer.（肯定句）‎ ‎ 关电脑之前保存一下文件。‎ ‎ Don’t forget to save the document before you turn off the computer.（否定句）‎ ‎ 关电脑之前别忘了保存文件。‎ ‎6. How is the weather in winter?‎ 此句型是用来询问天气的句型，类似的还有：What’s the weather like?‎ ‎ 如果要询问某地的天气情况，常用What’s the weather like in…?或How’s the weather in…?其中介词in后跟表示地点的名词。‎ 对这些句型的回答常用“It is…”或“The weather is…”，is后跟描述天气状况的形容词或动词-ing形式，其中描述天气状况的形容词可以是warm; hot; cool; cold等表示冷暖的词，也可以是sunny; rainy; windy; cloudy; snowy等表示天气的词。例如：‎ ‎ －What’s the weather like in Beijing? ‎ 北京的天气怎么样？ ‎ ‎ － It’s cloudy. / It’s cool. / It’s raining. ‎ 多云。/ 凉爽。/ 正在下雨。‎ ‎7. You should visit Dali and Lijiang.‎ should是情态动词，意为“应当，应该”。表示义务、责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化，也不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态；否定形式为should not，缩写为shouldn’t。其主要用法有：‎ ‎（1）表示责任和义务，意为“应该”。例如：‎ ‎ You should take your teacher’s advice. ‎ 你应该听从你老师的建议。‎ ‎ You shouldn’t be late for class. ‎ 你不应该上课迟到。‎ ‎（2）表示推断，意为“可能”。例如： ‎ ‎ The train should have already left. ‎ 火车可能已经离开了。‎ 句式精练 I. 句型转换。‎ ‎ 1. Jane came to school late yesterday morning. (改为否定句)‎ Jane to school late yesterday morning.‎ ‎ 2. My brother can ride a motorbike. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ brother a motorbike?‎ ‎ 3. What’s the matter? (改为同义句)‎ What’s ?‎ ‎ 4. He enjoyed himself at the party. (改为同义句)‎ He at the party.‎ ‎5. It will be cloudy tomorrow. (划线部分提问)‎ ‎ the weather tomorrow? ‎ ‎6. Which season is your favorite? (改为同义句)‎ Which season you like ?‎ ‎ 7. You’d better go to Fuzhou by train. (改为否定句)‎ ‎ You to Fuzhou by train.‎ ‎ 8. I would like to travel to the Spring City.(改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ to travel to the Spring City?‎ II. 根据汉语意思完成句子。‎ ‎ 1. 在康康的生日聚会上，Jane玩得很高兴。‎ ‎ At Kangkang’s birthday party, Jane .‎ ‎ 2. 在周日，我们通常呆在家里。‎ ‎ We usually _____ _______ ______ on Sundays.‎ ‎ 3. 我正在打算参观一些名胜。‎ ‎ I am planning to visit some .‎ ‎ 4. 他们每年圣诞节时聚会一次。‎ ‎ They once a year at Christmas time. ‎ ‎ 5. 他忙着准备考试。 ‎ ‎ He was busy the exam.‎ ‎ 6. 熬夜对健康有害。‎ ‎ It’s bad for your health to . ‎ ‎ 7. 我们敲别人家的门是为了要得到糖果。‎ ‎ We people’s doors to ask for candies.‎ ‎ 8. 你最好远离我的朋友们。‎ ‎ You’d better my friends.‎ III. 补全对话(从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话，有两项多余)。‎ A. Because in spring everything comes back to life. This is a hopeful season. B. By the way, what’s your favorite season?‎ C. How many seasons are there in a year?‎ D. I think I like spring best.‎ E. The trees turn green and the flowers come out. What a beautiful season!‎ F. How do you do?‎ G. Because the weather is cool. Fruit and crops are ripe. This is a harvest season and I can often fly a kite. ‎ Maria: Jane, which season do you like best in a year?‎ Jane: 1 ‎ Maria: Why?‎ Jane: 2 ‎ Maria: Yes, I think so. 3 ‎ Jane: Yeah! 4 ‎ Maria: Fall is my favorite season.‎ Jane: Why ?‎ Maria: 5 ‎ ‎1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ ‎ IV.阅读短文，然后用短文括号中所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎（2019 沈阳中考）‎ Today I took part in a quiz show at a TV studio. When I arrived at 1 (eighth) o’clock, a woman put make-up on my face, and brushed my hair.‎ Then the director came. He told me to stay 2 (relax) and not to worry. It was really kind of him to do that. The hot lights shone down upon 3 (we). One of the contestants passed out before the show started, so the director 4 (choose) another girl. The girl was called Angela. She knew a lot of 5 (thing). She beat me and another contestant and finally won the prize. Everyone was happy for Angela.‎ I was sorry I didn’t win, but I’ll do 6 (well) next time.‎ 参考答案 Ⅰ. 句型转换。‎ ‎1. didn’t come 2. Can you; ride 3. wrong 4. had a good time ‎ ‎5. What’s; like 6. do; best 7. had better not go 8. Would you like Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子。 ‎ ‎1. had a good time 2. stay at home 3. places of interest 4. get together ‎ ‎5. preparing for 6. stay up 7. knock on 8. keep away from ‎ III. 补全对话(从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话，有两项多余)。‎ ‎1—5：D A E B G IV.阅读短文，然后用短文括号中所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. eight 2. relaxed 3. us 4. chose 5. things 6. better