19年中考英语真题 分类 专题19-4 短文填空（杂糅型填空）（第01期）（解析版） 14页

‎2019年中考真题英语分项汇编 专题19 短文填空 考点4杂糅型填空 Passage 1（2019 •福建省）‎ Before paper was invented, people wrote or drew on materials such as bamboo, 81 [sɪlk], animal hide, and wooden blocks. Writing materials were 82 (real) expensive and few people learned to read. Therefore, few people wrote. This all changed, thanks 83 an man named Cai Lun.‎ Paper had already existed (存在) in China , but the process for 84 (produce) it was difficult and the paper was of low quality. Cai Lun began experimenting (试验) with many different materials and different 85 (method) to turn those materials into paper. In the year 105, he made it from tree bark, bamboo, cloth rags, and fishing nets. His paper was 86 (strong) and cheaper than any paper that had been made before.‎ With Cai Lun’s papermaking method, Chinese culture 87 [ɡruː] more rapidly over the next several centuries. That’s because ideas were much easier to share 88 more people learned to read. The use of paper spread abroad, helping 89 ['ʌðə] cultures record and spread their ideas. Today, Cai Lun is considered a national hero in China. But 90 whole world should remember the clever Chinese papermaker forever.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】主要讲述中国造纸术之父——蔡伦以及造纸的过程。‎ ‎81. silk 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标拼写规则可知。‎ ‎82. really 考查副词。根据句意可知，书写材料是真的很昂贵，这里修饰 expensive 要用副词，real 的副词为 really。‎ ‎83. to 考查介词。根据句意，多亏了一个叫做蔡伦的人 ，thanksto 意为“多亏了…” ，因此填介词 to。‎ ‎84. producing 考查非谓语动词。根据句意，纸在中国已经存在 ，但是生产纸的过程还是很困难，并且纸是低质量的。再根据介词后面接动词的 ing 形式，for 为介词，因此这里填producing。‎ ‎85. methods 考查名词复数。根据句意可知，蔡伦是以很多不同的材料和不同的方法开始试验，different 后面接名词的复数形式，method 复数形式为 methods。‎ ‎86. stronger ‎ 考查形容词比较级，根据句意可知，他的纸比之前使用的任何纸都来得更牢固和更便宜，因此这里填 strong 的比较级 stronger。‎ ‎87. grew 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。‎ ‎88. and 考查并列连词，根据句意可知，那是因为想法更容易分享，并且更多人学会阅读，因此这里填 and。‎ ‎89. other 考查音标。根据句意及所给音标的拼写规则可知。‎ ‎90. the 考查冠词。句意为“一整个世界应该永远记住这个聪明的中国造纸者”，the whole world 表示一整个世界，因此这里填 the。‎ Passage 2（2019 •浙江省绍兴市）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 ‎ Tani, 8 years old, ran away from Nigeria with his family two years ago. （1）________ they got to the United States, a churchman （2）________ (warm) helped place them in a homeless shelter (收容所) in New York. Tani's dad worked as a driver. And his mom studied hard （3）________ (become) a nurse. Tani started going to Primary School 116. There, （4）________ learned to play the game that would change his life: chess.‎ On March 10th, Tani （5）________ (win)a state champion (冠军) for little kids. He beat 73 other players. Some had practiced with private chess teachers, but Tani had practiced on （6）________ floor of the homeless shelter alone.‎ A reporter wrote an article about Tani. In three weeks, thousands （7）________ people gave away over $250, 000 to Tani and his family on GoFundMe. Some also left （8）________ (message). "Tani! You are a superstar!" one person wrote.‎ Recently, Tani and his family （9）________ (decide) to giveaway all the money. "Thanks to others' help, we live much （10）________ (happily) than before" Tani's father, Kayoed, told TIME for Kids. "Now we want to help poor people."‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】本文叙述尼日利亚难民一个八岁孩子塔尼和家人一起当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。在那里，他学会了玩会改变他的生活的游戏：下棋。3月10日，塔尼赢得了国家儿童冠军。在一位好心人的记者写了一篇关于塔尼的文章。三周之内，数千人在Gofundme向Tani和他的家人捐赠了超过25万美元。但他们最近，塔尼和他的家人决定把所有的钱都捐出。他们各自的生活比以前好多了。‎ ‎（1）When /After 考查连词。句意：当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。根据前后句意思，可知前句是后句发生的时间，要用连词when/after，故答案为 When /After 。‎ ‎ （2）warmly考查副词。句意：当他们到达美国时，一位牧师热情地帮助他们在纽约的无家可归者收容所里安顿下来。修饰动词helped，要用副词。形容词warm的副词warmly，故答案为warmly。‎ ‎ （3）to become考查不定式。句意：他妈妈努力学习成为一名护士。由句子结构可知，句子的谓语动词studied，become要用非谓语动词，此处表示动词studied的目的，要用不定式做目的状语，故答案为 to become 。‎ ‎ （4）he考查人称代词主格。句意：在那里，他学会了玩会改变他的生活的游戏：下棋。由句子结构可知，缺少主语，此处是指Tani，男孩名，要用人称代词的主格he，答案为he。‎ ‎ （5）won考查一般过去时。句意：3月10日，塔尼赢得了国家儿童冠军。根据下句中的谓语动词beat，可知用一般过去时，winder过去式won，故答案为won。‎ ‎ （6）the考查定冠词。句意：但塔尼一个人在无家可归者收容所的地板上练习。根据空格后的可数名词floor of the homeless shelter alone. 可知表示特指的地板，要用定冠词the，故答案为the。‎ ‎ （7）of考查固定短语。句意：三周之内，数千人在Gofundme向Tani和他的家人捐赠了超过25万美元。thousands of+可数名词复数，成千上万的，表示不确定的数量，固定短语。故答案为of。‎ ‎ （8）messages考查句意名词复数。句意：还有一些留言。message，信息，可数名词，空格前没有冠词，要用复数表示一类，故答案为messages。‎ ‎ （9）have decided考查现在完成时。句意：最近，塔尼和他的家人决定把所有的钱都捐出。根据recently，最近，常与现在完成时连用，have/has+过去分词，主语 Tani and his family ， 看作复数，要用have，decide的过去分词decided，故答案为have decided。‎ ‎ （10）more happily考查副词比较级。句意：我们活得比以前幸福多了。空格前有  live much，可知修饰动词要用副词的比较级。happily的比较级more happily，故答案为more happily。‎ Passage 3（2019 •深圳市）‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空。‎ Jason and Andy are twins. They share a lot of things, including room, food and toys.‎ One Saturday, Jason and Andy went out 46. ___________ (play) with a toy car. Both of them wanted to be the owner of the car, so they shouted at each other. 47. ___________ (They) mother heard the boys arguing. She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car, but the twins wouldn’t.‎ A few days later, Mother brought 48. ___________ pet home. “Can’t we each have our own pet dog?” asked the boys. They were 49. ___________ (tire) of sharing everything.‎ ‎“No! The dog must 50. ___________ (share).” Mother said. “You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong.”‎ Several days later, the dog got into mother’s room 51. ___________ (secret) and made a mess there. Jason saw the dog playing with mother’s clothes. He quickly went to find Andy and told him 52. ___________ the dog had done.‎ ‎“Oh, no! It’s our duty to clean up the mess!” 53. ___________ (cry) Andy. They boys picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly.‎ ‎“Just think, Jason,” said Andy, “what a big mess two 54. ___________ (dog) would made!” “I agree 55. ___________ you,” laughed Jason, “Maybe sharing isn’t so bad!”‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ 46. to play 考查不定式，他们出去玩玩具，to play 表目的。‎ 47. Their 考查物主代词， “他们的”要用 “Their”。‎ 48. a 考查不定冠词，dog 可数名词单数，前面应用冠词限定。由题意可知“妈妈买了一只宠物狗”，用不定冠词 a。‎ 49. tired 考查固定搭配，be tired of doing sth. 表示厌倦/厌烦做某事。‎ 50. be shared 考查被动语态，这只小狗要“由他们俩分享”也是“被分享”，所以要用 “must be shared”。‎ 51. secretly 考查词性转化和副词用法；该空需要修饰动词 “got into”用副词修饰，secret n.秘密；adj. 秘密的，变成副词 secretly adv. 秘密地，悄悄地。‎ 52. what 考查宾语从句，从句 “he had done”缺少宾语，句意“告诉他这个狗做了什么”， 故用 what。‎ 53. cried 考查动词时态，句意“Andy 大喊到…”，由前后句可知，为过去时态，改成 cried。‎ 54. dogs 考查名词复数，dog 是可数名词，两只狗，直接加 s。‎ 55. with 考查固定搭配， agree with sb.表示同意某人。‎ Passage 4（2019 •河北省）‎ 根据短文内容所给提示，在文中的横线上填写一个正确的单词。‎ I have a photo album (相册). It’s a present from my classmate—David.‎ I got to know David on the 71.__________ (two) day of middle school. We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, 72. s__________ we always had a lot of things to talk about. Once I traveled with him to his ‎ hometown in the countryside. He showed me 73. a__________ and I saw many interesting things. We had a 74.__________ (wonder) time. It is really nice to have such 75.__________ good classmate.‎ ‎   However, last summer, David 76.__________ (go) to another city because of his father’s job. Before leaving, he gave 77.__________ (I) a photo album. “It has the memorable events we have experienced together. I have also written some 78.__________ (note) under each of these photos,” he said. I was 79.__________ (deep) moved.‎ ‎   I always look at the album when I think 80.__________ David. I really miss him.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎71. second 词形填空题，考查数词，根据前面的the和句意推断，应该是在上中学的第二天，所以把基数词改为序数词。‎ ‎72. so 首字母填空题，根据前后句判断应该填连词，有共同的爱好，所以才会有共同语言。‎ ‎73. around 首字母填空题，根据句意，在他的家乡，他带我参观，show sb. around带某人参观。‎ ‎74. wonderful 词形填空题，考查短语have a wonderful time，wonderful变形容词修饰名词time。‎ ‎75. a 词汇盲填题，考查结构such a +adj. +n.，后面的classmate是单数名词。‎ ‎76. went 词形填空题，考查动词时态，根据前面的时间状语last summer，可知考查一般过去时。‎ ‎77. me 词形填空题，考查代词，give sb. sth. 的结构，give动词后要用宾格。‎ ‎78. notes 词形填空题，考查名词单复数，根据前面some，可知可数名词note要变复数形式。‎ ‎79. deeply 词形填空题，考查形容词，根据句子结构可知修饰moved，所以要变副词形式。‎ ‎80. of 词汇盲填题，考查短语think of，表示想到，想起。‎ Passage 5（2019 •山东省枣庄市）‎ 阅读下面材料，并填空，有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于3个单词。‎ One of the world's most dangerous sports is mountain climbing， and one of the___21___popular places for this is the Himalayas． The Himalayas___22___（run） along the southwestern part of China．‎ Of all the mountains， Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous．___23___ is 8，844． 43 meters high and so is very ___24___（danger）to climb． It is very hard to take in air as you get near the top．‎ The first Chinese team ___25___（reach） the top in 1960， while___26___first woman to succeed was Junko Taibei from Japan in 1975．‎ Why do so many climbers risk their lives？ One of the main ___27___（reason） is that people want to challenge themselves ___28___ of difficulties， The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up ‎ ‎___29___（try） to achieve our dreams． It also shows that humans___30___（be） stronger than the forces of nature in some situations ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】世界上最危险的运动之一是爬山，最受欢迎的地方之一是喜马拉雅山。第一支中国队在1960年登上顶峰，而第一位成功的女性是日本的Junko Taibei 在1975年登上登峰。面对困难，我们不应该放弃努力实现梦想。‎ ‎21. most 考查最高级。根据one of the…popular places 可知填最高级修饰名词，popular的最高级是most popular，句意：最受欢迎的地方之一是喜马拉雅山。故答案是：most。‎ ‎22. run 考查一般现在时。根据上下文结合语境可知是一般现在时，主语The Himalayas复数，动词用原形，句意：喜马拉雅山脉位于中国西南部。故答案是：run。‎ ‎23. It 考查代词。根据…is 8，844.43 meters high可知空格处指的是 Qomolangma，用it代替，句意：它8844.43米高．故答案是：It。‎ ‎24. dangerous 考查形容词。very 修饰形容词，danger名词，危险，dangerous形容词，危险，结合所给词可知句意：所以爬山很危险。故答案是：dangerous。‎ ‎25. reached 考查一般过去时。根据in 1960用一般过去时，结合所给词可知句意：第一支中国队在1960年登上顶峰。故答案是：reached。‎ ‎26. the 考查冠词。根据…first woman to succeed was Junko Taibei 可知填定冠词the，序数词first前通常用the，句意：而第一位成功的女性是日本的Junko Taibei 在1975年登上登峰，故答案是：the。‎ ‎27. reasons 考查名词复数。one of the +adj +复数名词，句意：其中一个主要原因是面对困难时人们想挑战自己。故答案是：reasons。‎ ‎28. in the face 考查短语。根据上下文可知句意：其中一个主要原因是面对困难时人们想挑战自己。in the face of 面对，故答案是：in the face of。‎ ‎29. trying 考查动名词。give up doing sth. 放弃做某事，结合所给词可知句意：我们不应该放弃努力实现梦想。故答案是：trying。‎ ‎30. may be 考查情态动词。根据 It also shows that humans…stronger than the forces of nature in some situations，结合所给词可知句意：它还表明，在某种环境下人类可能比自然的力量更强大，may be 可能是，情态动词后跟动词原形，故答案是：may be。‎ Passage 6（2019 •浙江省衢州市）‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词。‎ It was our school’s yearly dancing show. I ___46___(be) excited that I was chosen by the teacher this time although I didn’t have any experience of dancing for a show. I would dance in front of all the students and ___47___(teacher). It made me very proud.‎ However, I was a bit sad ___48___ my father had no time to watch me dance. He ___49___(invite) to have a business meeting. I knew that my father would surely come to my show if he could. ___50___(lucky), my mother and my elder sister were still coming to watch my show.‎ ‎___51___ the beginning of the day, I was very nervous. After changing into the dress and getting my makeup done, I felt ___52___(relax). Then I went on to the stage bravely. I was very glad to see my mother and sister sitting in ___53___ second row.‎ Just before the lights turned dark, I saw my father rush into the hall and take the seat beside my mother. ___54___ a pleasant surprise it was! The sight of my father made ___55___(I) smile. I began dancing confidently. Soon after the show, my family came backstage to congratulate me. I was so happy and lucky to have my family’s support.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】本文作者讲述自己第一次参加舞蹈表演的经历。‎ ‎46. was 句意：我很兴奋这次我被老师选中了，尽管我没有任何舞蹈表演的经验。根据上文It was our school’s yearly dancing show.时态是一般过去时，可知本文主要时态是一般过去时。be过去式was和were，本句主语是I单数，可知填was。‎ ‎47. teachers 句意：我会在所有学生和老师面前跳舞。可数名词复数表示泛指，单数一般不单独使用；teacher：教师，复数teachers。结合句意和所给词提示可知答案是teachers。‎ ‎48. because/since/as 句意：但是，我有点难过，因为我父亲没有时间看我跳舞。根据句意可知前后句是因果关系，后句表示原因，结合句意可知答案是because/since/as。‎ ‎49. was invited 句意：他被邀请开一个商务会议。根据句意可知主语和动词是被动关系，本文时态是一般过去时，故此句是一般过去时的被动语态，其构成was/were +动词过去分词；invite的过去分词是invited；主语是he,所以用was。答案是was invited。‎ ‎50. Luckily ‎ 句意：幸运的是，我妈妈和姐姐仍然会来看我的节目。副词可以修饰整个句子，一般用逗号与主句隔开；本词修饰整个句子，可知填副词。lucky：幸运的，形容词，副词形式luckily；答案是Luckily。‎ ‎51. At 句意：在这一天开始的时候，我很紧张。短语at the beginning of：在……开始；注意：句子开头第一个字母要大写，结合句意可知答案At。‎ ‎52. relaxed 句意：换上衣服，化妆后，我觉得很轻松。feel：感觉，感官系动词，后面跟形容词做表语，过去式felt。relax：放松，休息，动词；形容词有relaxed和relaxing，relaxed：感到放松的，一般修饰人，在句中一般作表语或补语；relaxing：令人放松的，指事物本身具有的特性，一般修饰物，在句子中作表语、定语或补语；本句主语是人，答案是relaxed。‎ ‎53. the 句意：我很高兴看到我的母亲和妹妹坐在第二排。序数词前使用定冠词the；答案是the。‎ ‎54. What 句意：它真是个惊喜！考查感叹句，感叹句由what和how引导，what修饰的中心词是名词，how修饰的中心词是副词或形容词。本句修饰名词surprise，可知此感叹句使用what引导。故答案是What。‎ ‎55. me 句意：看到我父亲，我笑了。短语make sb. do sth.：使某人做某事，make是动词，需接人称代词的宾格形式；I：我，人称代词主格，宾格是me；答案是me。‎ Passage 7（2019 •浙江省宁波市）‎ 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词。或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。‎ An old man went to India. When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap. The _____51_____(cheap) thing was a basket of red fruit.‎ ‎"How much per kilo?" the old man _____52_____( ask).‎ ‎"Two rupees (卢比) ," the shopkeeper answered. Two rupees in India is almost nothing, ___53___the old man bought a whole kilogram and started eating it.‎ However, as soon as he started eating, his mouth began ____54____ (burn), his eyes began to water, and his whole face became as red ____55____ the fruit. As he coughed and struggled to breathe, he jumped up and ____56____, screaming: “Ah! Ah! Ah!”‎ And yet he continued to eat the fruit. Some people who were looking at him shook their_____57_____ (head) and said, "You are crazy? Those are chili peppers (辣椒) ! You can't just eat them by the handful!”‎ The old man said to ____58____ (he), "I paid for them, so I must eat them."‎ This old man seemed pretty stupid. But are we so much smarter? All of us have _____59_____ (spend) money and time on something一maybe a relationship, or a business, or a job一and sometimes, even if we know there's no ‎ hope that things will change, we still continue with it.‎ What we can learn _______60_______ the old man is this: if you've lost a lot over something that doesn’t work, let it go and move on. It's better than continuing to lose.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】一个老人去了印度，买了一些红色的水果。当他吃了这种“水果”之后，他的嘴唇发烫，眼泪直流，脸也变得很红，原来他买的是辣椒。当人们都劝他不要再吃的时候，他不听，他觉得自己花钱买的，就要吃掉。通过讲述这个故事作者告诉我们：如果你在一些不成功的事情上失去了很多，那就让它过去，继续前进，总比继续输更好。‎ ‎51. cheapest 句意：最便宜的东西是一篮子红色的水果。cheap便宜的，是一个形容词。根据上句话When he got there, he saw some fruit for sale, but most of it was very cheap.可知，大多数水果都很便宜，这句话说的是其中最便宜的，故这里应填最高级cheapest。‎ ‎52. asked 句意：这个老人问：“多少钱一公斤？”ask问，是一个动词。根据文意可知，短文讲述的是发生在过去的一个故事，全文以一般过去时为主叙述，故这里应填过去式asked。‎ ‎53. so 句意：两卢比在印度几乎一文不值，因此这个老人买了整整一公斤，开始吃起来。根据两句话的意思可知，前一句话表示原因，后面这句话是结果，故这里填连词so，意为“因此，所以”。‎ ‎54. to burn/ burning 句意：然而，他一开始吃，他的嘴就开始发烫，他的眼睛也流出了眼泪，他的脸也变得像那个水果一样红。burn燃烧，发热，是一个动词。空began的原形是begin，意为“开始”，常用于句型begin to do sth.或者begin doing sth.“开始做某事”，因此这里应填to burn或者burning。‎ ‎55. as 句意：然而，他一开始吃，他的嘴就开始发烫，他的眼睛也流出了眼泪，他的脸也变得像那个水果一样红。根据句意可知，这里考查的是短语as…as…“和……一样”，故这里填as。‎ ‎56. dawn 句意：他咳嗽着，挣扎着呼吸，上下跳跃，尖叫这：“啊，啊，啊！”up and down上上下下，是一个固定短语，故这里应填down。‎ ‎57. heads 句意：看到他的一些人都摇着头说：“你疯了吗？”head头，是一个名词。根据句意Some people who were looking at him shook可知，这里指的是“一些人的头”，应该用复数，故填heads。‎ ‎58. himself 句意：这个老人自言自语说：“我花钱买的，所以我必须吃掉他们。”he是人称代词主格形式，意为“他”。根据句意可知，老人对自己说…，故这里应填反身代词himself。‎ ‎59. spent 句意：我们所有人都在某事上花费时间或金钱，或许是一段关系、一个事业或者是一份工作。spend花费，是一个动词。这一段是讲完了故事，给我们总结其中的哲理，应用现在时态。空前有have ‎，结合句意可知应用现在完成时，故这里填过去分词spent。‎ ‎60. from 句意：从这个老人身上我们学到的东西是：如果你在一些不成功的事情上失去了很多，那就让它过去，继续前进，总比继续输更好。根据句意可知，这里考查的是固定短语learn from…从……中学到。故应填from。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 这是一篇记叙文，通过讲述一个愚蠢的老人的故事，作者讲述一个道理。题型是语法填空，要求根据文意填写适当的单词，或者用所给单词的适当形式填空。做题时，应先通读短文，了解文章大意；然后根据上下文语境填写适当单词。给出单词的，应根据单词在句中的作用以及句中使用的句型，变化单词的适当形式。例如第55小题，根据句意可知，这里考查的是短语as…as…“和…一样”，表示同级比较，故这里填as。再如第57小题，head头，是一个名词。根据句意Some people who were looking at him shook可知，这里指的是“一些人的头”，应该用复数，故填heads。‎ Passage 8（2019 •浙江省金华、义乌、丽水市）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。‎ Do you play Ant Forest? It is ___46___online game on Alipay(支付宝). Players ___47___(collect) “energy” by doing something environmentally-friendly. They can grow and water ___48___(they) own “trees” with the “energy”. ___49___ the “trees” are big enough, Alipay with some other companies will plant real trees in the desert(沙漠) area of China. Every year millions of trees ___50___(plant) in this way.‎ This is part of China’s tree-planting program. It hopes ___51___(stop) the desert from becoming larger. Since 1978, China has planted over 66 billion trees ___52___ the north. It is known as “the Great Green Wall”. For example, Saihanba in Hebei Province was once a desert, ___53___ now it has become the biggest man-made forest in China.‎ ‎“China is making the world much ___54___(green) than before. It sets a good example and has many ___55___(lesson) to share with the world,” said the United Nations Environment Program.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】本文讲述了一个关于支付宝的在线游戏——Ant Forest游戏。玩家通过做一些环保的事情来收集"能量"。他们可以用“能量”来生长和浇灌自己的“树”。当“树”足够大时，支付宝和其他一些公司将在中国沙漠地区种植真正的树木。每年都有数以百万计的树木以这种方式种植。这是中国植树计划的一部分，它希望阻止沙漠变大。‎ ‎46. an 考查冠词。根据It is __46__online game on Alipay(支付宝).可知此处应填不定冠词an，an 用于元音因素开头的单词前，句意是：这是支付宝上的一个网上游戏；故答案填an。‎ ‎47. collect 考查一般现在时。根据上下文结合语境可知句子时态用一般现在时，主语Players是复数，所以谓语动词用原形，句意是：玩家通过做一些环保的事情来收集"能量"；故答案填collect。‎ ‎48. their 考查物主代词。根据后面的own "trees"可知此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their；句意是：他们可以用“能量”来种植和浇灌自己的“树”；故答案填their。‎ ‎49. When 考查连词。根据__49__ the “trees” are big enough, Alipay with some other companies will plant real trees in the desert(沙漠) area of China.可知本句是when引导的时间状语从句，句意是：当“树”足够大时，支付宝和其他一些公司将在中国沙漠地区种植真正的树木；故答案填When。‎ ‎50. are planted 考查被动语态。根据Every year millions of trees__50__(plant) in this way.可知本句主语trees和动词plant之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，由Every year可知用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为：am/is/are+动词的过去分词，主语是复数，be动词用are，plant的过去分词是planted；句意是：每年都有数以百万计的树木以这种方式种植；故答案填are planted。‎ ‎51. to stop 考查动词不定式。hope to do sth希望做某事，句意是：它希望阻止沙漠变大；故答案填to stop。‎ ‎52. in 考查介词。in the north在北方，句意是：自1978年以来，中国在北方种植了660多亿棵树；故答案填in。‎ ‎53. but 考查连词。根据Saihanba in Hebei Province was once a desert, ___53___ now it has become the biggest man-made forest in China.可知前后句之间是转折关系，句意是：河北塞罕坝曾经是一片沙漠，但现在它已成为中国最大的人工林；故答案填but。‎ ‎54. greener 考查比较级。根据后面的than before，可知此处应用比较级形式，green“绿色的”，其比较级是greener；句意是：中国正在使世界变得比以前更绿；故答案填greener。‎ ‎55. lessons 考查名词复数。many“许多”，修饰名词复数，句意是：它树立了一个很好的榜样，有许多经验教训可以与世界分享；故答案填lessons。‎ ‎【点睛】‎ 本题为短文填空，首先要快速浏览全文，理解短文的大致意思，再精读短文注意所填的词在句中的词性、时态等等。然后根据句意、上下文联系、语境及所给出的单词提示，填写合适的词语。如，第3小题，根据后面的own "trees"可知此处应填形容词性物主代词修饰名词，they的形容词性物主代词是their；句意是：他们可以用“能量”来种植和浇灌自己的“树”；故答案填their。第10小题，提示词lesson 意为“教训、课”，可数名词；many“许多”，修饰名词复数，句意是：它树立了一个很好的榜样，有许多经验教训可以与世界分享；故答案填lessons。‎ Passage 9（2019 •济宁）‎ As we all know, Wang Xuan was a very famous computer scientist and inventor in the world. He is famous ____24____the Chinese Language Laser typesetting (激光照排系统)，‎ Laser typesetting for Chinese language was a serious problem for scientists all over the world. But Wang Xuan was not afraid to try new technology. Although he___25___ (fail) many times, he never gave up. He is believed to be the ___26___ (important) developer in printing Chinese after Bi Sheng. Now, Wang Xuan's amazing invention ___27___ (use) all over the world.‎ Wang Xuan's story teaches us that a person ___28___ (follow) him own dream and try his best to make it come true.‎ ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】文章介绍了中国的电脑科学家和发明家——王选，以及他发明的激光照排系统。‎ ‎24. for 句意：他因中国汉字激光照排系统而著名。根据句意可是be famous for因……而著名，故填for。‎ ‎25. had failed 句意：尽管他失败了许多次。根据激光照排系统已经发明出来，失败在发明出来之前，所以用过去完成时态，结构是had+过去分词，故填had failed。‎ ‎26. most important 句意：他被认为是毕昇之后在汉字印刷术上最重要的开创者。根据in printing Chinese after Bi Sheng.可知用最高级，故填most important。‎ ‎27. is used 句意：王选的惊人的发明被全世界使用。根据invention 和use之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态，根据now可知用一般现在时态，根据主语 invention 单数，所以用is，故填is used。‎ ‎28. should follow 句意：王选的故事告诉我们一个人应该追随他的梦想，尽最大努力让它实现。根据句意可知是应该追随，should应该，情态动词，后用动词原形，故填should follow。‎ Passage 10（2019 •湖北省黄冈市）‎ 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（提示：每空不超 过三个单词）‎ Dear Laura,‎ Thanks for your message. Yes, I’m having a great time on my exchange program in France. I was a bit nervous before I arrived here, but there was no reason to be. My host family is really nice.‎ They go out of their way_____45_____(make) me feel at home. The grandmother has a teenage granddaughter about my age ____46____ is really kind. She always talks to me in French to help me practice. And you wouldn’t believe how quickly my French has____47____(improve)! I'm very comfortable speaking French now. ____48____I still make lots of mistakes, it doesn’t worry me as it used to.‎ My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. ____49____ you can imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home. For example, you shouldn’t put your bread on your plate. You___50___ ( suppose) to put it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange at first, but now I’m used to it. You shouldn’t eat_____51_____( something) with your hands except bread, not even fruit. You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork. Another thing is that it is very____52____(polite) to say you're full. If you don't want any more food, you should just say, “It was delicious.” Also, you shouldn't put your elbows on the table. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything, but I’m____53____( gradual) getting used to it. I don’t find French customs so strange any more.‎ Dear Laura, I’ll write again soon and tell you more about my life in France. Hope you are having _____54_____ good school year.‎ Yours,‎ Lin Yue ‎【答案与解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了作为一名交换生，作者在法国的寄宿家庭的亲身感受。文章介绍了在法国，他们想方设法让我有宾至如归的感觉。祖母有一个和我差不多大的一个孙女，她真的很善良。他们用法语与我交流，这使得我的法语进步很快！接下来介绍了法国的风俗礼仪。首先，面包不应该放在盘子里，应该把它放在桌子上！其次，不应该用手吃任何东西，除了面包，甚至水果。第三，说“吃饱了”是很不礼貌的。应该说，“它很好吃。”‎ ‎45. to make 句意：他们想方设法让我有宾至如归的感觉。本题用动词不定式来做go out of their way的目的，语境是：他们想方设法让我有宾至如归的感觉。故答案为：to make。‎ ‎46. who/that ‎ 句意：祖母有一个和我差不多大的一个孙女，她真的很善良。本题考查定语从句，先行词是granddaughter，指人的，因此引导词可以用who或that。故答案为：who/that。‎ ‎47. improved 句意：你不会相信我的法语进步有多快！结合语境：我的法语进步有多快！可知，该题的时态应该用现在完成时，其结构是：助动词has/have+动词的过去分词。improve的过去分词为improved。所以答案为：improved。‎ ‎48. Although／Though 句意：虽然我还是犯了很多错误，但它不像以前那样困扰我。句子I still make lots of mistakes,和it doesn’t worry me as it used to.之间存在着转折关系，因此填：although／though；句子开头，首字母要大写。故答案为：Although／Though。‎ ‎49. As 句意：正如你所想的，事情确实跟在家里的时候完全不同。结合语境可知，本题填：as；as you can imagine为定语从句，as为imagine的宾语。意为：正如，就像。首字母要大写。故答案为：As。‎ ‎50. are supposed 句意：你应该把它放在桌子上！根据For example, you shouldn’t put your bread on your plate. 例如，你不应该把面包放在盘子里。可知，下文是：你应该把它放在桌子上！本题考查be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事。因为主语是You，因此谓语用are。故答案为：are supposed。‎ ‎51. anything 句意：你不应该用手吃任何东西，除了面包，甚至水果。由shouldn’t可知，本题是否定句，因此应该用anything；something用于肯定句中。故答案为：anything。‎ ‎52. impolite 句意：另一件事是：说你吃饱了是很不礼貌的。根据If you don't want any more food, you should just say, “It was delicious.” 如果你不想要更多的食物，你应该说，“它很好吃。”可知，这句话是“吃饱了”的委婉表达，因此说“我吃饱了”是不礼貌的。故答案填：impolite。‎ ‎53. gradually 句意：我不得不说，我觉得很难记住每件事，但我逐渐习惯了。短语getting used to“逐渐习惯了”是动词短语，因此前面用副词来修饰，gradual的副词为gradually。所以答案为：gradually。‎ ‎54. a 句意：希望你有一个好的学年。have a good school year，这是祝福语：祝你学年愉快！所以答案为a。‎