初中九年级英语被动语态复习 10页

九年级英语被动语态复习 一、被动语态概述 ‎ ‎　语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。 ‎ ‎　如：‎ ‎　He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）‎ ‎　The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态） ‎ 二、被动语态的构成 ‎ ‎　被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 ‎ ‎　1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：‎ ‎2、被动语态的句式变化：‎ ‎　以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：‎ ‎2、被动语态的句式变化：‎ ‎　以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：‎ ‎ 　3、含有情态动词的被动语态 ‎　情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如： ‎ ‎　Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。‎ ‎　Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）‎ ‎　Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句） ‎ 三、主动语态变为被动语态 ‎　转换图示：‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　‎ ‎1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： ‎ ‎　（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语： ‎ ‎　注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如：‎ ‎　Tom killed him. → He was killed by Tom. ‎ ‎　（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。‎ ‎　注意： ‎ ‎　They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.‎ ‎　他们昨天开会了。 ‎ ‎　（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。‎ ‎　注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。‎ ‎　He sang a song. → A song was sung by him. ‎ ‎2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：‎ ‎　 含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。‎ ‎　Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。‎ ‎　We were told the truth by Jack.‎ ‎　The truth was told (to) us by Jack.‎ 四、动词的主动形式表示被动之意 ‎　系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意 常见的系动词有：‎ ‎① be动词 ② ……起来（7个）：look/seem/appear, feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible. ‎ ‎ ③ (逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go e.g. His wish has come true. People often went hungry in the old days. The tree is growing tall. ‎ ‎ ④ 保持：keep, stay e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room.‎ 五、下列动词（词组）没有被动式：‎ ‎1、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take ‎2、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。　‎ 、An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。‎ ‎　 An accident happened yesterday.‎ ‎　、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。‎ ‎　、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。‎ ‎　、This book sells well.这本书畅销。‎ 、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。‎ 、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。‎ ‎ 、The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八点钟营业。‎ 、The door won’t close/shut. 这门关不上。‎ ‎ 、The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。‎ ‎ 、This material wears well (won’t wear). 这种材料耐久（不耐久）‎ 六、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例） ‎ ‎　1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）‎ ‎　English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。‎ ‎　Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。‎ ‎　The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。 ‎ ‎　2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)‎ ‎　The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。‎ ‎　He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。‎ ‎　My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。 ‎ ‎　3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)‎ ‎　A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。‎ ‎　A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。‎ ‎　I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。 ‎ ‎　4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)‎ ‎　The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。‎ ‎　The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。‎ ‎　A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。 ‎ ‎　5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)‎ ‎　Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。‎ ‎　The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。‎ ‎　6．过去完成时(had been+done)‎ ‎　They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。‎ ‎　She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。‎ ‎　He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died. ‎ ‎　他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。‎ ‎ 中考再现 ‎1.（2012 广东）How water ______ in the students’ flats from 5pm to 7 pm nw.‎ ‎ A.supplies B.is supplied C.supplied D.was supplied ‎ ‎2. (2011广东)People who drink wine _______ to drive after May Day. ‎ ‎ A. don’t allow B. isn’t allowed ‎ ‎ C. mustn’t allow D. mustn’t be allowed ‎ ‎3.(2010广东)The 16th Asian Games _______ in Guangzhou in November, 2010. ‎ ‎ A. holds B. will hold ‎ ‎ C. was held D. will be held ‎ 4. ‎(2009广东)—David, turn off the TV________ no one is watching it. ‎ ‎—But it_______off already! The music is from the radio.‎ ‎ A. so that; has been turned; B. when; has turned ‎ C. if; has been turned D. because; has turned ‎5.(2009广东)—David, turn off the TV_______no one is watching it.‎ ‎ —But it _______off already! The music is from the radio.‎ ‎ A. so that; has been turned; B. when; has turned ‎ C. if; has been turned D. because; has turned ‎ 被动语态专项练习 Ⅰ单项选择 ‎ ‎1. Good books ____ again and again.‎ ‎ A. should be readed B. should be read ‎ C. must read D. ought to read ‎ ‎2. The children ____ by the nurse.‎ ‎ A. were looked B. looked after ‎ C. were looked after D. looked ‎ ‎3. He ___ some pieces of advice, but he ____ to them.‎ ‎ A. gave, didn't listen B. was given, wasn't listened ‎ C. give, wasn't listened D. was given, didn't listen ‎ ‎4. When____ the accident _____ ?‎ ‎ A. was, happen B. did, happen ‎ C. is, happen D. was, happened ‎ ‎5. The question ____ by us soon.‎ ‎ A. is going to discuss B. will discuss ‎ C. is going to be discussed D. has been discussed ‎ ‎6. The lab ____ about five years ago.‎ ‎ A. was builded B. was built ‎ ‎ C. builds D. has been built ‎ ‎7. A lot of tall buildings _____ in his hometown in the last three years.‎ ‎ A. have set up B. have been set up ‎ ‎ C. were set up D. set up ‎ ‎8. They ____ printing 500 copies by the end of last month.‎ ‎ A. had finished B. have finished ‎ ‎ C. had been finished D. have been finished ‎ ‎9. Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown.‎ ‎ A. is…grown B. is…grew ‎ C. was…grew D. was…grown ‎ ‎10. He ____ by the teachers.‎ ‎ A. is always praised B. praises ‎ C. have been praised D. always is praised ‎ ‎11. Great changes ____ place. Many new schools____ .‎ ‎ A. have taken, have been opened B. take, are open ‎ C. are taken, open D. have been taken, are opened ‎ ‎12. The picture______ in October, 1996.‎ ‎ A. was taking B. had been taken ‎ ‎ C. was taken D. had taken ‎ ‎13. We can't use the bridge now, because it______ .‎ ‎ A. has been repaired B. is repairing ‎ C. is repaired D. is being repaired ‎ ‎14. I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman.‎ ‎ A. was shown B. showed ‎ C. have shown D. was showing ‎ ‎15. The war______ in 1941.‎ ‎ A. broke out B. had been broken out ‎ C. was broken out D. had broken out ‎ ‎16. When water______ , it will be changed into vapor(蒸汽).‎ ‎ A. is heated B. heating ‎ C. has heated D. heats ‎ ‎17. We can't enter the room because its door______ .‎ ‎ A. locked B. locks ‎ C. is locked D. is locking ‎ ‎18. They ______day and night.‎ ‎ A. are made work B. are made to work ‎ C. made to be worked D. are making to work ‎ ‎19. Chang'an Road is ______of people.‎ ‎ A. filled B. fill ‎ C. full D. fulled ‎ ‎20. Man-made satellites ______into space by many countries.‎ ‎ A. was sent up B. is sent up ‎ C. have been sent up D. has been sent up ‎ ‎21. This English song _____ often _____ by the children.‎ ‎ A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung ‎ ‎22.The windows of our house _____once a week.‎ ‎ A. must clean B. have cleaned ‎ ‎ C. is cleaned D. are cleaned ‎ ‎23. When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ?‎ ‎ A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found ‎ ‎24. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now.‎ ‎ A. will be mended B. has mended ‎ C. was mended D. mended ‎ ‎25. Your exercise books _____ after class.‎ ‎ A. will hand in B. must hand in ‎ ‎ C. handed in D. must be handed in ‎ ‎26. Some trees may ______ at other times of the year.‎ ‎ A. be planted B. plant ‎ ‎ C. are planted D. will be planted ‎ ‎27. The sun _____ at night as usual.‎ ‎ A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see ‎ ‎28. A new English play _____ there next week.‎ ‎ A. will put on B. will be put on ‎ ‎ C. is going to put on D. will be putted on ‎ ‎29. A strange thing _____ in our school yesterday.‎ ‎ A. was happened B. has been happened ‎ ‎ C. happened D. was going to happen ‎ ‎30. The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning.‎ ‎ A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken ‎ C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken ‎ Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态 ‎ ‎1. I saw the boy run yesterday. ‎ ‎2. He told me that he would come back soon. ‎ ‎3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. ‎ ‎4. Do you water your flowers every day? ‎ ‎5. The wind blew down the big tree last night. ‎ ‎6. I think that he is right. ‎ ‎7. He had not thrown the bad food. ‎ ‎8. Mother was not mending the trousers. ‎ ‎9. They would not take him to Beijing. ‎ ‎10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time. ‎ 参考答案 Ⅰ单项选择 ‎ ‎1. B 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C ‎6. B 7. B 8. A 9. A 10. A ‎11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A ‎16. A 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C ‎21.B 22. D 23.B 24. C 25.D ‎26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. B ‎ Ⅱ、把下列句子改为被动语态 ‎ ‎1. The boy was seen to run by me yesterday. ‎ ‎2. I was told that he would come back soon. ‎ ‎3. A lot of differences can be found by you between the two languages. ‎ ‎4. Are your flowers watered every day? ‎ ‎5. The big tree was blown down last night. ‎ ‎6. It is thought that he is right. ‎ ‎7. The bad food had not been thrown. ‎ ‎8. The trousers were not being mended by my mother. ‎ ‎9. He would not be taken to Beijing. ‎ ‎10. I was known by nobody in this town at that time.‎