初中英语语法第7集 名师讲解+中考真题欣赏+配套练习题 语态 非谓语动词 69页

初中英语语法English Grammar 语态 非谓语动词 ‎******************************************************‎ 第十一章 动词的语态（Voices）‎ 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态 1. 被动语态的构成 ‎ 1) 被动语态的基本构成形式 主语+助动词be+过去分词 2) 被动语态的时态 被动语态的时态通过助动词be的变化来体现。这个助动词必须与主语的人称和数相一致。现以do为例，将被动语态常用时态列表如下：‎ 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态 现在 amisare done amisare being done hashave been done 过去 waswere done waswere being done had been done 将来 shallwill be done shallwill have been done shouldwould be shouldwould have been 过去将来 ‎ done ‎ done 1) 各种时态的被动语态 ① 一般现在时的被动语态 ‎ e.g. The lights are usually turned on at 6:30.‎ ② 一般过去时的被动语态 ‎ e.g. Our house was built in 1979.‎ ③ 一般将来时的被动语态 ‎ e.g. This question will be answered by our headmaster.‎ ④ 过去将来时的被动语态 ‎ e.g. I knew the room would be cleaned.‎ ⑤ 现在进行时的被动语态 ‎ e.g. Your bicycle is being repaired now.‎ ⑥ 过去进行时的被动语态 ‎ e.g. The man was being questioned by the police.‎ ⑦ 现在完成时的被动语态 ‎ e.g. My car has been repaired.‎ ⑧ 过去完成时的被动语态 ‎ e.g. I heard she had already been sent to hospital.‎ 2) 带情态动词的被动语态 情态动词+be+过去分词 e.g. This must be done as soon as possible.‎ 1) 有些短语动词的被动语态 有些短语动词，如“动词+介词”、“动词+副词”、“动词+名词+介词”，其作用相当于及物动词，也可以由被动语态。在被动语态结构中，介词或副词不可丢掉，且其位置不变。‎ e.g. My brother’s child is taken care of by my mother.‎ 2) 含有两个宾语的被动语态 在多数情况下，把间接宾语变为主语，而把直接宾语保留下来。 ‎ e.g. She was told a long story.‎ 3) 含有复合宾语的被动语态 把宾语变为主语，宾语补足语变为主语补足语 ‎ e.g. The child was named Tom.‎ 1. 主动语态变被动语态 1) 两种语态结构对比（箭头表示动作方向）‎ 宾语 ‎（动作承受者）‎ 谓语 ‎（及物动词）‎ 主语 ‎（动作发出者）‎ ‎ ‎ 主动语态 → → ‎ e.g. He wrote the letter.‎ 宾语 ‎（动作发出者）‎ 谓语 ‎（be+过去分词）‎ 主语 ‎（动作承受者）‎ 被动语态 → → ‎ e.g. The letter was written by him.‎ 1) 主动句变被动句的基本步骤 ① 把主动句的宾语作为被动句的主语 ② 把主动句的谓语改为“be+该动词的过去分词”形式，做被动句的谓语，注意be要根据主语的人称、数和该句的时态要求保持一致 ③ 主动句的主语改为by的宾语，有时可省略“by+主语”‎ 2) 主动句变被动句的基本句式 ‎ 主动句：主语+助动词（情态动词）+谓语+宾语 ① e.g. We will do that experiment next time.‎ 被动句：主语（原宾语）+助动词（情态动词）+be+过去分词+by+原主语 e.g. That experiment will be done by us next time.‎ ‎ 主动句：主语+短语动词+宾语 ② e.g. The nurse takes good care of us.‎ 被动句：主语（原宾语）+be+短语动词的过去分词形式+by+原主语 e.g. We are taken good care of by the nurse.‎ ‎ 主动句：主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 ① e.g. We gave him some magazines.‎ 被动句：主语(间接宾语)+be+过去分词+直接宾语主语(直接宾语)+be+过去分词+to(for)+间接宾语 ‎ e.g. He was given some magazines (by us). Some magazines were given to him (by us).‎ ‎【注】一般将主动句中表示人的间接宾语变为被动句的主语 ‎ 主动句：主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 ② e.g. They chose Tom captain.‎ 被动句：主语（原宾语）+谓语+原宾语补足语 e.g. Tom was chosen captain.‎ ‎【注】如主动句中宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变成被动语态后要加to e.g. I saw him go to the church.‎ He was seen to go to the church.‎ 1. 被动语态的用法 英语中，何时情况下才使用被动语态的举例 1) 不知道动作的执行者，只知道承受者的情况 ‎ e.g. Silk is produced in Suzhou.‎ 2) 不必说出动作的执行者的情况 ‎ e.g. Such books are written for children.‎ 1) 需要突出和强调动作的承受者的情况 ‎ e.g. She is liked by everyone.‎ ‎【注】①不及物动词没有被动语态，如：happen，take，please，disappear等 e.g. 这件事发生在1989年。‎ ‎（Wrong） This was happened in 1989.‎ ‎（Right） This happened in 1989.‎ ‎②有些动词，如：have，feel，hold，become，rise，look，sound，seem等只能着眼于表示状态而不强调动作，一般不用于被动语态中。‎ e.g. 树变绿了。‎ ‎（Wrong）The trees have been become green.‎ ‎（Right） The trees have become green.‎ 1. 被动语态和“连系动词+表语（过去分词）”的区别 被动语态中的过去分词是动词，表动作；系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，表状态。前者可用by短语表示动作的执行者，后者则一般不用by短语。 比较：‎ ‎ This book was written last year. The glass was broken by my sister.‎ 这本书是去年写的。（被动语态） 玻璃杯是我妹妹打破的。（被动语态）‎ This book was well written. The glass is broken.‎ 这本书写得很好。（系表结构） 玻璃杯破了。（系表结构）‎ ‎************************************************************************结束 ‎【中考真题欣赏】‎ ‎【2010辽宁·沈阳】‎ ‎5.—Have you ____ joined in a dragon boat race?‎ ‎—Yes，I have．‎ A．never B．still C．seldom D．ever 答案Ｄ ‎【解析】现在完成时，ever 曾经。句意：你曾经参加过龙周赛吗？故答案选D ‎ ‎【2010辽宁·沈阳】‎ ‎7.Tomorrow there's a programme about our school on TV，then it ____ by millions of people．‎ A．will see B．saw C．will be seen D．was seen 答案：C ‎【解析】根据句意，此句应用被动语态，又本句是将来时，故答案选C。‎ ‎【2010辽宁·沈阳】‎ ‎11．—Where ____ you ____ lunch?‎ ‎—At home．There was no school lunch A．did；have B．are；having C．will；have D．do；have 答案：A ‎【解析】根据答语，此句应该用一般过去时，故答案选A。‎ ‎【2010湖北·襄樊】‎ ‎37．--I the Great Wall next week．‎ ‎--Have a good trip！‎ A． visit B． visited C． am visiting D． have visited 答案C ‎【解析】next week 是将来时的时间状语，现在进行时表将来，故答案选Ｃ。‎ ‎【2010湖北·襄樊】‎ ‎38．--I went to see you yesterday evening． But you weren’t in． Where were you then？‎ ‎--I __________ a walk by the lake with my husband．‎ A． was having B． am having C． have had D． have 答案Ａ ‎【解析】当两个一长一短的动作，在过去某时某地同时发生时，用过去进行时表示较长的动作，根据句意，故答案应选Ａ ‎【2010湖北·襄樊】‎ ‎39．--What a dean and bright classroom， isn’t it？‎ ‎--Yes，it’s always clean and bright because it every day．‎ A． cleans B． cleaned ‎ C． is cleaned D． was cleaned 答案C ‎【解析】根据句意，教室干净整洁是因为它每天被打扫，故用被动语态，又因every day是一般现在时的标志，故答案选Ｃ。‎ ‎【2010山东·东营】‎ ‎35. He to Dongying many times, so he knows every corner of it.‎ A. went B. will go C. has gone D. has been ‎ 答案C ‎【2010安徽省卷】‎ ‎47. -- Why didn't you go to the cinema with us this afternoon?‎ ‎-- I ______ at the station for my uncle from Beijing.‎ A. was waiting B. have waited ‎ C. am waiting D. will wait 答案： A ‎【解析】动词时态。上句提供过去的语言环境：今天下午你为什么没和我们一起看电影啊，所以下句要用：我“一直在等”从北京来的我叔叔，因此用过去进行时。所以选答案A.‎ ‎【2010安徽省卷】‎ ‎44. -- Are you going to the party?‎ ‎-- No, because I ______.‎ A. have asked B. haven't asked ‎ C. have been asked D. haven't been asked 答案： D ‎【解析】被动语态。回答不去参加晚会是因为“我没有被邀请”，用被动语态，并且是否定式。所以选择答案D.‎ ‎【2010安徽省卷】‎ ‎41. -- Have you ever been to Shanghai, Mary?‎ ‎-- Yes. I _______ there for three clays with my parents last' month.‎ A. have gone B. have been C. went D. was 答案： D ‎【解析】动词时态。虽然上句使用完成时态问的，但是答语后有last month过去的时间状语，所以用过去时态；又加有for three days一段时间，所以不用短暂动词went而用was过去式。‎ ‎【2010河北省卷】‎ ‎44. I ________ my clothes, and the phone rang.‎ A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing 答案：D ‎【解析】过去进行时态的考查。句义为“当我在洗衣服的时候，电话铃响了”。其结构为“was/were+现在分词” 故选D。‎ ‎【2010河北省卷】‎ ‎41. My brother left school in 2005, and since then he ________ in Beijing.‎ A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has lived 答案：D ‎【解析】考查现在完成时态的用法。Since是现在完成时的标志，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。 故选D。‎ ‎【2010河北省卷】‎ ‎37. Hong Kong ________ to be a good place for eating today.‎ A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 答案：C ‎【解析】被动语态。香港被认为是当今吃美食的好地方。被动语态的结构：be + 动词的过去分词。故选择：C.‎ ‎【2010河北省卷】‎ ‎38. This term ________ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.‎ A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 答案：D ‎【解析】一般将来时态的考查。句义为“这学期即将结束。暑假在两星期之后就要到来。”in two weeks是一般将来时态的标志。故选择：D.‎ ‎【2010河北省卷】‎ ‎39. I ________ a mistake. Please don’t be angry with me.‎ A. make B. made C. will make D. had made 答案：B ‎【解析】考查一般过去式的用法。句义为“我犯了一个错误，请不要和我生气”。答案D为过去完成时态，故选择：B。‎ ‎【2010河北省卷】‎ ‎36. Everyone ________ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong.‎ A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks 答案：D ‎【解析】动词时态用法。everyone意为“每个人”，其动词形式应为动词的第三人称单数形式，可排除A,B。find意为“发现”， think意为“认为”，根据句意应选D。‎ ‎【2010湖北·武汉】‎ ‎26. Mike is from America. He ________ English.‎ A. spoke B. will speak C. speaks D. had spoken 答案：C ‎【解析】动词时态。句意：迈克来自美国。他说英语。此题叙述的是一般情况，所以从句意可知应该用一般现在时，又主语为he，第三人称单数，所以选C。‎ ‎【2010湖北·武汉】‎ ‎27. --When _______ you _______ to learn to skate?‎ ‎--Five years ago.‎ A. do; start B. will; start C. had; started D. did; start 答案：D ‎【解析】动词时态。句意：——你什么时候开始学溜冰的？——五年前。从答语中可知谈论的是过去时态，所以本题应当用一般过去时，故答案为D。‎ ‎【2010湖北·武汉】‎ ‎28. –Where are you going for your holiday?‎ ‎--Well, we _______ yet.‎ A. haven’t decided B. hadn’t decided ‎ C. don’t decide D. didn’t decide 答案：A ‎【解析】动词时态。句意：——你们要去哪里度假？——哦，沃我们还没决定呢。从答语可知，谈论的是过去的事，但是对现在也造成了一定的影响，“还没决定”，答语为现在完成时，故选A。‎ ‎【2010福建•晋江】‎ ‎34.--Hello! May I speak to Kate?‎ ‎--Sorry, she isn’t here now. She __________to Shanghai.‎ A. went B. has been C. has gone 答案：C ‎【解析】动词时态。根据对话内容可知，“凯特现在不在家，她去上海了”，强调她现在不在这里。故选择：C。‎ ‎【2010福建•晋江】‎ ‎36. –I want to teach in Tibet when I graduate from the college.‎ ‎--Me too. Teachers __________very much there.‎ A. need B. are needing C. are needed 答案：C ‎【解析】被动语态。“教师是那里非常需要的”，主要强调老师是动作的承受者。被动语态的结构：be + 动词的过去分词。故选择C。‎ ‎【2010湖北·咸宁】‎ ‎27. — The 2010 Asian Sports Meet________this November in Guangzhou.‎ ‎— Yes. I wish Chinese players will do well.‎ A. will be held B. have been held ‎ C. was to be held D. would be held 答案：A ‎ ‎【解析】时态与语态的用法。2010年亚运会中考时还未召开，所以要用将来时态；物做主语，用被动语态，亚运会是被召开，所以用将来时态的被动语态，因此选择答案A.‎ ‎【2010湖北·咸宁】‎ ‎30. — Could I clean the bedroom for you?‎ ‎— No, thanks. I________it myself.‎ A. cleaned B. have cleaned C. was cleaning D. had cleaned 答案：B ‎ ‎【解析】动词的时态。句子意思是：我能为你打扫卧室吗？不用了，我已经自己打扫过了。已经打扫过对现在的影响是不用扫了，这是现在完成时态的用法，所以选择答案B.‎ ‎【2010黑龙江·哈尔滨】2‎ ‎6．Great changes have taken place since we ______ E—Times．And the computer is widely used throughout the world．‎ A．entered                 B．will enter             C．have entered 答案：A ‎【解析】本题考查时态。根据前面的完成时态可以看出是since 的句式：现在完成时+ since + 一般过去时，本题的意思是：自从电子邮件时代的到来，发生了巨大的变化。电脑被广泛应用于世界各地。‎ ‎************************************************2010结束 ‎【2011•河南省】‎ ‎25. —I called you at 4:00 yesterday afternoon, but no one answered.‎ ‎—Sorry, I _____ with my friends at that time.‎ A. swim B. swam C. will swim D, was swimming ‎【.答案】：D。‎ 考查动词时态。首句说：我昨天下午4点钟给你打电话，但是没人接。下句显然是要告诉对方当时正在做什么，故用过去进行。句意：…，我当时和我的朋友们在一起。‎ ‎【2011•河南省】‎ ‎33. —Excuse me, where is Mr. Brown's office?‎ ‎—Sorry, I don't know. I_____ here for only a few days.‎ A. work B. worked C. have worked D. will work ‎【.答案：】C。考 查动词时态及情景交际。句意：…。我在这儿才几天 ‎【2011黑龙江绥化市】‎ ‎14.—Where is Bob?‎ ‎—He______to Harbin for a meeting.‎ A. went B. has been C. has gone 答案：C ‎【解析】词义辨析。have been to 指“去过”，have gone to 指“去了”， 即不在说话者所在地。根据句义，“他去哈尔滨参加会议”，所以选C。‎ ‎【2011黑龙江绥化市】‎ ‎24. Don't make so much noise. The children_______an English lesson.‎ A. have B. are having C. were having 答案：B ‎【解析】时态考查。根据情境：不要闹动静，因为孩子们正在上英语课，故用现在进行时。‎ ‎【2011江苏徐州】‎ ‎8. I was very angry with John—he just_______ when I spoke to him.‎ A. isn’t listening B. hasn’t listened ‎ C. didn’t listen D. wasn’t listening 答案：D ‎【解析】考查动词的时态。句意“我生约翰的气，当我和你说话的时候，他就是不听。”过去进行时强调过去某时间正在做的事情。‎ ‎【2011江苏徐州】‎ ‎13. — Are you going to the bank, Laura?‎ ‎—No, I _______ to the bank already.‎ A. have been B. have gone C. am going D. had been 答案A ‎【解析】考查动词时态的用法。由上句句意“……你打算去银行吗？－不。”和“already”推测他已经去过了，用现在完成时。Have/has been+地点意为“去过某地（已回来）”；have/has gone+地点意为“到某地去了（现在不在这儿）”。故选A。‎ ‎【2011内蒙古包头】‎ ‎22. Mr. Black is going to marry a girl he _______ in Japan last year. ‎ A. meets B. met C. has met D. would meet ‎【答案：】B ‎【解析】本题考查过去分词做定语的用法。句意为“布莱克先生打算和他去年在日本结识的女孩结婚”。故选B。‎ ‎【2011四川资阳】‎ ‎27. So far this year, many new houses ________ in Wenchuan with the help of the government.‎ A. build B. are built C. will build D. have been built 答案：D ‎【解析】考查动词的时态。句中有So far“到目前为止”，使用现在完成时态，故选D。‎ ‎【2011天津】‎ ‎36. My grandmother ______ a lot of changes in Tianjin since she came here.‎ A．sees B. can see C. will see D. has seen 答案：D ‎ ‎【解析】 动词的时态。 “Since，自从……以来”是现在完成时的标志词，因此这句话用现在完成时。‎ ‎【2011乌鲁木齐】‎ ‎34.The meeting _________by the time I got there yesterday.‎ A. was on B. has been on C. had begun D. has begun ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】时态的考察 “我昨天到哪儿”是过去，“会议开始在我到哪儿之前”应是过去的过去。故用过去完成时。‎ ‎【2011•广西柳州】‎ ‎43.—You have found your lost umbrella, haven’t you?‎ ‎—Yes. I _____ it behind the door this afternoon.‎ A. have found B. will find C. found 答案C ‎【解析】考查动词的时态。根据答语的句意：今天下午找到的。可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故选C。‎ ‎【2011沈阳】‎ ‎10. Listen! The phone ＿＿＿. Please go to answer it.‎ A. rings B. is ringing C. rang D. will ring 答案：B ‎【解析】动词时态的用法。句意：听，电话响了。请接一下。根据句意可以判断应该用现在进行时，故答案为B。‎ ‎【2011贵州毕节】‎ ‎28．I many new friends since I came here．‎ A．make B．made C．will make D．have made 解析：本题考查动词时态。since…是现在完成时的时间状语标志，故答案选D。 ‎ ‎【2011梧州】‎ ‎36. I met a good friend of mine while I on the street.‎ A. walks B. walk C. was walking D. am walking ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】时态考察 “我在街上走的时候，突然碰到了我的一个好朋友。”遇见我的好朋友时，我正在街上走着，故应用过去进行时。‎ ‎【‎ ‎2011梧州】‎ ‎45. – I don’t know if Mr. Li ____ to the party this evening.‎ ‎-- I think he will come if he ____ free.‎ A. will come; is B. will come; will be C. comes; is D. comes; will be ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】从句时态的考察 本题考察if引导的从句时态的考察，第一个if引导的是宾语从句，“李老师今晚是不是将参加我们的聚会”应用一般将来时；第二个if引导的是条件状语从句应“主将从现”。‎ ‎【2011贵州贵阳】‎ ‎39. "Where's your brother, Jane?" "He's not in Guiyang these days. He________ Beijing.'‎ A. has gone to B. has been to C. had been to 答案：A ‎ ‎【解析】 根据句意：你哥哥Jane在哪里？这些天他不在贵阳，他去了北京。Has gone to去了；has been to去过。故选A。‎ ‎【2011湖南湘西】‎ ‎25. What’s the best present you have ever ________?‎ A. received B. receives C. receiving 答案：A ‎ ‎【解析】考查时态 构成完成时态用“have/has + 过去分词”，received是过去分词。‎ ‎【2011湖南湘西】‎ ‎30. —What are you doing?‎ ‎—I’m ________ TV.‎ A. watching B. watches C. watched 答案：A ‎ ‎【解析】考查时态 上句用进行时问，再用进行时回答，构成进行时用“be + 现在分词”，所以选择答案A.‎ ‎【2011沈阳】‎ ‎8. The computer is broken. ＿＿＿ it＿＿＿ today?‎ A. Will; repair B. Has; repaired ‎ C. Will; be repaired D. Has; been repaired 答案：C ‎【解析】动词时态的用法。根据句意：电脑坏了，它今天将会被修理吗？由句意可知应该用将来时态，故答案为C。‎ ‎【2011雅安】‎ ‎14. She _______ this book for nearly three weeks.‎ A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 答案：D ‎ ‎【解析】考查延续性动词的用法。时间状语为：for nearly three weeks，用延续性动词。borrow，lend, buy均为非延续性动词，不能与一段时间连用。故选D。‎ ‎【2011襄阳】‎ ‎35. ---- Why won’t you go to the movie with me, Gina?‎ ‎---- Because I it twice.‎ A. see B. have seen C. saw D. will see ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】时态考察 看过电影两次在过去，对现在的影响是不去看电影。用现在完成时。‎ ‎【2011广东】‎ ‎31. —Alan, it’s late. Why not go to bed?‎ ‎— Jenny hasn’t come back yet. I _______ for her.‎ A. waited B. have waited ‎ C. am waiting D. was waiting ‎ 答案： C ‎【解析】本题考查时态运用。由句意“艾伦，很晚了，为什么还不睡？”“詹妮还没有回来。 我_____她”由语境分析，艾伦现在是正在等詹妮回来。应用现在进行时态。故选C。‎ ‎【2011四川德阳】‎ ‎9. – It _____ hard outside. You have to stay at home.‎ A. rain B. is raining C. rained 答案： B ‎【解析】本题考查现在进行时态的用法。句意为“天正下着大雨，你必须呆在家里”。可知此句的时态为现在进行时。故选B。‎ ‎【2011四川德阳】‎ ‎17. – Do you know who cleaned the blackboard, Tina?‎ ‎-- Yes. John _____.‎ A. do B. does C. did 答案： C ‎【解析】本题考查时态的运用。擦黑板是已经过去发生的动作。在回答时，也应用过去时态，应排除A、B，故选C。‎ ‎【2011四川德阳】‎ ‎22. If you _____ your homework, you can go out to play football.‎ A. finish B. will finish C. are finishing 答案： A ‎【解析】本题考查时态的运用。当if作为连词引导条件状语从句时，安表示“假如；如果”等，在复合句中如果主句用将来时，则if引导的状语从句用一般现在时。根据句意，排除B、C，故选A。‎ ‎【2011湖南永州】‎ ‎25. -Where's your father, Tom? -He__ to Changsha.‎ A. goes B. went C. has gone 答案：C ‎【解析】 本句应该用现在完成时，表示去了，不在说话人的地方，故选C。‎ ‎【2011湖南长沙】‎ ‎23. When I came back yesterday evening, my brother ________ his homework. ‎ A is doing B. has done C. was doing ‎ 答案：C ‎【解析】时态的用法。句意：当我昨天晚上到的时候，我的哥哥/弟弟正在做家庭作业。根据句意，应该用过去进行时，故答案为C。‎ ‎**********************************************************‎ 配套练习题及参考答案 ‎（一）单项选择 A组题 ‎1. We know that English ______ all over the world.A. is spoken B. is speaking C. speaks D. has spoken ‎2. Computer ____ in everyday life in this country before long.‎ A. is used B. will use C. will be used D. was used ‎3. It’s true that his bad teeth ____ out by himself.‎ A. has been pulled B. have been pulled C. has pulled D. pulled ‎4. I’ve told the old man his money _____ by the policemen.‎ A. has been found B. have been found C. have found out D. has found ‎5. What ______just now?　‎ A. was happened B. were happened　C. happened D. happens ‎6. The children ______ not to play with the fire .‎ A. are told B. tell C. are asking D. warn ‎7. ---____ the Internet _____ in your school?‎ ‎---Yes , but the computer in our office often refuses to work.‎ A. Is, used B. Is, using C. Does, use D. Has, used ‎8. ---Something is wrong with the car.‎ ‎---Don’t worry. I’ll have it _______ soon.‎ A. fixed B. mending C .to repair D. to fix ‎9. ---- Football by the British at the beginning of last century.‎ ‎---- That’s probably why football is one of the most popular games in England.‎ A. was invented B. invented C. was inventing D. invents ‎10. The PRC was ______ on October 1st 1949.‎ A. found B. find C. founding D. founded ‎11. I turned back only to find myself ______ by a group of beggars.‎ A. follow B. following C. to follow D. followed ‎12. Now her lost books are usually______ the library.‎ A .returned B .returned to C. paid D. paid to ‎13. Paul doesn’t have to be made ______.He always works hard.‎ A. to learn B. learn C. learning D. learns ‎14. ---My trousers are______ . ‎ ‎---I’ll buy you a new pair.‎ A. wore out　B. worn out　 C. wearing out　 D. sold out ‎15. Don’t you know sweaters can’t _______ that way?‎ A. be washed B. being washed C. being washing D. wash ‎16. The broken cup _____ away by the boy already.‎ A. has been thrown B. is thrown C. is being thrown D. threw ‎17. _________ that Ann is a very clever girl.‎ A. It’s believed B. It’s believe C. It is believing D. It’s believed to ‎18. Everyone except Jim and Bill ____ some sweets .‎ A. gives B. is given C. give D. are given ‎19. I think the sick boy must _____ to the hospital as soon as possible.‎ A. be taken B. been taken C. being taken D. take ‎20. Most of rice in China _____ in the south.‎ A. are grown B. is grown C. grow D. grows ‎21. Students ________ slippers when they are at school.‎ A. don’t allow to wear B. are not allowed to wear C. are not allowed to put on D. are not allowed wearing ‎22. The 2010 Asian Games _______ in Guangzhou.‎ A. is held B. was held C. has held D. will be held ‎23. I will go to the party if I ________.‎ A. invited B. was invited C. have invited D. am invited ‎24. Great changes ______ in Guangzhou in the past ten years.‎ A. have taken place B. have been taken place ‎ C. have happened D. have been happened ‎25. Oh, what a big shop! Do you know when it _____?‎ A. built B. was built C. has built D. has been built ‎***************************************************************‎ 参考答案 A组题 ‎1-5 ACBAC 6-10 AAAAD 11-15 DBABA 16-20 AABAB 21-25 BDDAB ‎*************************************************************结束 B组题 ‎1. This kind of T-shirt is ______.‎ A. easily worn out B. easy worn out C. easy to worn out D. easily to be worn out ‎2. ---- May I go out with you tomorrow?‎ ‎---- If your job ______by then.‎ A. has been finished B. finish　 C. will be finished D. will finish ‎3. ---Go and ask the waiter how much_____.‎ ‎---Don’t worry. It has been _____.‎ A. does the meal cost, paid for　　 B. the meal costs, paid ‎ C. the meal spends, paid　　　　　　　 D. the meal costs, paid for ‎4. ---- ______ the sports meeting might be put off.‎ ‎---- Yes, it all depends on the weather.‎ A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told C. I’m told D. I told ‎5. The old man walked in the street, ______.‎ A. followed by his son B. followed his son ‎ C. and following his son D. and followed by his son ‎6. The room ______ as a meeting room.‎ A. used to being used B. was used to being used C. used to be used D. was used to be used ‎7. Last month Miss Han ______ a doctor.‎ A. married with B. married to C. was married with D. got married to ‎8. The TV needs _________.‎ A. to repair B. repaired C. being repaired D. to be repaired ‎9. His parents died when he was very young, so he was ______ by his uncle.‎ A. brought up B. grown up C. got up D. risen ‎10. The police _______ lots of help by the people in the city.‎ A. has been given B. has given C. have been given D. have given ‎11. Pork ______ out in this shop. We can ______ now.‎ A. has been sold, get nothing B. have been sold, get nothing C. has been sold, get some D. have been sold, get some ‎12. Last night the thief ______ by the police.‎ A. got caught B. is caught C. were caught D. was catch ‎13. It’s known that the paper for books and magazines ______ from wood.‎ A. are made B. is made C. has been made D. is being made ‎14. The “ Thousand-hand Guanyin” ______ by many people as the best performance at CCTV’s Spring Festival Evening.‎ A. has been regarded B. are regarded C. has regarded D.‎ ‎ regards ‎15. In recent years, many child are made _____ what they are not ______.‎ A. to do, interested in B. to do, interested C. do, interested D. do, interested in ‎16. ---- Why are you late?‎ ‎---- My bike broke down. I had it ______.‎ A. repaired B. repairs C. repair D. repairing ‎17. ---- I’d like to borrow a book ____ “ Chicken, run.”‎ ‎---- Let me check it on the computer. Here it is. It_____ Kate has got it.‎ A. called, says B. called, is said C. is called, says D. is called, is said ‎18. Please tell me when Guangzhou _____ the Asian Games?‎ A. will hold B. will be held C. holds D. is going to held ‎19. Usually before exams, students _____ two minutes to write down their names.‎ A. were given B. gave C. give D. are given ‎20. ---- The room is so dirty.‎ ‎---- So it is! The dustbins ______ since we came here.‎ A. haven’t been emptied B. hasn’t been emptied C. haven’t emptied D. hasn’t emptied ‎21. Here are the photos _______ in London. A. who are taken         B. that took C. which I was taken           D.‎ ‎ that were taken ‎22. How long have Mr. and Mrs. White _______? A. married    B. be married     C. got married    D. been married ‎23. The boss made him work 14 hours a day. That means, he _______ work 14 hours a day. A. was made      B. made      C. was making     D. was made to   ‎ ‎24. She was heard ________ an English song in her room last night. ‎ A. sing B. sang C. to sing D. song ‎25. They never asked ________. ‎ A. what would happen to the world B. what will happen to the world ‎ C. what the world would happen D. what was happened to the world ‎**********************************************************‎ 参考答案 B组题 ‎1-5 AADAA 6-10 CDDAC 11-15 AABAA 16-20 AAADA 21-25 DDDCA ‎**************************************************************结束 ‎（二）句型转换 ‎1. Two years ago we used that machine to make shoes for children.(中考)‎ Two years ago that machine ________________________ shoes for children.‎ ‎2. You must throw the broken pottery away at once.（中考）‎ The broken pottery _____________________________ at once.‎ ‎3. You must hand in your history homework by the weekend.（中考）‎ Your history homework _________________________ by the weekend.‎ ‎4. We should water the young trees every two days.（中考）‎ The young trees _______________________________ every two days.‎ ‎5. Our teacher doesn’t let us go out of our school at lunch time.‎ We _______________________ go out of our school at lunch time.‎ ‎6. How long have you kept the book?‎ How long __________________________________________?‎ ‎7. She gave me a present.‎ I __________________________________________________.‎ A present ___________________________________________.‎ ‎8. They made their mother a birthday cake.‎ Their mother ________________________________________.‎ A birthday cake ______________________________________.‎ ‎9. Must I do all the exercises?‎ ‎_______________________________________________?‎ ‎10. John’s mother let him help the old man mend the bike.（模拟题）‎ John the old man mend the bike .‎ ‎*******************************************************参考答案 句型转换 ‎1. was used to make ‎2. must be thrown away ‎3. must be handed in ‎4. should be watered by us ‎5. aren’t let to ‎ ‎6. has the book been kept by you ‎7. was given a present by her; was given to me by her ‎8. was made a birthday cake by them; was made for their mother by then ‎9. Must all the exercises be done by me ‎10. was let to help, by his mother ‎*****************************************************************结束 第十二章 非谓语动词 ‎ 限定动词与非限定动词（Finite and Non-finite Verbs）‎ 1. 限定动词 限定动词在句子当中作谓语，受主语的人称和数的限制 ‎ e.g. He can speak both English and French.‎ 2. 非限定动词 非限定动词在句中不可单独用作谓语，不受主语的人称和数的限制；它在句中可以用作其他句子成分。非限定动词有三种，即不定式、动名词和分词 1) 不定式 一般由“to+动词原形”构成，在句中可担任各种成分 ‎ e.g. I hope to see you soon.‎ 2) 动名词 有些动词的ing形式可起名词的作用，在句中也可但人很多成分 ‎ e.g. Seeing is believing.‎ 3) 分词 分词有两种，现在分词和过去分词，这两种分词可构成谓语外，还可用作句子的很多成分 ‎ e.g. She seemed surprised.‎ 3. 动词不定式 动词不定式是一种非限定动词，分为带to的不定式（to+动词原形）和不带to的不定式。动词不定式不能单独用作谓语动词，不受主语的人称和数的限制，但保留动词的性质，可以有自己的宾语和状语，并且有进行时、完成时，被动语态的变化；同时又具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。‎ 1) 动词不定式的完成式、进行式和被动语态 动词不定式有一般式、完成式、进行式、主动语态、被动语态。下面以动词do为例，列表如下：‎ 时态 语态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing ① 动词不定式的一般式 表示动词不定式的动作与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或之后发生。 ‎ ② e.g. You must help me to do the cooking this afternoon.‎ ‎(help和do两个动作同时发生) ‎ I hope to see you again.(to see这个动作发生在hope之后)‎ ③ 动词不定式的完成式 强调不定式所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 ‎ e.g. I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.(谓语动词之前发生)‎ ④ 动词不定式的进行式 强调在谓语动词所表示的动作发生时，不定式所表示的动作正在进行。 ‎ e.g. I was pleased to be talking with them.‎ ① 动词不定式的被动语态 表示不定式的动作与它逻辑主语或中心词是被动关系（动宾关系）。 ‎ e.g. She was the first one to be asked to speak.‎ ② 动词不定式的否定 在不定式to前加not构成 ‎ e.g. Try not to be late.‎ 1) 动词不定式的作用 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可以在句中作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定于和状语。‎ ① 作主语 e.g. To say something is one thing, to do is another thing.‎ 在更多情况下都用it作形式主语，而把不定式这个真正主语放到句子后面，这样可使主语不至显得太长，避免头重脚轻的现象。常见的这类句子有下面几种：‎ A． It+be+形容词+不定式 e.g. It’s hard to say which is better.‎ B． It+名词+不定式 ‎ e.g. It’s my wish to do something for the public.‎ C． It+动词+宾语+不定式 ‎ e.g. It cost a lot of money to build this museum.‎ ② 作表语（说明主语的具体内容） ‎ e.g. Her job is to look after the sick.‎ ③ 作宾语 及物动词可跟不定式作宾语，这些动词有want, wish ‎, like, decide, help, try, begin, forget, learn, ask, agree, hope等 ‎ e.g. She likes to play with the child.‎ ① 作宾语补足语 A. 英语中许多动词可跟一个“名词（代词）+不定式”构成的复合宾语，这里的动词不定式就作宾语补足语。常见的这类动词有：allow, ask, encourage, invite, order, teach, tell, want, advise等。 ‎ e.g. I want you to be happy.‎ B. 英语中有些动词要求不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，这些动词有：make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, notice等。help后不定式的to可以省略，也可以保留。 ‎ e.g. She won’t let me do it.‎ ② 作定语 A. 该成分通常放在其修饰的名词或代词之后。它与其他修饰的名词或代词在逻辑上可能是主谓关系。 ‎ e.g. We have a lot of things to do today.‎ B. 有时在不定式后需要跟一个介词 ‎ e.g. I need a pen to write with.‎ C. 在不少名词后可用不定式作定语 ‎ e.g. It’s time to go to bed.‎ D. 不定式有时需要用被动形式 ‎ e.g. There are a lot of things to be done.‎ ① 作状语 A. 表目的 e.g. He went to Paris to learn French.‎ ‎【注】⒈ 在强调这种目的状语时，不定式前可加in order或so as ‎ e.g. The American spoke slowly and clearly in order to/so as to make us understand what he was saying.‎ ‎⒉ 动词不定式也可放在句首,使其所表示的目的更加明显突出 ‎ e.g. To get there before dark, they set out early.‎ B. 表结果 e.g. He left, never to return.‎ ‎【注】 ⒈ too…to… 太…以致不能… ‎ e.g. It was too cold to go out last night.‎ ‎⒉ … enough+不定式 ‎ e.g. Would you be good enough to close the door?‎ ‎⒊ be+形容词+不定式 e.g. Some of the apples are hard to reach.‎ ‎⒋ so…as to… 如此…以致 ‎ e.g. He was so careless as to leave his car ublocked.‎ C. 表原因 e.g. We jumped with joy to hear it.‎ 1) 疑问词+动词不定式 疑问代词who，what，which和疑问副词when，where，how等词后可加动词不定式，构成一种特殊的动词不定式短语，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。‎ ① 作主语 e.g. What to du is an important problem.‎ ① 作宾语 e.g. None of the artists knew what to do.‎ ② 作表语 e.g. The question is where to go.‎ 1) 动词不定式复合结构 For+名词（或代词宾格）+动词不定式 在这个结构中for本身无意，名词（或代词宾格）形式上是for的宾格，但在意义上可以说是动词不定式的主语，这种不定式复合结构在句子里可以作下列成分：‎ ① 作主语 e.g. For us to learn a foreign language is very important.‎ ② 作表语 e.g. It’s for you to decide what we should do next.‎ ③ 作宾语 ‎ e.g. Modern medicine has made it possible for people to live longer.‎ ④ 作定语 e.g. It’s time for us to go.‎ ⑤ 作状语 e.g. He opened the door for the children to come in.‎ 1. 动名词 1) 动名词的结构 由“动词原形+ing”构成，与现在分词的形式相同 2) 动名词的作用 具有名词的特征，也有动词的特征，它可以有宾语，也可用状语来修饰，可在句子中担任以下成分：‎ ① 作主语 e.g. Smoking is harmful to health.‎ ‎【注】 ⒈动名词作主语，常采用形式主语it ‎ e.g. Swimming in the river is dangerous.=It’s dangerous swimming in the river.‎ ‎⒉在“There is no…”和“It’s no…”这两个结构中，可以用动名词作主语，表示“设法…”,“…没用”等 e.g. It’s no use crying.‎ ① 作表语 e.g. Her hobby is collecting stamps.‎ ② 作宾语 e.g. I finished reading the book last night.‎ ③ 作定语 e.g. This is a sleeping bag.‎ ‎【注】有些动名词和它所修饰的名词常在一起使用，构成那个合成词 ‎ e.g. reading room, swimming pool 1) 动名词和动词不定式的用法和比较 ① 动名词表示习惯性或抽象性的一般动作，而动词不定式则表示一个具体的动作。 ‎ e.g. I like swimming.(习惯或爱好) ‎ I don’t want do swim today.(一次具体动作)‎ ② 有些动词后接不定式作宾语，如：afford，agree，choose，decide，hope，offer，plan，refuse，want，wish，mean，learn等 ③ 有些动词后接动名词作宾语，如：consider，enjoy，finish，imagine，mind，keep，miss，practise，suggest等；短语动词有give up，keep on，put off，can’t help（忍不住，不禁）‎ ④ 有些动词，如begin，start，continue，love等后即可加动名词也可加动词不定式作宾语，但两者意思往往没有有区别。‎ ① 在forget和remember后，用动名词表示一个已发生过的动作，用动词不定式表示一个将要发生的动作。‎ ② 在stop后可接动名词，也可接动词不定式，但两者的意义和句子功用不同。在stop doing sth.中，stop是及物动词，表示停止正在做的事情；在stop to do sth.中，stop是不及物动词，表示停止什么，然后再去做另一件事情。‎ ③ 短语动词go on后可接动名词，也可接动词不定式，但两者的意义和句子功用不同。具体意义和用法和stop相似。‎ 1. 分词 1) 分词的构成 分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词。现在分词由“动词原形+ing”构成，过去分词由“动词原形+ed”构成。两者在句中担任的成分大致相同，主要在意思上有主动和被动之分。现在分词一般为主动意义，过去分词一般为被动意义。在时间上，现在分词一般表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词表示已经完成了的动作，分词没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。‎ 2) 分词的作用 分词在句中主要起形容词和副词的作用，作表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语 ① 作表语 e.g. This story is very interesting.‎ ① 作定语 A.单个分词作定语时常放在被修饰词的前面 ‎ e.g. I’ve had a tiring day.‎ B.分词短语作定语时要放在被修饰词的后面，相当于定语从句 ‎ e.g. Who is the woman talking(=who is talking) to Jim?‎ ② 作宾语补足语 分词常用在see，hear，notice，watch，find，feel，get，keep等动词的宾语之后做宾语补足语 ‎ e.g. Don’t you see a girl running towards us?‎ ‎【注】现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别 现在分词作宾语补足语强调动作的连续性，表明正在进行中；动词不定式作宾语补足语只是说明有过这个动作。‎ ③ 作状语 ‎ A.分词作状语时可以表示时间（相当于一个时间状语从句）、原因（相当于一个原因状语从句）或表示动作发生的方式及作为陪衬的另一动作。 e.g. Being sick, I stayed at home.‎ B.分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。 ‎ e.g. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.‎ ‎*********************‎ ‎【中考真题欣赏】‎ ‎【2011·福州中考】‎ ‎39.— Don’t forget _____ your history and politics books to morrow morning. ‎ ‎— Thanks. I won’t.‎ A. bring B. to bring C. bringing 答案：B ‎ ‎【解析】考查forget to…与forget doing sth.的用法。forget to… “忘记要做某事（事情未做）”; forget doing sth. “忘记曾经做过某事（事情已做）”。句意：—不要忘记带来你的历史和政治书。—多谢。我不会的。故选B。‎ ‎【解析】考查动词的用法。forget to do sth. “忘记要做某事（事情未做）”; forget doing sth. “忘记曾经做过某事（事情已做）”。句意：—不要忘记带来你的历史和政治书。—多谢。我不会的。故选B。‎ ‎【2011·福州中考】‎ ‎42、— We all like Miss Wang. ‎ ‎— I agree with you. She always makes her English classes ______.‎ A. interested B. interest C. interesting 答案：C ‎ ‎【解析】考查make + sb. + adj.的用法。句意：— 我们都喜欢王老师。— 我同意你的意见。她总是使她的英语课堂有趣。Interested修饰人而interesting则修饰物。故选C。‎ ‎【2011浙江杭州】‎ ‎24. Nick, would you mind ______ those old jeans? They look terrible.‎ A. not to wear B. not wear ‎ C. wearing not D. not wearing 答案：D ‎【解析】mind的用法。mind后面跟动词－ing，否定形式为mind not doing。故选D。‎ ‎【2011山东潍坊】‎ ‎29. The new treatments ______by Norman Bethune helped a number of soldiers.‎ A. invent B. invents C, inventing D. invented 答案：D ‎【解析】考查分词用法。句意为“由白求恩发明的新的治疗方法帮助了很多的士兵。”invented为过去分词作后置定语。故选D。‎ ‎【2011邵阳】‎ ‎28. I spent a lot of time ______ English last weekend.‎ A. to practice speaking B. practicing to speak C. practicing speaking 答案：C ‎ ‎【解析】考查spend的用法。spend +‎ ‎ doing形式；practice+动词的ing形式。故选C。‎ ‎【2011广安市】‎ ‎31.－ What do you usually do at weekends?‎ ‎－I often practice ____English. A. speak B. to speak C. speaking ‎ 答案：C ‎【解析】动词用法。practice doing sth。练习干某事。‎ ‎【2011•兰州】‎ ‎23. One of the difficulties we have English is how to remember new words and expressions.‎ A. to learn B. in learning C. learn D. learned 答案：B ‎【解析】固定用法。have difficulty ( in ) doing sth.做某事有困难，句意“我们学习英语的一个困难是怎样记住新的单词和表达”，因此选B。‎ ‎【2011•兰州】‎ ‎27. We can't work out the physics problem. Can you tell us ?‎ A. how to do B. what to do it C. how to do it D. what should to do 答案：C ‎【解析】疑问词后接动词不定式。句意“我们不能算出这个物理难题，你能告诉我们怎样算出来”，what可作为do的宾语，how不可作为do的宾语，因此后需加代词it，因此选C。‎ ‎【2011山东临沂】‎ ‎27. If prices rise too high, the government has to do something _________ it. ‎ A. stop B. stopped C. stopping D. to stop ‎ 答案：D ‎ ‎【解析】动词不定式的用法。由句意“如果物价涨的太高，政府就不得不采取措施来阻止。”动词不定式在句中作目的状语，说明“采取措施”的目的是“来阻止物价上涨”。故选D。‎ ‎【2011山东泰安】‎ ‎33. —I feel tired and sleepy. ‎ ‎—Why not stop ______ for a while? ‎ A. rest B. to rest C. resting D. rested 答案：B ‎【解析】动词的用法。stop to do表示停下来干另一件事；stop doing表示停下正在进行的动作。根据句意，你为什么不停下（工作）来休息一会呢？‎ ‎【2011山东威海】‎ ‎34.What time do you expect her________?‎ A. arrive B. is arriving C. arriving D. to arrive ‎ 答案： D ‎【解析】考查动词的用法。expect sb to do sth意为“期望/期待某人做某事”，符合题意。‎ ‎【2011山东威海】‎ ‎37.This math problem is too difficult. Can you show me________, George?‎ A. what to work out B. to work it out ‎ C. how to work it out D. how to work out it 答案：C ‎ ‎【解析】考查“疑问词+不定式结构”和动词短语。work out是动词+副词短语，故代词作宾语时，要放在动词和副词之间，这里是疑问词加不定式在句中作宾语，根据题意是指“如何解答出来”，故选C。‎ ‎【2011四川内江】‎ ‎37. Teachers often tell us _____ in the river after school.‎ A. don't swim B. not swim C. not to swim 答案：C ‎ ‎【解析】固定词组。tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事。故选C。‎ ‎【2011山西】‎ ‎23. Drivers shouldn’t be allowed _____ after drinking, or they will break the law. ‎ A. drive B. driving C. to drive ‎ 答案：C ‎ ‎【解析】非谓语动词的用法。Be allowed to do sth为固定搭配意为“被允许做某事”。因此选C。‎ ‎【2011贵州贵阳】‎ ‎43. Many students said that they were willing to work hard to make their dreams _______ true.‎ A. come B. came C. comes 答案：A ‎ ‎【解析】 这里考查的是make的用法，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事。故选A。‎ ‎(2011湖南岳阳中考)‎ ‎22.Would you mind________me how ________English words?‎ A. tell; to remember B. telling; remember C. telling; to ‎ remember 解析：本题考查mind dong sth.“介意做某事”和“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，故答案选C。意为：请你告诉我怎样记单词，好吗?‎ ‎【2011雅安】‎ ‎13. Please tell the students ________ too much noise in class.‎ A. to make B. to take C. not to take D. not to make 答案：C ‎ ‎【解析】考查不定式的用法。其句式结构肯定形式为：tell sb. to do sth.;否定形式为： tell sb not to do sth.句意为“请告诉学生们在课上不要发出太多噪声”。可知为否定结构，故选C。‎ ‎( 2011大庆) ‎ ‎9. The thief was noticed _____the office building by the back door on the screen.‎ A. enter B. enter into C. to enter D. to enter into 答案：C ‎【2011本溪】‎ ‎11. The mountain ______ with snow all year round, so it’s hard to climb it.‎ A. covered B. was covered C. is covered D. covers 答案：C ‎【2011•宁夏】‎ ‎( )34. Look! We can't cross the bridge. It _____by some workers.‎ A. repairs B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. is repairing 答案：C ‎【2011凉山】‎ ‎( )30.—I think teenagers should ___ to get their ears pierced.‎ ‎—I agree with you.‎ A. are allowed B. not be allowed C. not allowed 答案：B 解析：考查被动语态。情态动词should的被动结构为should (not) be done结构，故选B项。‎ ‎【2011广西崇左】‎ ‎39、Mom!Would you mind me _____table tennis ?‎ A.play B.played C.to play D.playing ‎【解析】D考查点：考察句型。解题思路：would mind …?表示“……介意……吗？”其后跟动词的ing形式。故选D。‎ ‎【2011广西贵港】‎ ‎37. We went to the beach last Sunday, and we had great fun _____ volleyball.‎ A. play B. playing C. played D. to play 答案：B【解析】考查点：have fun。解题思路：have fun “过的高兴”其后跟动词ing形式。故选B。‎ ‎【2011广西贺州】‎ ‎43. Parents often ask us _____ water in our life.‎ A. save B. savin C. to save D. saves 答案：C ‎【解析】考查点：考察动词ask的用法。解题思路：ask sb to do sth表示“让某人去干某事”故选C。‎ ‎【2011郴州】‎ ‎28. The old men are playing chess. Would you mind ________________.‎ A. turning down B. turn down C. turns down 答案：A ‎ ‎【解析】考查动词mind的用法。mind后接动词现在分词形式。‎ ‎【2011郴州】‎ ‎29. —What could I get my father for Father's Day?‎ ‎—___________getting him a tie?‎ A. Why not B. How about C. Why don't you 答案：B ‎ ‎【解析】考查句式Why not…?和How about…?的用法。根据题干中的getting形式，应用B，A与C结构后接动词原形；‎ ‎【2011河源】‎ ‎41.Remember ________ the book to the library when you finish _______ it.‎ A.to return;to read B.returning;reading C.to return;reading C.returning;to read 答案： C ‎********************************************************2011结束 ‎【2012贵州贵阳】‎ ‎44. It took Janet three hours _______ reading this interesting story.‎ A. to finish B. finished C. finishing ‎【答案】A 考查非谓语动词的用法。It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 这是个固定句型，花费某人多少时间或金钱做某事。根据句意：读完这个有趣的故事花费了珍妮特三个小时的时间。故选A.‎ ‎【2012广东】‎ ‎44. It took me two weeks reading the novels written by Guo Jingming.‎ A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. Finishing ‎【答案】B ‎【2012贵州安顺】‎ ‎26.When I went into the room，I found _____ in bed． ‎ A．him lying B．he lying C．he lies D．him was lying ‎【答案】A ‎【2012湖北咸宁】‎ ‎32. Drivers shouldn't be allowed _______ after drinking, or they will break the law.‎ A. drive B. driving C. to drive D. to be driven ‎【答案】C ‎【2012江苏宿迁】‎ ‎14. —Which do you prefer, Chinese food or Western food? ‎ ‎— I would rather________Chinese food. Let’s have noodles.‎ A. to have B. having C. had D. have ‎【答案】D ‎【2012 内蒙古包头】31. energy, turn off the hot water after you take a shower.‎ A. Save B. Saving C. Saved D. To save ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【2012 内蒙古包头】‎ ‎37._______a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.‎ A. To find B. Find C. To write D. Write ‎【答案】A ‎【2012 内蒙古包头】‎ ‎39.______your name on the paper and you can get a magazine.‎ A. Cut down B. Look down C. Turn down D. Put down ‎【答案】D ‎【2011河南】‎ ‎( ) 34. ______ out your love. The world will become a nicer place to live in.‎ A. Speak B. To speak C. Spoke D. Speaking ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【2012.山东菏泽】‎ ‎14. Welcome to our school, ladies and gentlemen. ______, I’d like to introduce myself. ‎ A. To be honest B. To my surprise ‎ C. To start with D. To tell you the truth ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【2012山东聊城】‎ ‎31. ________ English well, one must have a lot of practice.‎ A. Speaks B. To speak C. Spoken D. Speak ‎【答案】B ‎【2012山东泰安】‎ ‎35. —I’m leaving now. ‎ ‎—______you turn off the lights and the computer.‎ A. To make sure B. Make sure C. Made sure D. Making sure ‎【答案】B ‎【2012绵阳市】‎ ‎16. ________ this rock music, please. I’m afraid some people can’t stand the noise! ‎ A. Stopping B. Stop C. Stops D. Stopped ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎【2012年广东省】‎ ‎44. It took me two weeks ____ reading the novels written by Guo Jingming. . ‎ A. finish B. to finish C. finishes D. finishing ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【2012贵州黔东南州】‎ ‎30. We believe we can _________ a way to solve the problem of pollution in the future.‎ A. catch up with B. come up with ‎ C． put off D. set off ‎【答案】C ‎*************************************************************2012结束 ‎【配套练习题及参考答案】‎ 一、单项选择。‎ ‎1. Thank you for________us so well .‎ A. to teach B. teaches C. taught D. teaching ‎2.   I often do some ________on Sundays.‎ A. washed B. to wash C. washing D. washes ‎3.   The boy Jack in Class One is my brother.‎ A. call B. to be called C. calling D. called ‎4.  It often takes me half an hour home.‎ A. Walking B. to walk ‎ C. walked D. walks ‎5. Don’t forget her clean water every day .‎ A. to give B. giving ‎ C. given D. give ‎6. I think it is important English well .‎ A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. learned ‎ ‎7.   The funny story made us all hard .‎ A. laugh B. to laugh ‎ C. laughing D. laughed ‎8.   Our teacher told us hard at our lessons .‎ A. to work B. work C. working D. worked ‎9. Could you tell me______this newspaper ?‎ A. to read how B. how to read C. what to read D. what read ‎10. I don’t know________next .‎ A. what to do B. what to do it ‎ C. how to do D. to how do it ‎11.   My hair is too long , so I must have it________this afternoon.‎ A .cut B. cuts C. cutting D. cutted ‎ ‎12. Remember ______ late for class again .‎ A. not to B. be not to ‎ C. not to be D. not to coming ‎13.  Mr Smith asked the man_____the queue .‎ A. not jump B. didn’t jump C. not to jump D. to not jump ‎ ‎14. Why not ___________ with us ? You see , it’s very____________ .‎ A. go ; interested B. go; interesting C. to go ; interested D. going ; interesting ‎15.– What about ____________to the cinema tonight ?‎ ‎--That’s a good idea. I’d like ____________ with you .‎ A. going ; going B. to go ; to go ‎ C. going ; to go D. go ; going ‎16 .Everyone here is busy ____________ read for the coming entrance tests .‎ A. get B. to get C. getting D. gets ‎17.We’ve worked for two hours . Let’s a rest .‎ A. stop to have B. stop having ‎ C. to stop to have D .stopping having ‎ ‎18. Would you mind me a favour（恩惠）？‎ A. do B. to go C. doing D. did ‎ ‎19.  Mr Wang asked me him .‎ A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping ‎20. Please tell Jim not late again .‎ A. to B. be C. to be D. be to ‎ ‎21. Miss Yang asked the boy , the baby was sleeping in the room .‎ A. to stop to sing B. to stop singing C. stop singing D. stop to sing ‎22. The boy wants his father a question about the moon . ‎ A. asking B. to ask ‎ C. ask D. asked ‎23. Please don’t forget to me , will you ?‎ A. to write B. writing ‎ C. write ‎24.   Mother decided ____Tom away from school .‎ A. to keep not B. keep not ‎ C. not to keep D. not keep ‎ ‎25. It’s about six o’clock, Let’s ____ supper now .‎ A. stop having B. to stop having ‎ C. stop to have D. to stop to have ‎26. We’d better____on the road . A car may hit us .‎ A. not to play B. not play ‎ C. to not play D. don’t play ‎27.   Liu Mei helped the Turners ___ their tickets on the train .‎ A. pick B. look up C. pick up D. look like ‎ ‎28.   I often see them _____ with some foreigners .‎ A. talk B. to talk ‎ C. talking D. talked ‎ ‎29.  I often see them _____ with some foreigners .‎ A. talk B. to talk C. talking D. talked ‎ ‎30.   He says life won’t be worth_____without love .‎ A. live B.lived ‎ C. living D. to live ‎ ‎31. This morning I saw a man on the street on my way .‎ A. lives ; there B. lived ; to school ‎ C. lying ; to school D. to lie ; home .‎ ‎32. He has given up tennis since he was ill .‎ A. play B. to play C. playing D. plays ‎ ‎33. ----Will you come to the net bar with me ? ‎ ‎---- Sorry , My mother always tells me________there .‎ A. not go B. not to go ‎ C. go D. to go ‎ ‎34. Do you still remember________me somewhere Beijing ?‎ ‎-- Yes ,of course . Two years ago .‎ A. to see B. see ‎ C. seeing D. saw ‎ ‎35. Parents must warn their children _______ .‎ A. to play with fire B. not to play with fire ‎ C. of playing fire D. playing fire ‎***************************************************‎ 参考答案 一、单项选择。‎ DCDBA CAABA ACCBC CACCC BBACC BCAAC CCBCB ‎*******************************************‎ 二.用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. I didn’t spend al the money _________(buy) the books.‎ ‎2. Do you have anything ________(say) at the meeting ‎3. Yesterday I saw a wallet ________(lie) on the ground .‎ ‎4. The man ran out ________(see) what was wrong ‎5. She was often heard _________(sing) in English.‎ ‎6. Stop ________(read), please. I’ve something to tell you .‎ ‎7. The boy _______(call) Li Hua in the room is his brother.‎ ‎**********************************‎ 参考答案 二.用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1.buying 2.to say 3.lying 4. to see ‎5.to sing 6. reading 7. Called ‎******************************************************************‎ ‎（不定式）专题训练题【答案】‎ 一、动词综合 ‎( ) 1. -- How long may I ______ your book?‎ ‎--For a week. But you musn’t ______ it to others.‎ A. borrow; lend B. keep; lend C. lend; borrow D. keep; borrow ‎( ) 2. –Do you like the music “the Moonlight Sonata”? ‎ ‎--Yes, it ______ really beautiful.‎ A. feels B. sounds C. listens D. hears ‎( ) 3. If you don’t know a word, you must _______ the word in a dictionary.‎ A. look up B. look down C. look over D. look out ‎( ) 4. I must return the camera to Li Lei. I _______ it for two weeks.‎ A. keep B. borrowed C. have kept D. have lent ‎( ) 5. –Do you like watching cooking programs on TV?‎ ‎--No, I don’t, but my twin brother _______. He’s very fond of cooking.‎ A. does B. do C. is ‎ ‎ D. are ‎( ) 6. –These farmers have been to the United States. ‎ ‎–Really? When ______ there?‎ A. will they go B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone ‎( ) 7. –When _______ you _______ your homework?‎ ‎--I had finished it before he _______ back.‎ A. have; finished; came B. have; finished; was coming C. did; finish; came D. did; finish; was coming ‎( ) 8. I often see Tom _______ homework while I am watching TV every evening.‎ A. do B. doing C. did D. to do ‎( ) 9. –Be careful! You might fall into the water.‎ ‎--Thank you. I ______ I _______ so close to the pool.‎ A. didn’t know; am standing B. don’t know; am standing C. didn’t know; was standing D. didn’t know; would stand ‎( )10.—Have you got the airplane tickets?‎ ‎--No. when I _______ to the office, all the tickets to Beijing ______ out.‎ A. get; have been sold B. got; had been sold C. got; had sold D. got; were being sold二、不定式 ‎( ) 1. “Don’t always make Michael ______ this or that. He is already a big boy, dear.” Mr Bush said to his wife.‎ A. do B. to do C. does D. did ‎( ) 2. We are told ______ everywhere. It’s our duty to keep our school clean and tidy.‎ A. not to make much noise B. to throw waste paper C. to draw D. not to spit ‎( ) 3. Look! How heavy the rain is! You’d better ______.‎ A. don’t go now B. stay here when it stops C. not leave until it stops D. not to leave at once ‎( ) 4. –The light in the office is still on. ‎ ‎– Oh, I forgot ______.‎ A. turning it off B. turn off ‎ C. to turn it off D. having turned it off ‎( ) 5. Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.‎ A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking ‎( ) 6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____.‎ A. not to B. not to do C. not to it D. do not to ‎( ) 7. –How do you like my new motorcar?‎ ‎--It’s very nice, but would you please ______ park it here?‎ A. not B. not to C. to not D. don’t 三、句子 ‎( ) 1. –Do you know _______? ‎ ‎--Next year.‎ A. when he came here B. when did he come here C. when he will come here D. when will he come here ‎( ) 2 Jim’s father said to him, “I hope you _______ what I _______ you to buy.”‎ A. didn’t forget; told B. not to forget; have told C. won’t forget; have told D. haven’t forgotten; will tell ‎( ) 3. –Are you sure that you’ve met him before? ‎ ‎-- ______ I’m mistaken.‎ A. If B. Since C. Unless D. More than ‎( ) 4. –Would you like to come to dinner tonight? ‎ ‎--I’d like to, ______ I’m too busy.‎ A. and B. so C. as D. but ‎( ) 5 – Do you remember _______ he came? ‎ ‎-- Yes, I do. He came by car.‎ A. how B. when C. that D. if 参考答案 一、动词综合 1.B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A ‎ ‎6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 二、不定式 1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．A 三、句子 1．C 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．A