中考英语复习专题八　动词的时态、语态 98页

专题八　动词的时态、语态 构　成 例　词　 一般情况下，在动词原形后加 s run → runs 　 like → likes 以 ch, sh, s, o, x 结尾的动词，在词尾加 es teach → teaches wash → washes go → goes pass → passes fix → fixes 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先将 y 变 i 再加 es study → studies try → tries 以元音字母加 y 结尾的动词，在词尾加 s stay → stays play → plays 构　成 例　词 一般情况下在词尾加 ed help → helped 　 clean → cleaned play → played 　 visit → visited 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词在词尾加 d move → moved 　 use → used close → closed 　 taste → tasted 以辅音字母＋ y 结尾的动词，把 y 变为 i 再加 ed study → studied 　 carry → carried 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写结尾字母再加 ed stop → stopped drop → dropped prefer → preferred 构　成 例　词 在动词原形后加 ing read — reading 以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词，去掉 e 再加 ing live — living write — writing 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后再加 ing sit — sitting begin — beginning 少数几个以 ie 结尾的动词，要变 ie 为 y ，再加 ing die — dying lie — lying tie — tying 专题训练 一、单项选择 (40 分 ) 1 ． (2015· 龙东 ) By the time I got back to school, the bell ________. A ． rang B ． has rung C ． had rung 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 By the time... 可知，用过去完成时，故选 C 。 答案： C 2 ． (2015· 重庆 ) Stop smoking, Joe! You ________ yourself if you keep on doing it like that! A ． will kill B ． have killed C ． kill D ． killed 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。在条件状语从句中，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。故选 A 。 答案： A 3 ． —Mum, it's late. Why are you still here? —Dad hasn't come back yet. I________for him. A ． am waiting B ． was waiting 　　　　 C ． waited 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。根据情境 “ 爸爸还没回来，我正在等他 ” 可知应该用现在进行时。故选 A 。 答案： A 4 ． (2015· 宜昌 ) —________ Internet business ________ traditional business in the past few years? —Not really. A ． Does...beat B ． Will...beat C ． Has...beaten D ． Is...beating 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 in the past few years 可知，用现在完成时。故选 C 。 答案： C 5 ． There________ be a fashion show in our town tomorrow. A ． are going to B ． will have C ． has D ． is going to 【 解析 】 考查一般将来时的 There be 句型。由时间状语 “ tomorrow ” 可知应用一般将来时； There be 句型不能与 have/has 混用；主语 a fashion show 表示单数，所以应用 is going to ，故选 D 。 答案： D 6 ． (2015· 烟台 ) Everyone in our class ________ to take part in the English Speech Contest. A ． is encouraged B ． encourages C ． are encouraging D ． are encouraged 【 解析 】 考查被动语态。 everyone 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，可排除 C 、 D 两项； everyone 与谓语动词 encourage 构成被动关系，故应用被动语态，应选 A 。句意为 “ 我们班的每个人都被鼓励参加英语演讲比赛。 ” 答案： A 7 ． He ________ in this factory for 20 years already. A ． will work B ． works C ． has worked D ． is working 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由时间段 for 20 years already 可以看出，动作是持续进行的，故用现在完成时。 答案： C 8 ． (2015· 成都 ) I ________ the book Little Woman but I'll let you read it first. A ． haven't read B ． don't read C ． won't read 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由第二句 “ 我想让你先读这本书 ” 可知， “ 我还没有读完它 ” 。故用现在完成时。 答案： A 9 ． —Julie, what________in your hand? —Look! It's a new iPad for my daughter. A ． do you hold B ． are you holding C ． were you holding D ． will you hold 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由答语 “ 看，这是给我女儿新买的苹果平板电脑。 ” 可知问句应用现在进行时。故选 B 。 答案： B 10 ． (2015· 资阳 ) Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she ________ at the party. A ． dances B ． was dancing C ． has danced D ． is dancing 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。 while 引导的从句常用过去进行时，故选 B 。 答案： B 11 ． —I've got a ticket for the basketball game tonight. —Cool! How ________you ________it? A ． had ； got B ． did ； get C ． were ； getting D ． will ； get 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由上句 “ 我有一张今晚篮球赛的票 ” ，可知本句意为 “ 你是怎样得到它的？ ” 故用一般过去时。 答案： B 12 ． Oh, you are here. I________ you came back. A ． don't know B ． didn't know C ． haven't known D ． won't know 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由语境可知，此处动作是过去发生的，应用一般过去时，故选 B 。 答案： B 13 ． A new hospital ________ in my town next year. A ． builds B ． built C ． is built D ． will be built 【 解析 】 考查被动语态。由 next year 可看出为一般将来时，主语 a new hospital 与动词 build 为被动关系，故选 D 。 答案： D 14 ． (2015· 河北 ) Grace __________ this game every time we play. A ． wins B ． won C ． will win D ． has won 【 解析 】 考查动词的时态。句意为 “ 每次我们玩这个游戏， Grace 都会赢。 ” 由 “ every time we play ” 可知，此处指经常发生的动作，故使用一般现在时。故选 A 。 答案： A 15 ． (2015· 常州 ) Mike used to be a top student, but he________ behind since he lost himself in computer games. A ． fell B ． has fallen C ． was D ． has been 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 since 可知，应用现在完成时。 fall behind “ 落后 ” ，是瞬间动作，当句中有 since, for 等表示时间段的时间状语时，要与持续性动词连用，所以应该用 be behind, 故选 D 。 答案： D 16 ． (2015· 宜宾 ) Over fifty countries ________ the AIIB( 亚投行 ) so far. A ． joined B ． was joining C ． had joined D ． have joined 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 so far 可知，用现在完成时，故选 D 。 答案： D 17 ． (2015· 广东 ) —Have you heard of the song Little Apple? —Yes. It __________ every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs. A ． is played B ． plays C ． was played D ． played 【 解析 】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为 “ 你听说过 《 小苹果 》 这首歌曲吗？ ”“ 是的。每天早上老年人在楼下跳广场舞的时候都会放这首歌曲。 ” 根据 “ every morning ” 可知，使用一般现在时； “ It ” 指代 “ Little Apple ” ，与动词 play 为动宾关系，故用被动语态。故选 A 。 答案： A 18 ． —Have you heard about that car accident near the school? —Yes, luckily no one________. A ． hurt B ． was hurt C ． has hurt D ． were hurt 【 解析 】 考查被动语态。主语 no one 与 hurt 之间为被动关系，要用被动语态，排除 A 和 C ； no one 作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故选 B 。 答案： B 19 ． (2015· 长沙 ) —Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight? —No, I ________ it last week. A ． see B ． have seen C ． saw 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 last week 可知要用一般过去时，故选 C 。 答案： C 20 ． If it ________ rain tomorrow, we'll go hiking. A ． won't B ． doesn't C ． don't D ． didn't 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 if 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选 B 。 答案： B 21 ． (2015· 益阳 ) —Claudia, are you going to Mike's birthday party on Sunday? —Unless I ________. A ． am invited B ． invited C ． was inviting 【 解析 】 考查被动语态。根据句意 “ 除非我被邀请 ” 可知， I 与 invite 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选 A 。 答案： A 22 ． Tom ________ the piano every day when he was in primary school. A ． plays B ． played C ． was playing D ． has played 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 when he was in primary school 可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，故选 B 。 答案： B 23 ． (2015· 南京 ) —When will Uncle Sam come to see us? —He'll visit us this weekend. He __________ me that by email. A ． told B ． is told C ． will tell D ． was going to tell 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。根据答语中 “ He'll visit us this weekend. ” 可知，答话人已经知道了 Sam 叔叔什么时候来看他们，所以 “ 通过电子邮件告诉我 ” 这件事发生在这段对话之前，应用一般过去时，故选 A 。 答案： A 24 ． —A new shop ________ for a week nearby. Let's have a look there. —Good idea. But it doesn't ________ on Mondays. A ． opened; opened B ． has been opened; open C ． has opened; opened D ． has been open; open 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。第一个空由 for a week 可知用现在完成时，且用表示延续性的谓语动词；第二个空 doesn't 之后要接动词原形，故选 D 。 答案： D 25 ． (2015· 沈阳 ) —Has Mary ever visited Tower Bridge? —Yes. She ________ it two years ago. A ． visits B ． visited C ． has visited D ． was visiting 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 two years ago 可知用一般过去时。故选 B 。 答案： B 26 ． —The meeting ________ because of the smog in Northern China last week. —Oh, it's too bad! We should take action to improve the air quality. A ． put out B ． was put out C ． put off D ． was put off 【 解析 】 考查被动语态。句意为 “ 上周因为中国北方地区的雾霾，会议被推迟了 ” ，所以谓语动词用 put off( 推迟 ) ，且主语 meeting 与 put off 构成被动关系，用被动语态。 答案： D 27 ． (2015· 沈阳 ) When you ________ a difficult task, try to continue with it and finish it. A ． give B ． are giving C ． gave D ． are given 【 解析 】 考查被动语态。 you 与 give 之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选 D 。 答案： D 28 ． (2015· 襄阳 ) —Lucy, what were you doing at nine last night? —I ________ the piano. I usually practice the piano at that time. A ． play B ． played C ． was playing D ． am playing 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由疑问句时态及表过去的时间点 at nine last night 可知，用过去进行时。故选 C 。 答案： C 29 ． (2015· 张家界 ) He almost fell down. But he ________. A ． didn't B ． doesn't C ． won't 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由第一句 “ 摔倒 ” 是一般过去时，第二句 “ 没摔倒 ” 也要用相同时态。故选 A 。 答案： A 30 ． It ________ usually ________ at this time of year, but today it is raining heavily. A ． is; raining B ． won't; rain C ． has; rained D ． doesn't; rain 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 usually 和 at this time of year 可知，此处表示客观情况，应用一般现在时；根据 but today it is raining heavily 可知，第一个空应为否定形式。故选 D 。 答案： D 31 ． (2015· 广州 ) The weather forecast says that ________ another storm tomorrow. A ． there will have B ． there will be C ． there has D ． there has been 【 解析 】 考查动词时态和 there be 句型。 there be 表示 “ 有 ” ，不与 have ， has 连用，排除 A 、 C 。由 tomorrow 可知，用一般将来时，故选 B 。 答案： B 32 ． (2015· 广州 ) Many houses __________ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless. A ． damaged B ． were damaged C ． were damaging D ． are damaged 【 解析 】 考查动词的时态和语态。主语 “ Many houses ” 与谓语动词 damage 之间是被动关系；且由下文 “ were left ” 可知，应用一般过去时。故选 B 。 答案： B 33 ． (2015· 六盘水 ) A lot of trees ________ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now. A ． plant B ． is planted C ． were planted D ． are planted 【 解析 】 考查被动语态。主语是物， trees 与 plant 之间是被动关系，由 every year 可知用一般现在时。故选 D 。 答案： D 34 ． I will do some cleaning as soon as I ________ my homework. A ． finish B ． will finish C ． has finished D ． finished 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。在 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。故选 A 。 答案： A 35 ． (2015· 广东 ) Lei Feng __________ for many years, but his spirit is still encouraging us. A ． died B ． has died C ． was dead D ． has been dead 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。句意为 “ 雷锋去世好多年了，但是他的精神仍然鼓舞着我们。 ” 根据 “ for many years ” 可知，用现在完成时； die 是短暂性动词，在跟一段时间连用时需要转换成延续性动词 be dead 。故选 D 。 答案： D 36 ． —Lily ， why are you still here? School is over for half an hour. —Because I ________ my task yet. I still need one more hour. A ． won't finish B ． didn't finish C ． haven't finished D ． hadn't finished 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。句意为 “ 莉莉，你为什么还在这儿？放学半个小时了？ ”“ 因为我还没有完成我的任务。我还需要一个小时。 ” 结合句意可知，此处用现在完成时。 答案： C 37 ． (2015· 温州 ) —Have you watched the new movie Jurassic World, Steven? —Not yet. I ________ it with my cousin this evening. A ． will watch B ． was watching C ． watched D ． have watched 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 this evening 可知，用一般将来时。故选 A 。 答案： A 38 ． No decision ________ about that matter yet. We are still considering it. A ． has been made B ． has made C ． will be made D ． will make 【 解析 】 考查动词的时态和语态。根据 yet 可知应用现在完成时， decision 与 make 之间为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动结构，故选 A 。 答案： A 39 ． (2015· 海南 ) —My aunt ________ me to Europe for vacation next month. —Have a good time! A ． take B ． took C ． will take 【 解析 】 考查动词时态。由 next month 可知，用一般将来时。故选 C 。 答案： C 40 ． (2015· 河南 ) Now it's much easier to shop online. When your order is ready, the things you want to buy __________ to you soon. A ． send B ． were sent C ． are sending D ． will be sent 【 解析 】 考查动词的时态和语态。 “ you want to buy ” 是定语从句，先行词为 “ the things ” ，之间省略了关系代词；而 “ the things ” 与 send 之间为被动关系，故应用 send 的被动形式；结合句尾的 “ soon ” 可知，空格处的动作尚未发生，故应用 send 的一般将来时的被动语态。故选 D 。 答案： D