河南专用2020版中考英语语法过关专题三冠词课件人教新目标版 25页

专题三　冠词 考点一　不定冠词及定冠词 考点突破 考点二　零冠词 考点一　不定冠词及定冠词 考点突破 用法 例子 在叙述时用于第一次提到的人或物前 This is a book. 指人或事物的某一类别,以区别于其他种类 A plane is a machine that can fly. 泛指某人或某物 A young man is waiting for you. 用在某些物质名词和抽象名词前,表示“一阵、一份、一类、一场”等 There ' ll be a strong wind in South China. 用于可视为一个整体的两个名词前 a knife and fork “a+序数词”表示“又一,再一” The cake is delicious and I would like a second one. 用于表明比率、速度、价格,有“每一”的意思 He was driving 50 miles an hour. 1.不定冠词(a,an)的基本用法 2.不定冠词a,an的区别 注意: ①判断是用a还是an,要看冠词是在辅音前还是在元音前,而不是看它是在辅音 字母前还是在元音字母前。如:Li Ming is an honest boy.honest的音标为/ˈɒn ɪst/,开头的音素为/ɒ/,故用an。There is an“f”in the word“five”.字母“f” 的音标为/ef/,开头的音素为/e/,故用an。所以我们可以这样记忆:不见元音不加 an,不看字母看发音。 a用在读音以辅音开头的单词前 a teacher,a good student an用在读音以元音开头的单词前 an apple tree,an interesting story ②在26个字母中,前面用an的字母有:a,e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x,其他用a。 ③要注意区别以“u”开头的单词:当“u”发/ʌ/音时前面用an,如an umbrella, an unusual story,an unhappy boy;当“u”发/juː/音时前用a,如a university,a use- ful book。 3.含有不定冠词的常见固定词组 a few/little/bit一点儿;have a swim/walk/talk/look/dance/drink/rest游泳/散步/谈话/ 看一看/跳舞/喝点东西/休息;have a cold感冒;have a good time玩得高兴;in a hur- ry匆忙;for a while一会儿;keep a diary记日记;do sb.a favor帮助某人。 4.定冠词the的基本用法 用法 例子 用在单数可数名词前表一类人或事物 The orange is orange. 与某些形容词连用表一类人 We should help the old. 用于江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠等专有名词前,或由普通名词构成的专有名词之前 the Great Wall,the Summer Palace 用于说明某人演奏的乐器 I like playing the piano. 用于某个年代或世纪之前 the 1930s 记忆口诀:特指双方知,上文已提及,世上独无二,序数最高级,年代姓复数,类 指奏乐器。 常用固定搭配: in the evening在晚上　in the daytime在白天 in the end最后　on the right在右边 at the same time同时　by the way顺便说一下 the next morning第二天早晨 in the front of在 …… 的前面 考点二　零冠词 零冠词 1.下列情况不用冠词 不可数名词和复数名词表泛指时 Animals can ' t live without water. Horses are helpful animals. 专有名词(如人名、地名、国家名等)、物质名词和抽象名词前 China is a great country. Mary lives in New York. Paper is made from wood. 名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词、限定词或名词所有格等时 Every student likes English in our class. 在称呼或表示头衔的名词前 This is Professor Li. 在三餐、球类运动及学科名词之前 I went to school without breakfast this morning. He often plays football after school. 由“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街名、路名、山名等的词组前 Nanjing Road Hainan Island by与交通工具名称连用时 by car　by train 在节假日前 Children ' s Day　Women ' s Day 2.在某些固定词组和习惯用语中,不用冠词 day by day(一天天);face to face(面对面);side by side(肩并肩);hand in hand(手拉 手);from beginning to end(自始至终);day and night(日日夜夜);husband and wife (夫妻);at home 在家;by mistake 错误地;learn by heart 背诵;in sight看得见;at first 起初;at last最后;at once 立刻;by way of经由;at noon 在中午;at work在工作;on time准时;in surprise 惊奇地;at night 在晚上;on foot 步行;on business因公出差;on holiday 在度假;in class在课堂上;on show展览;go home回家;for example 例如; go shopping/swimming/boating/fishing 去买东西/游泳/划船/钓鱼 3.有定冠词和无定冠词的区别 (1)   (2)   (3)   (4)   (5)   (6)   (7)   一、单句填空 1.(2019河南)—Judy, how was     the     camping? —The other campers were nice, and we had     a     fun time together. 2.(2019天津)I am going to have     a     picnic on Sunday. 3.(2019重庆)One of his daughters became     an     English teacher last August. 4.(2019广东)     The     Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world. 5.(2019新疆)—Is that     a     post office? —No, it ' s     an     old library. 中考题组 6.(2019黑龙江哈尔滨)—Mum, I ' m going on a picnic with my friends today. —Have     a     good day. 7.(2019吉林)There is     a     map of China on the wall in my bedroom. 8.(2019贵州铜仁)China is     an     Asian country while England is     a     European country. 9.(2019甘肃兰州)Hide-and-seek is     an     interesting game for children. 10.(2019广西南宁)I usually have     an     egg and some bread for breakfast. 11.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特)We usually go swimming in     /     summer. But in     the     summer of 2018, we didn ' t. 12.(2019山东青岛)Qingdao is a beautiful city that lies in     the     east of China. 13.(2019浙江温州)—Peter, shall we go for a picnic this Sunday? —OK. Let ' s add it to     the     weekend plan. 14.(2018河南)—Are you going to     the     football match tonight? —I wish I could, but I ' m meeting     a     VIP from Oklahoma. 15.(2018天津)There is     an     old piano in     the     corner of the living room. 16.(2018上海)Hurry up! The concert will begin in     a     minute. 17.(2018重庆)I had     an     egg and some milk for breakfast this morning. 18.(2018广东)     A     new study says that going to bed late is harmful to our health. 19.(2018山东潍坊)To prepare for     the     trip to LA, Betty is making     a     list of things to take along. 20.(2017河南)—When will     the     car race begin? —I ' m not sure. Maybe next week, or maybe     the     week after next. 二、语篇填空 (2020河南中考预测) 阅读短文,从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空,使短文通顺、意思完 整。每空限填一词,每词限用一次。 like, important, get, down, something, rule, organize, while, this, proper Liu Hao, 13, used to be addicted(上瘾的) to playing with his cellphone. He spent nearly all of his free time on it. As a result, his grades went 　1     . Now Liu has got away from his addiction, but he still feels lost. “It ' s like 　2     is missing without my cellphone,” he said. Technology is a double-edged sword(双刃剑). Smartphones can make our lives more convenient, but they can also cause problems among people. Some schools have set strict 　3     to stop students from using their smartphones too much. However, Sun Zheng, a 14-year-old who studies at Hefei No. 50 Middle School, thinks electronic products 　4     smartphones are an important part of students ' life. In his class, students are asked to upload their math homework on QQ or WeChat. “I also enjoy watching online classes and 　5     information using my smartphone,” Sun added. Many students use apps on their smartphones to help them with their schoolwork. Maybe the best way to solve the problem is to teach kids to use their smartphones 　6     . For example, Liu and his classmates have agreed to some rules of smart- phone use. “We agreed to put away our phones 　7     studying, ask our parents before using them and only play with them for a few minutes,” Liu said. More 　8     , spending time enjoying the “real world” can prevent smartphone addiction, according to Zhang Lin, a 14-year-old at Hangzhou Huixing Middle School. “Painting, badminton, climbing, riding bikes..., and 　9     fun activities make me forget about my smartphone,” she said. “Maybe schools and parents can 　10     more activities for kids to enjoy instead of just stopping smart- phones.” 1.     down     　2.     something     　3.     rules     　4.     like     　5.     getting     6.     properly     　7.     while     　8.     importantly     　9.     these     10.     organize     一、单句填空 1.(2019河南郑州一模)—What do you think of 　 the    British cartoon Peppa Pig ? —It ' s wonderful. Many kids take 　an     interest in it. 2.(2019河南省实验中学一模)—Is it 　the     story you told to your class last night? —Yes, don ' t you think it is 　a     touching and wonderful one? 3.(2019河南新乡一模)I want to see Operation Red Sea 　a     second time because it is quite 　a     wonderful movie. 4.(2019河南洛阳一模)—Daisy, how do you like 　the     movie called The Wander - 模拟题组 ing Earth ? —Wow! It ' s really 　a     movie which makes people think a lot. 5.(2019河南开封一模)—Little Bob, 　a     one-year-old baby,can play 　the     vi- olin. Is it amazing? —Yes. It is almost impossible! 6.(2019河南焦作一模)The invention of 　the     bicycle is a great one to the world. I like going to work on 　a     bike. 7.(2019河南平顶山一模)—This is 　the     book we ' ve read several times. —Wonderful! I ' ve never read 　a     more interesting one. 8.(2019河南许昌一模)—Alex is 　an     honest boy, and he is also kind. —Yes, he always volunteers to help 　the     disabled. 9.(2019河南商丘一模)—How about 　the     Christmas evening party? —I should say it was 　a     success. 10.(2019河大附中一模)Nowadays,WeChat Payment has been 　a     more popular payment way among the young people.What ' s more, 　the     number of people us- ing it is increasing rapidly. 11.(2019河南郑州二模)I can ' t tell you 　the     way to the Zhang ' s because we don ' t have 　a     Zhang here. 12.(2018河南新乡一模)—Look!There is 　a     backpack lying on the ground over there.Whose is it? —I think it must be Allen ' s.I remember he has one like this. 13.(2018河南安阳一模)—Yang Kezhang got 　the     award of Touching China 2017 . —Yes,he saved 　a     2 - year - old girl in the fire,but he lost his own life instead. 14.(2018河南焦作一模)—It seems to be clearing.It ' s 　a     nice change. —I really don ' t hope 　the     weather like that will last. 15.(2018河南平顶山一模)—What do you usually take with you in England? —I always take 　an     umbrella with me and 　the     umbrella is very useful. 16.(2018河南郑州一模)With 　the     development of science and technology, China has entered 　a     new era(时代). 17.(2018河南洛阳二模)—Have you ever seen 　the     film Amazing China ? —Yes.It is 　a     fantastic film.I want to see it again. 二、语篇填空 (2020河南中考原创) 阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。 In a faraway place, there was a village. The village was rich in potatoes 　1     anywhere else in the country. At the end of every growing season, thousands of potatoes were dug out of the ground, and readied for the market. In each home, men and women 　2     busily divide the potatoes into three groups, large, medium and small. One year, there was a young man who received his share of the potatoes. As the other villagers were working, he walked around the village laughing and talking.     3     villagers thought he was lazy, and they worried that this man would never get his potatoes ready on time. When it was time for the villagers to go to the market, they were greatly surprised to find that the man ' s potatoes were divided perfectly into three groups. After asking the man how he did it, they understood he was not lazy, 　4     very clever. He had put all his potatoes in a cart and pulled it along the village ' s rough (高低不平的) dirt road. As the cart moved up and down,the potatoes moved too. The small potatoes moved to the bottom, the larger potatoes rose to the top and the medium potatoes rested 　5     the middle. Life is like this too. The rough roads we travel along can also help us. 1. 　than     　2. 　would     　3. 　The     　4. 　but     　5. 　in