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仁爱版初一英语下册Review of Units 78词句精讲精练

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‎ Review of Units 7-8‎ 词句精讲精练 词汇精讲 ‎ ‎1. present ‎(1)present作名词,the present意为“现在;目前”。例如:‎ There is no time like the present. 机不可失,时不再来。‎ ‎(2)present作名词,意为“礼物;赠品”。例如:‎ He often gave his neighbor’s kids little presents. ‎ 他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。 ‎ ‎(3)present作形容词,意为“出席的;在场的”。例如:‎ How many people were present at the meeting? 到会的有多少人? ‎ ‎(4)present作形容词,还意为“现在的;当前的”。例如:‎ I’m not at all satisfied with the present situation. ‎ 我对目前的情况一点都不满意。 ‎ ‎(5)present作及物动词, 意为“赠送;呈献”,后接to/with。例如:‎ They presented him with a bunch of flowers. ‎ 他们献给他一束鲜花。‎ ‎2. enjoy ‎ enjoy 意为“享有;享受;欣赏;喜欢”等,enjoy oneself (enjoy 后接反身代词作宾语),意为“玩得高兴;过得愉快”,相当于have a good time。例如:‎ They enjoyed themselves last night. ‎ 昨天晚上他们玩得很高兴。‎ We enjoyed ourselves at Jim’s birthday party. ‎ 在吉姆的生日晚会上我们过得很愉快。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎(1)enjoy sth. 意为“喜爱某物”,后面接名词、代词作宾语。例如:‎ ‎ She enjoys oranges very much. 她非常喜欢橘子。‎ ‎(2)enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事,后面接动名词作宾语。例如:‎ ‎ Those girls enjoy playing the piano.‎ ‎ 那些女孩非常喜欢弹钢琴。‎ ‎3. wish ‎ wish作动词,意为“但愿;希望”,与hope同义。一般用于表示“难以实现或不可能实现的愿望”,强调主语的主观愿望。例如:‎ ‎ I wish I could see him now, because I miss him very much. ‎ 我希望我现在能见到他,因为我很想念他。‎ ‎【拓展】辨析:hope与wish ‎(1)相同点:表示“想;希望”,宾语可为to do,不能用doing。例如:‎ I hope/wish to visit Guilin. ‎ 我希望去桂林观光。 ‎ ‎(2)不同点:wish后可以跟复合宾语,即wish sb. to do sth.,而hope不能。例如:‎ ‎ I wish you to go. (正) 我希望你去。‎ ‎ I hope you to go. (误) 我希望你去。‎ ‎(3)两者都可接that从句,但是“hope + that从句”表示希望,“wish + that从句”表示愿望,且从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气。例如:‎ I hope you’ll be better soon. ‎ 我希望你很快好起来。‎ I wish I were really wealthy. ‎ 但愿我真的富有。‎ ‎(4)wish后可接双宾语。例如:‎ We wish you a happy New Year! ‎ 我们祝你新年快乐!‎ ‎4. forget forget 动词,意为“忘记;遗忘”,作及物动词时意为“忘记”,其后可以直接跟名词作宾语,也可以跟动词不定式或者动名词;作不及物动词时意为“遗忘东西”。它的反义词是 remember,形容词是forgetful。例如:‎ Let’s forget the bad past! ‎ 让我们忘记糟糕的过去吧!‎ ‎ I’ve forgotten about it. ‎ 我已经忘记这件事了。‎ ‎ Don’t forget to bring me an umbrella. ‎ 别忘了给我带把伞。‎ ‎【拓展】forget 和 leave的区别 ‎(1)forget不与表示地点的介词短语连用,只是表示忘记,但不具体表明将某物忘在了什么地方。例如:‎ Once when we were going to Paris, I forgot my passport. ‎ 有一次我们准备去巴黎时,我忘了带护照。‎ ‎(2)leave 常与表示地点的介词短语连用,表示“将某物忘在某地”。例如:‎ I left my key in my office. ‎ 我把钥匙落在办公室了。‎ ‎5. wear / put on wear是及物动词,可用于穿衣、穿鞋、戴帽子、戴手套、佩戴首饰等,强调状态。例如:‎ I’m going to wear a pair of sunglasses tomorrow.‎ 明天我打算戴一副太阳镜。‎ She is wearing a hat. ‎ 她戴着一顶帽子。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎(1)put on表示穿衣服的动作,其反义词是take off。例如:‎ He quickly put on his shoes and ran out. ‎ 他迅速穿上鞋,跑了出去。‎ ‎(2)have on 和in 都指穿的状态,但have on不用于进行时态;in是介词,可以和表示服装或颜色的名词一起构成介词短语作定语,也可以和be动词连用构成系表结构。例如:‎ He has a red T-shirt on. = He is in a red T-shirt.‎ ‎ 他穿一件红色的T恤衫。‎ The girl in pink is my little sister. ‎ 穿粉色衣服的那个女孩是我的小妹妹。‎ ‎6. had better had better(常简略为’d better)是一固定词组,had better意为“最好”,用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点:‎ ‎   (1)had better后面必须跟动词原形,构成had better do sth.句型,意为“最好做某事”。‎ ‎【注意】这里的had不能用have来替换。例如:‎ ‎   You’d better go to hospital at once.‎ 你最好立即去医院看病。‎ ‎   Tom, you’d better go there today.‎ 汤姆,你最好今天去那里。‎ ‎  (2)主语不论是第几人称,句子不论是什么时态,都要用had better的形式。例如:‎ ‎   Now you (he/ we) had better listen to the teacher.‎ 你(他/我们)现在最好听老师讲。‎ ‎(3)had better的否定形式为had better not,构成had better not do sth.句型,意为“最好不要做某事”。例如:‎ You had better not do that stupid thing. ‎ 你最好不要做那样愚蠢的事。‎ ‎7. come out ‎(1)come out是动词词组,意为“出版”。例如:‎ When will his new novel come out? ‎ 他新创作的小说什么时候出版?‎ ‎(2)come out意为“出现”。例如:‎ The moon came out from behind the clouds. ‎ 月亮从云后露出脸来。‎ ‎(3)come out意为“长出;开花”。例如: ‎ The flowers come out. 花开了。 ‎ ‎ 8. arrive arrive意为“到达”,是不及物动词,如果后面接地点副词,如:home, there, here等词,不需要再加介词。后接地点名词时,应加介词in或at。大地方用in,如country, city等;小地方用at,如school, hotel, stop等。例如:‎ They arrived in Beijing yesterday. ‎ 他们昨天到达北京。‎ When you arrive home, please give me a call. ‎ 到家的时候请给我打个电话。‎ ‎【拓展】arrive;get to;reach的辨析:‎ ‎(1)get to 意为“到达……”。其后接表示地点的副词(如here; there; home等)时,介词to要省略。‎ 例如:‎ They’ll get to Beijing at six tonight. ‎ 他们将在今晚六点到达北京。‎ I’ll get there on time. ‎ 我会按时到达那里。‎ ‎(2)reach是及物动词,可以直接加宾语。例如:‎ ‎ I’ll call you as soon as I reach New York. ‎ 我一到达纽约就给你打电话。‎ ‎9. ago&before ‎(1)ago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”,意思是“距今……以前”,需和过去时或过去进行时连用。before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”,意思是 “距过去某时……以前”,常和完成时连用,尤其在间接引语中,例如:‎ His parents died ten years ago.‎ 他父母十年前都去世了。  ‎ He said that his parents had died ten years before.‎ 他说他父母亲十年前都去世了。   ‎ I have never been there before.‎ 我以前从来没有去过那里。‎ ‎(2)如果不具体表明多少时间以前,只用before不用ago,意为“从前、以前”。before仍以副词的形式置于被修饰语后,常与完成时或者过去时连用。例如:   ‎ Have you seen this film before?   ‎ 你以前看过这部电影吗?‎ He asked me whether I had been to the Great Wall before.‎ 他问我以前是否去过长城。‎ ‎(3)表示在某一点时间或事件以前时,只用before不用ago,这种用法是将before当作介词或连词使用。ago不具有这一功能。例如:   ‎ They will come back before six o’clock.‎ 他们将在6点前回来。‎ It is hoped that this will be finished before the year 2019.‎ 希望这件工作将在2019年以前完成。‎ ‎10. busy ‎(1)busy作形容词,意为“忙的;繁忙的”,在句中既作定语,又可作表语。它的反义词是free。例如:‎ Mr. Li is a busy man. 李老师是一个忙人。‎ ‎ I’m very busy today. 今天我特别忙。‎ ‎(2)busy 常用的句式如下:‎ ‎1)be busy with sth.意为“忙于某事”。例如:‎ My mother is busy with her work. ‎ 我的妈妈忙于她的工作。‎ ‎ 2)be busy doing sth. 意为“忙于做某事”。例如:‎ We are busy cleaning the room. ‎ 我们正忙于清扫房间。‎ ‎ 词汇精练 ‎ I. 英汉互译。‎ ‎ 1. put on _____________ 2. 应该,最好 ______________‎ ‎ 3. later on _____________ 4. 复苏,复活______________‎ ‎ 5. have a good time_____________ 6. 开花,出版______________‎ ‎ 7. right away 8. 弹钢琴 ‎ ‎ 9. not… any more 10. 为……做准备 ‎ ‎ 11. blow out 12. 熬夜 ‎ ‎ II. 根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确的单词。‎ ‎ 1. December is the t month of the year. ‎ ‎ 2. The children are c Children’s Day in the school hall. ‎ ‎ 3. The s of the box is rectangle. ‎ ‎ 4. I’m (恐怕) you can’t. ‎ ‎ 5. He often climbs m with his friends on Saturday morning. ‎ ‎ 6. —Which s is the hottest in the year?‎ ‎ —It’s summer. ‎ ‎ 7. Fruit and crops are ripe. The farmers are busy (收获)in fall.‎ ‎ 8. C is the biggest and the most important festival in the west on December 25. ‎ ‎ 9. The summer (假期)is coming. The students won’t have lessons. ‎ ‎ 10. Jack took some photos of his family with his new c .‎ ‎ III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎ 1. Look! Jane (fly) a kite.‎ ‎ 2. Jane (play) the guitar for her friends last night.‎ ‎ 3. The weather is quite (wind) in Jinan in fall.‎ ‎ 4. The students are busy (do) some exercises. ‎ ‎ 5. There are four (season) in a year.‎ ‎ 6. The Palace Museum in Beijing is a famous place of (interesting).‎ ‎ 7. Do you enjoy (play) basketball?‎ ‎ 8. He is a (friend) person, so we all like to make friends with him.‎ 参考答案 ‎ I. 英汉互译。‎ ‎ 1. 穿,戴 2. had better 3. 后来 4. come back to life 5. 玩得高兴 ‎ ‎6. come out 7. 立即,马上 8. play the piano 9. 再也(不),(不)再 ‎ ‎10. prepare for/ get ready for 11. 吹灭 12. stay up ‎ ‎ II. 根据首字母或汉语提示写出正确的单词。‎ ‎1. twelfth 2. celebrating 3. shape 4. afraid 5. mountains ‎ ‎6. season 7. harvesting 8. Christmas 9. holiday/ vacation 10. camera ‎ ‎ III. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. is flying 2. played 3. windy 4. doing ‎5. seasons 6. interest 7. playing 8. Friendly ‎ IV.参考答案及听力材料。‎ ‎16.Ted 17.East 18.4 /four 19.music 20.farm ‎ 请根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语,将所缺的关键信息填写在相应位置上。‎ ‎ W: Hello.Ted Smith,isn’t it?‎ ‎ M: Yes,that’s right.‎ ‎ W: Can you spell your name?‎ ‎ M: Sure.T-E-D,Ted; S-M-I-T-H,Smith.‎ ‎ W: Right.Well,Ted,could you please tell me about your experiences?‎ ‎ M: Sure.I graduated in 2019.After that I worked as a teacher.‎ ‎ W: Where did you teach?‎ ‎ M: In East Africa.‎ ‎ W: How long were you in East Africa?‎ ‎ M: I was there for almost 4 years.‎ ‎ W: What did you teach?‎ ‎ M: Many things,math,English and music.I enjoyed teaching there.‎ ‎ W: Great.What else did you do there?‎ ‎ M: A lot of things.I also ran the school farm.‎ ‎ W: How interesting! How did you feel about working in Africa?‎ ‎ M: Unforgettable.Helping children there really made me happy.‎ ‎ W: Well… you certainly have had some interesting work experiences.Let’s move on to the next part.‎ 句式精讲 ‎1. Can you sing an English song?‎ ‎(1)“Can +主语+动词原形+……?”可以译为“……会……吗?”。其肯定回答用“Yes, sb. can. ”;否定回答是“No, sb. can’t”。例如:‎ ‎-Can you swim? 你会游泳吗?‎ ‎-Yes, I can. 是的, 我会。‎ ‎-No,I can’t. 不, 我不会。‎ 这个句式的陈述句是: “主语+can / can’t+动词原形+….”。例如:‎ I can play football. 我会踢足球。‎ I can’t play football. 我不会踢足球。‎ 这个句式的特殊疑问句是:“特殊疑问词+can +主语+动词原形+…?”。例如:‎ ‎-What can you do ? 你会做什么?‎ ‎-I can sing and dance. 我会唱歌跳舞。‎ ‎(2)“Can+ I / we+动词原形+…?”表示说话人请求对方的许可,询问“可不可以做某事”。例如:‎ Can you sing me a song? 你能给我唱首歌吗?‎ Can I use your book? 我可以用一下你的书吗?。‎ ‎2. Did you sing a song at the party?‎ 这是一般过去时的一般疑问句,用助动词Did+主语+动词原形+其他?构成。‎ 肯定回答用:Yes, 主语+ did. 否定回答用:No, 主语+didn’t. 例如:‎ ‎-Did you visit your grandparents last weekend? 你上周末去探望你的祖父母了吗?‎ ‎-Yes, we did. 是的,我们去了。‎ ‎-No, we didn’t. 不,我们没有去。‎ ‎3. What’s the matter?‎ ‎ What’s the matter?是用来询问对方出了什么毛病或问题,意为“怎么了”,是医生询问病人病情时的常用语。例如:‎ ‎ -What’s the matter? 你怎么了?‎ ‎ -I have a stomachache. 我胃疼。 ‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎ What’s the matter后可接with sb.,What’s the matter with sb.?意为“某人怎么了?”也可用What’s wrong with sb.?或What’s the trouble with sb.?来表示。例如:‎ ‎ What’s the matter with you? ‎ ‎= What’s wrong with you? ‎ ‎= What’s the trouble with you?‎ 你怎么了?‎ ‎【注意】‎ matter是名词,其前只能加定冠词the;wrong是形容词,前面不需要加任何冠词;trouble名词,前面可加定冠词the,也可加形容词性物主代词。不能说What’s your wrong?和What’s your matter?‎ ‎4. I’d like to visit some places of interest in China.‎ would like意为“想,想要”,相当于want,没有人称和数的变化,would可以和它前面的代词进行缩写。would like有以下用法:‎ ‎(1)would like sth.意为“想要某物”,相当于want sth.。例如:‎ I’d like some apples. ‎ 我想要些苹果。‎ ‎(2)would like to do sth.意为“想要做某事”,相当于want to do sth.。例如:‎ I’d like to drink some water. ‎ 我想喝些水。‎ ‎5. Don’t go to dangerous places.‎ ‎(1)这是一个祈使句,祈使句的肯定形式是以动词原形开头,省略第二人称主语,表示命令、邀请、请求等语气。例如:‎ ‎ Open the door, please! 请打开门。‎ ‎ Come in, please. 请进。‎ ‎(2)祈使句的否定句,一般在句子开头加don’t即可。例如:‎ ‎ Save the document before you turn off the computer.(肯定句)‎ ‎ 关电脑之前保存一下文件。‎ ‎ Don’t forget to save the document before you turn off the computer.(否定句)‎ ‎ 关电脑之前别忘了保存文件。‎ ‎6. How is the weather in winter?‎ 此句型是用来询问天气的句型,类似的还有:What’s the weather like?‎ ‎ 如果要询问某地的天气情况,常用What’s the weather like in…?或How’s the weather in…?其中介词in后跟表示地点的名词。‎ 对这些句型的回答常用“It is…”或“The weather is…”,is后跟描述天气状况的形容词或动词-ing形式,其中描述天气状况的形容词可以是warm; hot; cool; cold等表示冷暖的词,也可以是sunny; rainy; windy; cloudy; snowy等表示天气的词。例如:‎ ‎ -What’s the weather like in Beijing? ‎ 北京的天气怎么样? ‎ ‎ - It’s cloudy. / It’s cool. / It’s raining. ‎ 多云。/ 凉爽。/ 正在下雨。‎ ‎7. You should visit Dali and Lijiang.‎ should是情态动词,意为“应当,应该”。表示义务、责任,可用于各种人称,无人称和数的变化,也不能单独作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语,表示说话人的语气和情态;否定形式为should not,缩写为shouldn’t。其主要用法有:‎ ‎(1)表示责任和义务,意为“应该”。例如:‎ ‎ You should take your teacher’s advice. ‎ 你应该听从你老师的建议。‎ ‎ You shouldn’t be late for class. ‎ 你不应该上课迟到。‎ ‎(2)表示推断,意为“可能”。例如: ‎ ‎ The train should have already left. ‎ 火车可能已经离开了。‎ 句式精练 I. 句型转换。‎ ‎ 1. Jane came to school late yesterday morning. (改为否定句)‎ Jane to school late yesterday morning.‎ ‎ 2. My brother can ride a motorbike. (改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ brother a motorbike?‎ ‎ 3. What’s the matter? (改为同义句)‎ What’s ?‎ ‎ 4. He enjoyed himself at the party. (改为同义句)‎ He at the party.‎ ‎5. It will be cloudy tomorrow. (划线部分提问)‎ ‎ the weather tomorrow? ‎ ‎6. Which season is your favorite? (改为同义句)‎ Which season you like ?‎ ‎ 7. You’d better go to Fuzhou by train. (改为否定句)‎ ‎ You to Fuzhou by train.‎ ‎ 8. I would like to travel to the Spring City.(改为一般疑问句)‎ ‎ to travel to the Spring City?‎ II. 根据汉语意思完成句子。‎ ‎ 1. 在康康的生日聚会上,Jane玩得很高兴。‎ ‎ At Kangkang’s birthday party, Jane .‎ ‎ 2. 在周日,我们通常呆在家里。‎ ‎ We usually _____ _______ ______ on Sundays.‎ ‎ 3. 我正在打算参观一些名胜。‎ ‎ I am planning to visit some .‎ ‎ 4. 他们每年圣诞节时聚会一次。‎ ‎ They once a year at Christmas time. ‎ ‎ 5. 他忙着准备考试。 ‎ ‎ He was busy the exam.‎ ‎ 6. 熬夜对健康有害。‎ ‎ It’s bad for your health to . ‎ ‎ 7. 我们敲别人家的门是为了要得到糖果。‎ ‎ We people’s doors to ask for candies.‎ ‎ 8. 你最好远离我的朋友们。‎ ‎ You’d better my friends.‎ III. 补全对话(从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话,有两项多余)。‎ A. Because in spring everything comes back to life. This is a hopeful season. B. By the way, what’s your favorite season?‎ C. How many seasons are there in a year?‎ D. I think I like spring best.‎ E. The trees turn green and the flowers come out. What a beautiful season!‎ F. How do you do?‎ G. Because the weather is cool. Fruit and crops are ripe. This is a harvest season and I can often fly a kite. ‎ Maria: Jane, which season do you like best in a year?‎ Jane: 1 ‎ Maria: Why?‎ Jane: 2 ‎ Maria: Yes, I think so. 3 ‎ Jane: Yeah! 4 ‎ Maria: Fall is my favorite season.‎ Jane: Why ?‎ Maria: 5 ‎ ‎1._____ 2._____ 3._____ 4._____ 5._____ ‎ IV.阅读短文,然后用短文括号中所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎(2019 沈阳中考)‎ Today I took part in a quiz show at a TV studio. When I arrived at 1 (eighth) o’clock, a woman put make-up on my face, and brushed my hair.‎ Then the director came. He told me to stay 2 (relax) and not to worry. It was really kind of him to do that. The hot lights shone down upon 3 (we). One of the contestants passed out before the show started, so the director 4 (choose) another girl. The girl was called Angela. She knew a lot of 5 (thing). She beat me and another contestant and finally won the prize. Everyone was happy for Angela.‎ I was sorry I didn’t win, but I’ll do 6 (well) next time.‎ 参考答案 Ⅰ. 句型转换。‎ ‎1. didn’t come 2. Can you; ride 3. wrong 4. had a good time ‎ ‎5. What’s; like 6. do; best 7. had better not go 8. Would you like Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子。 ‎ ‎1. had a good time 2. stay at home 3. places of interest 4. get together ‎ ‎5. preparing for 6. stay up 7. knock on 8. keep away from ‎ III. 补全对话(从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话,有两项多余)。‎ ‎1—5:D A E B G IV.阅读短文,然后用短文括号中所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. eight 2. relaxed 3. us 4. chose 5. things 6. better