八年级上英语课件授课课件_牛津译林版 42页

The monkey has more bananas than the beer, and the rabbit has the least banana. least adj. 最少的　adv. 最小1 eg： He has the least juice of all. 在所有人中，他的果汁最少。 least是little的最高级，little的比较级为less。 at least意为“至少，最少”，其反义短语at most 意为“最多，至多”。 eg： The coat costs at least 200 yuan. 这件外套至少花200元。 典例 If you want to be thinner and healthier, you should eat _______ food and take _______ exercise. A. more; fewer B. more; less C. fewer; more D. less; more D 【点拨】本题用句意理解法。句意：假如你想更瘦更 健康，你应当吃更少的食物，进行更多的运动。food 和exercise在此处都是不可数名词。 further adv. 较远，更远，是far的比较级。2 辨析：farther与further farther与further都是far的比较级。 词条 含义及用法 示例 farther 一般用于表示距离或时间 上“较远，更远”。 I can't go any farther. 我再也走不动了。 further, 除了表示“较远，更远” 之外，还可表示程度上 “更近一步”。 The police decided to investigate further. 警 方决定做进一步调查 典例 —Let's consider this point ________ . —Yes, it is. A. further B. farthest C. farther D. furthest A 比较事物的数量 语法沙龙 more. . . than表示“比……多”。more 是many和much的比较级，[重点]既可修饰可数名词 也可修饰不可数名词。 eg： I have more books than you. 我的书比你的多。 He has more money than you. 他的钱比你的多。 语法沙龙 fewer. . . than表示“比……少”。fewer是few的 比较级，[重点]与可数名词的复数形式连用。 eg： I have fewer apples than Kate. 我的苹果比凯特的少。 John studies fewer subjects than Tom. 约翰学的科目比汤姆少。 语法沙龙 less. . . than表示“比……少”。less是 little的比较级，[重点]与不可数名词连用。 eg： I ate less food than you. 我吃的食物比你少。 I spend less money on clothes than my sister. 我在衣服上花的钱比我的姐姐少。 语法沙龙 More and more people are used to shopping online because it costs ________ money and saves ________ time. A. more; less　　　 B. more; fewer C. fewer; more D. less; more 典例 【点拨】句意为“越来越多的人习惯于网购，因为它 花钱更少，而且节约更多的时间。”money和time均 为不可数名词，故用less和more来修饰。 D 语法沙龙 the most表示“在……当中是最多的”。 most是many和much的最高级，[重点]与可数名词复 数或不可数名词连用。 eg： She sang the most songs at the party. 在聚会上，她唱的歌最多。 Lily has the most pocket money in her class. 在莉莉的班上，她的零花钱最多。 语法沙龙 the fewest表示“在……当中是最少的”。 fewest是few的最高级，[重点]与可数名词复数连用。 eg： Tom asks the fewest questions in our class. 在我们班上汤姆提的问题最少。 Who picked the fewest apples today？ 今天谁摘的苹果最少？ 语法沙龙 the least表示“在……当中是最少的”。 least是little的最高级，[重点]与不可数名词连用。 eg： Daniel did the least work yesterday afternoon. 丹尼尔昨天下午做的工作最少。 My mother gives the least advice in my family. 我妈妈是我家中给建议最少的。 语法沙龙 副词的比较级和最高级 方式副词 我们可以用方式副词对所发生的事情加以更详细的 描述。方式副词在句中一般作状语，一般位于动词 后，修饰动词。 语法沙龙 常见的方式副词有： badly，highly，fast，quickly，happily，well， loudly，politely，warmly等。 语法沙龙 副词的构成 形容词 后缀方法 举例 一般情况 ly quick—quickly careful—carefully 以辅音字母＋ y结尾的单词 变y为i再加 ly happy—happily lucky—luckily 语法沙龙 以e结尾 以元音字母＋e 结尾的单词 去e加ly true—truly 以辅音字母＋le 结尾的单词 去le加ly terrible—terribly possible—possibly 特殊变化 good—well 语法沙龙 副词的比较级与最高级 (1)副词的比较级和最高级的变化与形容词大致相同， 但以后缀ly结尾的副词通常需要在其前加more 或most。 eg： more carefully比较仔细地 most carefully最仔细地 语法沙龙 (2)不规则副词比较级与最高级的构成 原级 比较级 最高级 well better best badly worse worst much more most little less least far farther /further farthest /furthest 语法沙龙 副词比较等级的用法 (1) [重点]：比较级的用法 a. “as ＋副词原级＋ as”意为“与……一样”，表示 同级比较。用于否定句时，第一个as可以转换成so。 eg： She sings as well as a singer. 她歌唱得像歌唱家一样好。 语法沙龙 John speaks English as _________ as Mike. They are both good at English. A. as well as　　 B. as good as C. as better as D. as the best as 典例 【点拨】本题用语法判定法。句意：约翰和迈克英语 说得一样好，他们两个都擅长英语。as… as…表示 “和……一样……”，中间只能用形容词或副词原级; 由前面的speaks English可知，此处应用副词。 A 语法沙龙 b. 副词比较级 ＋ than，意为“比……更……”， 表示两者之间的比较。 eg： They now live more happily than before. 他们现在过得比过去幸福。 语法沙龙 —Do you know sound travels very fast? —Yes. But light travels _________ sound. (荆州) A. as fast as B. a little faster than C. much faster than D. slower than 典例 【点拨】由常识可知，光比声音传播得快得多，故用 much修饰比较级，表示“……得多”。 C 语法沙龙 c. [难点]：比较级＋and＋比较级，意为“越来越……”。 eg： You work harder and harder. 你工作越来越努力了。 语法沙龙 d. the ＋ 比较级，the ＋ 比较级，意为“越……，就 越……”。　 eg： The faster you type， the more mistakes you may make. 你打字打得越快，你出的错可能会越多。 语法沙龙 —You shouldn't eat too much junk food. It's bad for your health. —You're right. _________ junk food I eat, ________ I will be. (云南) A. The less; the healthier B. The less; the healthy C. The more; the healthier D. The more; the healthy 典例 A 语法沙龙 (2)最高级的用法 最高级常用于“the ＋ 最高级 ＋比较范围”结构，比 较范围为短语或从句。最高级主要用在三者或三者以 上中一个超过其他所有几个时。同一类进行比较的范 围用of或among，不同类的范围用in。 一、根据所给提示完成句子 1. Linda has 　　　　 (few) pens than Simon. 2. Lucy has 　　　　 (little) rice than Lily. 3. He has 　　　　　 (many) pens in our class. fewer less the most 【点拨】本题用题眼法。由句中的than可知用比较级。 4. My sister has __________(much) free time than me. 5. Of all the students, our monitor spent the 　　　 (little) time but made the most progress. more least 【点拨】本题用句意理解法。由but made the most progress可知前面也应该用最高级。 二、单项选择 6. Can you do the work well with _________ time and _________ people? (天水) A. less; few B. few; little C. less; fewer D. fewer; less C 7. —Who do you think sings________? —Karen, she's got the first place among the top ten singers. (青海) A. beautifully B. more beautifully C. the most beautifully D. the most beautiful C 8. —Whose home is ________ from school, Alice's or Daniel's? —Alice's, I think. A. far B. farther C. farthest D. the farthest 【点拨】考查形容词比较等级的用法。句意：— —谁家离学校更远，艾丽斯的家还是丹尼尔的 家？——我认为是艾丽斯的家。两者比较用far的 比较级farther。故选B。 B 9. We all like Lucy as she is always thinking of others _______ than herself. (泰安) A. less B. much more C. much D. better B 10. —How are you today, Tom? —I'm even ________. I don't think this medicine is good for me. (呼和浩特) A. worse B. badly C. better D. well A 【点拨】本题用语法判定法。由答语后一句句意“我认 为这种药对我没有益处。”可推测前一句意为“我现在 觉得更差了。”空白处意为“更差的”，结合关键词 even，可知应用形容词的比较级形式，故选A。 11. The________ you work at your lessons, the _________ results you will get. (黄石) A. hard; good B. harder; good C. hard; better D. harder; better D 【点拨】“the ＋比较级，the＋比较级”表示“越……， 就越……”。　 12. —Did John get Number 1 in the math exam? —Yes, no one did so_________ as him. (鄂州) A. good B. well C. better D. best B 13. Tony always works hard. Of all the students, he did _________ in this exam. (北部湾) A. good B. well C better D. best D 【点拨】考查副词的比较等级。从Of all the students可以看出要用最高级best。故选D。 14. —What do you think of receiving and giving gifts? —I think the art of receiving a gift is ________ than the art of giving. (内江) A. much more difficult B. very more difficult C. much difficult D. as difficult as A 15. —Do you know that China is one of ________ countries in the world? —Yes, I do. It's ________ older than America. (眉山) A. the oldest; very B. old; very C. the oldest; much D. oldest; much C 本节课主要学习了以下知识点，请同学们及 时巩固练习： 比较事物的数量 副词的比较级和最高级