2020中考英语完形填空技巧讲解+完形填空做题技巧+完型填空集训课件 76页

Period Six 完形填空 《 大纲 》 要求学生能独立阅读生词不超过 3% 的题材熟悉的文章，理解语篇大意，获取有关信 息。重点考查学生对词汇、语法等语言知识的运 用能力，同时也考查阅读理解英语短文，进行逻 辑推理、综合判断、分析归纳的能力。 一、中考中常见的题型 1. 四选一 2. 首字母填空 3. 任意词填空 二、解题方法与技巧 1. 通览全篇，把握主旨。 做题前，应先快速地浏览全文，了解其大意。 切忘在未把握文章大意之前就忙于见空就填。见 空就填会打断阅读的思路，影响对全文大意的了 解，势必无法从整体上把握文章的脉络，既影响 准确率，又影响做题速度。 2. 前后联系，仔细辨析 考生应联系句子上下文进行推理和判断，从 而正确理解每个句子的句意及相互间的联系。 试填时应注意句子结构、固定短语及词语 搭配，所填的词或短语应前后照应，是否符合语 法。 虑时态、语态、非谓语动词形式；形容词 ( 副词 ) 应考虑比较等级；复合句中从属连词的选 用，主从句时态一致关系。 3. 复读全文，验证答案 答案选好之后，应将全文再浏览一遍。细心 核查所选答案是否能使短文前后连贯，上下照应， 语句通顺，是否使文章意思完整。 三、例题解析 A Life is not easy, so I’d like to say “When anything happens, believe in yourself.” When I was 14, I was 1 nervous to talk to anyone. My classmates often 2 me. I was sad but could do nothing. Later, 3 happened. It changed my life. It was an English speech ( 演讲 ) contest. My mother asked me to take part in it. What a(n) 4 idea! It meant I had to 5 in front of all the teachers and students of my school! “Come on, boy. Believe in yourself. You are sure to 6 .” Then, Mother and I talked about many different topics ( 题目 ). At last I 7 the topic “Believe in yourself”. I tried my best to 8 all the speech and practiced it over 100 times. 9 my mother’s great love, I did well in the contest. I could 10 believe my ears when the news came that I had won the first place. I heard the 11 from the teachers and students. Those 12 who once looked down on ( 瞧不起 ) me, now all said “Congratulations!” to me. My mother hugged me and cried 13 . 14 then, everything has changed for me. When I do anything, I try to tell myself to be sure and I will find myself. This is true not only for a person but also for a country. 1. A. so B. too C. very D. quite 2. A. made faces at B. looked after C. caught up with D. laughed at 3. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything 4. A. interesting B. exciting C. terrible D. wonderful √ √ √ √ 5. A. write B. speak B. tell D. say 6. A. win B. lose C. beat D. pass 7. A. reached B. brought C. chose D. thought 8. A. remember B. see C. spell D. hear 9. A. At B. To C. With D. As 10. A. almost B. nearly C. ever D. hardly 11. A. cheers B. noises C. thanks D. wishes 12. A. teachers B. classmates C. boys D. girls 13. A. angrily B. sadly C. quietly D. excitedly 14. A. Since B. Except C. From D. Before √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ [ 解析 ] 本文为记叙文。讲述自身的经历和感受， 考点涉及动词、名词、介词、连词以及对文章的 整体感知和把握的能力。 1. 本句为 too…to 句式。 2. 因为羞于发音因此同学们嘲笑。 3. 表肯定，发生了一件事，因而有了变化。 4. 因为自己不爱说话，会认为参加演讲是不太好 的主意。 5. 演讲用 speak 。 6. be sure to do sth 此处是妈妈鼓励孩子你会赢。 7. 由前面谈了很多题目，最后确定了一个。 8. 演讲要求记忆讲稿。 9. 在妈妈爱心鼓舞下，自己表现不错。 10. 在听到宣布自己得第一名时，不能相信。 11. 老师和同学会祝贺自己的成绩。 12. 由前文有些同学看不起我知此处为同学。 13. 妈妈哭是因为高兴自己的孩子取得了成绩。 14. 由 has change 知是自从那时至今。 B 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使 短文意思完整。 Traveling to all corners of the world gets easier and easier, but how well do we know and u_________each other? Here is a simple test. Imagine you will hold a m at four o’clock, what time should you e_____your foreign business friends to come? If they are German, they will a____on time. If they are American, they’ll probably be fifteen minutes early. If they are British, they’ll be fifteen minutes late. nderstand eeting xpect rrive The British seemed to think since the English l was widely used in the world, what they did was certain to be widely understood. Very soon they f they were completely ( 完全地 ) wrong. For e , the British are happy to have a business lunch and discuss business matters with a drink during the meal; the Japanese p not to work while eating. Lunch is a time for them to relax and get to know e other, and they don’t drink at lunch. The Germans like to talk business b______ dinner; the French like to eat first and talk afterwards. They have to be well fed and watered before they discuss anything. anguage ound xample refer ach efore [ 解析 ] 本文介绍世界各国不同的风俗习惯， 应了解并尊重各国的习俗。 1. 文章句首提出“现在到全世界每个地区变 得越来越容易，但怎样才能更深入更好 的相互了解呢？”所以填 understand ，依 据 do you know and understand, know 与 understand 是两个并列的动词。 2. 这儿有一个简单的实验，假设你在四点 钟举行一个会议。 3. 你期望你的外国朋友何时来开会？ 4. 如果他们是德国人，他们会准时到达。 5. 应填名词 language ，英语被广泛地运用。 6. 应填动词，他们发现 they found 用过去时，因为这一段讲述英国人的看法，是过去的事，而且所给的句子都是用的一般过去时。 7. for example 举例，依据文章后边的几种情况，说明是举例说明英国人的看法是错的，即“不能因为英语在全世界广泛运用，英国人的习惯做法也被广泛运用。” 8. 依据上句的意思“英国人喜欢中午饭时谈生意 和讨论生意上的问题，在吃饭时，边喝边谈”。 推断出日本人却不喜欢边吃边谈，他们认为午 饭对他们来说是放松一下自己，并且互相了解， 在午饭时，他们是不喝酒的。 9. to know each other 互相了解的意思。 10. before dinner 在吃饭前，与下一句 eat first and talk afterwards 先吃后谈话相对应。 C 根据图画提示，在下面短文空白处填上一个恰当 的词语，使短文通顺完整。 It was a hot sunny day, a crow ( 乌鸦 ) felt very _____. He flew out and looked for some _____to drink. Suddenly, he found a bottle _____on the ground. He flew over to the bottle. There was a little water in it. But the ______of the bottle was too and the crow couldn’t drink the water. He _______hard. He found there were a lot of little stones ______the bottle. Then he had a good ____. The crow ______up the stones one by one and put them into the bottle. So the surface of the water became higher and higher. At last, it was high ________to reach. The crow could have a good drink from the bottle. How clever the crow was! thirsty water lying mouth narrow thought around idea picked enough [ 解析 ] 本文从图上可以看出讲的是乌鸦喝水的故 事。 1. 一只乌鸦口渴了。 2. 当然它是找水喝，用 water 。 3. 发现某物躺在地上，用 find something doing ， 用动名词 lying 。 4. the mouth of the bottle 指“瓶口”。 5. 说明瓶口太小，喝不到水。 6. thought hard 仔细考虑。 7. 在瓶子周围有许多小石子。 8. have a good idea 想出一个好主意。 9. picked up 捡起。 10. 现在水面足够高了。 四、巩固练习 A Yesterday was my friend Kyra’s birthday. He invited me to his birthday party. Another friend, Guy, had offered to take me to the party by car. Well, I was getting dressed 1 Guy rang and said he was ill, so I decided to go by train. Unluckily, while I was talking 2 the phone, the cat walked over my clean shirt, so I had to spend a few minutes finding another one and I was 3 leaving. As I was walking to the station it started snowing and I got very cold. I just 4 a train and I had to wait at the station for half an hour. When the train finally arrived I was frozen! I was so cold and tired that during the journey I 5 and I missed my station. Well, I got off at the next stop and decided to walk 6 to Kyra’s. I walked for half an hour and then I realized I was 7 . Luckily I found a 8 and telephoned for a taxi. When I finally arrived at Kyra’s house it was 9 midnight and people were going home. What a 10 evening! 1. A. then B. when C. and D. as 2. A. on B. at C. to D. about 3. A. ready B. happy C. late D. quick 4. A. got off B. caught C. got on D. missed 5. A. enjoyed talking B. fell asleep C. played cards D. looked out 6. A. up B. forward C. back D. along 7. A. tired B. hungry C. sad D. lost 8. A. phone B. bus stop C. road sign D. taxi 9. A. even B. nearly C. still D. hardly 10. A. lovely B. frightening C. terrible D. cold √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ B 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使 短文意思完整。 Christopher and Jeff had known each other since childhood. One day, Jeff told his friend that he’d fallen in love and planned to get married the_____ month He asked Christopher to lend him ＄ 1, 000 for the wedding party, and promised to pay him back a month later when he started his new job. Christopher knew that Jeff was not very good with money, but he ___agreed. As they were old friends, they didn't put anything in writing. next still A month later Christopher hadn’t heard from Jeff or received any money, ___he phoned him. Jeff was very apologetic and said he would surely pay him back within a month. Six weeks later, Christopher tried to phone Jeff and _____ he had moved and left no link address. ____this time, he was angry. Then one month later, to his surprise, Christopher received a cheque ( 支票 ) for $ 100 from Jeff and a letter giving his new address. He explained that he’d been having money__________, and wouldn’t be able to pay back the remaining $ 900 for some time. Christopher wrote back telling Jeff to forget the____ of the money and never to reach him again by message or telephone. so found problem(s) rest By C 阅读短文，完成文中所缺单词，每空一词。 Students learn their lessons in class. They sit in the classroom ________to the teacher. This is a way of learning. Is this the __________way for students to learn? Of course not. There is another way to learn. That is students can teach themselves. For ______________, if you cannot remember something when you are doing your homework, what will you do? You can look at your book to ________the answer. listening only/single example/instance find/get How to teach yourself? The first thing you must do is reading. Read something you are _________in, or you have to read. The second is that you must ask yourself questions. A clever student is usually_____ at asking questions. The third is to answer the questions yourself by _______________hard, by reading books, and sometimes by asking _____ people. These are the ways of teaching yourself. If you keep doing ______these for a long time, you are sure to have great _______________________in your study. interested good thinking/working like/all success/achievement/results other 中考英语完形填空 Una 2020 中考完形填空 主要测试学生在具体语言环境中对文章的篇章结构、中心思想、推理判断、 词语辨析、习惯用法、固定搭配等方面的能力要求， 及对所学英语的综合运用能力、快速阅读理解能力及逻辑推理判断能力等。 怎么考？ 针对初中学生的实际水平，一般采用 故事类、说明类 短文，尽量避免专业性太强的文章或论文体。 近年来出现了 以意义选择为主 、 语法选择逐渐减少 的趋势。 方法技巧 　　1. 通览全文，了解大意 　　答题时，应先越过空档，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词。我们如果把短文比作环环相扣的链条，那么由于空格的设置，“链条”从第二句起有些地方就脱节了。有些同学 习惯于提笔就填或边读边填 ，急于求成，然而，欲速则不达，因此我们应该 依据首句给的启示，通过逻辑思维，借助短文中关键词所提供的信息 ，越过空档，尽快把全文读完，建立语言的整体感，帮助我们了解短文大意。 　　2. 综合考虑，先易后难 　　通览全文后，认真观察选项，瞻前顾后，仔细推敲，逐项选定。经过通读全文，对短文有了整体印象。在此基础上，可以根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维， 分析这一空格处在句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，确定最佳答案。遇到困难，暂放一边，先易后难 ，这是解题之道。 　　3. 复读检验，消除疏漏 完成所有空档后，还要再次通读全文，看看这时的短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑关系是否合理。 复查时，可从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、主谓一致、代词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确 。 如何操作？ （ 1 ）打好基本功， 背熟固定搭配，真正理解掌握词汇。 call Una_____ （ 2 ）原词复现 （ 3 ）语法 （ 4 ）逻辑关系 顺承并列： and 因果： because, so ， therefore 转折： but ， or ， however ， 让步： although ， but ， still ， until ， unless ， as long as ， 例一： Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, __1__ students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn__2__? It is not__3__to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their __4__. Many people learn English because it is__5__in their work. Some young people learn English__6__their higher studies because some of their books are__7__English. Other people learn English because they want to __8__newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to __9__ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very__10__in our life. 　　1. A. all B. the other 　 C. both D. other 　　2. A. English B. Chinese 　 C. maths D. Japanese 　　3. A. hard B. easy C. good D. nice other 原词复现 English hard 例一： Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, __1__ students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn__2__? It is not__3__to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their __4__. Many people learn English because it is__5__in their work. Some young people learn English__6__their higher studies because some of their books are__7__English. Other people learn English because they want to __8__newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to __9__ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very__10__in our life. 　　4. A. books B. classes　C. schools D. subjects 　　5. A. good B. useful C. fine D. pleased 　　6. A. for B. of C. to D. from the other 原词复现 English hard subject useful for 例一： Every year students in many countries learn English. Some of these students are children, __1__ students are young people. Why do all these people want to learn__2__? It is not__3__to answer this question. Many boys and girls learn English at school. It is one of their __4__. Many people learn English because it is__5__in their work. Some young people learn English__6__their higher studies because some of their books are__7__English. Other people learn English because they want to __8__newspapers in English. Some people learn English because they want to __9__ in the USA, England or Australia. English is very__10__in our life. 　　7. A. in B. with C. at D. of 　　8. A. look B. see C. look at D. read 　　9. A. go B. work C. like D. come 　　10. A. help B. helping 　C. helps D. helpful the other 原词复现 English hard subject useful for in read work helpful Try your best Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur Ex1 Maybe more than any other people, Americans have come to depend on their cars. The family car has been a (1)______ thing since the early twentieth century and it has (2)______ Americans’ life. Many people have (3)______ outside of the large cities to the suburbs( 郊区 ). Some Americans (4)______ two hours a day or more in their cars going to work and going home again. Cars have become the means of transportation (5)______ most Americans for going shopping and going on holidays. 1. A. special B. common C. traditional D. bad 2. A. kept B. made C. taken D. changed 3. A. moved B. stayed C. flown D. gone 4. A. cost B. pay C. spend D. take 5. A. for B. to C. at D. on Americans used to like big cars, because gasoline( 汽油 ) used not to be so (6)______. Recently, however, the (7)______ of gasoline has increased. (8)______ cars have become more popular. Also (9)______ cars have become popular. Americans have bought large numbers of Japanese and German cars. They have bought cars from several (10)______ countries, too. 6. A. cheap B. expensive C. high D. low 7. A. colour B. station C. number D. cost 8. A. Big B. Expensive C. Cheap D. Small 9. A. American B. foreign C. new D. old 10. A. the other B. another C. other D. others 谢谢观看 THANKS 中考英语完形填空解题技巧 “ 完形填空”题 是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空的优点， 既考查 词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句的关联和习惯用法 等，又考查了 逻辑推理和事理推断能力 。 “ 完形填空”题要求填入的词主要有： 1. 语法结构所要求的功能词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。 2. 具有语法变化的普通词，如动词的时态、语态、语气，名词的数，代词的格，形容词和副词的级等。 3. 固定搭配短语或词组中的特定词。 4. 同义词、近义词等易混淆词。 5. 根据上、下文意思及结构必须填入的确定词。 完形填空题的考查目的： 1. 考查同学们阅读理解能力。 2. 考查同学们语法知识。 3. 考查同学们综合运用英语知识的水平和实践能力。 一、完形填空题的命题特点 完形填空题是通过阅读考查学生语言知识及语言知识 综合运用能力的一种测试形式。命题人在一段难度适度的文章中留出 10 个空白，要求考生从所给的 A, B, C, D 四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使补足的短文意思通顺、结构完整。 完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读理解之间的一种题型。可以说它是根据一篇文章所提供的情景进行的选择填空，也可以说它是在缺少个别单词情况下的阅读理解。完形填空既有对语法规则、习惯用法和词语搭配的考查，又有对文章内容的通篇理解。 完形填空主要考查以下三个方面的内容： 1 、词汇： 此类题目考查的内容是：近义词的区别，词语的固定搭配和习惯用法。近几年陕西省中考题中的完型填空题考查的词汇类别涉及到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。 2 、语法： 此类题目考查的是：各种语法规则在文章中的运用。其中包括名词的单复数，形容词、副词的比较等级，动词的时态和语态，介词、数词、代词和连词的用法，主谓一致，各种从句的用法等。 3 、结构： 此类题目考查的是：文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间的逻辑关系。 从设空的类型看可分为三个层次： 1 、句子层次 2 、句组层次 3 、全篇层次 设空的难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到全篇层次，依次增加。 分析近几年陕西省的完形填空题，我们可以看出陕西省完形填空题的设空主要以句子层次为主，以句组层次为辅，几乎没有全篇层次题目。因此总体难度较低。 二、完形填空的解题技巧 前面我们已经分析过，完形填空是在全面理解短文基础上的选择填空。因此做“完型填空”题应遵循下列步骤： 1 、通读全文，了解大意 做这类题目是，首先应该把文章通读一遍，了解一下文章的大概内容。千万不要读一句填一句，因为“完形填空”题里所给的大多数选项填入单句后都可成立，但从全文看又不可取 例如： 2002 年北京海淀区中考试题中的完形填空题： A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods. It was named after frankfurter, a German food. You may hear “hot dog” 1 in other ways. People sometimes say “hot dog” to express 2 . For example, a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema. You might say “Great! I would love to go.” Or, you could say, “ 4 ! I would love to go.” People 5 use the expression to describe ( 描写 )someone who is a “show- off”, who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is. You often hear such 7 called a “hot dog”. He may be a baseball player, for example, who 8 the ball with one hand, making a (n) 9 catch seem more difficult. You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch, he bows ( 鞠躬 ) to the crowd, hoping to win their 10 . ，“ hot dog” 在这里不是“被吃”，“被做”，“被拿”，而是“被使用”，只能选 used 1. A. eaten B. used C. cooked D. picked 1. A. eaten B. used C. cooked D. picked 2. A. strength B. practice C. pleasure D. reply 3. A. if B. how C. when D. where 4. A. Hot dog B. Don’t worry C. Never mind D. Excuse me 5. A. ever B. also C. still D. yet 6. A. hopeful B. careful C. kind D. great 7. A. a dog B. a land C. a person D. an action 8. A. catches B. plays C. passes D. throws 9. A. hard B. funny C. exciting D. easy 10. A. thanks B. cheers C. medals D. matches 如果不看后面的文章内容，短文的第一个题所给第四个选项都可以填入空白处，不论是从语法的角度，还是从这个句子的意思完整的角度，都是能够站得住脚的。但如果继续看完这一段短文之后，你就会领悟到。 有些同学一拿到“完形填空”题，就着手去填，填到最后，才发现所选答案语全文的意思不符，不得不在从头开始。费时又费力，还不易做准确，这种方法是不可取的。 2 、瞻前顾后，逐步填空 了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。 一般来说，文章后面所给的选择答案可分三类：一类是语法正确，而意思不对；另一类是意思正确，而语法错误；第三类是语法正确，意思也正确。在选择答案时，一定要考虑到上下文的意思，还要考虑到句子的结构，习惯用法，固定搭配和词类的功能，尽量使选出的答案及复合语法又符合原文的意思。 3 、认真复查，适当调整 填空全部做完以后，应把短文从头到尾再读一遍，检查一下填空以后的文章是否连贯，情节是否合理，语法结构是否正确。一般来说，如果意思连贯，情节合理，语法结构正确，就意味着选答没有问题；如果发现个别填空使文章文理不通，语法结构有问题，就说明选答不正确。对这样的填空应该认真推敲，进行调整。 下面来做 【 中考范例 】 （ 2004 年陕西省中考试题） Once upon a time, some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtle( 海龟 ). They began to beat the turtle. Just at that time, a young man came and said to them, “Stop!” The children ran 31 quickly. The turtle was very thankful and said, “Thanks for your kindness. I really would like 32 you to a wonderful palace now.” The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secret palace in the sea. When he 33 the palace, he was very surprised and said to the turtle, “What a nice palace!” To thank him, the king of the turtles gave him 34 . He had never seen such a dinner before. He received a warm welcome there and was very 35 everything. After dinner, the king of the turtles said, “I am going to give you two boxes, 36 you can open only one.” “You mustn’t open both. Don’t forget it!” the turtle warned him. “All right. I will open only one,” the young man promised( 许诺 ). At this time, a large wave sent him out of the sea. After he 37 , he opened the bigger one of the two boxes. 38 the box was full of gold. “My God!” he cried. “I’m 39 now.” Then he thought, “Things in the other box must be expensive, too.” He could not wait any longer. He broke his promise and opened the other box. As soon as he opened it, he became an old man. His hair turned white. His face 40 an old man over eighty years old. It all happened in a moment. He was sorry for what he did, but it was too late. 31B 根据上下文判断，那些孩子们应该是跑走了。所以应选 away 。 32D would like 之后应接不定式，年轻人就了海龟的命，海龟应是“邀请年轻人到宫殿去。” 33. C 到达某个地方应用 arrived at 。 34. A 按照逻辑，海龟国王要感谢他，必然设盛宴招待他。所以应选 a big dinner 。 35. A 海龟国王盛情招待他，所以他对一切都满意。 pleased with everything 表示的就是这个意思 36. C 海龟国王给了他两个盒子，但只准他打开一个。这里有一个转折关系，所以应选 but 。 37. C 海龟国王给了他两个盒子，但只准他打开一个。这里有一个转折关系，所以应选 but 。 38. D 使他感到惊讶的是，用英语表示就是 To his surprise 。 39. B 他得到了金子，当然应该是 a rich man 。 40.C 由于贪心，他的头发变白了，脸“看起来”像八十多岁的老头。 31. A. through B. away C. into D. out 32. A. wanting B. asking C. to let D. to invite 33. A. left for B. arrived on C. arrived at D. got away 34. A. a very big dinner B. a very poor dinner C. a very bad dinner D. a very small dinner 35. A. pleased with B. strict in C. angry with D. sorry for 36. A. so B. or C. but D. as 37. A. went back to home B. was back home C. went back to the sea D.was back the sea 38. A. To his surprising B. To one’s surprising C. To one’s surprise D. To his surprise 39. A. a poor man B. a rich man C. an old man D. a young man 40. A. liked B. felt like C. looked like D. looked 从 2004 年的完形填空题来看，难度不大，全部题目都属于句子层次。只要看懂了短文的意思，掌握了一些短语的固定搭配，再多做一些精选的练习，做好完形填空题是不难的。 www.2xxyy.com 江苏省中小学英语教学 中考英语完形填空 及书面表达点拨 完型填空及书面表达 一、中考对完型填空的考查主要集中在以下几个方面 ： 　　 1 、首先是测试考生对 篇章的理解 能力。 　　 2 、其次测试考生使用 词汇和语法 结构的能力。 二、 中考对书面表达的考察主要集中在以下几个方面： 　　能运用所学词汇、语法和句型造简单的句子，能仿造学过的题材或话题利用所给的提示，按照交际要求写出一篇 60-80 单词左右的文段。书面表达的文段应该符合下列要求： 　　 1 、语言通顺，语句连贯，层次清楚，意思正确 　　 2 、用词基本恰当，句子结构完整，语法正确 　　 3 、书写规范，字迹工整，格式符合要求 三、如何做好完型填空题？ 　　 1 、完型填空是以挖空的形式对语篇进行考察，因此要提高完型填空题的做题正确率，最根本的方法是平时进行 大量的阅读，增强语感和词汇量。 　　 2 、在做题的过程中，大家会发现虽然所给出的文章被抽去了 10 个词，但是整篇文章的内容仍是可以理解的。如果同学们 不能理解文章内容，就难以将正确的词填入文中 。这也就是完型填空题与以单句形式考查词汇和语法的题的根本区别。由此可见，在答题时必须时刻 从上下文考虑 ，不应该只看到所填入的词在短语或句子内是否可行。因此，在做题时最好将 全文通读一下，了解了全文的意思以后再做。　 　　 3 、在完型填空的题中， 首句 一般不会设空，但是同学们对于 首句应该给与足够的重视 ，因为往往它就是中心句或是引导句，它的时态往往 决定了全文的时态 ，所以多花一点时间看首句是值得的。　 　　 4 、然后以句子为单位一句一句地读，一句一句地填空，主要考虑 语法、句意、逻辑和上下文 联系。 暂时填不出来的就空在那里，等回过头来再处理。 　　 5 、最后 通读 一遍，完成没有填的空，再看看填的顺不顺，不顺的地方大胆修改。 　　 6 、在做题的同时，同学们还要借助自己各方面的知识和生活常识等，对文章内容进行更好的把握和猜测。 中考完型填空解答示例 例一： 　　 There are many words in the English language. You will never     1      the meaning of every word in English. When you read, you will often find many     2      you do not know. You will not have enough time to     3      reading and try to find every new word in a dictionary.      Sometimes you can     4      a new word because you know some of the parts of the new word. For example, if a word ends    5     the letters “ er ” , that word   6   be the name of a    7   or a thing that does a certain action （某个动作） . A writer is a person who writes.    8      it is not   9     to know the parts of a new word to understand it,   10      it will help you many times. 1 、 A ． know               B ． learn               C ． find                D ． look up 2 、 A ． books              B ． letters             C ． stories              D ． words 3 、 A ． stop               B ． enjoy            　 C ． keep                D ． start 4 、 A ． find               B ． get                 C ． study               D ． guess 5 、 A ． in                 B ． off                 C ． up                  D ． with 6 、 A ． can                B ． might        　　　 C ． should              D ． must 7 、 A ． friend             B ． boy                 C ． person              D ． girl 8 、 A ． Then               B ． Now                 C ． Yet                 D ． Sometimes 9 、 A ． helpful             B ． useful               C ． enough              D ． good 10 、 A ． but               B ． and                 C ． so                  D ． for ( 1A     2 D     3 A     4 D     5 D    6  B    7  C  8  D    9  C     10 A )     在做题前 先通读一遍全文， 会发现本文是关于英语词汇的。再仔细的阅读，会发现是关于如何去猜测你所不认识的英文单词。空 1 比较容易做出来，应该是“你不可能知道每个单词的意思”，应该选 A 。顺着这个思路，空 2 应该选 D 。空 3 考查的是 stop doing sth. （停止做某事）结构，答案选 A 。通读文章，会发现第二段开始讲如何猜测你不认识的单词词义，故空 4 选 D 。空 5 应该填入介词 with, 意思是“以 … 结尾”。空 6 表示一种猜测的语气，因此选择 B 。根据我们平时所积累的英语知识，以“ er ” 结尾的名词很多都是表示做这个动作的人或物，因此空 7 选 C 。把文章最后一句话反复读几遍，能寻找出最后三个空的内在关系，即作者想说的是：尽管有时候光靠一个词的部分意思还不足以完全理解这个词，但是这种方法在很多时候还是很有用的。因此空 8 、 9 、 10 的答案分别是 D ， C ， A 。 例二：     The United States covers a large part of the North      1     continent ( 洲 ), when this land first became a nation. After       2      its freedom ( 自由 ) from England, it has 13 states. Each of the states had a star on the American flag ( 旗子 ). As the nation      3      , new states were formed and there       4      new stars on the flag. 5      a long time, there were forty-eight states. In 1959 two        6   stars were added ( 加 ) to the flag, standing for ( 代表 ) the new states of Alaska and Hawaii.         7   were the first people of the land and great number of people came from England. It is   8      that reason that the language of the U.S. is English and      9      its culture and customs ( 文化习惯 ) are more     10     those of England than any other country in the world. 1 、 A ． America             B ． America's        C ． American           D ． Americans 2 、 A ． win                 B ． won              C ． winning            D ． have won 3 、 A ． grew                B ． grows            C ． growing            D ． have grown 4 、 A ． are                 B ． were              C ． have been         D ． had been 5 、 A ． In                  B ． From             C ． For                D ． Through 6 、 A ． another             B ． many             C ． other              D ． more 7 、 A ． India               B ． Indian           C ． Indias             D ． Indians 8 、 A ． on                  B ． for              C ． because            D ． because of 9 、 A ． that                B ． why              C ． many               D ． all 10 、 A ． as                 B ． like             C ． same               D ． as if (1 C  2  C    3A    4B    5C    6D    7D    8B    9A    10B )      同样通读这篇文章，会发现是在讲述美国 50 个州的简短来历。空 1 处须添入一个形容词，故选择 America 的形容词形式 American 。空 2 跟在 after 之后，需要填入一个动名词，因此是 C 。从所提供的被选答案来看，空 3 和空 4 都是考察时态的，因此我们很有必要根据上下文的时态来做决定。上下文在讲述美国 50 个州的来历，用的是过去时，因此空 3 和空 4 也选用 过去时，答案分别是 A 和 B 。在时间段的前面常常用 for, 因此空 5 选 C 。“到了 1959 年，又增加了 2 个州”表示在原有的基础上再增加，因此用 more 最好，空 6 答案选 D 。空 7 比较简单，应该用印第安人的复数形式，故选 D 。“就是 … 的原因”我们通常用“ It is for that reason that …” 结构，注意此空不能用 because ，答案应该是 B 。反复阅读文章的最后一句话，意思是说“那就是为什么美国的通用语言是英语，并且她的文化和习俗更接近英国，而不是世界上的其它任何国家”。 空 9 是在承接前面表达，与前面的“ It is for that reason that … 是一个平行的结构，因此还是用 that ，答案选 A 。空 10 比较简单，用介词 like 表示“象 …” 的意思，答案选 B 。 四、如何做好书面表达题？     1 、中国有句古话，叫“熟读唐诗三百首，不会吟诗也会作”。同样，要使自己具有较强的写作能力， 首先应该熟读和背诵一些句型和短文 。许多同学写出来的语言根本不符合英语的语言习惯，相当一部分人有对照中文逐字翻译的不良习惯，不去理会中英文的差异。 大量的背诵和阅读是提高写作能力的有效办法， 同学们若有大量的现成语言积累在脑海里，自己写起文段来，就可以做到脱口而出，或是模仿、套用，甚至发挥。 例 : 中国式英语吓倒老外 昨天来了个老外，进到办公室，前台小姐左看右看，大家都在打游戏，只有自己比较清闲，面带微笑地 —— 前台小姐：“ Hello.” 老外：“ Hi.” 前台小姐：“ You have what thing ？”　 老外：“ Can you speak English ？” 前台小姐：“ If I not speak English, I am speaking what ？” 老外：“ Can anybody else speak English ？” 前台小姐：“ You yourself look. All people are playing, no people have time, you can   wait, you wait, you not wait, you go ！” 老外：“ Good heavens. Anybody here can speak English ？” 前台小姐：“ Shout what shout, quiet a little, you on earth have what thing ？” 老外：“ I want to speak to your head.” 前台小姐：“ Head not zai. You tomorrow come ！”     2 、平时可以采用循序渐进、灵活多样的练习方式。从根据提示词写单句开始，到写单句，然后到写几句话，最后到写流利的文段。尽量尝试多种形式的写作，如短信、说明、通知、便条、明信片、看图写作、根据表格或记录写短文等。     3 、在答题时，要充分了解所提供的情景素材， 注意使用常见的连接词 来表示顺序和逻辑关系，使句意表达连贯、语法正确、符合逻辑。还要注意字母的大小写和标点符号。     4 、下笔之前最好先通读所给的中英文提示， 做到该写些什么心中有数 。然后把自己的思路和提示词结合起来，把握好时态，慢慢展开写。写完之后一定要检查一遍，加以修改和润色。注意切忌用中文来逐字翻译提示词，应该 尽可能地套用已学过的句型和例句。 一、写作时需考虑哪些方面的因素？ （ 1 ）本话题所需要的词块、语块。 （ 2 ）本话题的写作模板结构等。 （ 3 ）本话题所涉及到的经典名句、谚语等。 二、困惑与对策 困惑 1 ：写什么？ 以 《How to learn well?》 为题，写一篇作文，那么我们应该如何入手开始写作呢？来看看以下几张思维导图，能够帮你整理好一篇作文的写作框架。 困惑 2 ：如何选材？ 即使知道了写作框架，但在补充框架时又会遇到另一个困惑：如何选材？以下是一些关于写作选材的建议： 1 ．选定英语思维导图各区域所需的词块和语块。 2 ．将各区域的词块和语块按段落写成连贯的语篇。 3 ．对照思维导图自我批改，注意人称、时态语态、句型结构的正确使用。 困惑 3 ：如何表达？ 很多学生在写作时，使用的句式比较单一，因此文章大多雷同，缺乏个性。 针对这些问题，我们可以从以下几个方面改进： 1 ．对相同意思，注意不同句式的表达法，选择更好的句式。 2 ．短文写作，表达力求精悍、生动、丰富，避免重复用一样的句式。 3 ．特别注意使用承上启下的词语和句子。 三、思维导图在英语作文写作中的应用实例 写作流程： 1. 审题、理清思路：考虑写什么（挑选关键词，搭建作文框架）。 2. 选择词语：根据话题和作文框架选用所需要的语料（词块和语块）。 3. 遣词造句：根据思维导图中的语料，用合适的句型写作。 4. 语篇定稿：根据思维导图修改润色作文 —— 紧扣主题、表达准确，关联自然，语篇流畅。 实例 1 ： 假如你有两位同学 —— 芳芳和明明，参加了上星期二学校组织的英语演讲比赛，他们的不同表现使你深有感触。请你根据下列表各中的内容提示写一篇英语短文。 芳芳 明明 我 1. 认为自己英语好，不需要努力；花费时间挑选比赛用的漂亮衣服 2. 因准备不足，太紧张，而没有完成演讲。 1. 努力学习，向别人请教；赛前两天腿受伤，但不放弃 2. 在比赛中表现良好 应该向明明学习 参考词汇：英语演讲比赛 English Speech Contest 要求： 1. 词数： 80~100 个 2. 短文开头已给出，不计入总词数 3. 要点齐全，行文连贯，可适当发挥 Last Tuesday Fangfang and Mingming entered the English Speech Contest in our school. What they did make me think deeply. Before the contest, Fangfang thought__________________. Last Tuesday Fangfang and Mingming entered the English Speech Contest in our school. What they did make me think deeply. Before the contest, Fangfang thought her English was the best. So shespent lots of time picking some beautiful clothes for herself instead of trying to work hard at English for the contest. As a result, she didn't do well in the contest because she hadn't got ready for the contest. But Mingming was different from Fangfang. He worked hard at Englishand asked others for help. Especially, his leg was hurt two days before the contest, but he never gave up. In the end, he won the contest. No doubt, from Mingming we should learn : No pains, No gains. From now on, I mush learn fromMingming.