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2018全国中考英语试题分类汇编 :非谓语动词(教师卷)

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‎ 2018全国中考英语试题分类汇编 :非谓语动词 ‎1.Our teacher often asks us _______ time.‎ ‎ A. not waste B. not to waste C. don’t waste D. doesn’t waste ‎【来源】辽宁 阜新 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:我们的老师经常让我们不要浪费时间。ask sb not to do sth要求某人 ‎ ‎ 不要做某事,故为not to waste,故选B。‎ ‎2.Some people enjoy ______ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.‎ ‎ A. to send B. send C. sending D. sent ‎【来源】江苏 南京 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:一些人在海上旅行时喜欢用“漂流瓶”发送信息。enjoy doing sth. 喜 ‎ ‎ 欢做某事,故选C。‎ ‎3.Remember _______ some fruit when you come back.‎ ‎ A. buying B. to buy C. buy ‎【来源】湖南 邵阳 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:当你回来的时候记得去买一些水果。buying买,动名词形式;to buy ‎ ‎ 动词不定式形式;buy动词原形。句中谓语动词是remember,常用于句型 ‎ ‎ remember to do sth.“记得去做某事”,还没有做;或者remember doing ‎ ‎ sth.“记得做过某事”,已经做过了。根据这句话的意思可知,水果还没有买,‎ ‎ 所以是“记得去买”,故应选B。‎ ‎4.—Jack, remember ______ off the lights when _______your bedroom.‎ ‎ —OK, I won’t forget, Mom.‎ ‎ A. turning; leaving B. to turn; leave ‎ ‎ C. turning; left D. to turn; leaving ‎【来源】四川 达州 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:—杰克,记得离开卧室时把灯关掉。—好吧,妈妈,我不会忘记的。 ‎ ‎ 考查非谓语动词。上一句句意:杰克,离开卧室时记得关灯。remember to do ‎ ‎ sth.记得去做某事(未做);remember doing sth.记得做过某事(已做)。when ‎ ‎ doing sth.是省略了主谓语的时间状语从句。故选D。‎ ‎5.—I’d love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework________.‎ ‎ —If you don’t go, _____.‎ ‎ A. to do: so do I B. to do; nor will I ‎ ‎ C. doing ; so will I D. do; neither am I ‎【来源】四川 达州 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:—我很想和你一起去远足,但我还有很多作业要做。—如果你不去, ‎ ‎ 我也不去。考查不定式结构和倒装句。第一空用动词不定式结构作后置定 ‎ 语修饰名词,所以C/D不对。第二空所在的句子,if引导条件状语从句,‎ ‎ 主句用一般将来时,从句用一般现在时。答语句意为“如果你不去,我也(将)‎ ‎ 不去。”表示否定的相同情况用neither/nor引导倒装句。故选B。‎ ‎6.—Let’s ____ to the movies!. ‎ ‎ —I’m sorry.I must ____ my homework first.‎ ‎ A. going;do B. go;doing C. go;do D. going;doing ‎【来源】新疆 维吾尔自治区 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:—让我们去看电影吧!—对不起,我必须先做我的家庭作业。Going ‎ ‎ 去,是动词的ing形式;go去,动词原形;do做,动词原形;doing是动 ‎ 词的ing形式。第一句话使用了句型Let’s do sth.让我们做某事,Let’s后跟 ‎ 动词原形;第二个空格前的must是情态动词,后面也跟动词原形。故应选 ‎ ‎ C。‎ ‎7.—Have you ever read the traditional story Yu Gong Moves a Mountain?‎ ‎ —Yes, our teacher often advises us ______ more meaningful traditional books.‎ ‎ A. reading B. reads C. read D. to read ‎【来源】四川 南充 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:你曾经读过传统故事愚公移山吗?—是的,我们的老师经常建议我们去读更有意义的传统故事。本题考查固定短语。advise sb to do sth建议某人做某事。故选D。‎ ‎8.—I think the environment is terrible these years.‎ ‎—Yes, it will be even worse______the government takes action______it.‎ ‎ A. until; protect B. unless; to protect C. if; protecting ‎【来源】黑龙江 龙东地区 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:—我认为这几年来环境太糟糕了。—是的,除非政府采取措施保护环境否则会变得更糟糕。A. until; 直到…为止,连词protect保护,动词;B. unless除非,如果不,连词; to protect保护,动词不定式;C. if如果,连词; protecting保护,分词。Take action to do sth采取行动去做某事;故正确答案选B。‎ ‎9.Every morning. Tim often sees some groups of middle—aged women _____in the square.‎ A. dance B. to dance C. Dances D. danced ‎【来源】甘肃 兰州 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意:每天早晨。蒂姆经常看到一些中年妇女在广场上跳舞。see sb. doing sth 是指”看见某人正在做某事”,不是全过程,表正在进行;see sb. do sth 是指”看见某人做过某事”是看着事情的发生全过程。根据频率副词often判断,此处只能用see sb. do sth.,只有A答案符合题意,故答案为A。‎ ‎10.Attention, please! Without permission, children are not allowed______alone here.‎ A. to swim B. swimming C. swim D. swam ‎【来源】湖北 孝感 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意:请注意!未经允许,孩子们不能单独在这里游泳。swim代词,游泳;to swim不定式形式;swam过去式。固定搭配allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事,动词不定式作宾补;本句为此结构的被动形式。故选:A。‎ ‎11.— Would you like to go swimming with me, Tom?‎ ‎— Sorry, but our teachers always tell us _______in the river.‎ ‎ A. don’t swim B. not swimming ‎ ‎ C. not to swim D. to not swim ‎【来源】湖北咸宁 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:—你愿意和我一起去游泳吗,汤姆?—对不起,但是我们的老师总是告诉我们不要在河里游泳。tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事,结合句意可知,答案为C。‎ ‎12.We set up this group_______disabled people like Ben Smith.‎ ‎ A. help B. to help C. helping ‎【来源】黑龙江 齐齐哈尔 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:我们成立这个小组是为了帮助像Ben Smith这样的残疾人。考查动词不定式。根据We set up this group disabled people like Ben Smith.可知,我们成立这个小组是为了帮助像Ben Smith这样的残疾人,句子中用to引导的不定式短语作目的状语,故答案选B。‎ ‎13. I didn’t see you ______ in. You must have been very quiet.‎ ‎ A. comes B. to come C. come D. have come ‎【来源】山东临沂 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:我没有见你进来,你一定是悄悄地进来的。考查非谓语动词。see sb. Doing sth.看见某人正在做某事,强调正在做的动作;see sb. do sth.意为“看见了某人做某事”,强调看见动作的全过程。根据句意,“我”没有看见come这个动作正在发生,故选C。‎ ‎14.Our teacher often tells us _______in the river. It’s dangerous.‎ ‎ A. not swim B. not to swim C. to swim D. swimming ‎【来源】广西 北部湾经济开发区 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:我们老师经常告诉我们不要在河里游泳。这很危险。此题考查不定式。题目中的 tell(告诉)是谓语,句子在连接第二个动词时,需要用 to 来连接,将其非谓语化,既不定式:to +动词原形。可以排除 A 和 D。根据句意:游泳是危险的。所以可以推断出老师是告诉我们不要去游泳。因此选择不定式的否定形式,即 B 选项。‎ ‎15.I can’t stand _______ in public.‎ ‎ A. smoking B. to smoke C. smoke D. smokes ‎【来源】内蒙古 通辽 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意:我不能忍受在公众场合吸烟。smoking吸烟,是动名词形式;to smoke动词不定式;smoke吸烟,动词原形;smokes是动词的第三人称单数形式。句中使用了句型can’t stand doing sth.不能忍受做某事,故这里应选A。‎ ‎16.Students ______ to the library after school.‎ ‎ A. allow to go B. are allowed going ‎ C. will allow go D. are allowed to go ‎【来源】内蒙古 通辽 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:学生们被允许放学后去图书馆。allow to go形式错误,allow后不能用动词不定式作宾语;are allowed going形式错误,allow 后直接用动名词作宾语;will allow go形式错误;are allowed to go被允许去…。这里考查allow这个词的用法,它的意思是“允许”,常用于句型allow sb. to do sth.或allow doing sth.,根据句意可知,句中的主语Students和动词allow构成被动关系,故应选D。‎ ‎17.— Mr. Wang, I have trouble ________ the text. Could you help me?‎ ‎— Certainly. First, remember _________ it three times at least. Then, I will tell you more.‎ ‎ A. to understand; reading B. understanding; reading ‎ C. understanding; to read D. to understand; to read ‎【来源】青海 西宁 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:—王老师,我在理解课文上有困难,你能帮助我吗?—当然了,首先记住至少要读三遍;然后我再告诉你更多。to understand动词不定式形式,理解;understanding动名词形式;reading阅读,动名词形式;to read动词不定式。第一个空考查了句型have trouble doing sth.做某事有困难,所以应用动名词形式,先排除A和D;第二个空前的动词remember有两个句型,remember to do sth.记得去做某事(还没有做);remember doing sth.记得做过某事。根据句意可知,这里应表示“记得去做”,用动词不定式,故应选C。‎ ‎18.Our parents won't allow us _____ in the river alone.‎ ‎ A. swim B. to swim C. swimming D. swam ‎【来源】云南省 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:我们的父母不允许我们单独去河里游泳。A. swim动词原形;B. to swim动词不定式;C. swimming分词形式;D. swam过去式。Allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事。故答案选B。‎ 点睛:接动词不定式作宾语补足语的常见动词:advise. 建议;allow 允许;ask 请(叫);encourage.鼓励;expect 期望;help. 帮助;invite. 邀请; like 喜欢;need需要;order命令;prefer. 宁愿teach .教;tell 告诉;want. 想;warn. 警告;wish希望等。‎ ‎19.Sue practises______the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.‎ ‎ A. play B. played C. to play D. playing ‎【来源】上海 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:苏练习小提琴很刻苦,经常会有一些精彩的表演。practice doing sth.练习做某事。故答案为D。‎ ‎20.Mr. Zhou is good at cooking and he has decided______his own restaurant.‎ ‎ A. open B. opened C. to open D. opening ‎【来源】上海 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:周先生擅长烹饪,他决定开一家属于自己的餐馆。decide to do sth.决定去做某事,固定搭配。故答案为C。‎ ‎21.I got up early this morning_____my grandma at the airport.‎ ‎ A. to pick up B. picking up C. picked up ‎【来源】四川成都 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意:今天早上起床早为了在机场接我的奶奶。短语pick up表示接某人;这里是动词不定式表示目的。根据题意,故选A。‎ 点睛:to do … 这种结构形式可置于句首(为了强调目的时,通常把动词不定式放在句首)或句尾,通常不必用逗号隔开。在句首时通常译为:为了……;在句尾时通常译为:以便……,为了……,来……。如: I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.‎ ‎22.As we all know, a person learns many things by making mistakes and ________ them.‎ ‎ A. corrects B. correct C. to correct D. correcting ‎【来源】内蒙古 包头 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:我们都知道,一个人通过犯错误和改正错误可以学到很多东西。考 ‎ ‎ 查动名词。And连接两个并列的成分,由前面的making可知此处形式应与其 ‎ 一致,即doing形式;结合选项,可知D选项符合题意,故答案选D。‎ 点睛:介词by意为“通过…,凭…”,后面常接动名词,形成“by+v.—ing”结构,表 ‎ 示通过做某事而得到某种结果;本题中by后面有两个宾语,一个是making ‎ ‎ mistakes,另外一个是correcting them,and连接两个并列宾语,故答案选D。‎ ‎23.—Tom, have you ever read the book《A Tale of Two Cities》____by Charles Dickens ?‎ ‎—Yes ,I finished reading it last winter vocation.‎ ‎ A. wrote B. to write C. writing D. written ‎【来源】贵州 安顺 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:—汤姆,你读过查尔斯·狄更斯写的《双城记》吗?—是的,我去年寒假就读完了。过去分词written用作后置定语修饰the book《A Tale of Two Cities》,与所修饰的名词之间表示被动的关系,故答案为D。‎ 点睛:现在分词与过去分词都可以用作后置定语。现在分词表示主动意义,如:Do you know the boy standing under the tree?  (可换做who is standing);过去分词一般表示被动含意,Have you found the pen bought in Beijing?(可换做that/which was bought)。现在分词表示正在进行,过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。‎ ‎24.— You should do what you can____your English, Li Ming.‎ ‎— Ok, I will. Thank you, Ms. Hu.‎ ‎ A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. improved ‎【来源】贵州 安顺 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:—你应该尽你所能来提高你的英语水平,李明。—好吧,我会的。谢谢你,胡老师。what you can (do)作动词do的宾语,为宾语从句,do what you can尽你所能,后面用动词不定式作目的状语,故答案为B。‎ ‎25.People are supposed____________ hands when they meet for the first time in America.‎ ‎ A. shaking B. to shake C. shake ‎【来源】黑龙江 绥化市 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:在美国,人们第一次相见的时候应握手。‎ A. shaking现在分词形式;B. to shake动词不定式 ; C. shake动词原形。Be supposed to do sth应该做某事,为固定用法,故选B。‎ ‎26.My mother doesn't allow me_ _______outside too late on school nights.‎ ‎ A. to stay B. stay C. staying ‎【来源】黑龙江 绥化市 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意:在上学的日子里,我妈妈不允许我在外面待的太晚。本题考查动词不定式。Allow sb ‎ to do sth允许某人做某事,是固定用法,故选A ‎27.Would you mind ____________down the music? It's too noisy.‎ ‎ A. to turn B. turning C. turn ‎【来源】黑龙江 哈尔滨 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:你介意把音乐的音量调小一些吗?太吵了。本题考查动名词。A. to 在乎"后面只能跟动名词作宾语,故选B 点睛:巧记初中英语中只能接动名词作宾语的动词:‎ 建议抵制享受—(suggest, advise; resist; enjoy)‎ 考虑承认冒险—(consider; admit; risk)‎ 避免推迟实践—(avoid; delay; practise)‎ 期待成功完成—(look forward to; succeed in; finish)‎ ‎28.Harry invited me_______ with him when his parents were out of town.‎ ‎ A. stay B. staved C. staying D. to stay ‎【来源】天津市 ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意:Harry 邀请我在他爸妈不在镇上的时候去陪他待着。本题考查动词的时态。A. stay 原型; B. staved过去式; C. staying 现在分词; D. to stay动词不定式。Invite sb to do sth邀请某人做某事,故选D to stay。‎ ‎29.Larry hopes ______ his English, so he keeps practicing it every day.‎ ‎ A. to solve B. solving C. to improve D. improving ‎【来源】山东 青岛 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:劳瑞希望提高他的英语,因此他每天坚持练习它。根据hope to do希望做某事,排除B/D; solve解决;improve提高,根据so he keeps practicing it every day.可知是希望提高;故选C ‎30.Their parents don’t allow them_______ in the river because it’s rally dangerous.‎ ‎ A. swim B. swimming C. to swim D. swam ‎【来源】重庆市 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们的父母不允许他们在河里游泳,因为这的确很危险。allow ‎ sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事。故选C。‎ ‎31.My two cousins decide ______ a business together.‎ ‎ A. to start B. starting C. start D. started ‎【来源】甘肃 武威 ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意:我的两个表兄弟决定一起创业。本题考查固定搭配。decide to do sth是固定搭配,意思是“决定去做某事”,结合选项,可知A选项符合题意,故答案选A。‎ ‎32.–Julia, your mobile phone is ringing.‎ ‎–Wait a minute. It’s dangerous ______ it while crossing the street.‎ ‎ A. answering B. answer C. to answer ‎【来源】 四川 乐山 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:——朱丽亚,你的手机响了。—等一下。过马路时接电话是危险的。考查动词辨析题。It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……,是固定句式,不定式结构做真正主语。根据句意结构,可知选C。‎ ‎33.—You can only keep the books for two weeks, Tom. Remember ____them on time.‎ ‎—I will.‎ ‎ A. return B. returning C. to return ‎【来源】湖南 郴州 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:—这些书你能借两周,汤姆,记住按时归还它们。—我会的。根据remember to do记住去做某事; remember doing记得做过某事;根据You can only keep the books for two weeks, Tom Remember ____them on time.可知是记住去还;故选C ‎34.We all look forward to______you again soon.‎ ‎ A. see B. seeing C. seen ‎【来源】四川 宜宾 ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意:我们都盼望着不久再次见到你。根据look forward to doing sth盼望做某事;故选B ‎35.We only planned _____ the play for an hour, but in the end, we stayed for three hours.‎ ‎ A. watch B. watches C. to watch D. watched ‎【来源】天津市 ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意:我们仅计划观看半个小时的戏剧,但最后,我们待在那儿三个小时。考查非谓语动词的用法。表示“计划干某事”应用plan to do sth。故选C。‎

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