备战2021 中考英语 导练案 考点32 任务型阅读之还原句子 （教师版） 28页

考点32任务型阅读之还原句子阅读短文还原句子的文章一般为200—250词左右，设空位置一般为三种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题中段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。其主要考查：1.学生能理解故事情节和事件发展顺序。2.学生能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系。二、满分技巧1.解题步骤（1）读选项，画关键词，暗排序。（2）读文章，找逻辑，抓过渡词。（3）先易后难来解题。（4）回读文章定答案。2.得分技巧（1）抓住过渡词，看住上下句。（2）盯紧横线的前后词语。通过学生对这类题型的解题步骤、思路及技巧的练习和实践，可总结出以下复习策略：1.养成限时阅读的习惯，提高阅读速度。培养学生的阅读技能，处理好阅读速度与效率问题。阅读速度应控制在每篇5分钟，每分钟40—50个词为宜。2.注意常考点。平时练习多注意代词（如it，this，they）、选项的句内关系（如因果、转折）及重现（文章与选项的复现提示）等。3.解题技巧通读全文，了解文章大意。根据文章整体结构、具体内容，并结合关键词，将选项填入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。1.如果问题设在段首（1）通常是段落的主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找相关的词，推断出主题句。（2）与后文是并列，转折，因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词，通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句之间会有某种的衔接手段。\n（3）段落间的过渡句。这时要瞻前顾后找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。2.如果问题设在段尾（1）空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。（2）通常是结论，概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果结论，总结等的信号词，如：Therefore，asaresult，thus，hence，inshort，tosumup，toconclude，inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。（3）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折对比的关联词，同时注意选项中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。（4）与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细节，因此，根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常选项中会出现表示并列或递进关系的关联词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他线索。（5）所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下一段的开头是否有一定的衔接，认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接起来。（6）如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题，通常文章第一段要提出文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案应有这样的特征词。AMostofushavemadeanexerciseplan,butonlyafewcanfollowit.WebMD(anAmericanwebsite)haslistedthefollowingtipsformakingexerciseahabitinyourlife.___41___Remember,there'snorulethatsaysyouhavetogotoasportscenterorbuyequipmentlikeswimmingsuits.Manytypesofactivities,suchaspush﹣up,canbedonewheneveritisrainyorsnowy.___42___Don'tgohomefirst.Fewpeoplearesomotivatedthattheywillgooutagainandexerciseaftertheygohomeandchangeclothes.___43___Tirednessisnotanexcuse.Whileexercising,youbreathedeeplyandyourbodymakesbetteruseoftheoxygenexchange.Then,youwillfeelenergetic.\n___44___It'sgreatwhenyourclothesfitbetter.Youcanliftheavierthingsortakeexerciselonger.There'ssomethinggoodtoo,likegettingagoodnight'ssleeporthinkingmoreclearly.___45___Noteveryonecanstartoutwith10,000stepsaday.Useapedometer,andfindoutyourdailysteps.Andthen,tryyourbesttowalk300extrastepseachday.Finally,youcanreach10,000stepsaday.A.Exerciseafterwork.B.Recordyourdailysteps.C.Doactivitiesyouenjoy.D.Exerciseevenwhenyouaretired.E.Noticethatyouarebetterthanbefore.【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.E45.B【解析】我们大多数人都制定了锻炼计划，但只有少数人可以遵循。文章列出了一些技巧可以使锻炼成为一种习惯。41题详解】根据Remember,there'snorulethatsaysyouhavetoManytypesofactivities可知意为“并没有规则说你必须做……活动类型有许多种”由此推知，此处强调做自己喜欢的活动。故选C。【42题详解】根据Don'tgohomefirst.Fewpeoplearesomotivatedthattheywillgooutagainandexerciseaftertheygohomeandchangeclothes.可知不要先回家，不然会没有动力再出去。因此应是工作后就锻炼。故选A。【43题详解】根据Tirednessisnotanexcuse.意为“疲倦不是借口。”因此应是即使累了也要锻炼。故选D。【44题详解】根据It'sgreatwhenyourclothesfitbetter.Youcanliftheavierthingsortakeexerciselonger.There'ssomethinggoodtoo,likegettingagoodnight'ssleeporthinkingmoreclearly.可知全段落用的都是比较级，因此我们要注意到自己比以前更好。故选E。【45题详解】根据Useapedometer,andfindoutyourdailysteps.意为“使用计步器，找出您的日常步数。”因此此段是记录您的日常步数。故选B。B\nHowtoInventaProduct___16___It'sunnecessarytothinkofsomethingthatnoonehaseverthoughtofbefore.Justaskyourselfwhatexactlyyouaretryingtoimproveorsolve?Ifyouwanttobuildabetterdustmop(拖把),howwillitbebetter?Whatinterestingorimportantpartdoesithave?Whatcouldyoudodifferently?___17___Trycomingupwith15solutionsinaminute,nomatterhowcrazy.Orchooseoneofthesolutionsandaskhowisthatlikemyidea?"Howandwhydoesitwork?""When,whereandhowisitused?""Howisitdescribed?"Letyourquestionsandimaginationcomeupwithnewideasorfindadifferentwayoflookingataproblem___18___Visitstoresthatofferproductssimilartowhatyourswilldoandevengoasfarastoaskstoreworkersforproductstheymightsellwithasimilarpurpose.Ifyouhaveanameforyourproductcreated,searchthistofindoutwhetheritisalreadybeingused.___19___Thisisoftenthelongestpartofinventing!ThomasEdison'slabtestedmorethan6,000differentmaterialsforlightbulbsbeforetheycameupwithonethatworked.Makethemodeluntilitworksthewayyouwant.Sometimesyoumightdiscoveranentirelydifferentidea.___20___Whenyouthinkyou'vegoteverythingready,it'stimetomakeaworkingmodelofyourinvention---aprototype.Thisiswhatyou'llusetoshowpeoplewhatitwilllooklikeandhowitwillwork.Youcanusethisprototypetoshowandintroducetothepeoplewhomighthaveinterest.A.Researchyourinvention.B.BrainstormC.Askforadvice.D.Findaproblemworthsolving.E.Makeyourinventiontoareality.F.Build,test,rebuild,repeat.【答案】16.D17.B18.A19.F20.E【解析】本文介绍了发明一个产品的过程：找到一个值得解决的问题；想出很多方法；调查和你的发明相似的产品；反复实验和重做；让发明成为现实。\n【16题详解】根据“Justaskyourselfwhatexactlyyouaretryingtoimproveorsolve?”可知，此处表示找到一个可以提高或解决的方法，因此是找到一个可以值得解决的问题，故选D。【17题详解】根据“Trycomingupwith15solutionsinaminute,nomatterhowcrazy.”可知，此处表示进行头脑风暴，想出一些解决方法。故选B。【18题详解】根据“Visitstoresthatofferproductssimilartowhatyourswilldoandevengoasfarastoaskstoreworkersforproductstheymightsellwithasimilarpurpose.”可知，去调查一些和你的发明相似的产品，故选A。【19题详解】根据“ThomasEdison'slabtestedmorethan6,000differentmaterialsforlightbulbsbeforetheycameupwithonethatworked.Makethemodeluntilitworksthewayyouwant.Sometimesyoumightdiscoveranentirelydifferentidea.”可知，此处表示反复的实验，重做，故选F。【20题详解】根据“Whenyouthinkyou'vegoteverythingready,it'stimetomakeaworkingmodelofyourinvention---aprototype.”可知，此处表示让发明成为现实，故选E。CTobeaSuccessfulOnlineLearnerYoumaybeoneoftheincreasingnumberofstudentswhoisdoingtheonlinelearning.Followthesetipstohelpyoubeasuccessfulonlinelearner._____16_____Manystudentsthinkthatonlineclassesrequirelessworkandaremucheasier.Infact,onlineclasseshavesimilarrequirementstothetraditionalcourses.Bepreparedtodoatleastsixhoursofworkaweekinanonlinecourse.Duringtheweeksoffinalsandmidterms,youneedtomakefarmoreefforts._____17_____Everycoursehaslearningobjectives.Courseobjectivesarethebasicthingforthecourse.Activities,tasks,andtest—infact,everythinginacourseisfromtheobjectives.Ifyouunderstandthecourseobjectives,youwillunderstandwhatisexpectedofyouintheclass._____18_____Studentslearnindifferentways,andtheteachersoftenusedifferentkindsofteachingskillstomeettheneedsofdifferentlearningstyles.Givenewwaysoflearningatry,eveniftheyseemdifferentfromwhatyou'reusedto.Trytousetechnologytomakelearningbetter._____19_____Mostcommunicationinanonlinecoursehappensthroughthewrittenword.Discussionboard,\nwrittentasks,andemailsareallcommonwaysofcommunicationinonlinecourses.Thisisdifferentfromtraditionalclasses,wherealotofcommunicationisbytalkingfacetoface.Bepreparedtoreadandwritealotinonlinecourses.____20____Ifyouhavequestionsorhaveproblemsinunderstanding,askyourteachersforhelp.Yourteacherwon'tknowifyoudon'tunderstandsomethingunlessyoutellhimorher.Don'twaituntilyou'vemissedthechancetobeabetterlearner.Ifyoufollowthesuggestedtipsyoucansucceedatonlinelearning,andenjoytheexperienceallatonce.A.BeopentothenewwaysoflearningB.PayattentiontothecourselearningobjectivesC.Donotloweryourself-requirementsD.Makeanewtimetablefortheonlinelearning.E.Trytousethewaysoflearningactively.F.Bereadytoaskquestionsintime.【答案】16.C17.B18.A19.E20.F【解析】这篇短文就如何成为成功的网上学习者给出了几点建议。【16题详解】本段主要介绍不要以为网课需要少量工作更简单实际上网课和传统课程是相似的，所以不能降低自我要求，故选C。【17题详解】根据“Everycoursehaslearningobjectives.Courseobjectivesarethebasicthingforthecourse.”可知本段介绍课程学习目标的重要性，所以要关注课程学习目标，故选B。【18题详解】根据“Givenewwaysoflearningatry,eveniftheyseemdifferentfromwhatyou'reusedto.Trytousetechnologytomakelearningbetter.”可知要接受新的学习方式，故选A。【19题详解】根据“Thisisdifferentfromtraditionalclasses,wherealotofcommunicationisbytalkingfacetoface.Bepreparedtoreadandwritealotinonlinecourses”可知要积极运用学习方法，故选E。【20题详解】根据“Ifyouhavequestionsorhaveproblemsinunderstanding,askyourteachersforhelp.”可知提出的建议和问问题有关，即要及时提问问题，故选F。\nDResearchershavediscoveredthat，ingeneral，itonlytakessevensecondsforapersontostartmakingjudgmentsaboutyouwhentheyfirstmeetyou．That'swhyyoushouldfollowtheseusefultipsonhowtocreateagoodfirstimpression（印象）．_______46_______Beforemeetingsomeone，startthinkingaboutthepurposeofthemeeting．Areyoutryingtoimpressthem？Forexample，ifyouwanttomakenewfriendsatasocialevent，youwillwanttoappearfriendly．Andifyoudecidetorunforclasspresidentatyourschool，youwillneedtoappearconfident．_______47_______Smilingisthemostimportantthingyoucandowhenmeetingsomeonenew．Itshowsthatyou'refriendlyandmakespeoplearoundyoufeelmorecomfortable．Tohaveawinningsmile，makesureyourteetharecleanbybrushingthemeveryday．_______48_______Beforeyoubeginspeaking，youwillbejudgedonyourbodylanguage．Therefore，it'simportanttoshowtrustinyourselfbystandinguptallandputtingyourshouldersback．Besides，ifyouuncrossyourarms，youwillappearrelaxedandfriendly．_______49_______Howyousmellcaninfluencepeople'sfirstimpressionofyou．Ifyouhaveabadbodysmell，itwillputpeopleoff．Inshort，aimtosmellcleanandavoidputtingonalotofscentedproducts．_______50_______Whatyouwearmatters．Whileyoushouldlookcleanandtidy，it'salsoimportanttodressproperly，whetheryou'regoingtoabirthdaypartyorasportingevent．Youshouldthinkaboutwhatyourclothessayaboutyou．A.DresstoimpressB.BecarefulaboutyourbodylanguageC.SmellgoodD.AsmilegoesalongwayE.Decidewhatimage（形象）youwanttopresent【答案】46.E47.D48.B49.C50.A【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述当一个人第一次见到你时，他只需要7秒钟就开始对你做出判断，详细地介绍了一些有用的技巧来帮助你创造一个好的第一印象。【46题详解】根据后句“Areyoutryingtoimpressthem”可知说的是展示形象，结合选项，应说决定你想要展示什么形象，E选项“Decidewhatimageyouwanttopresent”符合。故选E。\n【47题详解】根据后句“Tohaveawinningsmile,makesureyourteetharecleanbybrushingthemeveryday”可知说的是微笑，D选项“Asmilegoesalongway一个微笑影响深远”符合。故选D。【48题详解】根据后句“Beforeyoubeginspeaking,youwillbejudgedonyourbodylanguage”可知说的是肢体语言，B选项“Becarefulaboutyourbodylanguage注意你的肢体语言”符合。故选B。【49题详解】根据后句“Howyousmellcaninfluencepeople'sfirstimpressionofyou”可知说的是味道，C选项“Smellgood好闻”符合，故选C。【50题详解】根据后句“Whatyouwearmatters”可知说的是穿什么，A选项“Dresstoimpress穿衣打扮给人留下印象”符合，故选A。EAmericanandBritishpeoplebothspeakEnglishofcourse.Butsometimesitdoesnotseemlikethesamelanguage.Infact,therearesomeimportantdifferencesbetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.____12____Often,Americansdon’tsayeachwordseparately.Theysayseveralwordstogether.Americansmaysay“Idunno”insteadof“Idon’tknow”.Ortheymaysay“Whaddyasay?”insteadof“Whatdidyousay?”However,theBritisharemorecarefulintheirspeech.Theyusuallysayallthewordsandkeepthemseparate.SoundisnotonlythedifferencebetweenBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglish.Wordssometimeshavedifferentmeaningstoo.____13____Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.____14____InEngland,ifyouaregoingtotelephoneyourfriends,you“phonethemup”.InAmerica,you“givethemacall”.Therearealsosomedifferencesingrammar.Forexample,Americansusuallyusethehelpingverb“do”whentheyaskaquestion.Theysay“Doyouhaveastorybook?”ButtheBritishoftenleaveoutthehelpingverb.____15____Mostlanguagesarelikethis.Languageschangeovertime.Whenpeopleliveinseparateplaces,thelanguageschangeindifferentways.ThisiswhathashappenedtoEnglish.Itcanalsohappentootherlanguages,suchasFrench.ManypeopleinCanadaspeakFrenchbuttheirFrenchisverydifferentfromtheFrenchofFrance.阅读上面短文，从下面选项中选择合适的句子填入文中空白处，有一项为多余选项。A.Theysay“Haveyouastorybook?”\nB.Itcanalsohappentootherlanguages,suchasFrench.C.Forexample,thevocabularyforcarsanddrivingisverydifferent.D.Firstofall,theysoundverydifferent.E.Manyexpressionsarealsodifferentinthetwocountries.【答案】12.D13.C14.E15.A【解析】这篇短文为我们讲述了美国英语和英国英语之间的不同，包括读音、词义、语法及固定表达等。【12题详解】根据下文的介绍可知，美国人通常不会把每个词分开说。他们一起说几个字。而英国人通常把所有的词都说出来，并把它们分开。可知，此处是说它们听起来很不一样。这是第一个不同点。因此选择Firstofall,theysoundverydifferent.首先，它们听起来很不一样。故选D。【13题详解】根据“Wordssometimeshavedifferentmeaningstoo.”单词有时也有不同的意思。以及下文“Americansdrivetrucks,butinEnglandpeopledrivelorries.”可知，此处应该介绍它们的词义不同。因此选择Forexample,thevocabularyforcarsanddrivingisverydifferent.例如，汽车和驾驶的词汇就非常不同。故选C。【14题详解】根据“InEngland,ifyouaregoingtotelephoneyourfriends,you“phonethemup”.InAmerica,you“givethemacall”.”可知，这是介绍了它们的表达方式也不同。因此选择Manyexpressionsarealsodifferentinthetwocountries.在这两个国家，许多表达方式也不同。故选E。【15题详解】根据“Therearealsosomedifferencesingrammar.”语法上也有一些不同。可知，此处应该举例说明语法不同在什么地方。因此选择Theysay“Haveyouastorybook?”他们说“你有故事书吗？”故选A。F___81___It'safriendlywaypeopleintheUnitedStatesgreeteachother.But"Howareyou?"isalsoaveryunusualquestion.It'saquestionthatoftendoesn'thaveananswer.Whenapersonmeetsafriendonthestreetandasks"Howareyou?",thepersondoesn'treallyexpecttohearananswersuchas"Ireallydon'tknowwhat'swrongwithme.IthoughtIhadacold.Ilooksomemedicine,butthatdidn'thelpmuch,soI'llgotothedoctor."Thepersonwhoasks"Howareyou'"expectstoheartheanswer"Fine."eveniftheotherpersonisn't!Thereasonisthat"Howareyou?"isn'treallyaquestionand"Fine"isn'treallyananswer.___82___Sometimes,peoplealsodon'tsayexactlywhattheymean.Forexample,whensomeoneasks"Doyouagree?",\ntheotherpersonmightbethinking"No,Idisagree.Ithinkyou'rewrong."Butitisn'tverypolitetodisagreesostrongly,sotheotherpersonmightsay,"I'mnotsosure."___83___Peoplealsodon'tsayexactlywhattheyarethinkingwhentheyfinishconversationswithotherpeople.Forexample,manyconversationsoverthephoneendwhenonepersonsays,"I'vegottogonow."Often,thepersonwhowantstohangupgivesanexcuse："Someone'satthedoor."I'vegottoputthevegetablesaway.""Somethingisburningonthestove!"___84___Perhapsthepersonwhowantstohangupsimplydoesn'twanttotalkanymore,butitisn'tverypolitetosaythat.Theexcuseismorepolite,anditdoesn'thurttheotherperson'sfeelings.Whethertheyaregreetingeachother,talkingaboutanopinion,orendingaconversation,peopleoftendon'tsayexactlywhattheyarethinking.It'sanimportantwaythatpeopletrytobenicetoeachother._____85_____A.Wemustlearnwhentokeepsilent.B."Howareyou?"isanicequestion.C.Andit'sallpartofthegameoflanguage!D.Theexcusemightbereal,oritmightnotbe.E.It'sanicerwaytosaythatyoudon'tagreewithsomeone.F.Peoplesometimesshakehandswhentheymeeteachother.G.Theyaresimplywaysofgreetingpeopleandsaying"Hello."【答案】81.B82.G83.E84.D85.C【解析】文章大意：主要介绍了语言的艺术。当人们互相打招呼、询问对方意见、结束谈话时，人们所说的不一定是真实想法，只是为了礼貌而已。【81题详解】细节推理题。根据后句"It'safriendlywaypeopleintheUnitedStatesgreeteachother．But"Howareyou？"isalsoaveryunusualquestion．"可知说的是你好吗？这个问题，结合选项，可知与选项B."Howareyou?"isanicequestion.你好吗？"这是个好问题，相符合，故答案为B。【82题详解】细节推理题。根据前句"Thereasonisthat"Howareyou？"isn'treallyaquestionand"Fine"isn'treallyananswer"可知说的是其他方式，结合选项，可知与选项G.Theyaresimplywaysofgreetingpeopleandsaying"Hello."它们只是问候和说"你好"的方式。相符合，故答案为G。【83题详解】细节推理题。根据前句"Forexample，whensomeoneasks"Doyouagree？"，…"I'mnotsosure．""可知说的是更好的拒绝方式，结合选项，可知与选项E.It'sanicerwaytosaythatyoudon'tagreewithsomeone.\n这是表示你不同意某人的一种更好的方式。相符合，故答案为E。【84题详解】细节推理题。根据后句"Perhapsthepersonwhowantstohangupsimplydoesn'twanttotalkanymore，butitisn'tverypolitetosaythat．Theexcuseismorepolite，anditdoesn'thurttheotherperson'sfeelings．"可知说的是借口，结合选项，可知与选项D.Theexcusemightbereal,oritmightnotbe.这个借口可能是真的，也可能不是。相符合，故答案为D。【85题详解】细节推理题。根据前句“It'sanimportantwaythatpeopletrytobenicetoeachother.”这是人们彼此友好相处的重要方式。可知，与选项C.Andit'sallpartofthegameoflanguage!这都是语言游戏的一部分！相符合，故答案为C。A（2020•青岛市）根据短文内容，从选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。You'vebeenlearningwordssinceyouwereatinybaby.Atfirst,youlearnedthemonlybyhearingotherpeopletalk.Nowthatyou'reareader,youhaveanotherwaytolearnwords.Whatshouldyoudowhenyoucometoawordandyouthinkyoudon'tknowwhatitmeans?___36___.SayitFirstsounditout.Thensayittoyourself.___37___.Sometimesyouknowawordinyourheadbutyoudon'tknowwhatitlookslikeinprint.Soifyoumatchupwhatyouknowandwhatyouread-youhavetheword!UsecontextIfthisdoesn'twork,takethenextstep:lookatthecontext—theotherwordsandsentencesaroundit.Readthissentence:Whenitrained,thedoglookedforshelterinthedoorway.___38___.Rainandinthedoorwaymightgiveyouhelpfulinformation.___39___Ifthecontextdoesn'thelp,lookatthepartsoftheword.Doesithaveanypartsyouknow?Thesecanhelpyouunderstandwhatitmeans.Ifyoudon'tknowthemeaningofminer,trylookingatpartsoftheword.Youmightknowthatamineisaplaceundergroundwherepeoplegetcoalandothervaluablethings.Alotoftimes,-erattheendofawordmeans"apersonwhodoessomething".Soaminermightbesomeonewhoworksinamine.Lookitup\nIfthethreestepsabovedon'twork,youcanlookitup.___40___—eitherabookoronline.Nobodyknowsthemeaningofeveryword,butgoodreadersknowhowtounderstandwordstheydon'tknow.A.UsewordpartsB.LookatthewordsC.ItmightsoundlikeawordyouknowDYoucanfindthewordinadictionaryE.FollowingsomeeasystepscanhelpyouF.Ifthewordshelterdoesn'tlookfamiliar.lookatthewordsaroundit这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了了解单词的意义的四种方法。36.E【解析】句意：如下的一些简单的步骤可以帮助你。后文介绍了了解单词的意义的一些方法，此处E选项Followingsomeeasystepscanhelpyou符合。故选E。37.C【解析】句意：它可能听起来像是你认识的单词。根据后文“Sometimesyouknowawordinyourheadbutyoudon'tknowwhatitlookslikeinprint”有时候你头脑里知道一个单词但是你不知道这个单词长什么样子，C选项“Itmightsoundlikeawordyouknow”符合。故选C。38.F【解析】句意：如果单词shelter看起来不熟悉，看看周围的词。根据“Rainandinthedoorwaymightgiveyouhelpfulinformation”Rain和inthedoorway可能给你一些有用的信息，F选项“thewordshelter”符合。故选F。39.A【解析】句意：使用单词的部分。根据“Ifthecontextdoesn'thelp,lookatthepartsoftheword”如果语境没什么帮助，看看单词的部分。此段讲述了词缀。A选项“Usewordparts”符合。故选A。40.D【解析】句意：你可以在字典里查找这个单词。根据“lookitup”及“eitherabookoronline”可知此处是关于查单词的问题，D选项“findthewordinadictionary”符合，故选D。B（2020•河南省）Mymotheriscool—muchcoolerthanmostpeople.IgiveherfullcreditformakingmethepersonwhoIamtoday.Tothankher,I'dliketosharesomeofthethingsshetaughtme.1.16．Nomatterhowhardthingsgot,mymomcouldalwaysjokeaboutthem.Ithastaughtmethingsarenever,ever,\nend-of-the-worldkindofbad.I'msurethishasmademeamorerelaxedperson.2.17．Mymothermadeherownclothesshefeltlikewearing.Soonenough,peopleaskedhertomakeclothes,anditturnedintoafull-timebusiness.Thatshowsmehowyoucansetupyourownbusinessbyexpressingyourselftruthfully.3.18．Asacreative,mymotheralwaysencouragedustodoimaginativethingsforenjoymentanddiscouragedTV.Wedressedupincostumes,drewpictures,andsangatthetopofourlungs.Today,Iamaveryfunpersontobewith.4.19．Mymomhasalwayspushedmetowardsbecomingindependent.Notforhergood,butformine.Imademyowndecisionswithouthertryingtomanageme.Becauseofthis,Igrowuptobecompletelyindependent.5.20．Growingup,I'vemademyfairshareofmistakes.Insteadofsaying"Itoldyouso",mymomalwaysletmeworkthingsoutmyself.Shewasalsotheretohelpmepickupthepieces,ifIeverneededhelp.Forallthatyou'vedoneandeverythingthatyouare—thankyou,mom!WordBank：credit功劳costume戏服lung肺A．Imaginationhasnoend.B．Independenceisimportant.C．Self-expressionleadstoself-achievement.D．MistakesareOKaslongasyoulearnfromthem.E.Beinghopefulisthekeytoturningthingsaround.这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍作者母亲给她的建议和人生哲理。16．E【解析】句意：充满希望是让事情回转的关键。根据“Nomatterhowhardthingsgot,mymomcouldalwaysjokeaboutthem.Ithastaughtmethingsarenever,ever,end-of-the-worldkindofbad”无论事情有多坏，我的妈妈总是能开玩笑对待它们，教会我事情不总是世界末日那样的糟糕。可知主要讲述的充满希望。E选项的“Being\nhopefulisthekeytoturningthingsaround”符合。故选E。17．C【解析】句意：自我表达导致自我成就。根据“Thatshowsmehowyoucansetupyourownbusinessbyexpressingyourselftruthfully”可知自我表达与自我成就。C选项的“Self-expressionleadstoself-achievement”符合。故选C。18．A【解析】句意：想象没有止境。根据“Asacreative,mymotheralwaysencouragedustodoimaginativethingsforenjoymentanddiscouragedTV”可知讲述的是想象力和创造力，A选项的“Imaginationhasnoend”符合。故选A。19．B【解析】句意：自立很重要。根据“Mymomhasalwayspushedmetowardsbecomingindependent”及“Becauseofthis,Igrowuptobecompletelyindependent”可知讲述的是自立、独立。B选项的“Independenceisimportant”符合。故选B。20．D【解析】句意：犯错误没关系，只要你能从中吸取教训。根据“I'vemademyfairshareofmistakes.Insteadofsaying‘Itoldyouso’,mymomalwaysletmeworkthingsoutmyself”可知讲述的是犯错误以及从错误中吸取教训，D选项“MistakesareOKaslongasyoulearnfromthem”符合。故选D。C（2020•广州市）阅读短文及文后A〜E选项，选出可以填入46〜50各题空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑StorytellingStorytellinghascaughtthehumanimaginationforthousandsofyears.Peopleeverywherehavetoldstoriestoamuse,toteach,toremember,andjusttopassthetime.Peoplestartedtellingstorieslongbeforewritingwasinvented.____46____Butpeopleallovertheworldstilltelloneanotherstoriesoutloud.Apersonwhocantellagoodstorynearlyalwaysfindslisteners.Beforepeopledevelopedwriting,storytellingwasthemostimportantwaytopassalonginformation.Anythingaculturewantedtoprotect一itsbeliefs,itshistory,anditstraditions—hadtobetoldoutloud.Eachgenerationwouldtelltheculture’sstoriestothenext._____47_____Knowledgepassedoninthismethodiscalledthespokentradition.Evenculturesthatknowhowtowritestillpassalongsomeinformationinthisway._____48_____Inotherculturesonlyspecialstorytellersweretrustedtodothisimportantjob.Aculture’sbeststorytellershadgoodmemories.Theycouldalsomakethestoriesveryinteresting,sopeoplewouldlistenandrememberthem.Sometimespeoplewouldsingthestoriesortellthemintheformofpoems._____49_____However,storiestoldaloudchangeovertimeasdifferentpeopletellthem.Astorytellermightchangeastoryinordertomakeitbetter.Oratellermaysimplynotrememberallthedetailsofastory.Unlikewrittenstories,the\nspokentraditionisnotcreatedbyanyoneperson._____50_____Sometimesthestoriesarecollectedandwrittendownlongaftertheyhavebeencreated.A.Inthiswaythestorieswerepassedalong.B.Insomecultureseveryonewouldpassalongthestories.C.Songsandpoemscanbothmakestorieseasiertoremember.D.Instead,awholeculturehelpsshapethechangingstoriesthroughouthistory.E.Todaystoriesarealsowrittendowninbooksandactedoutinmovies,TVshows,andplays.这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍故事讲述的方式的形成、演变以及文化的传递。46.E【解析】句意：今天故事也被写在书里，在电影里、电视节目里和戏剧中表演出来。根据前文“started”可知前一句在讲述过去，根据后文“stilltell”可知此处在讲述现在，E选项“Todaystoriesarealsowrittendowninbooksandactedoutinmovies,TVshows,andplays”符合。故选E。47.A【解析】句意：以这样的方式，故事被传递下去。根据前文“Eachgenerationwouldtelltheculture’sstoriestothenext”每一代将文化故事讲给下一代，这样让故事传递，A选项“Inthiswaythestorieswerepassedalong”符合故选A。48.B【解析】句意：在一些文化里，每个人传递着这些故事。根据后文“Inothercultures”可知此处讲述的是“在一些文化里……在另一些文化里……”，B选项“Insomecultureseveryonewouldpassalongthestories”符合。故选B。49.C【解析】句意：歌曲和诗歌都能让故事更容易记住。根据前文“peoplewouldsingthestoriesortellthemintheformofpoems”人们会唱歌或者用诗歌的形式来讲故事，此处与歌曲和诗歌有关，C选项“Songsandpoemscanbothmakestorieseasiertoremember”符合。故选C。50.D【解析】句意：相反，整个文化帮助形成了贯穿历史的改变着的故事。根据前文“thespokentraditionisnotcreatedbyanyoneperson”口头讲述的故事不是由任何一个人创作出来的，而是整个文化，D选项“Instead,awholeculturehelpsshapethechangingstoriesthroughouthistory”符合。故选D。D（2020•牡丹江、鸡西地区）Matchtheinformationaccordingtowhatyouread.___46___MydreamistobeontheOlympicteamforswimming.MydadthinksIstartedtoolateandI'llneverbemakeit.WhatshallIdo.\n___47___WhatshouldIdoifIfailatest.I'mafraidtotellmymotherbecauseshemightgetangrywithmeandIcan'tplaysoccer.___48___I'mgoodatallsubjectsexceptEnglish.Ican'trememberwordswell.AndIamweakinspeakingandlistening.WhatshouldIdo?___49___IjustcametoanewschoolandI'mkindofshy,sohowdoImakenewfriends?___50___WhateverIdo,Ialwaysthinkaboutifotherpeoplewilllike.HowcanIstopworryingaboutwhattheythink?AYoushouldtellyourdadaboutyourdreamsandthatyouworkreallyhard.Itmighthappeneventhoughyoustartlate.B.Inyournewschool,justgoovertosomeonewholooksfriendlyandtalkwithhimorher.Youcanaskthatpersonaboutyourteacherortheotherkidsinyourclass.C.Whenyoufailatest,it'sbettertotellyourmomthetruththanforhertofindoutanotherway.Askherifshecanhelpyoustudyinthefuture.D.You'dbetternottellyourmotheroranyoneelseaboutit.Ithinkyoucanworkwhileyouwork,playwhileyouplay.E.It'sagoodwaytojoinanEnglishlanguageclubtopracticespeakingEnglish.Andyoucanmakeavocabularylisttoo.F.Justbeyourselfandtrynottocareaboutwhatothersthink.Themoreyouthinkaboutit,theworseyouwillfeel.Justrelax.G.Youshouldn'ttellyourfriends.Andyoushoulddealwithitbyyourself.题干中有五个不同的烦恼和问题，需要寻求建议和解决方法，在选项中选择与之相对应的建议和方法。46.A【解析】根据题干信息可知，我的梦想是参加奥运游泳队。我爸爸认为我开始太晚了，我永远也做不到。结合选项可知，A选项“你应该告诉你爸爸你的梦想，你真的很努力。即使你开始晚了也可能发生”可作为对上文的建议。故选A。47.C【解析】根据题干信息可知，如果我考试不及格该怎么办。我不敢告诉我妈妈，因为她可能会生我的气，我就不能踢足球了。结合选项可知，C选项“当你考试不及格时，最好告诉你妈妈真相，而不是让她找出另一种方法。问问她将来是否能帮你学习”可作为对上文的建议。故选C。48.E【解析】根据题干信息可知，除了英语，我所有科目都很好。我记不清单词，我的口语和听力都很差。结合选项可知，E选项“参加英语俱乐部练习说英语是个好办法。你也可以制作词汇表”\n可作为对上文的建议。故选E。49.B【解析】根据题干信息可知，我刚到一所新学校，我有点害羞，那我怎么交新朋友呢？结合选项可知，B选项“在你的新学校里，找一个看起来友好的人和他或她交谈。你可以问那个人关于你的老师或班上其他孩子的情况”可作为对上文的建议。故选B。50.F【解析】根据题干信息可知，不管我做什么，我总是想着别人是否会喜欢。我怎样才能不再担心他们想法？结合选项可知，F选项“做你自己，不要在意别人怎么想。你想得越多，感觉就越糟。放松点”可作为对上文的建议。故选F。E（2020•牡丹江、鸡西地区）Choosefivesentencesoutofthesixintheboxtocompletethepassage.Eachchoiceshouldbeusedonlyonce.Asschoolkids,wehavemanydreams.Thesedreamscanbeverybig,suchaswinningtheNobelPrize.___61___Youmayjustwanttobecomeoneofthetenbeststudentsinyourclass.Onceyouhavefoundadream,whatdoyoudowithit?Haveyouevertriedtoachieveyourdream?FollowYourHeartbyAustralianwriterAndrewMatthewstellsusthatrealizingourdreamsislife'sbiggestchallenge.Youmaythinkyou'renotverygoodatsomeschoolsubjects,orthatitisimpossibleforyoutobecomeawriter.___62___Infact,everyonecanrealizehisdream.Thefirstthingyoumustdoistorememberwhatyourdreamis.___63___Keeptellingyourselfwhatyouwant,andyouwillrealizeyourdreamfaster.Dothisstepbystep.Adreamcannotberealizedinoneday.Abigdreamis,infact,manysmalldreams.Youmustalsonevergiveuponyourdream.Therewillbedifficultiesontheroadtorealizingit.Butthebiggestdifficultycomesfromyourself.___64___StudyinginsteadofwatchingTVwillleadtobetterexamresults,whilesavingfiveyuaninsteadofbuyinganicecreammeansyoucanbuyanewbook.___65___ButitisOKaslongasyouhavethechancetolearnmoreskillsandfindnewinterests.A.Ortheycanbesmall.B.Don'tletitleaveyourheart.C.Thesekindsofthoughtsstopyoufromgettingyourdream,thebooksays.D.Youneedtodecidewhatismostimportant.E.Asyougetclosertoyourdream,itmaychangealittle.F.Thenitmayhelpthemtobeconfidenttofacechallenges.\n本文讲述了实现梦想的方法，其方法是记住自己的梦想，不要让梦想离开你的心，每天告诉自己想要什么，不能放弃梦想。离梦想越来越近的时候，它可能会有一点改变。只要有机会学习更多的技能，找到新的兴趣点就可以了。61.A【解析】根据上文“Thesedreamscanbeverybig,suchaswinningtheNobelPrize.”讲获得诺贝尔奖是大梦想，而下文“Youmayjustwanttobecomeoneofthetenbeststudentsinyourclass.”说的是小梦想，结合备选项可知要用“Ortheycanbesmall.”表示“或者它们可以很小。”故选A。62.C【解析】根据上文“Youmaythinkyou'renotverygoodatsomeschoolsubjects,orthatitisimpossibleforyoutobecomeawriter.”讲到了一些消极的想法，结合备选项可知此处用“Thesekindsofthoughtsstopyoufromgettingyourdream,thebooksays.”表示“书中说，这些想法阻止你实现梦想。”故选C。63.B【解析】根据下文“Keeptellingyourselfwhatyouwant”讲要不断提醒自己想要什么，结合备选项可知要用“Don'tletitleaveyourheart.”表示“别让它离开你的心。”故选B。64.D【解析】根据上文“Butthebiggestdifficultycomesfromyourself.”讲最大的困难来自你自己，而下文“StudyinginsteadofwatchingTVwillleadtobetterexamresults,whilesavingfiveyuaninsteadofbuyinganicecreammeansyoucanbuyanewbook.”讲到用学习代替看电视、省钱买书而不买冰淇淋，结合备选项可知要用“Youneedtodecidewhatismostimportant.”表示“你需要决定什么是最重要的。”故选D。65.E【解析】根据下文“ButitisOKaslongasyouhavethechancetolearnmoreskillsandfindnewinterests.”用but表示句意出现转折，但是只要有机会学更多技能、找到新兴趣就可以了，结合备选项可知要用“Asyougetclosertoyourdream,itmaychangealittle.”表示“当你离梦想越来越近的时候，它可能会有一点改变。”故选E。F（2020•吉林省）Supposeyou’reinLondonandtryingtofindthebustotakeyoutoHydePark.Thisshouldbeeasy.Butifyoucan’tspeakthelanguage,itcanbeaproblem.Whatwillyoudo?___51___◆Knowtheplaceyouwanttogo.Youcanalwaystellothersthenameoftheplacewhereyouwanttogo.___52___Whateveritis,ifyoudoalittlehomeworktorememberitsname,youcanaskthewaymuchmoreeasily.◆___53___Ifyou’renotsureaboutyourpronunciationwhenaskingtheway,you’dbettertakeamaporapictureoftheplacewhereyouwanttogo.Astheoldsayinggoes,“___54___.”◆Usebodylanguage.___55___Forexample,youcandrawtheshapeoftheEiffelTowerintheair.Itgivespeopleanideaofwhereyouaregoing.Mostimportantofall,bepolitewhenaskingtheway.Finally,you’llfindyourway.\n根据短文内容，将下面方框内的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次。A.Itmaybeaplaceofinterest,orsimplyastreet.B.Apicturecansayathousandwords.C.Bodylanguagecanbehelpfulinmakingothersunderstandwhereyouwanttogo.D.Hereissomeadviceonhowtoaskthewayinaforeigncountry.E.Takeamaporapicture.本文给出了如何在国外问路的几种建议，可以帮助你顺利到达想去的地方。51.D【解析】根据下文中“Knowtheplaceyouwanttogo.Usebodylanguage.”可知，知道你想去的地方，使用肢体语言都属于建议内容，所以此处使用Hereissomeadviceonhowtoaskthewayinaforeigncountry.表示“这里有一些关于如何在国外问路的建议”。故选D。52.A【解析】根据上文中“Youcanalwaystellothersthenameoftheplacewhereyouwanttogo.”可知，此处使用Itmaybeaplaceofinterest,orsimplyastreet.表示“你可以告诉别人你想去的地方的名字。它可能是一个有趣的地方，或者只是一条街道”。故选A。53.E【解析】根据下文中“Ifyou’renotsureaboutyourpronunciationwhenaskingtheway,you’dbettertakeamaporapictureoftheplacewhereyouwanttogo.”可知，如果你在问路的时候不确定你的发音，你最好带一张地图或者你想去的地方的照片，所以此处使用Takeamaporapicture.表示“带上一张地图或一张照片”。故选E。54.B【解析】根据上文中“Astheoldsayinggoes”可知，此处使用Apicturecansayathousandwords.表示“俗话说，一图胜千言”。故选B。55.C【解析】根据上文中“Usebodylanguage.”可知，使用肢体语言，所以此处使用Bodylanguagecanbehelpfulinmakingothersunderstandwhereyouwanttogo.表示“肢体语言可以帮助别人理解你想去的地方”。故选C。G（2020•锦州市）还原句子根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最值选项，并将其代表字母涂在答题卡的相应位置。KobeBryant,oneofthegreatestbasketballplayersofalltime,diedinahelicopter(直升飞机)crash(坠毁)withhisdaughteronSunday.___31___Mr.Bryant’sdeathhascausedgreatsadness.___32___SomeNBAplayersheldontotheballfor24secondswhengamesstartedonSunday.TheyweredoingitoutofrespectforMr.Bryantwhohadwornthenumber24.Mr.BryanthadplayedfortheLosAngelesLakersfor20years.___33___DuringhistimewiththeLakers,Mr.\nBryantledtheteamtofivenationalchampionships(锦标赛).Mr.BryanthelpedleadtheUSOlympicteamtowinthegoldmedalin2008and2012.Alongtheway,Mr.Bryantbecameoneofthemostfamousandpopularbasketballplayersofalltime.Mr.BryantspenthisearlyschoolyearsinItaly.Hisfatherwasaprofessionalbasketballplayerthere.HisfamilymovedbacktotheUSwhenMr.Bryantwasinhighschool.Heplayedandpracticedhardinthehighschool.___34___Andhisperformanceonthecourt(球场)causedexcitementandgotmuchattention.In2016,Mr.Bryantretired(退役).DuringhistimewiththeLakers,Mr.Bryanthadwornthenumbers8and24.___35___Afterheretired,Mr.Bryantfocusedon(关注)hisfamily.Mr.Bryantalsosetupbasketballcampsandprogramsforkids,tohelpsharehisloveofthegame.Hetookupnewactivities,too.Hestartedacompanythatproducedbooksandmovies.A.Hejoinedtheteamattheageof17.B.Thecrashkilledninepeopleinall.C.Whenheretired,theLakerssaidthosenumberswouldn’tbeusedagain.D.Hisgoalwasbecomingevenbetterthanhisboyhoodhero,MichaelJordan.E.Friends,fans,andwell-knownpeoplefromaroundtheworldwereallverysad.这篇短文给我们介绍了NBA最伟大的球星之一——科比·布莱恩特，他为洛杉矶湖人队效力了20年，带领球队取得过优异的成绩，科比于2016年退役。不幸的是，2020年初，科比在一次直升机事故中去世。31.B【解析】上句话“KobeBryant,oneofthegreatestbasketballplayersofalltime,diedinahelicopter(直升飞机)crash(坠毁)withhisdaughteronSunday.”提到了科比在一次直升机事故中去世。该空应承接上文，继续介绍这次事故的后果，B选项“事故中共有九人死亡”符合语境，故选B。32.E【解析】根据上句话“Mr.Bryant’sdeathhascausedgreatsadness.”可知，这一段主要介绍了人们知道了科比的死讯之后，都沉浸在悲伤中，E选项“朋友、粉丝和世界各地的名人都非常难过”符合语境，故选E。33.A【解析】根据上句话“Mr.BryanthadplayedfortheLosAngelesLakersfor20years.”和下句话“DuringthetimewiththeLakers…”可知，这一段介绍的是科比为洛杉矶湖人队效力的情况，A选项“他17岁加入了这支球队”符合这里的语境，故选A。34.D【解析】根据上句话“Heplayedandpracticedhardinthehighschool.”可知，这一段主要介绍了科比中学时就努力训练篮球，D选项“他的目标是成为比他少年时代的英雄迈克尔·乔丹还要优秀的人”符合语境，故选D。35.C【解析】根据语境可知，C选项中thosenumbers与上句话“Mr.Bryanthadwornthenumbers8and24.”提到的两个号码对应，因此C选项符合语境，意为“当他退役的时候，湖人队说这两个号码不会再使用”\n。故选C。H（2020•威海市）阅读D篇，根据短文内容，将下面方中的句子还原到文章当中，使短文内容完整，请将答案编号涂卡。ABetterWaytoStartYourDayWhetheryoulovemorningsornotthey’reafactoflife.Ifyouhatethen,herearesomewaystomakethemlessawful.Ifyou’reamorningperson,thesetipscanmakemorningsevenbetter!___16___Besuretogetanadequate（足够的）amountofsleep.Mostpeopleneedsevenoreighthoursofsleeptofeeltheirbestduringtheday.Ifyoumustgetupat5or6a.m.,gotobedearlytogetyoureighthours.TurnofftheTV,computerorsmartphoneandhitthehay.Whenyougetenoughsleep,youwon’tfeelsleepy.Youcangetoutofbedontime.Thatwillmakeyourdaybetter,too.Turnonsomemusicinthemorning.Playanytunesyoulike.Itdoesn’tmatter.____17____You’llfeelmuchhappierasyoustarttheday.____18____Asyourmothersaidbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.Yourbodyisoutoffuel（燃料）bymorning.Youneedsometohelpyoucontrolyourblood-sugar.Thataffectsyourmood（情绪）andenergyfortheday.Don’twatchTVorreadanewspaperfirstthinginthemorning.Yourbrainisfreshandreadytoworkonnewthings.Don’tfillitupwithnegative（消极的）informationabouttheworldanditsproblems.Instead,readsomethinginspiring（鼓舞人的）oruplifting.____19____AvoidansweringQQorWeChatfirstthing.Usethatprecious（宝贵的）morningtimetogetsomeexercise,eatbreakfastandenjoylife.CheckQQorWeChatlastbeforeyouleaveyourhouse.Thenyou’llonlyhavetimetocheckthemostimportantmessages.____20____Everydayisanewday-enjoyit!A.Agoodbreakfastcanmakeyourday.BYourdaywillstartbetterifyoutaketimefortheimportantthings.C.Agoodmorningstartsthenightbefore.D.Justturnonsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood.E.Thiswillgiveyoupositivethoughtstostartyourday.这是一篇说明文，文章介绍让早晨变得更好的五点诀窍。16.C【解析】句意:一个好的早上开始于前一天的晚上。根据“Whenyougetenoughsleep,youwon’tfeel\nsleepy.Youcangetoutofbedontime.Thatwillmakeyourdaybetter”可知这一段讲述头一天睡觉足够会让你不困，按时起床让你的一天更好。C选项“Agoodmorningstartsthenightbefore”符合。故选C。17.D【解析】句意:只要打开使你感觉好的东西。根据“Turnonsomemusicinthemorning.Playanytunesyoulike”可知此段讲述的是听你喜欢的音乐。D选项“Justturnonsomethingthatmakesyoufeelgood”符合。故选D。18.A【解析】句意:一份好的早餐可以使你一天充实。根据“breakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday”可知此段讲述的是早餐，A选项“Agoodbreakfastcanmakeyourday”符合。故选A。19.E【解析】句意:这将使你有积极的想法开始你的一天。根据“readsomethinginspiring oruplifting”可知此段讲述早上阅读一些鼓舞人心或积极向上的，E选项“Thiswillgiveyoupositivethoughtstostartyourday”符合。故选E。20.B【解析】句意:如果你花时间在重要的事情上，你的一天开始得更好。根据“AvoidansweringQQorWeChatfirstthing.Usethatprecious （宝贵的） morningtimetogetsomeexercise,eatbreakfastandenjoylife”可知此段讲述的早上不要回答QQ或微信，花时间做锻炼吃早餐或者享受生活，B选项“Yourdaywillstartbetterifyoutaketimefortheimportantthings”符合。故选B。A（2020•山东省泰安市泰山区中考一模）Arechildrenvulnerable(易受伤害的)tothenovelcoronavirus?TheNationalHealthCommission(国家卫健委)hasmadesurethatchildrenareeasilytobeinfectedbythenovelcoronavirusandthoughthesymptomsaremildafterinfection.Whatarethepossiblewaysforchildrentobeinfected?Themaintransmission(传播)routeisspreadbydroplettransmissionnow,suchasapatient'scoughsandsneezing(喷嚏).________26________Forexample,childrenwillbeinfectedbycontactingwiththemouthornoseorconjunctiva(结膜)oftheeyethroughcontaminatedhands._______27_______Ifthechildhascough,feverandothersymptoms,butdidn'tgooutsidenorhadcontactwithinfectedpatients,parentscanfirstmonitorthechild'stemperatureandprovidehometreatment.Howdochildrenwearfacemasks(口罩)?________28________Parentsshouldalsocheckiftheirchildexperiencesotherdiscomfort.Howtowashchildren'shands\n_______29_______Iftheyaregoingoutandcan’treadilywashtheirhandswithrunningwater,alwayscarrypapertowelsandanalcohol-basedhandsanitizer._______30_______Ifyoumustgoout,wearafacemask,driveyourselfandtrynottousepublictransportation.A.Whenchildrenwearmasks,parentsshouldalwayspayattentiontowhetherthechildhasbreathingdifficulties.B.Underwhatkindofsituationdochildrenneedtogotohospital?C.Howtoprotectchildrenfromtheviruswhengoingout?D.Useanalcohol-basedhandsanitizer(洗手液)E.Theymayalsobeinfectedbycontact(接触)transmission.【答案】26.E27.B28.A29.D30.C【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述孩子感染新型冠状病毒的可能的途径以及父母如何保护孩子预防感染病毒的方法。【26题详解】句意：他们可能也受到接触传播感染。根据后文“childrenwillbeinfectedbycontactingwiththemouthornoseorconjunctiva(结膜)oftheeyethroughcontaminatedhands”可知此处讲述接触传播感染，选择与contacttransmission有关的句子。故选E。【27题详解】句意：在什么情况下孩子们需要去医院呢？根据后文“Ifthechildhascough,feverandothersymptoms,butdidn'tgooutsidenorhadcontactwithinfectedpatients”可知孩子如果有咳嗽、发烧和其他的症状，但是没有外出或者接触到被感染的病人，需要求助医疗，此处用疑问句“Underwhatkindofsituationdochildrenneedtogotohospital”。故选B。【28题详解】句意：当孩子戴口罩，父母应该总是注意孩子是否呼吸困难。根据“Parentsshouldalsocheck”可知此处讲述孩子戴口罩的情况父母需要关注，选择与childrenwearmasks有关的句子。故选A。【29题详解】句意：使用含有酒精的洗手液。根据“Howtowashchildren'shands”可知此处与洗手有关，根据后一句“theyaregoingoutandcan’treadilywashtheirhandswithrunningwater”可知与洗手液有关。故选D。【30题详解】句意：当外出时，怎样保护孩子不受病毒感染呢？\n根据后文“Ifyoumustgoout,wearafacemask,driveyourselfandtrynottousepublictransportation”可知如果你必须外出，需要戴口罩，自己开车以及试着不要使用公共交通。可知句子与外出goingout有关，故选C。B（2020•四川省成都市青羊区中考二模）Bullying(欺凌)isreallycommon.InastudyofyoungpeopleintheUKaged12-20,halfofthemsaidtheyhadbeenbullied.About1.5millionyoungpeopleintheUKwerebulliedlastyear,andmanyofthesewerebulliedeveryday.___98___Bullyingisnotjustphysical,likehittingorkickingsomeone,ortakingtheirthingswithoutpermission.Bullyingcanalsobewithwords—sayingorwritingthingsthatarenotnice.___99___Bullyingcanhappenatschool,onpublictransport,whenyou’rewalkinghome,onlineinfact,itcanhappenanywhere.Bullyingusuallyinvolvesmorepeoplethanyouthink.Therearethepeoplewhobullyandthosewhoarebullied.Sometimesotherpeoplehelpthebullyorjoinin.___100___Theylaughorencouragethechildrenwhoarebullyinginotherways.Thisiswhyit’simportantforeveryonetoworktogetheragainstbullying.Tostopbullyingweneedeveryonetobebraveandtakeastand.Whydon’tyoucreateastudentanti-bullyinggroup?Thisgroupcandomanythings.___101___Chooseananti-bullyingslogan(标语)foryourschool,makepostersanddisplaysortakeovertheschool’ssocialmediaforaweektosendoutanti-bullyingmessages.___102___Thenexttimeyouseesomeonebeingcrueltosomeoneelse,takeastand!Don’tlaughorignorewhat’shappening—tellanadultassoonaspossibleandhelpeveryonetorealizethatbullyingisnotOK.A.Oncemyclassmateswerebulliedandhelpedthemtofightback.B.Theydon’tbullyanyonedirectlybutsupportthebullyingbybeinganaudience.C.Lettheheadteacherknowhowwelltheschoolisdoingwithfightingbullyingandgivethemadvice.D.Peoplewhoarebulliedaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression(抑郁)andanxiety.E.Bullyingisasocialproblemanditneedssolutionfromsociety—inotherwords,everyone.F.Anothertypeofbullyingissocial—choosingnottoincludesomeone,embarrassingsomeoneortellingotherpeoplenottobefriendswiththem.【答案】98.D99.F100.B101.C102.E【解析】文章大意：这是一篇说明文，文章关于介绍学校欺凌的相关事宜，欺凌是一个社会问题，作者号召人们要认识到学校欺凌这一点并与之抗衡。【98题详解】根据上文manyofthesewerebulliedeveryday.\n其中很多人每天都受到欺凌。可知此处说的是与被欺凌的人有关的，结合选项，可知D选项Peoplewhoarebulliedaremorelikelytosufferfromdepressionandanxiety.“被欺凌的人更容易抑郁和焦虑。”符合语境，表示因果关系。故答案选D。【99题详解】根据上文Bullyingcanalsobewithwords—sayingorwritingthingsthatarenotnice.欺凌也可以是语言——说或写不好的东西。可知此处说的是另一种类型的欺凌方式，结合选项，可知F选项Anothertypeofbullyingissocial—choosingnottoincludesomeone,embarrassingsomeoneortellingotherpeoplenottobefriendswiththem.“另一种类型的欺凌是社交选择不包括某人，让某人难堪或告诉其他人不要和他们交朋友。”符合语境，描述欺凌的多个类型，故答案选F。【100题详解】根据上文Sometimesotherpeoplehelpthebullyorjoinin.有时其他人会帮助欺凌者或加入其中。以及下文Theylaughorencouragethechildrenwhoarebullyinginotherways.他们嘲笑或鼓励那些以其他方式欺凌别人的孩子。可知此处说的是那些帮助欺凌者的人，结合选项，可知B选项Theydon’tbullyanyonedirectlybutsupportthebullyingbybeinganaudience.“他们不会直接欺负任何人，而是以观众的身份支持欺凌。”符合语境，描述那些虽然没有直接欺凌别人，但是“助纣为虐”的旁观者，故答案选B。【101题详解】根据上文Thisgroupcandomanythings.这个小组可以做很多事情。可知此处说的是反欺凌组织所做的事情，结合选项，可知C选项Lettheheadteacherknowhowwelltheschoolisdoingwithfightingbullyingandgivethemadvice.“让校长知道学校在打击欺凌方面做得有多好，并给他们建议。”符合语境，故答案选C。【102题详解】根据下文Thenexttimeyouseesomeonebeingcrueltosomeoneelse,takeastand!下次你看到有人对别人残忍的时候，表明立场!可知欺凌应该是需要社会每一个人都勇敢并站出来解决的问题，结合选项，可知E选项Bullyingisasocialproblemanditneedssolutionfromsociety—inotherwords,everyone.“欺凌是一个社会问题，需要社会——换句话说，每个人——来解决。”符合语境，故答案选E。C（2020•河南省实验中学2017届九年级中考第二次模拟）___41___Andwhydowehavethem?Scientistsarelearningtofindthereasons,buttheystillknowverylittleaboutwhywedream.___42___Modernresearchcantellussomeimportantfactsaboutdreams.Forexample,wehavemostofourdreamsduring\nREMsleep.Atthistime，thebrainisveryactive.Anotherfactisthateveryonedreams-evenifwecannotrememberdoingsowhenwe'reawaken.What'smore,anunusualpartofourbrainhasbeenfound.Thispartsometimesputsourthoughtsandmemoriestogetherinstrangewayswhenwe'reasleep.___43___Somescientistsbelievethatourdreamsareassociatedwithlifeexperiencesandthingsinthedreamshavetheirownmeanings.Forexample,telephonesindreamsarethoughttobeaboutgivingorreceivinganimportantmessage.Acarindreamsoftenmeanfeelingsaboutyourownlife.Brokenteethshowfear.___44___Scientiststhinkthatpeopleinourdreamscantellussomethingaboutourselves.Ifthepersoninthedreamwasshoutingout,forexample,maybeyouareangry.Ifheorshewasscaredinthedream,thenmaybeyou’reafraidofsomethinginlife.___45___Thereisstillalotthatwedonotunderstand,butscientistsaretryinghardbecausethemorewelearnaboutourdreams,themorewelearnaboutourselves.A.What'rethemeaningsofthethingsindreams?B.Whatcanpersonsindreamstellus?C.Whyshouldwelearnmoreaboutdreams?D.Whatfactsdoweknowaboutdreams?E.Whataredreams?【答案】41.E42.D43.A44.B45.C【解析】短文是介绍有关做梦的话题。关于人为什么要做梦，科学家们也对此知之甚少。一些科学家认为，我们所做的梦与我们的生活经历息息相关，能告诉我们一些关于我们自己的事情。【41题详解】段落大意：我们为什么要做梦？科学家们正在努力寻找原因，但他们对我们为什么做梦却知之甚少。答案为E。梦是什么？【42题详解】段落大意：现代研究告诉我们一些关于梦的重要事实。我们做梦时大脑是非常活跃的，并且每个人都会做梦，当我们睡着的时候，大脑的某一部分有时会以奇怪的方式把我们的思想和记忆结合在一起。答案为D。我们知道了有关做梦的哪些事实？【43题详解】\n段落大意：一些科学家认为，我们所做的梦与我们的生活经历息息相关，梦中的事物也有自己的意义。故答案为A。梦到的东西有什么含义？【44题详解】段落大意：科学家认为梦中的人们能告诉我们一些关于我们自己的事情。故答案为B。梦中的人们能告诉我们什么？【45题详解】段落大意：对于做梦我们仍有许多不理解的地方，但是科学家们正在努力研究解梦，因为我们对做梦了解得越多，我们对自己了解就越多。故答案为C。我们为何要更多地了解梦？D（2020•福建省福州市第一中学九年级初中毕业升学考试模拟）Inthesea,therearemanyislands.Initswarmwater，therearesomeWecallthem"coralislands".(珊瑚岛)Acoralislandisverynicetolookat.Itlookslikearingoflandwithtrees,grass,andflowersonit.___41___Thereisalittleroundlakeinsidetheisland.Ifyoulookintothislake,youwillseebeautifulcoral.Youmaythinktheyareflowers.Ifyoulookatapieceofcoral,youwillseemanylittleholesinit.___42___Theseseaanimalsmakethecoral.Theybegantobuildunderthewater.Yearafteryear,thecoralgrewhigherandhigher.___43___Thentheseabroughtitsmalltreesandsomethingelse.Aftersomeyears,thesethingschangedintoearth.Sometimesthewindbroughtseeds(种子)tothisearth.Sometimesbirdsflewoveritandbroughtseedstotheisland.Thelittleseedsgrew.___44___Inafewmoreyearsthereweretreesgrowingthere.Soyousee,theseislandswerebuiltlittlebylittle.___45___Don'ttheyteachusalesson?Canyouthinkwhatthelessonis?A.Inafewyearstherewereplantsallovertheisland.B.Onepartoftheringisopentothewater.C.Theworkerswereverysmall.D.Atlastitgrewoutofthewater.E.Ineachoftheseholesaverysmallseaanimalhaslived.【答案】41.B42.E43.D44.A45.C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过讲述珊瑚岛的美丽景象以及它的形成过程来告诉我们任何小的事物，只要坚持下去，积少成多，就能成就大事业。【41题详解】根据后文的“Thereisalittleroundlakeinsidethe\nisland”可知，空缺处介绍的应该是和水有关的，选项B“一圈的一部分向水敞开”最符合语境，故选B。【42题详解】根据前文的“youwillseemanylittleholesinit”和后文的“Theseseaanimalsmakethecoral”可知，空缺处填的应该是和洞和海洋动物相关的内容，选项E“在每个洞里都生活着一种非常小的海洋动物”最符合语境，故选E。【43题详解】根据前文的“thecoralgrewhigherandhigher”可知，空缺处应该填的它长出了水面，故选D。【44题详解】根据前文的“Thelittleseedsgrew”和后文的“Inafewmoreyearsthereweretreesgrowingthere”可知，种子长成了植物，空缺处应该填的和植物有关，选项A“几年后，岛上到处都是植物”，故选A。【45题详解】根据前文的“theseislandswerebuiltlittlebylittle”和后文的“Don'ttheyteachusalesson?”可知，应该说的是一些渺小的人，选项C“工人们都很渺小”最符合语境，故选C。