备战2021 中考英语 导练案 考点12 一般过去时 （学生版） 7页

考点 12 一般过去时 1. 一般过去时的定义 ①一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如 yesterday，the day before yesterday，last week，in 2015，three days ago，the other day，just now，at the moment， this morning，once upon a time，long long ago。 —What did you do yesterday? 昨天你做了什么？ —I went swimming. 我去游泳了。 ②表示过去经常性或习惯性发生的动作。 When I was at middle school, I often went to school by bike. 我读中学时经常骑自行车去学校。 2. 一般过去时的基本结构 ①实义动词 肯定句：主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他. I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天看了电影。 否定句：主语 + didn’t + 动词原形 + 其他。 I didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天没看电影。 一般疑问句及其回答：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他? 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + did. 否定回答：No, 主语 + didn’t / did not. —Did you go to the cinema yesterday? 你昨天去看电影了吗？ —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 是的，我去了。/ 不，我没去。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？ —Where did you go yesterday? 你昨天去哪儿了？ —I went to the cinema yesterday. 我昨天去看电影了。 ② be 动词 肯定句：主语 + was/were + 其他. I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 否定句：主语 + wasn’t/weren’t + 其他. I wasn’t at home yesterday. 我昨天没在家。 一般疑问句及其回答：Were/Was + 主语 + 其他? —Were you at home yesterday? 你昨天在家吗？ —Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t. 是的，我在家。/ 不，我不在家。 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + were/was + 主语 + 其他? —Where were you yesterday? 你昨天在哪？ —I was at home yesterday. 我昨天在家。 3. 动词过去式的变化规则 情况 构成方法 例词 一般情况 加-ed wash→washed help→helped 以不发音的字母 e结尾 加-d hope→hoped like→liked 以辅音字母 + y结尾 变 y为 i，再加-ed carry→carried study→studied 结尾只有一个辅音字 母的重读闭音节 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed stop→stopped plan→planned 4. 一般过去时的用法 （1）表示在过去某个时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。常与 yesterday, last week, in 1989, just now, a moment ago, the other day等连用。 He was here just now. 他刚才还在这里。 What did you do yesterday? 你昨天做了什么事? （2）在过去一段时间内的经常性或习惯性动作。 We often played together when we were children. 我们小时候常在一起玩。 注意：表示过去经常发生的动作还可用 used to和 would。 He used to smoke a lot, but he doesn’t now. 他过去经常抽烟，但现在不抽了。 Whenever we were in trouble, he would help us. 每当我们遇到困难，他都会帮助我们。 （3）表示主语过去的特征或性格。 At that time she was very good at English. 那时她英语学得很好。 （4）用在状语从句中表示过去将来。 He said he would wait until they came back. （5）一般过去时有时可以表示现在，多与 want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等动词连用，使语气更委婉。 I wondered if you could help me. 不知你能不能帮我一下。 有时用一般过去时也是时态一致的需要。 I didn’t know you were here. 我不知道你在这里。 注意： （1）表示一系列的动作，尽管有先后，都用一般过去时，最后两个动词之间用 and连结。 He opened the door, rushed out and then disappeared. 他打开门，冲了出去，然后就消失了。 （2）注意在语境中理解＂我刚才/原来还不……＂。 —Your phone number again? I didn’t quite catch it. 请再说一次你的电话号码，好吗？我刚才没听清楚。 —It’s 2566666. 是 2566666。 5. 一般过去时代替完成时 （1）两个动作如按顺序发生，又不强调先后，或用 then，and，but 等连词时，多用一般过去时。 When she saw the mouse, she screamed. My aunt gave me a hat and I lost it. （2）两个动作相继发生，可用一般过去时；如第一个动作需要若干时间完成，用过去完成时。 When I heard the news, I was very excited. （3）叙述历史事实，可不用过去完成时，而只用一般过去时。 Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492. 一般过去时 肯定句的过去式，规则动词加-ed，不规则的必须记。 否定形式疑问句，没有 be加 did。 如把 did加在前，动词也要还原形。 一、单项选择 1. —Great changes have taken place in our hometown over the past years. —Yeah. Things ______different when we were young. A．have been B．are C．will be D．were 2. John and I ______ to visit his grandparents last Sunday afternoon. A．go B．went C．will go D．have gone 3. The Blacks have moved into the new house. They ______ it at a low price. A．buy B．have bought C．bought D．will buy 4. —I have seen the film The Jurassic World. It's very interesting. —Really? When______ you______ it? A．have; seen B．did; see C．will; see D．do;see 5. ﹣Haven't you handed in your project？ ﹣Yes．My classmates and I______ on it for the whole weekend． A．have worked B．are working C．work D．worked 6. He ______ his English teacher when he was sightseeing in Paris. A. has met B. had met C. met D. would meet 7. In February, Chinese tech company Huawei ______ Mate X, a foldable（可折叠的）5G mobile phone. A. is introducing B. introduced C. introduces D. was introduced 8. —Where did you go last winter vacation? —I______ to London with my family. A. go B. have gone C. went D. was going 二、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1. —Have you ever been to Shanghai? —Of course. Actually, I ______ (work) there for six years but now I live in Taizhou. 2. —There is someone knocking at the door. —It must be the computer repairman. I______(call) him to come to fix my computer. 3. David is a tennis player. He______(begin) to play tennis when he was six years old. 4. While she ______(watch) TV, she ______(hear) a sound outside the room. 5. As we all know, the Silk Road ______ (connect) China to the west in ancient times. 1. 【2020 •黔西南州】— Peter, have you ever been to the English Corner? — Oh, yes. I ________ there to practice speaking once a week last term. A. went B. go C. have gone D. will go 2. 【2020 •黑龙江省龙东地区】It has been two months since my father ________ for Italy. A. was left B. left C. leaves 3. 【2020 •江苏省苏州市】—Wow, you’ve made so much progress in drawing. — Thanks. I _________ two online courses this winter holiday. A. took B. will take C. take D. was taking 4. 【2020 •乐山市】—Hello, John. This is Mike. What are you doing now? —I'm watching a film on TV. It ____________ at 7:30 and will be on for another hour. A. starts B. started C. has started. 5. 【2020 •凉山州】 On January 29th, 2020, Zhong Nanshan and his team ___________ over four hours online ___________ five patients who were seriously ill, and made a treatment plan for those patients. A. spent; checking B. spent; to check C. spend; checking D. spend; to check 6.【2020 •贵州黔南州】—I have seen the film We Are All Fighters against the COVID-19. What about you, Peter? —Oh. I __________ it last week. A. have seen B. see C. saw D. will see 7. 【2020 •海南省】Eric often _________his aunt before he moved to the city. A. has visited B. visits C. visited 8. 【2020 •徐州市】—Alice has gone out. — Oh, has she? What time ________she________? A. has; gone B. is; going C. will; go D. did; go 9. 【2020 •盐城市】—My mother said you went on a Silk Road trip last year. —Yes, it a wonderful trip. A. is B. was C. will be D. were 10. 【2020 •扬州市】Yesterday Mom________ me some money to buy a dictionary. A. gives B. gave C. has given D. was giving 11. 【2020 •江西省】I don’t know the words to a lot of songs, but I do know some folk songs that my grandma ________ me at an early age. A. teaches B. taught C. will teach D. has taught 12. 【2020 •沈阳市】—Have you ever visited Shenyang EXPO Garden? —Yes. I ________ it last year. A. have visited B. visit C. visited D. will visit 13. 【2020•湖北省黄石市】I ________our English teacher in the supermarket yesterday. A．meet B．met C．have met D．has met 14. 【2020•武汉市】Sally______________ where she had left the car and the police found it this morning. A. forgot B. has forgotten C. forgets D. had forgotten 15.【2020•长沙市】The film My People, My Country, which amazed lots of movie-goers, ________ to the top of the Chinese box office last Monday. A. jump B. jumped C. jumps 1. 【2021·北京市昌平区二模】—Where did you go during the weekend? —I ________ at home and watched New World on my iPad. It was really exciting! A. stay B. will stay C. stays D. stayed 2. 【2021·北京市朝阳区中考零模】David is a tennis player. He _____ to play tennis when he was six. A. begins B. will begin C. began D. has began 模】 — Excuse me. Look at the sign NO PARKING! — Sorry, I ________ it. I will drive my car away at once. A. didn’t see B. haven’t seen C. won’t see 4. 【2021·黑龙江省牡丹江市中考一模】—Listen! There is someone knocking at the door. —It must be Bob. I________ him to come to repair my computer. A. called B. will call C. am calling 5.【2021·江苏省南通市海门市中考二模】—Why hasn’t anyone come to the party? — Oh, my god! I ______ the wrong date in the invitation letters the other day. A. wrote B. have written C. will write D. write