九年级Unit 1 Topic 1基础知识梳理 6页

九年级Unit 1 Topic 1基础知识梳理 一、词汇 ‎1.take place [teɪk//pleɪs] 发生，进行 (有计划)‎ The accident took place yesterday.这场事故发生于昨天。‎ A change took place in my heart.我的内心发生了一些变化。‎ The Olympics take place every four years.奥运会每四年举行一次。‎ 2. volunteer [vɒlənˈtɪə] n.志愿者 He is a volunteer in that hospital.他是那家医院的志愿者。‎ We need volunteers to help clean the parks.我们需要志愿者帮忙打扫公园。‎ 3. bell [bel] n.钟(铃)声；铃，钟 I didn’t hear the bell,didn’t you?‎ He went to the door and rang the bell.他走向门口，摁响了门铃。‎ There goes the bell.铃响了。‎ There is an old-fashioned bell on the wall.墙上有一台老式钟。‎ 4. Africa ['æfrɪkə] n.非洲 I went to Africa last year.‎ African n.非洲人；非洲的；非洲人的 5. disabled [dɪsˈeɪb(ə)ld]adj.残疾的，残废的 He was born disabled.他天生残疾。‎ the disabled n 残障人士 6. shut [ʃʌt]v.关闭，关上 ‎ He shut the book and looked up.他合上书本，抬起头。‎ I shut my eyes and listened to some music.=close我闭上眼听音乐。‎ It’s time to shut the shop.=close该关店门了。‎ shut off 关掉 (水、油、煤气等）‎ Don’t forget to shut off the water supply.别忘了关闭供水系统。‎ shut up(口语，不礼貌）闭嘴；住口 Oh，shut up!I don’t want to hear your any excuses.哦，闭嘴！我不想听你任何借口。‎ 7. ever ['evə]adv.在任何时候;从来;曾经 Nothing ever made him angry.没有什么曾经让他生气。‎ Have you ever played soccer?你踢过足球吗？‎ He hardly ever plays computer games.他几乎不玩电脑游戏。‎ I will remember you for ever.我会永远记得你。‎ From then on,I worked harder than ever before.从那时起，我比以往任何时候都刻苦。2015河北中考 8. rope [rəʊp]n.绳子，绳索 We tied his hands together with a rope.我们用绳子把他的手捆在一起。‎ Girls like playing jump rope games .女孩们喜欢跳绳。‎ 9. narrow[ˈnærəʊ]adj.狭窄的 This road is too narrow to get through for a car.这条路太窄了，汽车过不去。‎ There was a narrow bridge over the river.河上有一座很窄的桥。‎ 10. communication[kəmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n]n.交流;交往;通讯 Communication with Americans is easy if you know English.如果你懂英语的话，和美国人交流很容易。‎ Mobile phones are widely used for communication.手机广泛用于沟通交流。‎ Communication system have made it much easier to learn at home.通信系统使得在家学习更加容易。‎ communicate v.(与......交流）；沟通 6‎ We often use Wechat to communicate with friends now.‎ 2. various [ˈveərɪəs] adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的 There are various ways of doing this.做这件事有多种办法。‎ Now we have various ways to study English.现在我们有各种各样的方式学习英语。‎ 3. report[rɪ'pɔːt] n.&v. 报告，汇报 I have a report this Friday.这个周五我有一场报告。‎ He reported the accident to the police as soon as it happened.事故一发生，他就报警了。‎ It is reported that...据报道......‎ It is reported that it will rain hard tomorrow.据报道明天将有大雨。‎ Mr.Wang will give us a report on education next Monday.下周一王先生要给我们作一个有关教育的报告。‎ 4. keep in touch with sb.=stay in touch with sb 跟……保持联系 They have kept in touch with each other until now.直到现在他们还一直保持联系。‎ Now many Chinese people use Wechat to keep in touch with each other .现在很多中国人用微信互相联系。‎ get in touch with 与......取得联系 5. relative ['relətɪv]n.亲属，亲戚 Her relatives and friends hold a birthday party for her.他的亲戚朋友为他举办了一场生日聚会。‎ On Spring Festivel，relatives will give children lucky money.春节，亲戚会给孩子们发红包。‎ 6. telegram [ˈtelɪɡræm]n.电报；电文 You can send him a telegram.你可以给他发一封电报。‎ He received a telegram .他收到了一封电文。‎ People don't use telegram now.现在人们不再使用电报了。‎ 7. rapid [ˈræpɪd] adj.快的，迅速的 Be brave,and you will make rapid progress in your spoken English.‎ 勇敢点，你的英语口语会进步很快。‎ 比较：fast 人或物体移动快；quick 人做事快不拖延；rapid事物变化速度快 The train goes faster than the bus.火车比公共汽车快。‎ Be quick!The bus is leaving.快点，公共汽车要开了。‎ rapidly adv.‎ China is developing rapidly.‎ China has developed rapidly since the reform and opening-up.‎ 自从改革开放，中国发展非常迅速。‎ 8. since [sɪns]prep.自……以后，从……以来 I have never met him since last month.从上个月以来，我还从未见过他。‎ I have been busy since I came back.自从回来我就一直忙着。‎ We have known each other since we were nine or ten.自从孩童时期我们就已经相互认识。‎ It has been 5 years since we met last time.自从上次我们见面已经五年了。‎ Since then,she has been in love with square dancing.从那时起，她就爱上了广场舞。‎ Miss White has taught us English since three years ago.从三年前开始，怀特小姐一直教我们英语。 ‎ 9. reform[rɪˈfɔːm]n.改革，改良 The reform of educationg system is necesarry.教育系统改革是必需的。‎ reform and opening-up China has carried out the policy of reform and opening-up since 1978.‎ 10. satisfy[ˈsætɪsfaɪ]v.使满意，使满足 None of these can satisfy him.没有什么能让他满意。‎ It's difficult to satisfy everyone.让每个人都满意很难。‎ 同族词：satisfying 令人满意的 satisfied 6‎ He got a satisfying job.他找到一个令人满意的工作。‎ be satisfied with sb/sth She is never satisfied with what she has got.她对所拥有的从未满意过。 ‎ I am satisfied with you.我对你很满意。‎ 2. medical[ˈmedɪk(ə)l]adj.医学的；医疗的 The country is reforming the medical system.国家正在进行医疗改革。‎ She is doing medical research.她正在做医学研究。‎ I think medical level in the city is better than that in the countryside.我认为城市的医疗水平比农村的高。‎ 3. cellphone n.移动电话，手机=mobile phone I lost my cellphone.‎ Cellphones play an important role in our daily life.手机在我们的日常生活中作用很大。‎ 4. fax[fæks]n.传真；传真机 He is fixing the fax.他在修传真机。‎ 5. machine[mə'ʃiːn]n.机器，机械 Machines make our life easier.机器让我们的生活更加便捷。‎ The work is done by machine.这项工作是由机器完成的。‎ There is a washing machine in the dormitory.宿舍里有一台洗衣机。‎ 24. progress['prəʊɡres]n.进步;进展;v.进展;逐步发展 He made rapid progress this year.今年他取得很大的进步。‎ The progress of science is unstoppable.科学的进步是不可阻挡的。‎ make progress 取得进步 Hold on and you will make great progress.坚持下去你就会取得很大的进步。‎ The more we practice,the more progress we will make.我们练习得越多，取得的进步越多。‎ 25. already[ɔːl'redi]adv.已经（常与现在完成时连用，一般用在肯定句中，在否定句和疑问句中用yet。）‎ He has already gone.他已经离开了。‎ I have already finished my homework.I finished it an hour ago.我已经完成了作业。我一个小时前完成的。‎ 26. succeed in doing sth.成功地做了某事 He succeeded in passing the exam.他成功地通过了考试。‎ They has succeeded in getting to the top of the Mountain Tai.他们成功地登上了泰山山顶。‎ China will succeed in hosting the 2022 Winter Olympics.中国会成功举办2022年冬奥会。‎ 27. pleased[pliːzd]adj.高兴的 He has a pleased smile on his face.他的脸上显出满意的笑容。‎ be pleased to do sth I am pleased to know that you will come to see me.知道你要来看我，我很高兴。‎ be pleased with sb/sth The boss should be pleased with you.‎ We are pleased with the job and the pay.我们对这份工作和薪水都很满意。‎ be pleased that I am pleased that you can come.我很高兴你能来。‎ 同族词：please，pleasant,pleasing,pleasure It is hard to please her.Everything must be perfect.让她满意很难。一切都要求完美。‎ His speech is pleasing.他的演讲令人满意。‎ 28. leisure n.空闲，闲暇，业余时间 Today we have more leisure to enjoy our life.现在我们有更多的闲暇时间来享受生活。‎ Leisure activities play an important part in people’s lives.休闲活动在人们的生活中作用很大。‎ 29. hide[haɪd]v.躲藏；遮挡；隐瞒hide-hid-hidden 6‎ Are you hiding from me？你和我藏起来了吗？‎ The boy hid his basketball under the bed.那个男孩把篮球藏在床底下。‎ She hid her face in her hands.她用双手捂住脸。‎ You shouldn’t hide the truth of the matter.你不应该隐瞒事实真相。‎ 24. hide -and- seek n.捉迷藏游戏 Children like playing hide -and -seek.孩子们喜欢玩捉迷藏。‎ 25. chess[tʃes]n.国际象棋 Do you know how to play chess?你知道如何下国际象棋吗？‎ I began to learn to play chess at the age of 7.我七岁的时候开始学下国际象棋。‎ 26. radio['reɪdɪəʊ]n.收音机 I like listening to the radio in the morning .我早晨喜欢听广播。‎ 27. spare [speə]adj.空闲的；空余的 =free We have a spare bedroon,if you’d like to stay.如果你愿意就住下吧，我们多出来一间卧室。‎ What do you like to do in your spare time?你业余时间喜欢做什么？‎ Many children use Internet to get useful information and to relax in their spare time.‎ 很多孩子使用互联网获取有用的信息，在业余时间放松自己。‎ 28. recent[ˈriːsənt]adj.近来的，最近的 What are you doing in recent days?最近这些天，你在干什么？‎ In recent years,more and more people like to travel durinng vacation.最近这些年，越来越多的人喜欢在假期去旅游。‎ recently adv. I haven’t seen them recently.我最近没见过他们。‎ 29. abroad[ə'brɔːd]adv.在国外；到国外 I want to go abroad.我想出国。‎ I missed my family very much when I went abroad for further study.我出国深造时非常想念我的家人。‎ The TV program is popular both at home and abroad.这个电视节目在国内外都很受欢迎。‎ 二、重点短语和句子 SectionA ‎1.Did you have a good summer holiday 暑假过得愉快 ‎2. Rita,you have just come back from your hometown. 从......回来 ‎3. Great changes have taken place there and my hometown has become more and more beautiful.那儿发生了很大的变化,我的家乡已经变得越来越美丽。‎ ‎4. Where have you been, Jane? 你去过哪里，简？‎ ‎5.I have been to Mount Huang with my parents. have/has been to 去过(已经回来）‎ ‎6. She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer and she ...... have/has gone to 去了（还没回来） ‎ ‎7. There goes the bell. 铃响了。‎ SectionB ‎1.I haven’t seen you for a long time.我好久没见你了。（for+一段时间，用在现在完成时中）‎ ‎2.You took part in some volunteer activities......,didn’t you?反义疑问句 It’s a love day,isn’t it?‎ ‎3.a disabled children’s home 一个残疾儿童之家 ‎4.Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy.虽然我没有时间去旅行，但是我仍然感到很开心。‎ ‎5.To help others makes us happy.帮助别人让我们快乐。‎ SectionC ‎1. She has seen the changes in Beijing herself她亲眼目睹了北京的变化。‎ see sth. oneself 亲眼所见某物 ‎2.Few children had the chance to receive a good education. 几乎没有孩子有受教育的机会。‎ ‎ have a/the chance to......有机会做......‎ 6‎ 3. People get in touch with their friends and relatives far away maily by letter or telegram.‎ 人们和远方的亲戚朋友保持联系主要靠信件或电报。‎ keep in touch with 与...保持联系 far away 遥远的 ‎4.China has developed rapidly since the reform......自从改革开放，中国发展迅速。‎ develop/improve rapidly 迅速发展/改善 ‎5.Beijing has made rapid progress and it has succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic games 北京已经取得巨大的进步，它成功举办了2008北京奥运会。‎ make progress 取得进步 succeed/be successful in doing sth. 成功地做某事 6. I think it’s important to remember the past,live in the present and dream about the future.‎ 我认为牢记过去，活在当下，梦想未来是很重要的。‎ dream about （doing）sth.梦想（做）某事 SectionD 1. Leisure activities are the kinds of things (that/which)people like to do to relax and enjoy themselves ... 定语从句，修饰things。‎ 2. ‎......to spend on various kinds of leisure activities.多种多样的 3. Many people stay at home having a rest,reading books and watching TV. 现在分词短语作伴随状语 三、重点语法——现在完成时（ǀ） ‎ ‎1.现在完成时的构成：助动词have/has+过去分词。它的肯定式、否定式、疑问式和答语的结构（以work为例）:‎ 肯定式 I (You)have worked. He (She/It) has worked. We (You/They) have worked.‎ 否定式 I (You) have not/haven’t worked. He (She/It) has not/hasn’t worked.‎ We (You/They) have not/haven’t worked.‎ 疑问式 Have I (you) worked? Has he (she/it) worked? Have we (you/they) worked?‎ 简单回答 Yes, you (I) have. / No, you (I) have not/haven’t.‎ Yes, he (she/it) has. / No, he (she/it) has not/hasn’t.‎ Yes, you (we/they) have. / No, you (we/they) have not/haven’t. ‎ ‎2. 现在完成时的用法：‎ ‎（1） 现在完成时用来表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。也就是说，动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在，强调的是现在。 ‎ I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照片。 ‎ 与此种用法连用的时间状语是一些模糊的过去时间状语，如already（肯定句句中）, yet（否定句/疑问句句尾）, just, before, recently,still, lately,never等。‎ ‎（2）现在完成时也可用来表示动作或状态发生在过去某一时刻，持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。 ‎ He has lived here since 1978.自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。(动作起始于1978年，一直住到现在，可能还要继续住下去。) ‎ 此种用法常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点或过去时的句子）连用。谓语动词必须是延续性动词。‎ ‎（3）have/ has been与 have/has gone 的区别 have (has) been to ＋某地，说明到过某地，说话时已回来 have (has) gone to ＋某地，说明去某地了，说话时还没回来。‎ 例句： ‎ He has been to Beijing three times. 他去过北京三次。‎ I have been to Mount Huang with my parents.我和父母已经去过黄山了。‎ He has gone to Wuhan. 他到武汉去了。‎ She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer.她已经去古巴当志愿者了 ‎3..有些瞬间动词的完成时和一段时间连用时，要变为延续动词： ‎ buy---have 　　come ----be 　　begin-be on catch a cold----have a cold borrow--keep die----be dead 　　leave-be away (from) close-be closed go out----be out 　　‎ 6‎ finish----be over 　　 open----be open 　　fall ill---be ill 　　join-be a member of/be in I have had this car for 5 years.(正) I have bought this car for 5 years.(误)‎ The film has been on for half an hour.(正) The film has begun for half an hour.(误)‎ 6‎