中考英语笔记知识点初二（1） 6页

中考英语知识点归纳-初二年级（1）‎ ‎【知识梳理】 ‎ I. 重点短语 ‎1. have some problems doing sth.‎ ‎2. go the wrong way ‎3. in the open air ‎4. on Mid-Autumn Day ‎5. on the left/right side ‎6. at the same time ‎7. the day before yesterday ‎8. half an hour ago ‎9. a moment ago ‎10. in the country ‎11. the day after tomorrow ‎12. go on a field trip ‎13. on time ‎ ‎14. best wishes ‎ ‎15. give a talk ‎ ‎16. for example ‎ ‎17. short for ‎18. a waste of time ‎19. go fishing ‎20. I agree ‎21. next week ‎22. have a picnic ‎23. hurry up ‎24. get together ‎25. by the way ‎26. all the time ‎ ‎27. come over ‎28. have to ‎ ‎29. get home ‎ ‎30. agree with ‎ ‎31. in town ‎ ‎32. all the same ‎33. in front of ‎34. next to ‎ ‎35. up and down ‎36. just now ‎37. keep healthy ‎38. grow up ‎39. at first ‎40. last Saturday II. 重要句型 ‎1. have fun doing sth. ‎ ‎2. Why don’t you…?‎ ‎3. We’re going to do sth.‎ ‎4. start with sth.‎ ‎5. Why not…? ‎ ‎6. Are you going to…?‎ ‎7. be friendly to sb.‎ ‎8. You’d better do sth.‎ ‎9. ask sb. for sth.‎ ‎10. say goodbye to sb.‎ ‎11. Good luck(with sb)!‎ III. 交际用语 ‎1.Welcome backto school!‎ ‎2.Excuse me. I’m sorry I’m late, because the traffic is bad. ‎ ‎3.It doesn’t matter.‎ ‎4.Happy Teachers’ Day !‎ ‎5.That’s a good idea.‎ ‎6.What are you going to do？‎ ‎7.Where are we going ?‎ ‎8.What are we going to do ? ‎ ‎9.I’m good at…‎ ‎10.It’s not far from…‎ ‎11. Are you free tomorrow evening?‎ ‎12.Would you and Lily like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival?‎ ‎13.I’m glad you can come.‎ ‎14.Thanks for asking us.‎ ‎15.How about another one?‎ ‎16.May I have a taste?‎ ‎17.Let me walk with you.‎ ‎18.What do you have to do?‎ ‎19.Do you live on a farm?‎ ‎20.Which do you like better, the city or the country?‎ ‎21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens?‎ ‎22.Shall we go at ten? Good idea!‎ ‎23.---Let’s make it half past one. ---OK.‎ ‎24.---Why not come a little earlier? ---All right.‎ ‎25.It’s over there on the right.‎ ‎26.Excuse me. Where’s the nearest post office, please?‎ ‎27.I’m sorry I don’t know.‎ ‎28.You’d better…‎ ‎29.Thank you all the same.‎ ‎30.Which bus do I take?‎ ‎31.Go along this road.‎ ‎32.What day was it yesterday?‎ ‎33.I’m sorry to hear that.‎ ‎34.I hope you’re better now.‎ ‎35.Why did you call me?‎ ‎36.I called to tell…‎ ‎【名师讲解】‎ ‎1. on the street / in the street 表示“在街上”时，on the street 和 in the street 都可以，在美国多用on the street, 在英国多用in the street. 例如：‎ We have a house in the street. 我们在街上有座房子。‎ I met him on the street. 我在街上遇见了他。‎ ‎2. would like / like ‎ would like 和 like含义不同。like 意思是“喜欢”，“爱好”，而 would like 意思是“想要”。试比较：‎ I like beer.=I’m fond of beer. 我喜欢喝啤酒。‎ I’d like a glass of beer= I want a glass of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。‎ Do you like going to the cinema? 你喜欢看电影吗？‎ Would you like to go to the cinema tonight? 你今晚想去看电影吗？‎ ‎3. another / the other ‎(1)another 通常用于三个或三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或 物体。 例如：‎ May I have another apple, please? 请在给我一个苹果好吗？‎ This coat is too small for me. Please show me another这件外套我穿太小，请再给我拿一件看看。‎ ‎(2)the other 通常指两者中的另一个。例如：‎ He has two rulers. One is short. The other is long. 他有两把尺子，一把短的，另一把长的。‎ I have two brothers. One works in Xi’an . The other works in Beijing. 我有两个兄弟，一个在西安工作，另一个在北京工作。‎ ‎4. have to /must ‎ ‎(1)have to和 must 都可以用来谈论义务，但用法略有不同。如果某人主观上觉得必须去做而又想去时，常用must。如果谈论某种来自“外界”的义务，常用have to。例如：‎ I must stop smoking. 我必须戒烟。（自己想戒烟）‎ They have to work for the boss.‎ 他们不得不为那个老板工作。（条件逼得他们去工作） ‎ ‎(2)have to 可用于多种时态，must 只能用于一般现在时。例如：‎ I’ll have to get up early tomorrow morning.明天早晨我必须早早起床。‎ We had to work long hours every day in order to get more money.‎ 为了多挣钱，我们不得不每天长时间地工作。‎ ‎(3)用于否定句时，mustn’t意思是“决不能”，“禁止”，而don’t have to意思是“不必”，相当于needn’t。例如：‎ You mustn’t be late again next time.下一次你决不能再迟到。‎ You don’t have to go there today. You can go there tomorrow.‎ 你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。‎ ‎5. hear sb. or sth.doing sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.‎ hear sb. or sth.doing sth.意思是“听到某人或某物在做某事”，而hear sb. or sth. do sth.意思是“听到某人或某物做过某事”。试比较：‎ I heard him sing an English song.我听见他唱一首英文歌。‎ 类似hear 这种用法的还有see, watch, listen, feel等感官动词。‎ ‎6. any /some any和some 都可以同不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式连用，但some一般用在肯定句中；any用在疑问句和否定句中。试比较：‎ I want some money. 我想要点钱。‎ Have you any money? 你有钱吗？‎ I don’t have any money. 我一点钱也没有。‎ some 有时也用于疑问句，表示说话人期待一个肯定回答或鼓励人家说“是”。例如：‎ Would you like some more beer?请你再来点啤酒好吗？‎ Could I have some rice, please?请给我来点米饭好吗？‎ ‎7. hear /listen to listen to 和hear 都有“听”的意思，但含义有所不同。Listen to强调“听”的动作，hear 强调“听”的结果。例如：‎ Listen to me ,please! I’m going to tell you ‎ a story. 请听我说！我给你们讲个故事。 Listen! Can you hear someone crying in the next room? 听！你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗？‎ I listened, but heard nothing.我听了听，但什么也听不见。‎ hear 后面如果接宾语从句，常常表示“听说”。例如：‎ I hear some foreign students will visit our school.我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学校。‎ I hear there is going to be a film in our ‎ school this evening.我听说今晚我们学校要演一场电影。 ‎ ‎8. Let’s… /Let us…‎ Let’s… 和Let us… 都表示“让我们……”, 如果us 包括听话人在内，其含义相同，附带问句用shall we. 如果us 不包括听话人在内，其含义不同，Let us…的附带问句要用will you。例如：‎ Let’s go shopping, shall we? 我们去购物好吗？‎ ‎9. take/ bring/ carry /get 这四个动词都有“拿”和“带”的意思，但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”，“拿走”，bring意为“带来”，“拿来”, get表示“到别的地方把某人或某物带来或拿来”，carry不强调方向，带有负重的意思。试比较：‎ My parents often take me there on holidays.我父母常常带我到那里去度假。‎ I’m going to take you to Beijing.我准备带你去北京。‎ Bring me a cup of tea, please.请给我端杯茶来。‎ I’ll bring the book to you tomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。‎ The waiter carried the me to the table. 服务员把肉送到桌上。‎ The monkey carried the bag on her back.猴子把那个包背在背上。‎ She went back to get her handbag.他折回去拿他的手提包。‎ Let me get the doctor.让我去请医生吧。 ‎ ‎10. far away /faraway ‎ (1)far away是一个副词短语，意思是“很远”。例如：‎ Some are far away. Some are nearer.有些离得很远，有些离得近一些的。‎ The village is far away from here.那个村子离这儿很远。‎ ‎(2)faraway是一个形容词，意思是“遥远的”，可以在句中作定语。例如：‎ He lives in faraway mountain village.他住在一个遥远的小山村。‎ ‎11. find / look for find和look for 都有“找”的意思，但含义不同。find 强调“找”的结果，而look for 强调“找”的过程。请看下列例句：‎ He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自行车。‎ I’m looking for my watch, but can’t find it.我在找我的手表，但是找不到。‎ I hope you will soon find your lost ring.希望你尽快找到丢失的戒指。‎ 另外，find还有“发现”；“感到”等意思。例如：‎ I found a wallet in the desk.我在课桌里发现了一个钱包。‎ I find this book very interesting.我觉得这本书很有意思。‎ ‎12. in front of /in the front of in front of 表示在某物的前面，不在某物的范围内。in the front of 表示在某物的前部，在某物的范围内。试比较：‎ My seat is in front of Mary’s.我的座位在玛丽座位的前面。‎ He is sitting in the front of the car with the driver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。‎ ‎【考点扫描】‎ ‎1. be going to的用法；‎ ‎2. 形容词的比较级、最高级；‎ ‎3. 形容词和副词的比较 ‎4. 一般过去时 ‎5. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型；‎ ‎6. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。‎