上海市九年级初三中考英语词性转换知识专练学案 21页

怎样巧解词形变化和词性转换题 概述：‎ ‎ 现代英语任然是词尾变化甚发达的语言，十大词类有六种词主要是以词尾变化而构成词形变化的。它们是名词（数和所有格的变化），代词（格，数，性的变化），形容词和副词（原级，比较级，最高级），动词（三式两分词），数词（基数词，序数词）。这种变化谓之词形变化。‎ ‎ 词在句中因为担当的成分不同而有不同的词性，它们的拼写也常有变化（如 pleasure/ pleased/pleasant/please),这种变化谓之词性转换。‎ ‎ 有些词加上后缀可表示做某种动作的人或工具（invent, inventor)，或表示一种性质，身份，资格等（ friend, friendship),加上前缀re--可以表示重新的意思（build/ rebuild)，这种变化也称之谓派生。‎ ‎ 有些词加上前缀或后缀，词性不变，但成为反义词（possible,impossible),这种变化谓之同根反义变化。‎ 常见词性转换类型有： (1)v.-n.动词转化为名词 post-postage mail-mail weigh-weight advise-advice (2)v.-n.-a.动词转化成名词-形容词 act-actor / actress-active change-change-changeable (3) v.-a.-ad.-n.动词转化成形容词，副词，名词 fill-full need-necessary-necessarily interest(v. / n.)-- interested --interesting (4)n. a.名词转化为形容词 person --personal ( 个人的; 私人的 ) fun --funny (5)n. pl. 名词转化为名词复数 gentleman --gentlemen human--- humans （6)a. ad. 形容词转化为副词 possible--- possibly probable probably happy-happily slow-slowly (7)a. ad. n.形容词转化为副词，名词 ‎ ‎ true-- truly --truth lucky --luckily-- luck (8)原级 比较级 最高级 far --farther-- farthest far--further--furthest little-- less-- least　 【解词类题学生必背的词法知识】‎ 1） 掌握教材中常用词的规则和不规则的词性变化形式；‎ 2） 知道常见的构词法，会归纳教材中常见词的词性转换，派生词；‎ 3） 熟记教材中的同根反义词。‎ ‎【解此类题学生必须注意的】‎ 1） 根据上下文先确定空处应填何种词性的词；‎ 2） 然后确定该词应作何种词性变化（特别注意同根反义词和缩略形式；‎ 3） 大写字母。‎ ‎【夯实练习一】‎ 一、名词变形容词 ‎1. rain __________ 2. friend ____________ 3. center_____________‎ ‎4. hunger _________ 5. south ___________ 6. experience_________‎ ‎7. salt __________ 8. physics ___________ 9. America___________‎ 二、形容词变名词 ‎1. happy__________ 2. free ____________ 3. silent ____________‎ ‎4. difficult_________ 5. strong __________ 6. pleasant __________‎ ‎7. social __________ 8. kind ___________ 9. long ___________‎ 三、形容词变副词:‎ ‎1. wonderful_________ 2. good____________ 3. usual____________‎ ‎4, bad______________ 5. willing___________ 6. immediate________‎ ‎7. bright____________ 8. angry____________ 9. warm___________‎ ‎10. terrible___________‎ 四、名词变动词:‎ ‎1. courage_________ 2. advice___________ 3. practice_________‎ ‎4. lie ___________ 5. ship ____________ 6. face ___________‎ ‎7. service _________ 8. loss ___________ 9. breath__________‎ ‎10. belief __________‎ 五、动词变名词:‎ ‎1. decide ___________ 2. produce__________ 3. translate_________‎ ‎4. enjoy ___________ 5. fail______________ 6. prepare_________‎ ‎7. discuss__________ 8. explain___________ 9. discover_________‎ ‎10. pronounce _________‎ 六、名词变形容词变副词:‎ ‎1. fool____________ _____________ 2. luck __________ __________‎ ‎3. success___________ ____________ 4. politics_________ __________‎ ‎5. pride ____________ _____________ 6. truth __________ __________‎ ‎7. nature ___________ _____________ 8. care __________ __________‎ ‎9. bravery __________ _____________ 10. comfort _________ __________‎ 七、加前缀re-:‎ ‎1. read ___________ 2. write ____________ 3.tell ___________‎ ‎4. view __________ 5. build ____________‎ 八、加前缀dis-:‎ ‎1. like _____________ 2. appear ___________ 3. agree _________‎ ‎4. order ____________ 5. cover ___________‎ 九、加前缀un-:‎ ‎1. important ___________ 2. necessary __________ 3. fortunate _________‎ ‎4. able _____________ 5. fit ______________‎ 十、加后缀-ful:‎ ‎1. cheer _____________ 2. hand _____________ 3. arm ____________‎ ‎4. colour ____________ 5. beauty ____________‎ 十一、加后缀-less:‎ ‎1. help ___________ 2. use _____________ 3. care ____________‎ ‎4. hope ____________ 5. fear _____________‎ 中考词性转换归类专练 ‎ A.‎ ‎ 1. act v. 扮演 n. 行动；active a. 积极的，主动的，活跃的；actor n. 男演员actress ‎ n.女演员 activity n. 活动 ‎ 1) ________ are more important than words.(act)‎ ‎ 2) Jackie Chen is my idol. He is one of the most famous ______(act).‎ ‎ 3) To save money, using coupons（优惠券）becomes one of the most popular shopping _______in America.(act)‎ ‎ 4) That girl is the most ________member in the school singing group.(act)‎ ‎2.aware a.注意到的 unaware a. 未注意到的 ‎1）The man was ___________ of the danger behind him. (aware)‎ ‎2）Though there are many hidden computers in the electrical appliances, we are____of them。(aware)‎ ‎3.appear v. 出现； disappear v. 消失 ‎1) The thief_______in the darkness quickly, (appear)‎ ‎2) The sun ___________ behind a cloud. Maybe it's going to rain. (appear)‎ ‎4.attract v.吸引 attractive a.有吸引力的 attraction n.吸引人的事物 ‎1) The Bird’s Nest has become one of the most ______ places of interest in Beijing. (attract)‎ ‎2) The century-old Waibaidu Bridge is again an ________ for visitors to Shanghai. (attract)‎ ‎5.art n.艺术 artist n. 艺术家 ‎1) Tom can copy many famous __________paintings.(art)‎ ‎2) Many young people want to become cartoon __________ in the future. (art)‎ ‎6.amaze v.使吃惊 amazed a.吃惊的, 惊奇的 amazing a.令人惊异的 ‎1) We were_________ at his knowledge.(amaze)‎ ‎2) It was an ________ success that ShenXue and Zhao Hongbo won another gold medal in Tokyo. (amaze)‎ ‎7.able a.能干的 ability n. 能力, 才干 enable v.使能够, 授予权利或方法 ‎1) I’m sure Ben has the _________ to finish the work by himself. (able)‎ ‎2) Tom's words _______us to understand the idea clearly.(able)‎ ‎3) We all agree that ________ is more important than knowledge itself. (able)‎ ‎3) He is a man of great*________and he has achieved success in his work. (able)‎ ‎8.angry a.生气的 angrily ad. 生气地 ‎1) He threw the book on the table and shouted at me ________. (angry)‎ ‎2) Jack slammed the door ________ after he was laughed at. (angry)‎ ‎9.argue v.争论，辩论 argument n.争论, 辩论, ‎ ‎1)Football fans always enjoy about the result of the matches. (argue)‎ ‎2)I heard a big ________ the railway station yesterday.(argue)‎ ‎10.amuse v. 给…… 娱乐;使人发笑，逗…… 笑；‎ ‎ amusing a. 引人发笑的，娱人的；amusement n. 娱乐;消遣;娱乐活动 ‎1) Have you been to that park in Suzhou? (amuse) ‎ ‎2)It was an ________ success that ShenXue and Zhao Hongbo won another gold medal in Tokyo. (amaze) ‎ B.‎ ‎1.beautiful a.美丽的 beautifully adv. 美丽地，漂亮地 ‎1) We are looking for students who can sing ___________. (beautiful) ‎ ‎2) Look! The famous actress is dancing very ________ at the dancing party. (beautiful) ‎ ‎3) Listen! The birds are singing ________ in the woods. (beautiful)‎ ‎2. British a.英国的, 英国人的 Britain n. 英国 ‎1) We also call the people from England ________ . (Britain) ‎ ‎2) Is ___________ English quite different from American English?(Britain)‎ ‎3.begin v.开始 beginning n. 开始 ‎1) I was late, so I missed the _________ of the movie.(begin) ‎ ‎2) The little girl is clever enough to recite every text in the book from ____ to end. (begin)‎ ‎3) At the ______of this century, the APEC conferences were held successfully in Shanghai. (begin)‎ ‎4.build v.建造, 建筑 building n.建筑物 rebuild v.重建, 改造, 复原, 重新组建 ‎1) Our school building is too old. It will be __soon in the coming summer vacation.(build)‎ ‎2) If you go to the Forbidden City, you will see many ancient_____________. (build)‎ ‎5.big a. 大的 bigger biggest ‎ Air pollution is one of the _________ problems in our life. ( big )‎ ‎6.bad a. 坏的 badly adv.严重地, 恶劣地 ( worse/ worst)‎ ‎1) Things are __________ in areas where houses were destroyed by earthquakes. (bad) ‎ ‎2) Although he took some medicine, he looked even _______(bad)‎ ‎7.bore v/n. 使烦扰 boring a. 令人厌烦的 bored a.无聊的, 无趣的, 烦人的 ‎1)Tom always tells us the same things whenever he meets us. He is really___________ .(bore)‎ ‎2) The film is so ______ that someone went away before ending .‎ C.‎ ‎1.change v.改变, 变革, 改造 changeable a.可改变的 ‎1) Don’t forget to ___________ your email addresses at the end of the party. (change)‎ ‎2) The weather all over the world becomes more ______than before. (change )‎ ‎3) Don’t take off your sweater. The weather is quite these days. (change)‎ ‎4) Many people caught cold last month because of the ________ weather. (change)‎ ‎2.careful a. 仔细的，小心的 carefully ad.小心地, 谨慎地 ‎1) Now Mr. Brown drives his car much more _______than he did two years ago. (careful)‎ ‎2) “Please listen to me,” said the teacher to the students. (care)‎ ‎3) Listen to the teachers _____in class and many of your problems will go away. (careful)‎ ‎4) Tom didn't do his homework as________as before, so he has made great progress in hisstudy. (care)‎ ‎3.clear a. 清楚的, 清晰的, 清澈的, 光亮的. clearly ad.明朗地, 明显地 ‎ ‎1) On a ________night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky.(clearly)‎ ‎2) Our teacher explained the lesson to us very ____________. (clear)‎ ‎4.city n.城市, 都市 citizen n.市民, 公民 ‎1) Shanghai is one of the biggest ____________ in the world. (city)‎ ‎2) Many foreigners have become______of Shanghai in the past 30 years. (city)‎ ‎5.cross v.使交叉, 横过 across prep./ adv. 越过, 交叉, 在...的那边, ‎ ‎1) Please be careful when you go the road. ( cross )‎ ‎2) Another great bridge will be put up _______ the river next year. (cross)‎ ‎6.crowd v./n.群集, 拥挤, 挤满 crowed a.拥挤的, 塞满的 ‎1) Today is National Day, Look, the streets are ____________ with people.(crowd) ‎ ‎2) A _______of suspects were arrested by the policemen.(crowded)‎ ‎7.chemical n.化学制品, 化学药品a.化学的 chemist n.化学家, 药剂师 chemistry n.化学 ‎1)Yesterday I left my _______book at home.(chemist)‎ ‎2)Turning water into ice is not called _______change, it’s a physical change.(chemist)‎ ‎8.choice n/a..选择, 抉择 choose v.(chose, chosen)选择, 选定 ‎1) The supermarket offers a wide ______ of fruits and vegetables. (choose)‎ ‎2) Tom cannot ______ the best one from all these. (choice )‎ ‎3) Let Jack order the dish, he always makes a good ________ . (choose)‎ ‎9. cycle n./v.骑自行车 cyclist n.骑脚踏车的人 ‎1) My brother goes ________ every morning.( cycle)‎ ‎2) A lot of ______took part in the contest. ( cycle)‎ ‎10.calculate v.计算, 考虑 calculation n.计算, 考虑 calculator n.计算机, 计算器 ‎1) The abacus was first used to _________by Chinese people.(calculator)‎ ‎2) My father bought a ___________ for me as a birthday present.(calculate)‎ ‎11.complain v.抱怨, 悲叹, 控诉 complaint n.诉苦, 抱怨 ‎1) The supermarket has received a lot of ____ about the quality of their products.(complain)‎ ‎2) If your neighbors are too noisy, you have cause for ______________. (complain)‎ D.‎ ‎1.danger n.危险 威胁 dangerous a. 危险的 ‎1) Drink-driving is ____.It causes serious traffic accidents. Drivers must never do it.(danger)‎ ‎2) The traffic there is very __________ for children. Please be careful. (danger)‎ ‎3) The situation in that country is ________. You’d better not go there. (danger)‎ ‎4)The fire _____ is usually very high in Australia.(dangerous)‎ ‎2. die v. 死 dead a.死的, 无感觉的 death n.死亡 dying a.垂死的 ‎1) Qingming Festival is an important Chinese festival to remember people’s ‎ relatives. (die) ‎ ‎2)Thirty-three students __________ in the campus shooting in Virginia last month. (dead)‎ ‎3)The ______man raised two fingers and tried hard to say something.( death)‎ ‎3.decide v. 决定, 判决 decision n.决定, 决心, 决议, 结果 ‎1) Our family will go out for a holiday during the summer holidays. But where to go, we haven't _____ yet. (decision)‎ ‎2) The Chinese People’s Congress (全国人代会) makes some big ________ for the country every year. (decide)‎ ‎3) Think over and over before you make your ________.(decide)‎ ‎4. develop v. 发展，培养，开发 development n. 发展 ‎ ‎ developed a.发达的 developing a.发展中的 ‎1) The United States of America is a ______ country, but China is still a ________one.(develop)‎ ‎2) With the __________ of the country, the people's life is getting better and better.(develop)‎ ‎3) Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast _____ in Shanghai after his long absence from the city.(develop)‎ ‎4) With the________of telephone services, it's convenient for us to communicate with others, (develop)‎ ‎5. different a. 不同的 difference n. 差别 ‎1) Jack and Bob are twins. Only their parents can tell the ______ between them. (different) ‎ ‎2) Work today is very _____from the way it was fifty or even twenty years ago. (difference)‎ ‎3) It’s difficult for us to tell the ________ between these two words. (different)‎ ‎6. difficult a. 困难的；艰难的 difficulty n. 困难 There must be a lot of _______ in fighting air pollution. (difficult)‎ ‎7.discuss v. 讨论； discussion n. 讨论 ‎1) The students had a ________ in the English class yesterday. (discuss)‎ ‎2) Please have a warm _______ (discuss) with your partners.‎ E.‎ ‎ 1.education n. 教育 educational a. 教育的 ‎1) With the help of science and technology, we can get some _________ programs from the Internet. (education) ‎ ‎2) These young people have good manners. I'm sure hey have received good_________.(educational)‎ ‎2.easy a. 容易的 easily ad. 容易地 ‎1) The underground enables people to travel around the city more______. (easy)‎ ‎2) You can’t drive your car_________ in traffic jams. (easy )‎ ‎3) “No one will beat me _________!” Teenage star Ding Junhui is becoming the best snooker player in the world. (easy) ‎ ‎4) The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong Kong so ________. (easy)‎ ‎3.electric a. 用电的，电动的 electrical a. 有关电的； electricity n. 电 ‎1) Some teenagers are used to reading ___________ magazines on line.(electricity)‎ ‎2) My father bought me a ________ bike.(electricity)‎ ‎4.engine n. 引擎，发动机 engineer n. 工程师 ‎1) Patrick is going to be an__________when he grows up.(engine)‎ ‎2) The car has got a large _______so it moves fast.(engineer)‎ ‎5.enjoy v. 欣赏，享有，喜欢 enjoyable a. 愉快的；欢乐的 joy n. 欢乐，高兴 ‎1) The old couple had an _______ weekend when their four children came to see them. (enjoy).‎ ‎2) A group of young Japanese had an ________ tour in our town last month. (enjoy)‎ ‎6.enter v. 进入，参加 entrance n. 进入；入口 ‎1) Study hard and try your best to ______ a key school, Tim. (entrance)‎ ‎2) There is an information desk at the _________ of the exhibition hall.( enter)‎ ‎7. excite v.使兴奋, 使激动 excited a. 感到兴奋的 exciting a. 令人兴奋的 ‎ excitement n.刺激, 兴奋, 激动 ‎1) Don’t miss a new cartoon. It is very ______ (excite )‎ ‎2) He felt_________after he saw an___________ film.(excited)‎ ‎3) When we heard the good news, we cheered_______. (excite)‎ ‎4) They rushed out of the classroom_______. (excited)‎ ‎5) The trip to Disneyland is really full of _________. (excite) ‎ F.‎ ‎1.favour n. 恩惠 favourite a. 最喜爱的 ‎1) Could you please do me a _________(favourite)‎ ‎2) My__________ film is Star Wars.(favor)‎ ‎3) I want to know your ________subjects at school.(favor)‎ ‎2.final a. 最后的；最终的 finally ad. 最后，最终 ‎ ________, many readers are already trying to guess what will happen in Harry Potter. (final)‎ ‎3.fish n. 鱼，鱼肉，v. 捕鱼；钓鱼 fisherman n. 鱼夫 ‎1) Cormorant________is famous in China.(fish)‎ ‎2) ____________there make a living with the help of special birds called cormorants.(fish)‎ ‎3) The __________ often goes fishing on the lake at weekends. (fish)‎ ‎4.fly v. 飞；乘飞机旅行;驾驶（飞机等）放飞（风筝等）n. 苍蝇 flight n.飞行；航班 ‎1) I’d like two seats on today’s northwest ________ to Paris, please. (fly)‎ ‎2) I'm sorry,but the ______ to Shanghai has been cancelled because of the bad weather.(fly)‎ ‎3) We are dreaming of ________ to the moon in the future.(fly)‎ ‎5.fool v. 愚弄；欺骗 n. 傻瓜 foolish a. 愚蠢的 ‎1) It is ________ of Peter to pay so much money for clothes. (fool)‎ ‎2) Don't ______ the boy because he is so young.(foolish)‎ ‎6.foreign a. 外国的 foreigner n. 外国人 ‎1) More and more will come to China in the coming years. ( foreign )‎ ‎2) During the 2019 World Expo, many ________ will visit Shanghai. (foreign)‎ ‎7. forget v. 忘记 forgetful a. 健忘的 unforgettable a.忘不了的, 令人难忘的 ‎1) I hear that Mr Brown is too ______ to remember his own age. (forget)‎ ‎2) Nobody knows why Betty has become so _____ in recent years. (forget)‎ ‎3) My trip to Canada is an ______________ experience. (forget) ‎ ‎4) We went to a beautiful lake and spent a(n) _______day. (forget)‎ ‎8. free a. 自由的，空闲的，免费的 freedom n. 自由 ‎1) You’re _____ to go anywhere you wish. Make yourself at home. (freedom)‎ ‎2) Quite a lot of soldiers gave their lives for the _____ of their country.(free)‎ ‎9.freeze v. 结冰，使结冰 freezing a. 冻结的；极冷的 frozen a. 冰冻的 ‎1) She doesn’t like __________ food in the market because it’s not fresh. (freeze)‎ ‎2) It’s terrible to have an outing in such ________ weather. (freeze)‎ ‎3) In __________weather, the old had better stay at home. (freeze)‎ ‎4) ________ food is convenient to cook so it’s a craze in supermarkets. (freeze)‎ ‎10.friend n. 朋友 friendly a. 朋友般的；友好的 friendship n. 友谊 ‎1) Real ______ is more valuable (有价值的) than money. (friend)‎ ‎2) To be lovely Shanghainese, we should be helpful and ________ to others .(friend)‎ ‎3) We hope the _________between two nations will last forever.(friend)‎ ‎11.frighten v. 使害怕 frightened a. 受惊吓的 frightening a.令人害怕的；恐怖的 ‎1)The girl was so _______ that she hid herself behind the door. (frighten)‎ ‎2) I saw a _______film so that I couldn't fall asleep last night.(frighten)‎ ‎12.fun n. 乐趣，有趣，玩笑 funny a. 滑稽的；可笑的 ‎1) The baby began to laugh when he saw the ______ monkey. (fun) ‎ ‎2) Many tourists usually go to the Bund for sightseeing and ____. ( funny )‎ ‎3)The short play was very _________. I laughed from beginning to end. (fun)‎ ‎4)The short play was very _________. I laughed from beginning to end. (fun)‎ ‎13.fortune n.财富, 运气, 好运 fortunate a.幸运的, 幸福的 fortunately adv.幸运地 ‎1) _______, he didn't pass the driving test. (fortunate)‎ ‎2) The old lady’s ______________ enough to have very good health. (fortune)‎ ‎3) A car accident happened this morning. ______, none was hurt. ( fortunate)‎ ‎4)I was late, but ________the meeting hadn’t started. And this meeting changed my _______(fortunate).‎ ‎14.five num.五, 五个(人或物) fifth a.第五的 ‎1) Though he is an English boy of ________, he can speak very good Chinese. (fifth)‎ ‎2) Mr. Black lives on the _______ floor in that building. (five)‎ ‎3) Look at the photo! The __________man from the left is our class teacher, Mr. Wang, (five)‎ ‎15.four num.四 forty num.四十 40 num.第四十 ‎1）When John was in his ______ , he became a very popular writer. (forty)‎ ‎2）Today is my father’s __________ birthday. (forty)‎ ‎3）The ____of July is the National Independence Day of the U. S. A. (four)‎ ‎4）Thanksgiving Day falls on the _______ Thursday in November in the USA. (four) ‎ ‎5）I think the ______ lesson is the most difficult in this book. (four ) ‎ ‎16.food n.食物 、养料 feed v.喂养, 饲养 ‎1) Mr Black has a large family to ________, so he works for two companies. (food)‎ ‎2) We should eat healthy _______every day.(feed)‎ ‎17.French n.法国人, 法语 a. 法国的, 法国人的, 法语的 France n.法国, 法兰西 ‎1) Have the travelers gone to ___________? (French)‎ ‎2) His nationality is _______ but he can’t speak ______.(France) ‎ G.‎ ‎1.gold n. 金；黄金 golden a. 金的；金色的 ‎1) The necklace is made of _______.(golden)‎ ‎2) Youth is the _______age of one's life.(gold)‎ ‎2.good (better ; best) a. 好的 goodness n.仁慈, 善良 ‎1) It's _______ for us to eat an apple every day.(goodness)‎ ‎2) My_______! You even don't know where the Great Wall is.(good)‎ ‎3) The silk man became ________ after he ate some medicine.(good)‎ ‎3.Germany n.德国 German n.德国人, 德语 a. 德国的, 德国人的, 德语的 ‎1) We call people from Germany ______. (German)‎ ‎2) Those ___________ visit gave their friends a surprise. (Germany)‎ ‎3) These five _________ are my elder brother’s classmates. ( Germany )‎ ‎4) ________ like to eat potatoes and drink beer. (Germany)‎ ‎4.gentle a.温和的, 文雅的 gently adv.轻轻地, 逐渐地 ‎1) What nice weather! The sun is shining and the wind blows ______. (gentle)‎ ‎2) "Take care of yourself," the mother said ________to the child, (gentle)‎ ‎3) The doctor is used to speaking to his patients __________. (gentle)‎ H.‎ ‎1.health n. 健康 healthy a. 健康的 ‎1) John is fat and ________ because he doesn’t take enough exercise. (healthy)‎ ‎2) Sports can help us to keep ______ and live longer. ( health)‎ ‎3) What I want is to live a _____ life for as long as possible. (health)‎ ‎4) To me, nothing is more important than __________. (healthy)‎ ‎5) __________is more important to me than money. (healthy)‎ ‎2.heat n. 热量 v. 加热 heater n. 加热器；电热器 hot a. 热的 ‎1) The sun gives its ______ and light to all the living things on the earth. (hot) ‎ ‎2) Human beings get ______from the sun.(hot)‎ ‎3) It is said that this summer will be _________than last.(hot)‎ ‎3.heavy a. 重的 heavily ad. 沉重地；大量地 ‎1) It rained ________ last night and the river rose two feet. (heavy)‎ ‎2) He carried a ______ bag.( heavily)‎ ‎4.high a. 高的 height n. 高度 ‎1) My uncle works on a modern farm. He’s thin and of average ______. (high) ‎ ‎2) Do you think this building is about the same ________ as the JinMao Building? (high)‎ ‎3) Do you know the ________ of the new building in front of your school? (high)‎ ‎5.help v& n 帮助 helpful a. 有帮助的；有益的 ‎1) It will be very __________ to learn some foreign customs and cultures. (help)‎ ‎2) Shirley has done a lot of for the tourists. She is really a ________ guide.(help)‎ ‎3) Come on ! I need your _______(helpful)‎ ‎6.history n. 历史 historical a. 历史的；历史上的 ‎1)China is a country with a long ___________(historical)‎ ‎2)Larry is interested in ________research like his father.‎ ‎7.home n. 家 homeless a.无家可归的 ‎ ‎1)There are many ___________ children in some African (非洲的) countries. (home) ‎ ‎2)The Iraq War has made thousands of children ________. (home)‎ ‎8.honest a. 诚实的，真正的； honesty n. 诚实； dishonest a. 不老实 ‎1)We don’t want to make friends with any __________ person. (honest) ‎ ‎2)Children are educated to be_______ when they are very young. (honesty) ‎ ‎3)“Nobody will like you if you are _________”, mother said to the little girl. (honest)‎ ‎4) How __________ of him not to return the book he had borrowed! (honest)‎ ‎9.hurry n,/ v. (使)赶紧, (使)匆忙 hurried a.匆忙的 hurriedly ad.仓促地, 慌忙地 ‎1)Bill went to the airport in a __________.(hurried)‎ ‎2)The man took a ________look at the newspaper and got on the bus_______.(hurry)‎ I. ‎ ‎1.important a. 重要的 importance n. 重要性 ‎1) What's the _________ of learning English ?(important)‎ ‎2) It's very ___________to protect our environment.( importance)‎ ‎3) More and more people realize the ___________ of the good environment. (important) ‎ ‎4) More people are getting to know the ________ of environmental protection. (important)‎ ‎2.interest n. 兴趣v. 使感兴趣 interested a. 感兴趣的 interesting a. 令人感兴趣的 ‎1) The musical Cat is so _________ that many people like to enjoy it. (interest)‎ ‎2) Helen is _________ in the __________cartoon on TV. (interest)‎ ‎3) Could you talk about your _________ ?(interesting)‎ ‎3.invent v. 发明 invention n. 发明；发明物 inventor n. 发明者 ‎1) Edison was a great ______ though he stayed at school for only a little time.(invent) ‎ ‎2) The electric light is one of the greatest __________ in the world. (invent)‎ ‎3) The computer is one of the most useful _______ in the world. ( invent )‎ ‎4.invite v. 邀请 invitation n. 邀请；请帖 ‎1) Tom received an __________ to his friend’s birthday party last week. (invite)‎ ‎2) Mike, have you got the ________ for the coming Art Festival? (invite)‎ ‎3) We will ________ our teachers to our English party.( invitation)‎ ‎4) Our university__________(invitation) the elderly professor to give us a speech, but unluckily, he didn't accept it.‎ ‎5.Italy n. 意大利； Italian a..意大利（人）的；意大利语的 n．意大利人;意大利语 ‎1) Alberto Ramella is a famous _________ football player. (Italy)‎ ‎6.ill a.(worse, worst)有病的, 坏的, 恶意的, 生病 illness n.疾病, 生病 ‎1) The scientists have just discovered a new kind of ______. (ill)‎ ‎2) If your child shows any signs of , take him to the doctor immediately. ( ill )‎ ‎3) Too much work, worry, and __________ have made him look older.(ill)‎ ‎4) The sick man is getting . We’d better send him to the hospital at once. ( ill )‎ ‎7. impossible a.不可能的, 不会发生的, 难以忍受的 ‎ ‎ possible a.可能的, 可能存在或发生的 possibly ad.可能地, 或者 1) ‎ Though it's __________ for us to live on the moon now, the scientists are trying their best to make it_________in the future.( possible)‎ 2) ‎ I will _______make a business trip at the end of this month.(possible)‎ K ‎1.kind a. 友好的；和善的 n. 种类 kindness n. 仁慈，好意 unkind a.不仁慈的, 刻薄的 ‎1) Feng Ai’s love and ___will always be remembered by her students and their parents in Yunan. (kind)‎ ‎2) Brown always gets angry and he is ____ to his friends.(kind)‎ ‎3) It is_________ to hunt animals for food and their skin.(kindness) ‎ ‎4) Smiling is the best way to show our ________. (kind)‎ ‎2.know v. 了解，知道，认识； knowledge n. 知识 ‎1) It is common_______that smoking is harmful to our health.(know)‎ ‎2) He is a man with rich _____________.(know)‎ L ‎1.long a. 长的； length n. 长度 1) What's the _______ of the Nile ? ( long)‎ 2) The Nile is the _________ river in the world. (long)‎ ‎2.library n. 图书馆； librarian n. 图书馆管理员 1) I work as a ________ in the school________during my spare time.(library)‎ 2) The forme president Clinton had his new _________built in his hometown not long ago.(librarian)‎ ‎3.like v. 喜欢 prep. 像； dislike v. 不喜欢 ‎1) The guests the room because it is too small and it has a terrible smell. (like)‎ ‎2) Not everyone enjoys fast food. Tom is the one who _________ hamburger. (like) ‎ ‎4.locate v. 确定……的地方 使……坐落于 location n. 位置；场所 ‎1) These songs are familiar to the ___________ people. (location) ‎ ‎2) The Bund is _______in the center of Shanghai. (location) ‎ ‎5.loud a. 响亮的；大声的 loudly ad. 大声地 aloud ad.大声地 ‎1) Please speak______ and make yourself heard by the whole class.(loud)‎ ‎2) Would you please read the text______, Mike ?(loud)‎ ‎6.love v & n.热爱 lovely a. 可爱的 ‎1) The door of parents’ ________ for children will never be closed. (love)‎ ‎2) We ______ Sam for he is a ________ dog.(love)‎ ‎7.luck n. 幸运；运气 lucky a. 幸运的；吉祥的 luckily ad. 幸运地 unlucky a.不吉祥的 ‎1) ______, seven of the tourists died in the accident in the USA. (unlucky)‎ ‎2) Those miners (矿工) were ________ enough to be alive after the accident. (luck)‎ ‎3) ______ , we were not caught in the heavy rain last night. (lucky)‎ ‎4) ____, some of the students can become volunteers for the 2019 Expo Shanghai. (lucky)‎ ‎5) Chinese people like red because they think it can bring them good_________. (lucky)‎ ‎6) , Tommy was able to catch the early bus and got there on time. ( lucky )‎ ‎7) Someone thinks that the number 13 is an _______ number. ( luck )‎ ‎8) ________, we weren’t caught in the heavy rain last night. (luck) ‎ ‎ M.‎ ‎1.manage v. 管理，处理，经营，设法做成 manager n. 经理 ‎1)The capable man can ________ everything well for the company.( manager)‎ ‎2)The_________met us at the gate of the restaurant.(manage)‎ ‎2.medicine n. 药；医学 medical a. 医学的；医疗的 ‎1) As Grade Nine students, we should take a _________ examination in May.(medicine)‎ ‎2) The young man will be sent to work in Africa as a member of a ______ team.(medicine)‎ ‎3.memory n. 记忆 memorize v. 记住 ‎1) Our Chinese teacher always asks us to more Chinese poems. ( memory )‎ ‎2) Our English teacher asked us to ________ the poem after class. (memory)‎ ‎4.mix v. 混合 mixture n. 混合物 ‎1) ___________ the butter into the flour, please. (mixture)‎ ‎2) This soft drink is a _____ of four different kinds. It tastes delicious. (mix )‎ ‎3) Put some milk into the flour, break two eggs and then ________ them. (mixture)‎ N.‎ ‎1.national a. 国家的；民族的； nationality n. 国籍； international a. 国际的 ‎1) Newspapers provide readers with and local news every day. (nation)‎ ‎2) More and more ________ conferences are held in Shanghai.(nation)‎ ‎3) People's Daily is a __________newspaper in China.(nationality)‎ ‎2.need v. aux.必须 v.必须 n.需要，必要；necessary a.必要的;必须的 unnecessary a.不必要的 ‎1) It is _________ to understand every single word when reading an article. (necessary)‎ ‎2) It is __________ for us to air our classroom from time to time.( need)‎ ‎3.nine num. 九 ninth num.第九 ‎1) Look! The students of the ______ grade are busy preparing for the final exams. (nine)‎ ‎2) We still need ________ more chairs for the meeting room. (ninth)‎ ‎4.nature n.自然, 自然界, 大自然 natural a.自然的, 自然界的 ‎1) Sichuan Earthquake is China’s biggest ________ disaster since 1949.(nature)‎ ‎2) We must keep the balance of the ________(natural).‎ ‎5.noise n.喧闹声, 噪声, 噪音 noisy a.吵杂的, 聒噪的 ‎1) Stop making _______. Your baby sister is sleeping now.(noisy)‎ ‎2) The neighbours complain about the ________ market.(noise)‎ O 1. one num. 一，一个pron.一个（人或物）a.某一once ad. 一次；一度；从前 n.一次;从前 1) ‎ For the time he became worried about the future because of the global financial crisis (金融危机). (one) ‎ 2) ‎ Tom has been to Japan_______(one)‎ ‎2.open v. 打开；开办 a.开着的；开放的；营业着的 opening n. 开放；孔；开口 ‎1) Would you mind if I ________the door?(open)‎ ‎2) There is an ________ in the fence.(open)‎ ‎3) Wasthe shop _______ when you came back last night?(open)‎ ‎3.organize v. 组织 organization n. 组织；团体 ‎1) WHO is the short form of the World Health _________. (organize) ‎ ‎2) Wally's job at present is to______ the school sports meeting.(organization) ‎ ‎4.operate v.操作, 运转, 开动 operation n.运转, 操作, 实施, 作用 ‎1) The little child will have another ______ next month. (operate)‎ ‎2) They wondered whether the ___________ was successful. (operate)‎ ‎5.office n.办公室, 办事处 officer n.政府官员, 军官 official a. 官方的, 正式的 ‎1) Tom went to his _________ on time yesterday.( officer)‎ ‎2) The _________is training the new soldiers.(office)‎ ‎3) French is one of ______ languages in Canada.(office)‎ ‎6.own a. 自己的, 特有的v.拥有 owner n.所有者, 业主 ‎1) I have my ______way to solve this problem.(owner) ‎ ‎2) She is the _______of this restaurant.(own)‎ P.‎ ‎1.paint v.（用颜料等）绘画；油漆n.涂料；颜料；油漆； painter n. 画家，漆工；‎ painting n. 绘画艺术；油画；水彩画；画 1) ‎ Some famous ____will come to the International Art Festival in Shanghai. (paint)‎ 2) ‎ I want to buy some yellow _______ to ______ the fence.‎ 3) ‎ The _________ by Monet is worth is large amount of money.‎ ‎4) Sally loves________. She wants to be a famous ________ when she grows up. (paint)‎ ‎2.physics n. 物理学 physical a. 物理学；身体的 ‎1) Ice can be turned into water. It is called _______ change.(physics)‎ ‎2) Ella didn't do well in ________. She only got a D.(physical)‎ ‎3.please v. （用于祈使句）请，使高兴，使满意 pleasant a. 令人愉快的 ‎ pleased a. 高兴的；满意的 pleasure n. 愉快；高兴；乐事 ‎1) --- What a __________ day! Let’s go for a picnic, shall we? ---Good idea! (please)‎ ‎2) It's a ________to have a picnic with all the family members.(please)‎ ‎3) My mother is ______ with me because I got an A of my English test.(please)‎ ‎4) We are very ________ with this _______ journey. (please)‎ ‎4.pollute v. 污染，弄脏； pollution n. 污染 ‎1) Many things ________our environment, such as waste water from factories, plastic bags and so on. (pollution)‎ ‎2) All the students in Shanghai should help fight to protect the environment. (pollute)‎ ‎3) We’d better not __________ rivers and oceans because they are important to us. (pollution)‎ ‎5.post n. 邮政；邮寄； v. 邮寄 postage n. 邮费 postman n. 邮递员 ‎1) Don't forget to ______ the letter when you pass the post office.(postman)‎ ‎2) How much is the ______for the letter to reach London by air mail.(post)‎ ‎3) The______'s job is to deliver letters and newspapers to every house.(post)‎ ‎6.power n. 力量；能源；电源v. 提供动力 powerful a. 强大的 ‎1) When you sit out here, you really can feel the ____________ of the sun. (powerful)‎ ‎2) I believe knowledge is more ________ than money. (power)‎ ‎7. practise v. 练习，操练 practice n. 练习；实践v.           ‎ ‎1) We should do more _______ in speaking English.(practise)‎ ‎2) Linda _________cycling every morning.(practise)‎ ‎8.professional a.职业的；专业的 professor n. 教授 ‎1) David Beckham is an excellent ________ football player.(professor)‎ ‎2)________Rubin will give a lecture next Wednesday.(professional)‎ ‎9. possible a.可能的, 可能存在或发生的 possibly ad.可能地, 或者 ‎ ‎ impossible a.不可能的, 不会发生的 ‎1) It’s really ________ for a child of five to take care of himself. (possible)‎ ‎2) We all know that it is ______ for an ordinary plane to reach the moon. (possible)‎ ‎3) It’s __________ for men to live on the moon because there is no air or water there. (possible) ‎ ‎4) It is ______ for me to recite such a long poem only in ten minute. (possible) ‎ ‎5) It is ________ to get to know a man in a couple of minutes. (possibly)‎ ‎6) It is ________ to improve our English with enough practice. (impossible)‎ ‎10. protect v.保护 protection n.保护 Young children should know how to ________ themselves when their parents aren’t at home. (protection)‎ ‎11. polite a.有礼貌的, 客气的 politely ad.客气地, 斯文地, 优雅地 The manager tried to deal ___________ with angry workers.(polite)‎ 12. ‎ proud a.自豪的, 得意的, 骄傲的 pride n.自豪, 自尊(心), 骄傲 1) ‎ We are _______ of our great country.( pride)‎ 2) ‎ Yao Ming is the ______ of Shanghai.(proud)‎ R.‎ ‎1.real a. 真的；真正的 really ad. 真正地；确实 realize v. 认识到；意识到 ‎1) Even at that time, people _______ the world warming would have the effect on the polar regions( 极地地区). ( real )‎ ‎2) The children were ________ excited when they saw the two pandas, Tuantuan and Yuanyuan. (real)‎ ‎3) I wonder what _____ happened to my grandfather. (real)‎ ‎2.recite v. 背诵 recitation n. 背诵；朗诵 ‎1) The________ by Class Four is quite dull.(recite)‎ ‎2) Could you ________ Lesson Fuor for us , Judy ?( recitation)‎ ‎3.record v.记录；唱片n. 记录；将（声音、影像等）录下 recorder n. 录音机 ‎1) Their dialogue was secretly_____. The recording was made public a year later. (recorder)‎ ‎2) Liu Xiang almost broke the world ______in Olympic Games.(recorder)‎ ‎4.report n. 报告；汇报；成绩单 v. 报告；汇报 reporter n. 记者 ‎1) Jack wants to be a newspaper ________ like his father when he grows up. (report)‎ ‎2) The farmer _____ what they say in the sky last night to the local government.(reporter)‎ ‎5.red n.红色, a.（ redder, reddest) 红色的 ‎1) The boy’s face turned still______ after the headmaster praised him. (red )‎ ‎2) After hearing the old woman’s words, Linda’s face turned still ________ ( red )‎ ‎6.review v./n. 回顾, 复习 revision n.修订, 修改, 修正, 修订本 ‎1) The teacher asked the students to ______ their lesson before the test.(revision)‎ ‎2) The students are busy with their general _______these days.(revise)‎ ‎7.rob v.抢夺, 抢掠, 剥夺 robber n.强盗, 盗贼 robbery n.抢掠, 抢夺 There was a bank ______ in this area. Five ______ _____ the bank.( rob)‎ S ‎1. sad a. 悲伤的 sadly ad. 悲伤地；难过地 He looked very ________ when he learnt all the crops were destroyed. (sadly)‎ ‎2.safe a. 安全的；平安的 safely ad. 安全地；平安地 ‎ safety n. 安全 save v. 救；节约；储蓄 ‎1) Our ships sail _______in the Indian Ocean with the help of the Chinese warships. (safe)‎ ‎2) The doctors tried their best to the patient’s life, but failed. (safe)‎ ‎3) There are more and more new drivers in our city. They should drive ____ on the road.(safe)‎ ‎4) We should obey traffic rules in order to keep ourselves __________. (save) ‎ ‎5) Dogs can help blind people walk across the street_________.(safe)‎ ‎3.science n. 科学；自然科学 scientist n. 科学家 ‎1) His ambition is to be a ________ when he grows up. (science) ‎ ‎2) Many _________are working on genie project.(science)‎ ‎3)The famous ___________ can speak 3 languages. (science)‎ ‎4.second n.第二人（或物）秒a.第二位的,次要的ad. 居第二位 secondary a.中等的,第二的 ‎1) My parents are both teaching in the same __________.(second)‎ ‎2 )Mary has been to Beijing________(second).‎ ‎5.serve v. 为……服务 service n. 服务；公用事业 ‎1) Peter has _____ the company for 25 years, first as office boy and finally as salesmanager. (service)‎ ‎2) Are there any taxi __________in the small city? (serve)‎ ‎3) "Your job is to ________customers well. Please keep it in mind," the manager told the waiters.(service)‎ ‎6. slow a. 慢的 slowly ad. 慢慢地 ‎1) Something is wrong with my foot. I have to walk _________. (slow)‎ ‎2) The old man runs much more _______ than before.(slow)‎ ‎7.soft a. 柔软的；温柔的 softly ad. 柔软地；温柔地；轻轻地 The young mother is singing ________ to her baby son now. (soft)‎ ‎8.solve v. 解决；解答 solution n. 解决（方法）；解答 What is the __________ to your trouble? (solve) ‎ ‎9.speak v. 说；讲（某种语言 speech n. 发言；演讲 ‎1) More and more foreigners are learning to ________ Chinese nowadays. (speech)‎ ‎2) The new manager will _______ at the meeting tomorrow.(speech).‎ ‎3) What do you think of his ______ at the meeting ? (speak)‎ ‎4) Who will give us a ________ tomorrow ? (speak) ‎ ‎10.succeed v. 成功 success n. 成功 successful a. 成功的 ‎1) The policemen ______ in saving the boy within two hours.(success)‎ ‎2) Miss Black hopes that she will ______ in finding a good job soon. (success)‎ ‎3) The girl has worked hard for many years and finally she has got great _____. (succeed)‎ ‎4) Mary always__________ in writing stories about the successful people for the school newspaper. (success) ‎ ‎5) I’m sure they will ________ in reaching the top of the mountain tomorrow. (success)‎ ‎6) Bolt in winning the gold medal in the 2019 Beijing Olympic Games.(success)‎ ‎7) He __________ in solving the case last month. (successful)‎ ‎11.suggest v. 建议 suggestion n. 建议 ‎1) I________ we see a film about the Anti-Japanese War. (suggestion)‎ ‎2) It’s raining heavily. I’d ________you call a taxi home now. (suggestion)‎ ‎3) He has made quite a lot of _______ about how to improve our work and we should thank him.(suggest)‎ ‎12.sleep v.睡, 睡觉 sleepy a.困乏的, 欲睡的 sleepless a.失眠的 ‎ ‎ asleep a.睡着的, 睡熟的 ‎1) He fell ___________ during the lecture yesterday afternoon. (sleep)‎ ‎2) He spends many ___________ nights thinking about the tough problem. (sleep)‎ ‎3) The____boy wanted to go to bed quickly.(sleep)‎ ‎13.spot n.斑点, 污点 spotless a.没有污点的 spotlessly ad. 没有斑点地，洁白地 ‎1）The carpet in the living room is ___________ clean. Please take care when entering it. (spot)‎ ‎2）Judy is good housewife, so her home is always______.(spot)‎ ‎14.surprise n.惊奇, 诧异, 惊人之事, 奇袭 vt.使惊奇, 奇袭 surprised a.感到惊讶的 ‎ surprising a.令人惊讶的 ‎1) The next day, thy boy was ________ to see the ground was covered with snow. (surprise)‎ ‎2) The professor was very ________ and planned to study it further. (surprise)‎ ‎3) It was ___________ to see our monitor Lily here at that time. (surprise)‎ T.‎ ‎1.tour n./v 旅行, 游历, 旅游 tourist n.旅行者, 旅游者 ‎1) There were many ____ coming to Shanghai during the seven-day National Day holiday. (tour) ‎ ‎2) I'll make a ______ plan for this summer holiday.(tourist)‎ ‎2.tradition n. 传统, 惯例 traditional a.传统的, 惯例的 ‎1) _____Beijing opera has been added to the music courses in 200 schools in China. (tradition)‎ ‎2) What is the ______ food for the Christmas? (tradition)‎ ‎3) Cormorant fishing is a __________ Chinese skill. (tradition)‎ ‎3.twelve num.十二 twelfth num.第十二 ‎1) Ben thinks the lesson of this book is very interesting. (twelve)‎ ‎2) The Smiths moved into their new house which is on the floor. (twelve)‎ ‎3) December is the_________ month of a year.(twelve)‎ ‎4.true a. 真实的, 真正的 truth n.事实, 确实, 真理 truly ad.真实地, 不假 ‎1) Danny opened his heart to Mrs Morgan and told her the ________. (true)‎ ‎2) We are _________ thankful for all your help.(true)‎ ‎3) Don't believe her. I can __________ say that she did not tell us the __________. (true)‎ ‎4) Don't believe her. I can ________say that she did not tell us the _________. (true)‎ U.‎ ‎1.usual a. 通常的 usually ad.通常 unusual a. 不寻常的 ‎1) It’s _________for him to be active today as he is always a man of few words. (usual)‎ ‎2) It is _________ for such a small boy to get the first prize in the long jump. ( usual )‎ ‎3) It’s ____________ to see such a heavy snow in this warm place. (usual)‎ ‎4) Snow is a/an__________ sight in this warm place.(usual)‎ ‎2.use v. 使用；利用 useful a. 有用的；有益的 used a.习惯于……的；用旧的 ‎1) Computers are becoming more and more________ in our life.( use)‎ ‎2) If each of us can plant a tree and build a birdhouse, the world will be more beautiful. It is very easy but ________. (use)‎ ‎3) His penfriends often give him some ___________ advice. (use) ‎ ‎3.visit v. 参观，访问 visitor n. 参观者；访问者 ‎1) Now more and more ___________ are coming to visit China from other countries.(visit)‎ ‎2) Shanghai is full of __________ during May and June. (visit)‎ ‎3) This month Beijing welcomes thousands of ______from around the country. They’re for meetings. (visit ) ‎ ‎4.wait v. 等候；伺候 waiter n. 服务员 waitress n. 女服务员 ‎1)The young man works as a ________ in a five-star hotel. (wait)‎ ‎2) The man's wife works as a __________ in a restaurant.(wait)‎ ‎5.wide a. 宽阔的；广泛的 widely ad.宽阔地，广泛地 widen v. 拓宽 ‎1) The town government has decided to ______ this main street. (widely)‎ ‎2) As we all know, computers are ____________ used in our daily life. (wide)‎ ‎3) English is __________used all over the world.(wide) ‎ ‎4) The town government has decided to ________ this main street. (wide)‎ ‎5) You must read ________ so as to learn more. (wide)‎ ‎6) The government has decided to ______ most of the narrow streets in Shanghai to make traffic flow better. (wide)‎ ‎7) Now the good method is used in the experiments. (wide) ‎ ‎6.win v. 获胜；赢得 winner n. 获胜者 ‎1) All the ________ of the game will be given a nice present tomorrow. ( win)‎ ‎2) Who was the ___________ of the high jump? (win)‎ ‎7.wonder v. 想知道；对……感到奇怪； n. 奇迹 wonderful a.极好的；精彩的 ‎ ‎1) The little girl plays piano ____________. (wonder)‎ ‎2) It is really __________ to raise the dogs because they can help humans to hunt. (wonder)‎ ‎8.wood n. 木头 wooden a. 木（质）的 ‎1) Quite a few ________houses have been built for the tourists around the lake.(wood)‎ ‎2) Jane’s father bought her a __________ toy as her birthday present. (wood)‎ ‎9.wound v. 伤害 n. 创伤 wounded a. 受伤的 ‎1) He got several ________on his body during the war.(wounded)‎ ‎2) The_______people were sent to hospital at once after the accident.(wound)‎ ‎10.write v. 写；写字；写信；写作 writer n. 作家 ‎1)He is one of the famous_____________ (write) in the world.‎ ‎2)Who is the _________of the book War and Peace? (write)‎ ‎3)Tom, what are you going to be in the future, a scientist or a ________? (write)‎