中考英语复习语法课件：副词 16页

第二轮复习 语法梳理 第五节 副词 考点梳理 用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、全句 , 说明方式、程度、地点、时间或频度等。 (1) 方式副词： well, fast, slowly, carefully 等。 (2) 程度副词： very, much, almost, enough 等。 (3) 地点副词： here, there, out, home 等。 (4) 时间副词： today, soon, already, now 等。 (5) 频度副词： never, sometimes, often, usually, seldom, once 等。 (6) 其他： also, early, perhaps, too, only, either 等。 考点 1 副词的种类 考点梳理 一、变化规则 副词的比较级和最高级的构成和形容词的比较级和最高级的构成基本相同。 1. 单音节词 (1) 副词和形容词同形 , 单音节 , 比较级在词尾加 -er ，最高级在词尾加 -est 。 fast—faster—fastest hard—harder—hardest loud—louder—loudest (2) 以字母“ e” 结尾的副词 , 比较级加 -r, 最高级加 -st 。 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 late—later—latest (3) 以辅音字母 y 结尾的副词 , 比较级和最高级先变 y 为 i, 再加 -er ， -est 。 early—earlier—earliest 2. 双音节和多音节词 , 前面比较级加 more ，最高级加 most 。 accurately—more accurately—most accurately carefully—more carefully—most carefully gracefully—more gracefully—most gracefully politely—more politely—most politely 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 有些副词有两种形式 , 都可以 slowly—slower/more slowly quickly—quicker/more quickly loudly—louder/more loudly softly—softer/more softly neatly—neater/more neatly 3. 不规则变化 well—better—best badly—worse—worst little—less—least much—more—most far—farther—farthest 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 二、副词比较级和最高级的用法 (1) 单独使用： Try to do better next time. 下次争取做得更好。 I had seen the film only a few days earlier. 我是几天前才看的这部电影。 He’ll come back sooner or later. 他迟早会回来的。 Please speak more slowly. 请讲慢一点。 I determined not to travel farther that night. 我决定那天晚上不再往前走了。 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 (2) 和 than 一起使用： He swims better than I do. 他游泳游得比我好。 He works less than he used to. 他工作的时间比以前少了。 Can you do any better than that? 你能不能干得好一些？ He arrived earlier than usual. 他到得比平时早。 He studied the subject further than I do. 这问题他研究得比我深。 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 (3) 比较级前可有状语修饰： You must work much faster. 你必须大大加快干活的速度。 He walked no further. 他没再往前走。 She could dance even more gracefully than a dancer. 她能比舞蹈演员跳得更优雅。 Helen came late, but her sister came still later. 海伦来晚了， 而她妹妹来得更晚。 Can you come over a bit more quickly? 你能稍稍快点来吗？ 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 4. as…as 和 not so…as 结构，这两个结构也可结合副词使用： (1) as…as 可用在肯定句中，表示 “像 …… 一样”，后面的副词要用原级： She can run as fast as a deer. 她能跑得像鹿一样快。 They work as hard as you do. 他们工作像你一样努力。 I hate him as much as you do. 我像你一样恨他。 I’ll be round as quick as I can. 我将尽快过来。 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 (2) 在否定句中， as…as 和 so…as 都可以用： I don’t go there as much as I used to. 我现在到那里不像过去那么多了。 I didn’t do as (so) well as I should. 我做得不如我应做的那么好。 I can’t jump so (as) high as Peter. 我跳高不如彼特。 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 (3) 这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语： I don’t speak half as (so) well as you. 我讲得不及你的一半好。 She can read twice as fast as he does. 她阅读的速度比他快一倍。 This type of machine works three times as fast as the other one. 这种机器的工作速度是另一种机器的三倍。 考点 2 副词的比较级和最高级 考点梳理 1. 按一般规则，如果有几个时间状语，小单位的在前，大单位的后。 The class begins at 8∶00 in the morning. 2. 按一般规则，地点状语的位置，范围小的在前，范围大的在后。 He works in a car factory in Shanghai. 3. 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用连词连接。 Please write slowly and carefully. 考点 3 副词在句中的排列顺序 考点梳理 4. 多个不同的副词排列：方式 + 地点 + 时间。 Please do your homework carefully in the classroom this afternoon. 考点 3 副词在句中的排列顺序 考点梳理 1. close 与 closely close 意思是“近”； closely 意思是“接近地”。 He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. 2. late 与 lately late 意思是“晚”； lately 意思是“最近”。 You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 考点 4 副词辨析 考点梳理 3. deep 与 deeply deep 意思是“深”，表示空间深度； deeply 时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地”。 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4. high 与 highly high 表示空间高度； highly 表示程度，相当于 much 。 The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 考点 4 副词辨析 考点梳理 5. wide 与 widely wide 表示空间宽度； widely 意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”。 He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. 6. free 与 freely free 的意思是“免费”； freely 的意思是“无限制地”。 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely, say what you like. 考点 4 副词辨析