2020年八年级英语上册形容词副词级别变化之最高级讲义（新版）人教新目标版 10页

形容词副词级别变化之最高级 (讲义)‎ 最高级概念 1. A: 120 yuan B: 180 yuan C: 300 yuan C is the most expensive of the three. A is the cheapest of the three.‎ 2. snail: ‎8.5 m/h lion: ‎60 km/h cheetah: ‎‎110 km/h The cheetah runs (the) fastest of the three. The snail runs (the) slowest of the three.‎ 3. ‎2014 年 5 月‎ 29 日各城市最高气温 Guangzhou: ‎34℃‎ Shanghai: ‎34℃‎ Zhengzhou: ‎39℃‎ Chengdu: ‎‎30℃‎ The temperature in Zhengzhou is the highest of the four. The temperature in Chengdu is the lowest of the four.‎ 4. 中国长河排名 Changjiang: ‎‎6300m the Yellow River: ‎5464m Heilongjiang: ‎‎4350m Changjiang is the longest river in China.‎ 5. 某次测试班级前三名和后三名Linda: 89 Sam: 91 Kate: 100 Cindy: 65 Jack: 63 Tom: 60‎ Kate did (the) best in the test in her class. Tom did (the) worst in the test in his class.‎ 最高级：表示三者或三者以上(人或事物)的比较，其中一个在某一 方面超过其他几个，后面可用 of (in) 短语等来说明比较的范围。判断下列哪些描述属于最高级，在其后括号内打“√”‎ 王英是我们班最高的。 ( )‎ 三班学生比我们班学生活泼。 ( )‎ 珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰。 ( )‎ 你知道世界上最长河在哪个国家吗？ ( )‎ 9‎ 最高级构成 ‎①一般情况下，直接在词尾加-est 9‎ warm quiet high few ‎ ‎long slow short clear ‎ 9‎ ‎②以字母 e 结尾的，去 e 加-est 9‎ wide ‎ nice ‎ late ‎ ‎fine large brave ‎ 9‎ ‎③重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-est 9‎ wet ‎ red ‎ sad ‎ ‎big ‎ hot ‎ thin ‎ 9‎ ‎④以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加-est 9‎ busy ‎ easy ‎ dry ‎ ‎funny early hungry ‎ 9‎ ‎⑤部分双音节词以及多音节词，在词前加 most(最„„)‎ 9‎ serious ‎ athletic outgoing ‎ ‎talented important careful ‎ 9‎ ‎⑥以动词+ed 或+ing 构成的形容词，在词前加 most(最„„)‎ 9‎ bored boring tired tiring ‎ ‎interested interesting surprised surprising ‎ 9‎ ‎⑦以形容词+ly 构成的副词，在词前加 most(最„„)‎ 9‎ quickly slowly luckily ‎ ‎⑧不规则变化的形容词副词 good & well bad & badly ‎ ‎quietly happily easily ‎ little far ‎ 9‎ many & much old ‎ 9‎ 练一练 根据变化规则写出下列形容词、副词的最高级形式 9‎ pretty ‎ ‎tall ‎ ‎lucky ‎ 9‎ difficult expensive able ‎ 9‎ happy much young near white quietly ‎ 最高级用法 ‎few lazy old slim ‎ exciting ‎ ‎cheap far cool cute dirty ‎ 9‎ ‎①表示三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时，用最高级形式。‎ ‎ 最高级前常加定冠词 the， 最高级前的 the 可以省去。‎ Jim is the tallest student in his class.‎ Mr. Green is the oldest man in his village.‎ Of the three children, he plays the basketball (the) best. He runs (the) fastest of all.‎ 注意：句末常跟一个 in/of 短语来表示范围。‎ in 后面一般接表示单位或场所的名词 of 后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词 ‎②表示在三者或三者以上的人或事物中进行选择时，用 ‎ ‎“Which/Who 等 + 动词 + 最高级，A, B or C?”结构。Which subject do you like (the) best, math, English or Chinese? Which city is the most beautiful, Beijing, Shanghai or Fuzhou? Who gets the highest point, Li Ming, Jimmy or Jack?‎ Who can speak English (the) most fluently (流利地), Lily, Lucy or Jane?‎ Who runs (the) fastest, Jack, Jim, John or Jane?‎ ‎③形容词最高级前面可以有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰，此时不能再用定冠词。‎ Jane is my best friend.‎ This is his most unforgettable experience. That is my mother’s most expensive bag. That largest pair of shoes is Liu Ming’s.‎ 9‎ 三级别对比 词形 比较对象 常见句型 同级 比较级 最高级 判断下列表达是用同级、比较级还是最高级你知道你们班谁英语说得最棒吗？ ( ) 我认为乡村比城市漂亮多了。 ( ) 事实上，他不如你想象的好。 ( ) 她是他们家最年幼的。 ( )‎ 做比说难多了。 ( )‎ 今天跟昨天一样热。 ( )‎ 这是我读过的最有意思的书了。 ( )‎ Exercises 一、选择题 ‎( )1. Mary is the youngest the three girls.‎ A. in B. of C. than D. as ( )2. Andy is of the three.‎ A. funniest B. the funnier C. the most funny D. the funniest ‎( )3. Of all the students, Li Ming is to Mr. Wang.‎ A. close B. closer C. the closest D. the most closest ( )4. February has days in a year.‎ A. few B. the fewest C. the least D. little ( )5. Liu Wei’s home is away from school in our class.‎ A. farther B. far C. the farthest D. near B. 9‎ ‎( )6. The three shirts were all nice. But John didn’t have too much money, so he bought .‎ A. a cheaper B. the nicer one C. the cheapest one D. the most expensive ( )7. —Wow, your school is great!‎ ‎—It is beautiful school in the city.‎ A. more B. much more C. the most D. most ‎( )8. —Which country has population (人口) now, China, America or India?‎ ‎—America, of course.‎ A. the largest B. the smallest C. larger D. smaller ‎( )9. Which subject is , English, physics or chemistry?‎ A. very interesting B. most interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting ( )10. —Which is , the sun, the earth or the moon?‎ ‎—Of course the sun is.‎ A. smaller B. the smallest C. bigger D. the biggest ( )11. We all wore our clothes last Sunday.‎ A. smarter B. smartest C. the most smartest D. the smartest ‎( )12. Breakfast is meal of the day. It provides (提供) us with energy after a long night without food.‎ A. important B. more important C. the most important D. very important ‎( )13. Lily has four . Mrs. Black is of the four.‎ A. women teachers; the tallest B. women teacher; the tallest C. women teachers; the taller D. women teacher; most tall ‎( )14. Mr. Yang often talks , but does . So his friends all like him.‎ A. little; many B. few; much C. less; more D. more; less ‎( )15. He is a very student. He does in math in our class.‎ 9‎ A. careful; careful B. careful; most carefully C. most careful; most carefully D. carefully; careful 二、用括号内词的适当形式填空 16. We went to the (bad) restaurant in town last night. The menu had only 10 dishes and the service was not good at all!‎ 17. Blue Moon is (good), but Miller’s is (good) in town.‎ 18. The Big Screen is (expensive) than most cinemas, but Cinema City is (expensive).‎ 19. Li Hua works (hard). His elder sister works even ‎ (hard) than him. And their eldest sister works ‎ (hard) of them.‎ 20. Johnny Depp acted the (good) in that movie. He’s much ‎ (good) than other actors at finding the (interesting) roles.‎ 三、翻译下列句子 21. 长江是中国最长的河。‎ 22. 新疆是中国最大的省份(province)。‎ 23. 珠穆朗玛峰(Qomolangma)是世界最高的山峰。‎ 24. 在他班里，Tom 跑得最快。‎ 25. 在所有学生中，Linda 学得最认真。‎ 26. 在所有学科中，Lucy 英语学得最好。‎ 27. 澳大利亚比中国小一点。‎ 28. ‎—How can I speak English (与你一样好), Rose?‎ ‎—Practice makes perfect.‎ 29. 这个 MP4 虽然便宜，但是和其它几个质量一样好。‎ 30. 9‎ This MP4 is the , but it is as as others.‎ 16. The quickest way to make friends is to smile.‎ 17. Actions speak louder than words.‎ 18. The shortest answer is doing.‎ 19. The one who laughs last laughs best.‎ 20. Better late than never.‎ 21. One bird in hand is better than two birds in bush.‎ 9‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ 最高级概念 王英是我们班最高的。 ( √ )‎ 三班学生比我们班学生活泼。 ( )‎ 珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰。 ( √ )你知道世界上最长河在哪个国家吗？ ( √ ) 最高级构成 ‎①一般情况下，直接在词尾加-est warmest quietest highest fewest longest slowest shortest clearest ‎②以字母 e 结尾的，去 e 加-est widest nicest latest finest largest bravest ‎③重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再加-est wettest reddest saddest biggest hottest thinnest ‎④以“辅音字母 + y”结尾，变“y”为“i”，再加-est busiest easiest driest funniest earliest hungriest ‎⑤部分双音节词以及多音节词，在词前加 most(最„„) most serious most athletic most outgoing most talented most important most careful ‎⑥以动词+ed 或+ing 构成的形容词，在词前加 most (最„„) most bored most boring most tired most tiring most interested most interesting most surprised most surprising ‎⑦以形容词+ly 构成的副词，在词前加 most (最„„)‎ most quickly most slowly most luckily most quietly most happily most easily ‎⑧不规则变化的形容词副词 best worst most least farthest/furthest oldest/eldest 9‎ 根据变化规则写出下列形容词、副词的最高级形式 9‎ prettiest most difficult happiest most youngest nearest whitest most quietly 最高级用法形容词；副词三级别对比 ‎tallest most expensive fewest laziest oldest/eldest slimmest most exciting luckiest ‎ablest cheapest farthest/furthest coolest cutest dirtiest 9‎ 词形 比较对象 常见句型 同级 形容词副词原形 两者且一致 as…as…‎ not as/so…as…‎ 比较级 形容词副词-er more + 原形 两者且一致 比较级+than+…‎ 最高级 形容词副词-est most + 原形 三者或三者以上且一致 ‎(the) 最高级+of/in 判断下列表达是用同级、比较级还是最高级你知道你们班谁英语说的最棒吗？ ( 最 ) 我认为乡村比城市漂亮多了。 ( 比 ) 事实上，他不如你想象的好。 (同、比)她是他们家最年幼的。 ( 最 )‎ 做比说难多了。 ( 比 )‎ 今天跟昨天一样热。 ( 同 )这是我读过的最有意思的书了。 ( 最 ) Exercises ‎1-5 BDCBC 6-10 CCBDD 11-15 BCACB ‎16.worst 17.good; the best 18. more expensive; the most expensive 19. 9‎ 18. hard; harder; (the) hardest 20.best; better; most interesting ‎21.Changjiang is the longest river in China. 22.Xinjiang is the biggest province in China. 23.Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. 24.Tom runs (the) fastest in his class.‎ ‎25.Linda studies (the) most carefully of all the students. 26.Lucy does (the) best in English of all the subjects.‎ ‎27.Austrilia is a little smaller than China. 28.as well as you ‎29.cheapest; good ‎30.交友最快的方式是微笑。‎ ‎31.行胜于言。‎ ‎32.最简单的答案就是做。‎ ‎33.笑到最后，笑得最好。‎ ‎34.亡羊补牢，为时未晚 ‎35.两鸟在林不如一鸟在手。(握在手里的才是最有保障的。)‎