2020中考英语作文高分技巧+中考英语作文满分五要素,精品复习大全，高分必备 312页

将过程变得美丽 让结果更加辉煌 —— 中考英语书面表达应对技巧 书面表达题的命题趋势大体可归纳如下 ： 1. 性质 都是指导性写作 (Guided composition), 考生要根据所给的情景材料和信息在限定时间内 ( 一般为 30 分钟 ) 完成限定字数 ( 一般为 80--100 词左右 ) 的书面材料； 2. 体裁 多为应用文 ( 书信、 e-mail 、留言板 ) 、记叙文 ( 看图作文、提示作文 ) 3. 方式 有：图片信息、文字信息。由此可见 , 文字提示是近几年书面表达的重点。 4. 内容 一般为学生所 熟悉的校园和家庭生活，以及初中课本中对话和课文所描述过的活动、经历等 , 有的甚至给出内容要点，以免考生遗漏。有的书面表达题甚至将开头写好了 , 以便考生能很快地进入角色 , 故考生不可将开头放在一旁，不予理睬。 5. 题目 不会太难 。 中考英语作文评分标准 满分档（ 15 分）：长度符合要求（ 80-90 字），书写规范，涵盖所有要 点，结构规范，条理清楚，逻辑严密，词汇丰富，没有任何语法错误。 第五档（ 12-14 分）：文本长度符合要求，书写规范，涵盖所有要点，结 构规范，条理清楚，逻辑严密，词汇比较丰富有少量语法错误。 第四档（ 9-11 分）：文本长度符合要求，书写规范，基本涵盖要点（有 2 要点得给 9-10 分），行文比较连贯，词汇不够丰富，有一些语法错误。 第三档 (6-8 分 ) ：文本长度与要求有明显距离，书写不规范，要点不完整 （只有 1 个要点），行文不连贯，词汇量不足，错误较多，勉强能看出作文意图。 第二档（ 3-5 分）：能用句子表达，错误百出，只能勉强猜测出作文意图。 第一档（ 0-2 分）：有一些英语单词，但与话题毫不相干。 （白卷 0 分） 初中生写作 “现状” 2 初中生写作 “六大病症”： 1) 审题不清，抓不住要点，东拉西扯； 2) 单词拼写错误； frist , belive , ture , buzy , quite & quiet … 3) 动词缺失； Eg : I happy I can go to Peking. 4 ）前后不一致（数、人称、时态、主谓不一致等） Eg : All people have their own dream. He said he wants to have a good rest. 5 ）中式英语（ Chinglish ） Eg : I very like sports. 6 ) 综合性错误。 包括 单词大小写 、 标点符号 以及 形容词副词 的混淆、连词的缺失误用、句子结构不完整 等。 英语作文失分原因 1. 书写潦草，卷面不整洁 2. 前后时态不一致 3. 人称代词使用混乱 4. 单词拼写错误较低级 5. 写作不成句子 6. 基本语言知识错误较多 7. 逻辑性不强或缺乏逻辑性 作 文 步 骤 分 —— 找 —— 译 —— 调 —— 连 分析：题材、 体裁 找出：关键内容 翻译成： 英文 调整：句式、顺序 连接：添加连接词 中考英语高分作文的特点 1 、开头言简意赅，不啰嗦，不偏题，迅速引入主题。 2 、段与段之间，自然过渡。有合适的连接词。 3 、句与句之间，有恰当的连接词，使之自然成一体。 4 、全文中同一个意思，基本没有重复使用某一个词、短语或者句型等，说明这个同学的词汇量不同寻常。老师自然就对该作文有好感了。 5 、能够恰当使用谚语、格言等给文章添彩。 二、中考英语高分作文的特点 6 、书写工整，书面整洁，很少有涂改痕迹。 7 、分段合理。全文分段一般不止一个自然段，让阅卷老师很容易就能找到作文所要求写的要点和重要句子。 8 、要点齐全。 9 、首尾呼应，自然成一体。　 10 、使用了大量的高级词汇和句型。阅卷老师一看就知道这个同学的功底非不一般，自然就给打高分了。 中考英语写作高分“秘笈” 要点齐全 过渡自然 首尾相呼 分段提行 连词增色 名句添光 长短得当 高分有望 如何检查      （ 1 ）信息点是否齐全？      （ 2 ）单词是否有拼写错误？      （ 3 ）时态、语态、主谓一致，名词单 复数，词组搭配是否有误？      （ 4 ）字数是否符合要求？      （ 5 ）标点符号是否规范，清晰等。 英语写作中用好“四心” 1. 精心 审题，沉着写稿 2. 耐心 修改，提炼句子 3. 细心 检查 , 消灭错误 4. 虚心 抄写，一丝不苟。 中考英语作文考点分析 写作能力是语言能力的综合体现，它包括学生的词汇、语法、惯用法等语言知识，还包括学生对文章的构思、组织、表达以及传递信息和解决实际问题的语言交际能力，它能准确全面反映学生的实际语言水平。近年来写作在中考试卷中的比重逐年加大，并对考生提出了更高的要求。英语写作要注意以下两点。 一、 正确审题， 纲举目张 审题要做到弄清题目的要求、写作的意图，抓住要点，确定体裁，拟写提纲，确定所要表达的内容要点。因提供情景的形式不同，所以写作的要求也不同。 二、准确用词，言表意达 1 、遣词造句要准确。 Eg: 地球正处于危险之中 The earth is dangerous The earth is in danger 玩电脑游戏 P lay with computer games Play computer games 2. 人称、主要时态要固定。 人称和时态不固定会造成人物关系混乱和时间顺序颠三倒四，为了保证文章层次分明、条理清楚，在确定了文体后就要把人称和时态定下来。如写人和写事一般用过去时写，为了避免把握不准时态，可以在文章的开头加上 yesterday 、 last week 、 two days ago 等表示过去的时间状语。人称通常用 “ 我 ” 或 “ 他 ” 来写比较好叙述，而且从头至尾时态和人称要一致，不能随意改动，以免造成混乱。 3 、避免使用自己无把握的词 为了使自己的文章一鸣惊人，不愿意使用熟悉的常用词，而片面追求一些生冷的词汇 Eg: 他没能和朋友联系上 He failed to keep in touch with his friend. disenable “ 使不能够 ” 4 、注意两种语言的异同性。 把书忘在家里 l eave a book at home forget a book at home 5 、注意文采和逻辑结构 文章不是单词的堆砌，也不是简单句的罗列，既然是文章就理所当然的要考虑到文采。有些同学怕出错，只写短语和简单句，写出的文章过于幼稚、空洞和贫乏，要使文章言之有物、有血有肉，就要把平时学的知识用上去，如从句、非谓语动词和比较等句式，关键时刻用上一两个，就会起到鹤立鸡群的效果，使文章增色不少 ; 再如对高级词汇的使用也可以显示出文章的文采。 very important 较平常，但用 essential 就显得高出一筹 ;helpful 用 of great help ， finally 用 eventually ， dirty water 用专业词汇 sewage 等。关联词如 now …… that ， not …… but 等的使用，会使文章逻辑结构紧密，层次鲜明，条理清楚，就更加显示出你的英文功底，但要做到这些并非一日之功，要靠平时的训练和不断积累。 1. 你所表达的内容是否与中文提供的情景一致，是否达意。 2. 单词拼写错误，语法时态及句子结构错误是否影响了内容的准确性。 3. 扩展部分的逻辑推理是否与所提供的中文情景相关，所用语言是否准确的表达了你的思想。 4. 能否使用恰当的关联词或者复合句使文段内容完整，逻辑合理，结构正确。 5. 是否注意了必要的造句技巧，句子开头大写及句尾的标点符号。 6. 卷面是否整洁。 因此，写作高分不是以高级词汇及从句的堆积取得的。而是由合理的逻辑思维能力，熟练运用英文基础词汇及语法准确表达思想的能力，以及基础写作技巧的运用能力得到的。 该文章转载自无忧考网： http://www.51test.net 英文写作怎么得高分 中考英语作文满分五要素 满分作文五要素是哪五要素？ 1. 要点 2. 结构 3. 逻辑 4. 语法 5. 亮点 1. 要点 要点要全面，懂得详略得当 Mary 在学校参加了一个 Buddy Club ，从那以后，她改变了很多。请结合下面所给的提示，写一篇英语短文。 In the past Now Personalities shy, quiet, get nervous easily brave, outgoing... Hobbies reading reading, singing... Abilities good at dancing, singing 2. 结构 结构清晰，一般为 “ 总 -- 分 -- 总 ” 结构 以议论文为例： 第一段：开门见山，表明观点； 第二段：论证，举例说明； 第三段：提出希望或建议。 3. 逻辑（过度词） 表顺序关系： first of all, secondly, then, finally, in the end, at last; 表并列补充关系： what is more, besides, furthermore, in addition; 表转折对比关系： however, on the contrary, but; Although+clause; 表因果关系： because, as, so, thus, therefore, as a result 换一种关系表达： in other words; 举例说明： For example, for instance, such as; 表达自己的观点： as far as I know, in my opinion; 表总结： in short, in a word, in clusion, in summary. 4. 语法 避免出现语法错误，如时态误用、单词拼写错误、主谓不一致等。 例子： 1. We live more and more comfortable. (comfortably) 2. We can get many information by reading newspapers (much) 3. There is many programs on TV. (are) 5. 亮点 注意词汇、短语、句型的多样性，如表示漂亮的词有： beautiful, good-looking, attractive, charming, catching... 满分作文范文 为了进一步增强中学生的安全意识，提高自我保护能力，某校开展了以 “ 安全 ” 为主题的英语演讲比赛。请你根据以下要点提示写一篇演讲稿。 要点： 1. 慎重交友； 2. 预先报警； 3. 安全饮食； 4. 其他（ 1-2 点） 注意： 1. 内容必须包括所给的全部要点，可适当发挥； 2. 表达清楚，语句通顺，意思连贯，书写规范； 3. 词数 80 左右文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇： be careful, on line, danger, call...for, go bad How to Keep Safe ? As teenagers we should always keep safety in mind . But how can we keep safe ? Here are some of my suggestions. First , we should be careful when we make friends , especially on line. Second , if we are in danger, we must call the police for help in time so that we can keep ourselves safe . Also , we ought to eat healthily and safely . Eating food that goes bad will do harm to our health. Last but not least, summer is coming, and we must remember it's dangerous to swim in the river. In short, safety must come first! Thank you. Writing Writing Writing English Day! Let’s practice speaking and writing English! Writing is as important as speaking! Writing 书面表达 中考考点要求： 根据中文提示，写一篇60-70字左右的英文表达。 内容完整，用词准确，句子通顺、连贯、单词拼写和 标点符号 正确，书写工整。 书面表达（ writing) 翻译（ Put the sentences into English) Writing skills: 1. 判断时态。（根据所提示的时间状语，判断句子或整篇文段的时态。） 2 . 长句变短句。 3 . 破解难句。 4 . 注意复合句的使用 。 5. 注意中英文表达的差异。 1 ）按英文的表达断句 , 并添加所缺部分。 2 ）正确使用英文主动句子与被动句子。 3 ）按英文句子语法顺序翻译。 Writing steps: 1.浏览一遍短文，了解全文意思，判断时态 , 注好中文的断句记号。 2.写好草稿（如果时间允许的话） , 然后再抄到卷面上。 3.检查。（检查标点符号，字母大小写，单词拼写是否正确，语句是否通顺， 是否遗漏要点 。） Peter 出生于英国，去年来到中国的一所中学教英语。有一天，在他回家的路上 , 遇见他的中国朋友李雷，李雷告诉 Peter 他住在哪儿， 并 邀请他去家里吃晚饭。 Peter 很高兴，因为他很喜欢吃中国菜 。 Peter 出生于英国。 2. 去年 他 来到中国 ，并在 一所中学教英语。 3. 有一天 , 在他回家的路上 , Peter 正好遇见他的 中国朋友李雷。 4. 李雷告诉 Peter 他住在哪儿。 5. 然后他 邀请他去家里吃晚饭。 6. Peter 很高兴，因为他很喜欢吃中国菜 。 One possible version: Peter was born in England. Last year, he came to China and taught English in a middle school. One day, on his way home, Peter met his Chinese friend, Li Lei. Li Lei told him where he lived . Then he invited Peter to his home for supper . Peter was very happy because he liked Chinese food very much. 我是个中学生 , 对电脑特别感兴趣, 一放学回家就开电脑，有时玩游戏，有时上网和朋友聊天，有时给朋友发电子邮件。尽管我喜欢玩电脑，但我父母阻止我这样做，他们认为我在电脑上花太多时间。于是我在晚上做完作业后才玩一会儿电脑。 1. 我是个中学生 。 2. 我 对电脑特别感兴趣。 3. 我 一放学回家 我 就开电脑。 4. 我 有时玩游戏 , 有时上网和朋友聊天 , 有时给朋友发电子邮件。 5. 尽管我喜欢电脑， 但我父母阻止我这样做。 6.他们认为我在电脑上花太多时间。 7 . 于是 我 在 晚上做完作业 后 才玩一会儿电脑。 One possible version: I’ m a middle school student, and I am interested in the computer. I turn on the computer as soon as I get home every day. Sometimes I play computer games, talk with my friends on the Internet or send e-mails to them. Though I like it very much, my parents stop me from doing that. They think I spend too much time on the computer. So I only play it for a short time after I finish my homework in the evening. A ： Peter 出生于英国，去年来到中 国的一所中学教英语。 Peter was born Britain . Last year, he came to China . He taught English in a Middle school. A . 一次交通事故使他不能像平常那样走路了。 He can’t walk as usual because of a traffic accident. He can’t walk as usual after a traffic accident. A : Peter 很高兴，因为他很喜欢吃中国菜 。 Peter is very happy because he likes Chinese food very much . Please don’t say: Because Peter likes Chinese food, so he is very happy. A . 有一天，在他回家的路上 , 遇见他的中国朋友李雷，李雷告诉他住在哪儿， 并 邀请他去家里吃晚饭。 One day, on his way home, he met his Chinese friend, Li Lei . Li Lei told him where he lived . Then Li Lei invited him to his home for supper . 1 ）有一天，在他回家的路上 , 他 遇见他的 中国朋友李雷 。 2 ）李雷告诉他住在哪里 。 3 ） 然后李雷 邀请他去家里吃晚饭 。 A : 我校建于 2001 年。 B ： 佛山建起了很多高楼。 My school was built in 2001. Please don’t write: My school built in 2001. Many tall buildings were built in Foshan. A ：他很喜欢中国菜。 He likes Chinese food very much. Please don’t write: He is very like Chinese food. A ：我问他： “ 发生什么事了？ ” B ：老师对我说： “下周请准时到校！” I asked him: “What happened?” I asked him what happened. The teacher said to me, “Please come to school on time next week.” The teacher told me to come to school on time next week. Thank you ! 1 2 3 4 5 6 Writing Leaving school （毕业时分） Growing pains and gains （成长的烦恼与欢乐） I have a dream （我有一个梦想） Things I hate to do （我不喜欢。。。） Love around me （我身边的爱 ) I want to do something for my school( 我为学校做件事） I’m proud of myself （我为自己感到自豪） 与生活相关 与“我”相关 Write at least 60 words about the topic "The best way to make me happy". ( 以“最能使我快乐的方法”为题，写一篇不少于 60 个词的短文，标点符号不占格 ) The following points are for your reference: ( 所给提示仅供参考 ) 1. What are the ways to make you happy? 2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy? 3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons) 内容（ 7 分） + 语言（ 8 分） + 文采（ 3 分） 一、认真审题，结构合理 * 写什么 ( 题目，参考问题） What should we write about? What shouldn ’ t we (only) write about? Free talk 1. My school life 2. My dream teacher 3. The thing I hate to do 4. My opinions of keeping pet dogs 5.The best way to make me happy 内容（ 7 分） + 语言（ 8 分） + 文采（ 3 分） 一、认真审题，结构合理 * 写什么 ( 题目，参考问题） Write at least 60 words about the topic "The best way to make me happy". The following points are for your reference: ( 所给提示仅供参考 ) 1. What are the ways to make you happy? 2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy? 3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons) The best way to make me happy is achieving good marks. I think this way is the best one to make me happy because it is the easiest ways and it can improve my ability so I think it is the best way. In this way, I can get some prizes, so I will feel happy, what’s more it can also make my parents happy. The following points are for your reference: ( 所给提示仅供参考 ) 1. What are the ways to make you happy? 2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy? 3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons) 内容不全 there are a lot of ways to make me happy. The best way to make me happy is to play basketball. To play computer games is also a way to make me happy. Everyday we have PE lesson. These are a lot of interests in it. So I feel happy in this way. The following points are for your reference: ( 所给提示仅供参考 ) 1. What are the ways to make you happy? 2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy? 3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons) 内容不全 the best way to make me happy is to help another. When I feel sad, I can help another, because I hope the others happy. I can help old people cross the road and play with small children. In this way I feel another happy, then I also will happy. Help others not only make me happy, but also make others happy. The following points are for your reference: ( 所给提示仅供参考 ) 1. What are the ways to make you happy? 2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy? 3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons) 内容不全 The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays. What do you think of this article? 内容不全 1. What was the thing you did in the winter holidays ? (1 ’ ) 2. Give some descriptions about it, such as where/when/how /who, etc. (4 ’ ) 3. Why do you think it ’ s the most unforgettable thing you did? (2 ’ ) The winter holidays are one of the most exciting holidays in the year. The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays is making a birthday cake with my mother on my birthday. My mother bought the things we needed from the supermarket. We mixed the flour and eggs, then added some special things to make the cake soft. Finally, we put it into the oven. I shared the cake with my family members. It was really delicious. I will never forget that day. 内容得分 5 ’ My spoken English used to be very poor. I tried to improve it, but failed . So I told it to my English teacher and wished him to give me some advice . He told me that I could improve my spoken English by speaking more English. He said, ‘ The more you practice speaking English, the more progress you will make. ’ Then I followed his advice and spoke as much English as possible. At last , my spoken English improved . My trouble What is missed in this article? What was your trouble in your study ? (2 ’ ) How did you face the trouble ? (3 ’ ) How did you feel after solving it ? (2 ’ ) 内容得分 5 ’ The environment is important to us all. We need fresh air, clean water and so on. There used to be many trees around us, the air was fresh and the river was clean, but now they disappeared for one reason or another and were replaced by dirty water and polluted air. Because of the terrible pollution, people ’ s health is getting worse and worse. What ’ s more, the green house effect is changing our climate, which may lead to even more serious situation. Environment around us What is missed in this article? 1. What do you think of the environment around us ? （ 4 ’ ） 2. As students, what should we do ? （ 3 ’ ） 内容得分 4 ’ The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays. What do you think of this article? 内容不全 1. What was the thing you did in the winter holidays ? (1 ’ ) 2. Give some descriptions about it, such as where/when/how /who, etc. (4 ’ ) 3. Why do you think it ’ s the most unforgettable thing you did? (2 ’ ) The winter holidays are one of the most exciting holidays in the year. The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays is making a birthday cake with my mother on my birthday. My mother bought the things we needed from the supermarket. We mixed the flour and eggs, then added some special things to make the cake soft. Finally, we put it into the oven. I shared the cake with my family members. It was really delicious. I will never forget that day. 内容得分 5 ’ My spoken English used to be very poor. I tried to improve it, but failed . So I told it to my English teacher and wished him to give me some advice . He told me that I could improve my spoken English by speaking more English. He said, ‘ The more you practice speaking English, the more progress you will make. ’ Then I followed his advice and spoke as much English as possible. At last , my spoken English improved . My trouble What is missed in this article? What was your trouble in your study ? (2 ’ ) How did you face the trouble ? (3 ’ ) How did you feel after solving it ? (2 ’ ) 内容得分 5 ’ The environment is important to us all. We need fresh air, clean water and so on. There used to be many trees around us, the air was fresh and the river was clean, but now they disappeared for one reason or another and were replaced by dirty water and polluted air. Because of the terrible pollution, people ’ s health is getting worse and worse. What ’ s more, the green house effect is changing our climate, which may lead to even more serious situation. Environment around us What is missed in this article? 1. What do you think of the environment around us ? （ 4 ’ ） 2. As students, what should we do ? （ 3 ’ ） 内容得分 4 ’ Nowadays, our environment is becoming worse and worse. Our bad habits cause many problems like air pollution, land pollution and water pollution. To make our environment better, I want to be an environment protector. We can plant trees to make the air clean because trees can take in CO2 and release O2 into the air. We should buy and use environmentally friendly goods. Finally, we mustn’t leave a lot of rubbish into the river, pond or sea. So let’s be environment protectors and enjoy living a better life on the earth. I want to be an environment protector 内容（ 7 分） + 语言（ 8 分） + 文采（ 3 分） 一、认真审题，结构合理 * 写什么 ( 题目，参考问题） * 重点写什么 ( 提示问题） Nowadays, there are many problems of our environment such as air pollution, water pollution and land pollution. People cut down and burn the forest. People use things once and throw them away. People use chemicals to produce many things. Because of these reasons, our earth is in great danger. We live on the earth, it’s our duty to protect it. I will do a lot of things so that I can protect the earth. For example, I will reuse the plastic bags. There are a lot of ways to be green consumers. I want to be an environment protector Use the following points as a guide.( 下列要点仅供参考） What are the problems of our environment? Why do you want to be an environment protector? What will you do to protect the environment? Everybody has many ways to make happy. So do I . First, I listen some favorite music. Second, I read some books and make some notes. I think it is good. Third, I play basketball with my friends. In my opinion, play basketball is the best way to make me happy,because I fond of it. Because of those, I become happy and strong. 1. What are the ways to make you happy? 2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy? 3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons) 内容（ 7 分） + 语言（ 8 分） + 文采（ 3 分） 一、认真审题，结构合理 * 写什么 ( 题目，参考问题） * 重点写什么 ( 提示问题） * 时态 ( 参考问题） ”I want to be an environment protector( 保护者 )” Use the following points as a guide.( 下列要点仅供参考） What are the problems of our environment? Why do you want to be an environment protector? What will you do to protect the environment? My trouble What was your trouble in your study ? (2 ’ ) How did you face the trouble ? (3 ’ ) How did you feel after solving it ? (2 ’ ) The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays. 1. What was the thing you did in the winter holidays ? (1 ’ ) 2. Give some descriptions about it, such as where/when/how /who, etc. (4 ’ ) 3. Why do you think it ’ s the most unforgettable thing you did? (2 ’ ) Environment around us 1. What do you think of the environment around us ? （ 4 ’ ） 2. As students, what should we do ? （ 3 ’ ） 二、理清思路，列出提纲 Write a passage of at least 60 words on the topic ”I want to be an environment protector( 保护者 )” ( 以” I want to be an environment protector” 为题写一篇不少于 60 个词的短文，标点符号不占格。 ) Use the following points as a guide.( 下列要点仅供参考） 1. What are the problems of our environment? 2. Why do you want to be an environment protector? 3. What will you do to protect the environment? Write at least 60 words about the topic "The best way to make me happy". ( 以“最能使我快乐的方法”为题，写一篇不少于 60 个词的短文，标点符号不占格 ) The following points are for your reference: ( 所给提示仅供参考 ) 1. What are the ways to make you happy? 2. Which way do you think is the best one to make you happy? 3. Why do you feel happy in this way? (give at least two reasons) 三、连词成句，初步成形 四、检查修改，内容无误 Environment is very important for us. In our life, the problems of our environment are very important. We have hurt it too much by cutting down trees and pollute water and land. I want to be a environment protector so that save it. I’d suggest my parents to take bus instead of drive car. I will progress my habbits such as use a basket or a paper bag. I will prevent people throw rubbish everywhere. If everybody can do somethings to protect the earth, our environment will be much beautiful. I want to be an environment protector The winter holidays are one of the most exciting days in the year. I did a lot of things this winter holidays. the most unforgetable thing is to make my birthday cake with my mother on my birthday. My mother buy the things we need from the supermarket. We mixed the floor and eggs. Then add some special things to make the cake soft. Finally, we put it into the iron. I shared the cake with my family numbers. It was really delicions. I will never forget that day because I learned to make cakes as well as share my happiness with others. The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays. What do you think of this article? 错误太多 10 ’ Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. 1. I climed slowly and was very tried. 2. I think it is an unforgetable thing because I helped sb. climbed tired unforgettable somebody 3. On a friday afternoon, I went shopping with my mother. Spelling （拼写） （ others) Friday 4. I can’t forget that day. Because it is the last time we can celebrate her birthday together. I can’t forget that day because 5. What a crazy day it was, I will remember it forever. ! Capital letter （大小写） Punctuation （标点符号） 6. I will remembered that day forever. remember 7. I thought it is hungry. was 8. My grandmother always tidy up my room. tidies 9. How unforgettable this things is! thing Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Tense （时态） Verb agreement ( 主谓一致 ) Word form ( 词形） 10. In my father’s help, I became more patient than before. With my father’s help, 11. To cut a long story to short, …. To cut a long story short,… 12. I went to Shihua by a bus with my mother. by bus 13. My mother told me don’t give it up. told me not to give it up Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Phrases( 短语和固定搭配） 14. I saw an old lady lay in the middle of the road. saw an old lady lying… 16. We played snow in front of house. played with 15. I sat on a seat , listening music. listening to 17. Then a lady asked who had broken her window. We all were afraid. were all Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Missing words （漏词） 18. We should do things by our own hands. with the house 19. It is tired work. tiring Words’ order （词序） Using wrong word （选词错误） 22. He encouraged me to look for the watch by heart. carefully 21. One Sunday morning, I went to Shihua by bus and sat beside me was a girl. I went to Shihua on a bus and there was a girl sitting beside me. Find out the mistakes in the following sentences and correct them. Chinese English （中式英语） In my life, many things happened. 20. In my life have many things happened. 1.Environment is very important for us. 2.In our life, the problems of our environment are very important. 3.We have hurt it too much by cutting down trees and pollute water and land. 4.I want to be a environment protector so that save it. 5.I’d suggest my parents to take bus instead of drive car. 7.I will progress my habbits such as use a basket or a paper bag. 8.If everybody can do somethings to protect the earth, our environment will be much beautiful. 6.I will prevent people throw rubbish everywhere. to polluting in order to save it/so that I can save it take a bus instead of driving a car from throwing develop good habits using something much more beautiful serious an environment 1 2 3 4.2 5 6 7.1 8.1 4.1 7.2 8.2 1. 是否有大小写错误 (capital letters or lowercase letters) 是否有拼写错误 (spelling mistakes) 是否有标点错误 (punctuation mistakes) 4. 是否有语法错误 (grammar mistakes) 主谓是否一致 动词的时态 语态的使用是否正确 词组的搭配是否合乎习惯 … Common Errors in English writing During the winter holidays, It happened a lot of things. One of the things was helpt a small girl to find her mother. When my friends and me shopping in a shopping mall, we saw a small girl cried in a corner. We asked what happened on her . She said she cuond ’ t found her mother. So we started to helpt she to found her mother. Luckily, we found her mother, they were very happy and we were happy, too. I think it was the most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays because I found I also can help others. The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays. Check and correct this article. a lot of things happened. helping I were shopping crying happened to couldn ’ t find help her find . They could also , so During the winter holidays, It happened a lot of things. One of the things was helpt a small girl to find her mother. When my friends and me shopping in a shopping mall, we saw a small girl cried in a corner. We asked what happened on her . She said she cuond ’ t found her mother. So we started to helpt she to found her mother. Luckily, we found her mother, they were very happy and we were happy, too. I think it was the most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays because I found I also can help others. The most unforgettable thing I did in the winter holidays. a lot of things happened. helping I were shopping crying happened to couldn ’ t find help her find . They could also , so =9 ’ 7 ’ +2 ’ +0 ’ Comment on this article. 1. What ? (1 ’ ) 2. descriptions (4 ’ ) 3. Why (2 ’ ) How should we check the passage? 1. 查主题，文章是否符合题目要求，内容是否完整。 (check the theme) 2. 查语法，是否有时态错误，是否有主谓不一致，是否有语态问题，是否有词形错误，是否有不合乎搭配的词组。 (check the grammar) ３ ．查标点，是否有标点错误 (check the punctuation) 4. 查拼写，是否有拼写错误和大小写问题 （ check the spelling) 5 ．查表达，是否有不合乎英语惯用的表达，是否有中国式英语表达。 (check the ways of expression ) Conclusion: 五、遣词造句，争取文采 考试手册上的词组 常用的句型 短语（上下连贯 ) 逻辑关系的上下简单句 -- 状语从句 加 减 合 替 重复、可有可无的 what’s more in addition more importantly on the other hand not only … but also … 条件 if/ unless 因果 because 结果 so… that 目的 so that 让步 although, though 比较 than, as…as 时间 when At school, sometimes I feel bad and sad because of the terrible things. If I came home but still feel bad, I will read some interesting books. It can make me forget the terrible things. The story in it also can bring me fun. I will listen to some songs too. These way are the best way to make me happy. listen to music, read different books and run can make me happy. I think read interesting books is the best one to make me happy. Because when I read books I can forget anything and when I think the story in book is amusing I will laugh. And after I read the book I will never feel sad. I think it is a good way. In my life, I often feel very tired. So I need some methods to relax myself and make me happy. For example, I usually go for a sleep and listen to some music. I think listening to music is fit of me. First, I make me forget things that make me unhappy. Second, I am interested in music. When I listen the music , I feel good. It brings me happiness. That’s why I feel happy in this way. There are a lot of ways to make me happy. Such as listening to the music, playing the piano, reading books and so on. Reading books is the best on to make me happy. Reading books make me relax. I also learn a lot of interesting knowledge when I read a book. I feel happy in this way, because I like reading. 结构（ 7 分） + 内容（ 8 分） + 文采（ 3 分） 一、认真审题，结构正确 二、理清思路，列出提纲 三、连词成句，初步成形 四、检查修改，内容无误 五、遣词造句，争取文采 ( 一）初中生写作 “ 现状 ” 2 初中生写作 “六大病症”： 1) 审题不清，抓不住要点，东拉西扯； 2) 单词拼写错误； frist ,belive, ture, buzy, quite & quiet … 3) 动词缺失； Eg: I happy I can go to Peking. 4 ）前后不一致（数、人称、时态、主谓不一致等） Eg: All people have their own dream. He said he wants to have a good rest. 5 ）中式英语（ Chinglish ） Eg: I very like sports. 6) 综合性错误。 包括 单词大小写 、 标点符号 以及 形容词副词 的混淆、连词的缺失误用、句子结构不完整 等。 中考英语作文评分标准 满分档（ 15 分）：长度符合要求（ 80-90 字），书写规范，涵盖所有要 点，结构规范，条理清楚，逻辑严密，词汇丰富，没有任何语法错误。 第五档（ 12-14 分）：文本长度符合要求，书写规范，涵盖所有要点，结 构规范，条理清楚，逻辑严密，词汇比较丰富有少量语法错误。 第四档（ 9-11 分）：文本长度符合要求，书写规范，基本涵盖要点（有 2 要点得给 9-10 分），行文比较连贯，词汇不够丰富，有一些语法错误。 第三档 (6-8 分 ) ：文本长度与要求有明显距离，书写不规范，要点不完整 （只有 1 个要点），行文不连贯，词汇量不足，错误较多，勉强能看出作文意图。 第二档（ 3-5 分）：能用句子表达，错误百出，只能勉强猜测出作文意图。 第一档（ 0-2 分）：有一些英语单词，但与话题毫不相干。 （白卷 0 分） 中考英语高分作文的特点 1 、开头言简意赅，不啰嗦，不偏题，迅速引入主题。 2 、段与段之间，自然过渡。有合适的连接词。 3 、句与句之间，有恰当的连接词，使之自然成一体。 4 、全文中同一个意思，基本没有重复使用某一个词、短语或者句型等，说明这个同学的词汇量不同寻常。老师自然就对该作文有好感了。 5 、能够恰当使用谚语、格言等给文章添彩。 二、中考英语高分作文的特点 6 、书写工整，书面整洁，很少有涂改痕迹。 7 、分段合理。全文分段一般不止一个自然段，让阅卷老师很容易就能找到作文所要求写的要点和重要句子。 8 、要点齐全。 9 、首尾呼应，自然成一体。　 10 、使用了大量的高级词汇和句型。阅卷老师一看就知道这个同学的功底非不一般，自然就给打高分了。 Making an invition 　　英语作文 　　注意交叉使用长短句 　　 吴轶佳说，在 5 月份长春市模拟考试当中，很多同学都觉得大作文不太容易写好，不容易得高分。我们容易忽略的一个重要问题是我们面对的是高中老师来批改我们初三学生的作文，高中老师的要求水准，他们指导高考作文的习惯，他们对于作文的品位和要求都可能与我们平时的思维习惯有所不同，所以文章的可读性就更能成就一篇完美的中考作文。 　　吴轶佳建议，英语作文在整个写作过程中，要适当选择恰当的连词来表示文中的并列、转折、选择、条件、因果等关系，并且注意句子结构的变化，避免重复和单调。 　　考试中的写作是一种控制性写作，在至多 25 分钟的时间内要实现审题，列提纲，打草稿，修改草稿，打磨语言，并准确，美观地誊写在答题卡上。 　　在英语写作中，过多地使用长句和短句都不好，正确的做法是，根据实际情况，在文章当中交叉使用长短句。综合使用各种所谓的“高级”结构。在适合的语境当中，在自己十分有把握的情况下，使用一句名言警句来增加文章的色彩。但是在大型考试的考场上，不鼓励现场原创的语言，还是尽量使用平时老师给批改过的，教材中有的，你十分熟悉和有把握的语言。这样的作文才会在紧张的情绪影响之下少犯错误 中考英语写作高分“秘笈” 要点齐全 过渡自然 首尾相呼 分段提行 连词增色 名句添光 长短得当 高分有望 如何 逐步培养和提升 英语写作能力？ 二 写作能力的引导 词汇短语 句子 篇章 词汇是学生用英语表达思想 , 同时 也是写作的基础和源泉。 词汇短语 1. 词汇的 巧妙记忆 。 （ child ren ; be lie ve…) 2. 加强中考 课标词汇、短语 的听默写。 3. 鼓励学生（尤其是优等生）坚持课外阅读，并用 “积累”本 收集高频词汇、短语、佳句，加强记忆。 词汇短语“攻关秘笈” 4. 鼓励学生使用“高端”的词汇。 =endless/oceans of Playing too much computer is bad for our study. =gets in the way of = have a bad influence on Eg: I am very interested in pop music. I have lots of homework to do every day. = show/take great interest in 词不离句， 完整、准确、 新颖、丰富 的句式表达是一篇好文章的必备条件。 句子 1. 帮助学生掌握认清“五大”基本句式。 2. 加强中考相关话题 必备佳句 的 朗读 、 听写 、 背诵、仿写 、 句子翻译以及课外佳句的积累 。 3. 让学生在“多样”的句式变换中不断积攒实战经验。 有效的句式教学 3. “ 多样”的句式变换 句子 1 ）合并为简单句； Eg: My brother helped me in maths. I made great progress. I made great progress in maths with the help of my brother . 2 ）学会使用感叹句； It is necessary to help others. How necessary it is to help others ！ 3) 善用复合句； a. We need to help people. The people are in trouble. We need to help the people who are in trouble. b. We know that more and more students like pop songs. As we all know , more and more students like pop songs. 4 ）巧妙使用强调句； We can achieve our dreams by working hard. Only by working hard , can we achieve our dreams. 5) 积累丰富的谚语 ( 一周两至三句） 英语谚语短小精悍，简洁明快，韵律优美，寓意深刻，在写作中适当引用谚语能增强文章的说服力和感染力。 As the saying goes, “ .” 1) 锻炼对学生有好处 As the saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” It is good for us students to take exercise. 2) 集中注意力于学习 As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains.” We should concentrate our mind on our studies. 其他谚语 : 1.Think twice before you do. 2.Practice makes perfect. 3.Where there is a will, there is a way. 4.Failure is the mother of success. 5.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 6.All roads lead to Rome. 7. Every coin has two sides. 1. 水 ( 节水方法 ) To make the limited water last long,…… 1) we’d better turn off the taps or showers while we are washing hair or brushing teeth. 2) it’s good to save water by reusing the used water to flush the toilet 冲 厕所 . 2. 交通方式 ( 自己、告诉他人 ) In order to reduce the air pollution, …… 1) we should either walk or take the bus to school. 2) We are supposed to tell our parents to ride bikes or take the subway as much as possible . 3. 电 ( 节电方法 ) Don’t forget to turn off lights and TVs when we leave the room so that we can save the energy 目的 4. 纸 In order to make full use of paper, …… 1) it’s necessary for us to collect used paper and books and recycle them. 2). we need to use both sides of it 5. 购物袋 To reduce the white pollution, …… we are supposed to take our own bags instead of plastic bags when we go shopping. 6. 植树造林 We’d better plant trees as many as possible instead of cutting them down. In this way ， we can make the world greener and the air fresher. 词不离句，句不离篇。 —— 能够灵活自如地运用所学的词汇、短语、句型、语法 , 谋篇布局写出精彩的文段是训练学生写作的最终目的。 篇章 如何运用已有的 “ 遣词造句 ” 能力在写作实践中学会 “ 谋篇布局 ” “战无不胜” 呢？ 1 ）表 并列补充 关系的： What is more ， Besides ， … 2) 表示转折关系的过渡词： but, yet, however … 3) 表示时间关系的过渡词： first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that … 4) 表示空间关系的过渡词： near (to), far (from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside … 5) 表示比较关系的过渡词： in the same way, just like, just as … 6) 表示对照关系的过渡词： but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though … 7) 表示递进关系的过渡词： also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again … 8) 表示因果关系的过渡词： because, since, then, thus, so, therefore ,as a result… 9) 表示解释说明的过渡词： for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually … She came in spite of her cold.  Force a laugh in spite of pain. We met some friends and other people in addition.  I can help you.Moreover,you should rely on yourself. 10) 表示强调的过渡词：in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important … 11) 表示目的的过渡词：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, … 12) 表示列举的过渡词：for example , such as … 13) 表示总结性的过渡词：in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, in a word, in general, all in all, in a word, generally speaking … He has his faults, but, all in all, he is a good helper.   英语写作中用好“四心” 1. 精心 审题，沉着写稿 2. 耐心 修改，提炼句子 3. 细心 检查 , 消灭错误 4. 虚心 抄写，一丝不苟。 议论文写作技巧 议论文是作者对某个问题或某件事进行分析、评论 , 表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文有三要素 , 即论点、论据和论证。论点的基本要求是 : 观点正确 , 认真概括 , 有实际意义 ; 论据的基本要求是 : 真实可靠 , 充分典型 ; 论证的基本要求是 : 推理必须符合逻辑。 英语议论文的结构一般较为固定 , 通常包括以下三部分 : 1. 在导语部分提出需要议论的议题 ; 2. 在正文部分对所提出的问题进行议论 ; 3. 在结论部分对以上的讨论进行总结和归纳。 let`s see some examples Shall we send children to study abroad? With more and more people becoming rich in recent years, it is a new tendency for them to send their children to study abroad. But I don’t think it is a good idea. First of all , children are too young to look after themselves. Second , the language barrier is a serious problem. Many children are not proficient in the foreign language before going abroad. As a result, they have difficulty in understanding what the native speakers are talking about. Third , they may get into trouble when dealing with various situations for lack of knowledge of the customs in the strange land. Furthermore , the cost of living is much higher than that in our country, which might cause a heavy burden to the family. In conclusion , there are more disadvantages in sending children to study abroad. So, we’d better not do it. Learn To Respect Our Parents Nowadays, more and more families have only one child. As most of the students today are the only child in the family, they often regard themselves as the center of the family and become selfish , without caring too much about their parents. So we should learn to respect our parents. Firstly, we are supposed to remember our parents’ birthday and express our best wishes to them. Secondly, we should say hello to our parents when we see them returning home. Thirdly, we are supposed to tell our parents where we go when we leave home. In a word, respecting parents is our China’s traditional values . No matter how old we are, it’s necessary for us to respect our parents. On the one hand, computer has many advantages. It can help people finish work quickly. And it also can help people to do more and more work. It’s not noly a good way for students to receive education but also it’s very convenient for people to communicate with others by using computers. On the other hand, it has some disadvantages. Computer can work out difficult math problems that students can’t. But it may make them be lacking in thinking. And if you often work with computer, maybe you will get sick. Some people surf the Internet all day, they waste much time and have no time to care for the real people. So we should have a right way to deal with the greatest invention —— computer. 常见例文 My Favorite Places Many people have favorite places they like to go to when they are feeling sad or bored. I also have favorite places that I go to as often as I can. Here are the three places that I like most. First of all , I like the zoo.The animals are amazing because some are so cute and some are so ugly! I like to pet(宠) them,feed them and watch them perform. Museums are cool places, too. They have good exhibits(陈列品)and fascinating displays(吸引人的展品). I like the works of art( 艺术品)there. Some museums teach me a lot about history and science. From dinosaurs to robots, I love them all. Finally , theme parks are my favourite place. I think the roller coasters are the best. It's fun to scream and get s care d. These places always cheer me up(快活） . I try to go to each of my favorite places once a year. I am going to find more favorite places to go to when I grow up. 作文走向预测及参考范文 1. 最近，老师布置了一道作业，就 “ Can parents be friends? ” 这一问题在同学中间开展一次调查，下表是调查的结果： 45% 的同学可能父母太忙，没有时间关心他们。 55% 的同学可能在家里，父母常常和他们谈心，像朋友一样。你的观点 ??   请根据以上调查数据，写一份 80 词左右的调查报告。报告的开头已给出。 I recently surveyed ( 调查 )my classmates about their views( 观点 ) on whether parents can be friends. According to the survey, 45% of the students in our class think it impossible to make friends with their parents as they’re always too busy to show their concern. On the other hand, 55% of the students believe they can make friends with their parents because their parents often talk with them like friends at home. In my opinion, it’s just natural for parents and children to be friends so long as they trust each other, the parents often talk with their children and know how to share. 2. 爱是心中的太阳，融化你我身边的冰雪。假设你是李明，你们学校的“ English Garden” 正在举办主题为“付出即是收获”的征文活动，请你联系自己平时的爱心行为和感受写一篇文章投稿。 要求： 1. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息。     2.80—100 词。标题和文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Giving is Receiving My name is Li Ming. I like helping others because I think it makes me very happy. I often help my classmates with their schoolwork. Sometimes I help clean up my house. I go to the old people's home and do some cleaning for them once a month. I often visit the Children's Hospital to cheer the sick kids up. I read stories and sing songs for them. I also help people in trouble. I think giving is receiving. Helping others is helping ourselves. Do you agree with me? 3. 假如你叫李华，参加学校开展的“有困难向谁求助”（ Whom do you turn to when in trouble? ）的调查活动，调查结果如下。请用英语给校报编辑写一封信反映相关内容。 求助对象：同学、朋友， 58% ，年龄相仿，容易理解交流。老师家长， 30% ，有爱心、有经验、可以 信任。无， 12% ，不愿与人交流，难以与人沟通。 注意： 1 ．内容要点全面，并表达出你的观点。为了使文章连 贯，可适当增加内容。 2 ．词数： 90 词左右。 Dear editor, I’m a student . We have made a survey －“ Who do you turn to when in trouble?” Here are the results. Most of the students will go to their classmates or friends when in trouble as they’re almost of the same age, so they have a lot in common and understand each other easily. Some students will tell their teachers or parents about their troubles and ask them for help as the teachers and parents have rich experience and love them very much. They can be trusted by these students.Only a few students solve their problems all by themselves. They hate to talk with others and can’t get on well with others. They have few friends. In my opinion, when in trouble we’d better ask our teachers, parent, friends or classmates for help. Yours Li Hua 4 、台湾自古以来是中国领土不可分割的一部分，尽早解决台湾问题，实现祖国的完全统一，是中华儿女的共同期盼。假定你们正举行“我心中的台湾”主题班会，请你根据提示写篇短文。  1 ：台湾是中国的一部分 2 ：我所知道的台湾（地理位置、人口或其他资讯） 3 ：台湾与祖国大陆的民间交往（走亲访友、商业往来、兴办工厂等） 4 ：愿望。 词语准备： Taiwan Island, Taiwanese, the mainland, many kinds of , beautiful , relative, shop ,factory, lie. Visit, build , run.          There is but one China and Taiwan is part of China. Taiwan, the biggest island, lies to the southeast of Fujian Province. The weather there is warm and wet.So many plants grow very well. The fruit there are really delicious,like bananas,oranges and so on. It has a popolation of 23.000.000.Taiwan produces many kinds of products,especially seafood. It is a very beautiful island. Riyuetan Pool AND Mount Ali are very famous places of interest , Now many Taiwanese come to the mainland, they visit their relatives and friends, and some of them build factores and run shops, I love Taiwan very much and I hope I can visit Taiwan some day. China is getting stronger and stronger. All the people hope Taiwan can come back quickly. I’m sure Taiwan will come back in the future. 5. 阳光运动工程 (Sunshine sports program) Dear Jane, 　　 Thank you for your last letter asking about our sunshine sports program. 　　 Now I tell you some sports in our school. Many students doing sports one hour everyday. Different students have different interests. Some boys like playing football, because they love it. Most girls like shopping, because they think it relaxing. But most boys like playing Chinese Kongfu, because they believe it can help they keep healthy. And some girls like dancing, because they want to keep fit. 　　 I think the sunshine sports program is very important for us. Because the study of students very hard. Sports can also let brains have a good rest so that our study will be more effective. And it can help you relax. 　 7. 许多学习生活中的烦恼都会使人产生压力 , 为了更好地发现及解决同学们中存在的心理压力问题 , 你们班特意开展了一次以 'Less Pressure, Better Life' 为主题的英语演讲比赛 , 请你准备发言稿 , 谈谈你的一些缓解压力的好办法 , 与同学分享 , 内容包括： 　　●同学们中普遍存在的压力是什么； 　　●我的压力是什么； 　　●我是如何成功缓解我的压力的。 　　　　参考范文 : 　 　 Less Pressure, Better Life 　　 Hello, boys and girls! 　　 Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world. Students in our class are under too much pressure. Some students can’t get on well with their classmates, while others may worry about their exams. 　　 I’m always under pressure, too. My parents want me to be the top student in class. So they send me to all kinds of training classes at weekends. 　　 Last Monday evening, I had a talk with my mother. I told her I was not lazy. I really felt tired. I needed time to relax. My mother agreed with me at last. So I think a conversation with parents is necessary to solve the problem. That’s all. Thank you! 　 Less Pressure, Better Life 　　 Hello, boys and girls! 　　 Pressure is a serious problem in today’s world. Students in our class are under too much pressure. Some students can’t get on well with their classmates, while others may worry about their exams. 　　 I’m always under pressure, too. My parents want me to be the top student in class. So they send me to all kinds of training classes at weekends. 　　 Last Monday evening, I had a talk with my mother. I told her I was not lazy. I really felt tired. I needed time to relax. My mother agreed with me at last. So I think a conversation with parents is necessary to solve the problem. That’s all. Thank you! 8. 幸福是什么？幸福是父母为你营造的温馨的家，幸福是老师望向你的赞许的目光，幸福是孤独时朋友送来的一杯奶茶，幸福是 …… 请以 My happiness 为话题，写一件曾经发生过的令你感到幸福的事情。 要求：条理清晰，语言流畅，用词准确 , 字迹工整， 80 － 90 词。 Happiness is important in our life. In fact , happiness is always around you if you put your heart into it. I will never forget one thing. Once, I had a bad mark at a math test. I was shy and afraid to meet my parents. But when I got back home late, my parents knew what happened, they said to me: “It doesn’t matter, my child. Remember we’ll be always beside you when you need help. We believe you can be better next time. Never give up!” I was moved and made up my mind to work harder and harder. I feel happy. Whenever I am in trouble, I can feel my parents’ love. I want to be a good child for my parents. How to write a good composition The structure of a good composition body ending beginning ending Topic Supporting Concluding Topic Details& reasons Opinions &summary How to have a good body? 1. 内容丰富。主题句，细节，例证等。 2. 运用适当的连接词。 3. 好词，好句。 I have many hobbies. I like reading books very much. I have some books. They are in my bookcase. A good body is one with advanced words & varied sentence patterns. My favorite hobby is reading. Reading books makes me feel relaxed and happy. It brings me a different world. advanced words & varied sentences good pretty try my best/ make every effort of great importance very excellent wonderful amazing important make a differnce have great influence on try like be interested in be fond of quite a lot advanced words & varied sentences Reading is interesting. it is interesting for me to read. Reading is so interesting that I can't stop it. Reading is one of the most interesting things. I find it interesting to read. I have too much fun reading. The more I read, the more intersting it is. I find that I know the bad pollution. It is known that the pollution is serious. As we all know,… As far as I know,… As far as I am concerned,… I like playing the piano. Only when I play the piano, can I realize the true meaning of the music. Wonderful feelings flow freely as soon as I hear the beautiful sound of the piano . Trouble is usual. There will be uphills as well as downhills , bumps and smooth rides in our lives. So it is normal for us to get in trouble. saying 谚语 There is an old saying,… As the old saying goes,… There is no royal road to learning. 书 山有路勤为径 , 学海无涯苦作舟 . Practice makes perfect . 熟能生巧 。 Rome is not built in a day. 冰冻三尺非一日之寒 Where there is a will there is a way. 有志者事竟成 No cross, no crown. 不 经历风雨，怎么见彩虹。 Doing is better than saying. 行 胜于言。 God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助 。 比喻句 1.The Chinese stood up like a giant. 2.The childhood shows the man as the morning show the day. 3.Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body. A…to B what C…to D My Hobby Writing As far as I’m concerned, reading is much more valuable than the other hobbies. First of all, reading is a good way for us to broaden eyes and increase knowledge. When we read books, we have the opportunity to learn everything. What’s more, reading can develop our taste. Reading the beautiful things described in the book will make us feel relaxed . As we all know that the more knowledge a person has , the better behaved he will be. I think this is the charming of reading . In a word, to open a book is like opening a door, through which you will enter a museum, where all man-made wonders and wisdoms are waiting for you. English writing 一 、英语写作的重要性及初中生写作现状 （一）英语写作的重要性 1. 写作是中考乃至高考的 必考题型 ，且所占 比重较大 ，同时也是拉开考生距离的 关键题型。 2. 随着我国对外经济、文化、教育等方面交往的日益频繁，英语写作也成为雅思、 GRE 、 TOFEL 等诸多考试以及职场应聘的必考内容之一。 一 、英语写作的重要性及初中生写作现状 （二）初中生写作现状 1) 审题不清，抓不住要点，东拉西扯； 2) 单词拼写错误； frist ,belive, ture, buzy, quite & quiet … 3) 动词缺失； Eg: I happy I can go to Peking. 4 ）前后不一致（数、人称、时态、主谓不一致等） Eg: All people have their own dream. He said he wants to have a good rest. 5 ）中式英语 Eg: I very like sports. 6) 综合性错误。 包括 单词大小写 、 标点符号 以及 形容词副词的混淆、连词的缺失误用、 句子结构不完整 等。 二、中考英语高分作文的特点 1 、书写工整，书面整洁，很少有涂改痕迹。 2 、分段合理。全文分段一般不止一个自然段，让阅卷老师很容易就能找到作文所要求写的要点和重要句子。 3 、要点齐全，不缺要点。 4 、首尾呼应，自然成一体。　 5 、开头言简意赅，不啰嗦，不偏题，迅速引入主题。 6 、段与段之间，自然过渡。有合适的连接词。 7 、句与句之间，有恰当的连接词，使之自然成一体。 8 、使用了大量的高级词汇和句型。阅卷老师一看就知道这个同学的功底非不一般，自然就给打高分了。 9 、全文中同一个意思，基本没有重复使用某一个词、短语或者句型等，说明这个同学的词汇量不同寻常。老师自然就对该作文有好感了。 10 、能够恰当使用谚语、格言等给文章添彩。 三、 对考生的要求 1 、内容要完整。 2 、语句流畅。 3 、没有语法错误。 4 、书写规范。 能达到上述要求的作文，都会得到相应的高分。 四、评分标准 第五档 (17 — 20 分 ) ：表达清楚，行文连贯，语言基本无误。 第四档 (13 — 16 分 ) ：表达基本清楚，行文基本连贯，语言有少量错误。 第三档 (9 — 12 分 ) ：语言虽有较多错误，尚能达意。 第二档 (5 — 8 分 ) ：能写明基本要点；语言错误多，影响意思表达。 第一档 (0 — 4 分 ) ：白卷或文不对题，或错误百出，不知所云。 （一）扣分点 1. 内容方面：要点缺失，可酌情扣分。若没有写一件具体的事情，是要扣 3 分以上的 ; 若写的事情太过于虚幻，没有实际内容，也会扣 1-2 分。 2. 字数：少于 80 字的作文要酌情扣分。 中考英语作文要求 80 字以上，标点符号不算，少了就要扣分。但是 80 字的作文能不能得高分 ? 从我们拿到的实例作文来看， 16 分以上的作文，没有少于 85 字的，甚至少于 80 字的也少之又少。当然，也极少有超过 95 字的，因为中考试卷的短线格一共 80 个，在格子下面大约还有 2 行的空间，可以加 20 字左右，再多阅卷人就很难看清了，也会影响卷面的美观。所以，如果想让作文得到高分，最好是让字数在 80-90 字之间。 3. 语法和拼写错误：每个扣 0.5 ，重复错误不计 ; 4. 标点错误：每 4 个扣 0.5. （二） 加分点 根据学生使用复杂句型、单词和 谚语 、俗语的情况来加分。 只要文章中有 1 个亮点，基本就可以争取到 1 分。而这 1 分的亮点，是可以提前准备的。例如，有一些 “ 万金油 ” 式的复杂句型，例如强调句型、 only 相关的倒装句等，只要同学们多操练几次，几乎是一定能用到作文当中，从而为自己争取到这 1 分。 其次就是卷面分。虽然在阅卷标准里面并没有卷面分这一项，但是这个分数却真切地反映在了同学们的分数里面。 据阅卷老师的经验，在阅卷的时候并不是按这 3 个部分逐项打分的，而是在第一遍读完全文之后，心里已经形成了一个 “ 印象分 ” ，然后再细读第二、三遍，把印象分分配到各个打分部分。因此，这个 “ 印象分 ” 就非常重要，而同学们的书法，也正是在这个环节，影响到了自己的分数。所以如果书法不好，一定要注意。所谓的书法并不需要写的很漂亮，符合 3 个简单的标准即可：没有斜体、没有连笔、涂改较少。 如何 逐步培养和提升 英语写作能力？ 写作能力的引导 词汇短语 句子 篇章 词汇是学生用英语表达思想 , 同时也是写作的基础和源泉。 词汇短语 1. 词汇的 巧妙记忆 。 （ child ren ; be lie ve…) 2. 加强中考 课标词汇、短语 的听默写。 3. 鼓励学生（尤其是优等生）坚持课外阅读，并用 “积累”本 收集高频词汇、短语、佳句，加强记忆。 词汇短语“攻关秘笈” 4. 使用“高端”的词汇。 =endless/oceans of Playing too much computer is bad for our study. =gets in the way of = have a bad influence on Eg: I am very interested in pop music. I have lots of homework to do every day. = show/take great interest in 词不离句， 完整、准确、 新颖、丰富 的句式表达是一篇好文章的必备条件。 句子 1. 帮助学生掌握认清“五大”基本句式。 2. 加强中考相关话题 必备佳句 的 朗读 、 听写 、 背诵、仿写 、 句子翻译以及课外佳句的积累 。 3. 让学生在“多样”的句式变换中不断积攒实战经验。 有效的句式学习 3. “ 多样”的句式变换 句子 1 ）合并为简单句； Eg: My brother helped me in maths. I made great progress. I made great progress in maths with the help of my brother . 2 ）学会使用感叹句； It is necessary to help others. How necessary it is to help others. 3) 善用复合句； a. We need to help people. The people are in trouble. We need to help the people who are in trouble. b. We know that more and more students like pop songs. As we all know , more and more students like pop songs. 4 ）巧妙使用强调句； We can achieve our dreams by working hard. Only by working hard , can we achieve our dreams. 5) 积累丰富的谚语 英语谚语短小精悍，简洁明快，韵律优美，寓意深刻，在写作中适当引用谚语能增强文章的说服力和感染力。 As the saying goes, “ .” 1) 锻炼对学生有好处 As the saying goes, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.” It is good for us students to take exercise. 2) 集中注意力于学习 As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains.” We should concentrate our mind on our studies. 其他谚语 : 1.Think twice before you do. 2.Practice makes perfect. 3.Where there is a will, there is a way. 4.Failure is the mother of success. 5.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 6.All roads lead to Rome. 7. Every coin has two sides. 词不离句，句不离篇。 能够灵活自如地运用所学的词汇、短语、句型、语法 , 谋篇布局写出精彩的文段是写作的最终目的。 篇章 如何运用已有的 “ 遣词造句 ” 能力在写作实践中学会 “ 谋篇布局 ” “战无不胜” 呢？ 认真 审题 ，找出文章要表达的中心。 一般作文包括一定数量的内容点，漏写某一点则要被扣掉 2~3 分，因此审题要细心观察，特别是在做看图作文题时，要注意某些夸张“画点”，它（们）常是暗示应当写出的内容点。画面内容较多时，不要事无巨细，全面开花，应当仅仅围绕主题。恰当取舍，做到详略得当。 写作第一步 审 用简单的句子或短语 列出 文章要点。 列 写作第二步 加 加首尾 ，使结构完整 。 可以采取 总分总 结构或者 总分 结构，开头或结尾的句子应注意简洁，漂亮。 写作第三步： 连 恰当运用 关联 词句，使得文章层次清晰，各个部分衔接自然。 写作第四步： 1. 表示并列或递进 : and, as well as, both … and, not only … but also, neither … nor; 2. 表示选择 : or, either … or; 3. 表示转折 : but, however, although, though, after all, 4. 表示因果 : because, so, therefore 5. 表示条件 : if , unless 6. 表示对比 : instead, not … but, on the one hand … on the other hand; 7. 表示解释 : for example, for instance, such as, that is to say, in other words; 8. 表示顺序 : to begin with, firstly, first (of all), second(ly), next, later, since then, from then on, finally, in the end; 9. 表示强调 : also, besides, what ’ s more, actually, in fact, 10. 表示结论 : all in all, altogether, in a word, generally speaking, 关联词 美 选好词句， 美化 文章。在有把握的情况下展示自己的语言功底。 写作第五步： 审 题。体裁、时态、人称、主题以及词数等要素； 2) 抓 要点，拟提纲。分析内容，明确要点。用 “头脑风暴”或竞赛法列出与写作要点相关的词汇、短语或句子。然后选择材料，完成详细提纲； 3) 初步 写 作。连词成句，连句成文； 4) 巧用 连 接词，添加过渡，确保文章连贯流畅； 5) 查 错改错评价。对照中考作文评分标准、作文要点及常见错误列表对初稿进行修改评价，然后撰抄。 写作五步法的具体操作 英语写作中用好“四心” 1. 精心 审题，沉着写稿 2. 耐心 修改，提炼句子 3. 细心 检查 , 消灭错误 4. 虚心 抄写，一丝不苟。 英语写作中流行的十句作文法是由专家总结一种高分作文方法，考生在经过短期训练之后便可较大程度地提高作文成绩。需要指出的是：所谓十句作文并非一定是 10 句，很多考生的高分作文的句子数量都在 8 至 10 句之间（以句子长短和结构不同而变化）。如按每个句子平均 8~12 个单词计算，用 7~10 个句子便能完成一篇要求在 80 词左右的作文。其基本模式为： 十句作文法 第二段 （正文） —— 主题句 —— 扩展句 （要视内容而决定扩 展句 的多少） —— 扩展句 —— 扩展句 —— 扩展句 —— 扩展句 —— 扩展句 第三段（结尾） 第一段（开头） —— 主题句 —— 扩展句 —— 结尾句 第一段为开头，包括两句。第一句为主题句，提出问题并通过问题点明全文主体；第二句为扩展句，进一步说明和支持主题句。另外，也可将两句顺序倒过来，由第一句说明情况，第二句提出问题。 第二段为正文，共七句。第一句为主题句，提出本段的主体，它应与第一段的主体相一致。第二句至第七句为扩展句，说明和支持本段的主体。句与句之间要注意运用好过渡词，以使行文流畅。 第三段为结尾，简化为一句，是对全文的总结，并说明作者自己的观点。 三段之间的衔接要灵活运用“启、承、转、合”的过渡手段。 根据下面表格所提供的信息，写一则通知，告诉你的同学关于你们郊游的计划。 时间 星期日（７月１０日） 地点 人民公园 交通工具 坐公共汽车前往 出发时间 早上７：００ 到达公园时间 早上８：３０ 活动安排 上午：划船；游泳；在饭馆吃午餐 下午：英语角活动（ English corner activities ）；照相 返回时间 下午４：３０ 要求：１、词数：８０个词左右；题目及文章的 开头已给出，但不算在词数内。 　　　２、表格中所列内容必须都用上，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 　　　 ３、不要使用真实姓名及所在学校名称， 否则答案作废。 Notice Good morning, everyone! I’ll tell you a piece of good news. We are planning an outing. __________ Good morning, everyone! Now I’ll tell you a piece of good news.( 主题句 ) We are planning an outing. ( 主题句 ) We are going to the People’s Park by bus on July 10th, Sunday. ( 扩展句 ) We’ll leave at 7:00 a.m. at the school gate and arrive there at 8:30 a.m. in the morning. ( 扩展句 ) Then you can go boating and swimming. ( 扩展句 ) Let’s have lunch in a restaurant and join the English corner in the afternoon. ( 扩展句 ) If you would like to take photos, you’d better take a camera. ( 扩展句 ) The time to return is 4:30 p.m.. ( 扩展句 ) Please get ready for the outing. ( 扩展句 ) Wish all of us have a good time. ( 结尾句 ) 点评： 本文是仿照十句作文法而写的一篇优秀考场作文。文章围绕“ Notice” 这一主题展开，把表格所提供的信息陈述清楚，要点齐全。文章中语句简练，语句变化多样，有简单句、并列句和复合句，也用上了祈使句，过渡自然，结尾表明作者自己对这次郊游活动的祝愿，增强了感染力。 你叫林海（英文名叫 Joe ），你的朋友 John 发给你的电子邮件中提到了关于学校准备开办英语学习班的消息，你对此事很感兴趣，请给 John 回一封邮件，询问有关英语学习班的详情。邮件的要点如下： 1 ．对英语学习班很感兴趣。 2 ．希望可以练习英语，结识朋友。 3 ．问英语学习班的上课时间、地点、内容以及费用。 注意： 1 ．邮件要通顺、连贯。 2 ．词数 80 左右，邮件的开头和结尾已为你写好，但不计人总词数。 3 ．不能在答卷上透露个人的任何信息（例如具体的学校和姓名等），否则答案作废。 Dear John, Thanks very much for the information about the English evening class.( 主题句 ) It sounds very interesting to me. ( 扩展句 ) You know I want to practise my English and make some new friends. ( 扩展句 ) I think this English evening class will be helpful to me. ( 扩展句 ) Could you please tell me a little more about the class? ( 扩展句 ) When does it begin and how much does it cost? ( 扩展句 ) Where will the class be held? ( 扩展句 ) Also, do you have any more information about what we will do in class? ( 扩展句 ) I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. ( 结尾句 ) Yours Joe 中考的“书面表达”，其实就是要求考生根据提供的情景写几句话。目前，提供情境的方式也就是文字说明和图画两种。我们考生的任务就是根据情境，把考题要求用几个意思连贯的句子表达出来。 一、 掌握 哪些基本句型？ 英语句子看上去纷繁复杂，但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句型。这五个基本句型可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。换言之，绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句型生成的。熟悉并掌握这五个基本句型并掌握它的变式，再根据需要加上适当的定语或状语，我们写出的句子不仅可以表情达意，而且还会符合语言规范，生动活泼。例如： 1. We eat . （主语＋谓语） 2. He was a tall thin man . （主语＋系动词＋表语） 3. I have bought some chocolate for you . （主语＋谓语＋宾语） 4. Mr Huang taught us English . （主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语） 5. He could make his lessons lively and interesting . （主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语） 这些都是我们非常熟悉的常见简单句。仔细分析一下，我们不难得出相应的 5 种主要句型。 1. S 十 V “ 主语＋谓语”结构 2. S 十 V 十 P “ 主语＋系动词＋表语”结构 3. S 十 V 十 O “ 主语＋谓语＋宾语”结构 4. S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 “ 主语＋谓语＋双宾语” 结构 5. S 十 V 十 O 十 C “ 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾 语补足语”结构 Good morning, everyone! Now I’ll tell you a piece of good news.( 主题句 ) We are planning an outing. ( 主题句 ) We are going to the People’s Park by bus on July 10th, Sunday. ( 扩展句 ) We’ll leave at 7:00 a.m. at the school gate and arrive there at 8:30 a.m. in the morning. ( 扩展句 ) Then you can go boating and swimming. ( 扩展句 ) Let’s have lunch in a restaurant and join the English corner in the afternoon. ( 扩展句 ) If you would like to take photos, you’d better take a camera. ( 扩展句 ) The time to return is 4:30 p.m.. ( 扩展句 ) Please get ready for the outing. ( 扩展句 ) Wish all of us have a good time. ( 结尾句 ) Dear John, Thanks very much for the information about the English evening class.( 主题句 ) It sounds very interesting to me. ( 扩展句 ) You know I want to practise my English and make some new friends. ( 扩展句 ) I think this English evening class will be helpful to me. ( 扩展句 ) Could you please tell me a little more about the class? ( 扩展句 ) When does it begin and how much does it cost? ( 扩展句 ) Where will the class be held? ( 扩展句 ) Also, do you have any more information about what we will do in class? ( 扩展句 ) I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible. ( 结尾句 ) Yours Joe 掌握了这 5 种基本句型就能基本满足我们在日常生活中的交际要求，陈述句、疑问句、感叹句、被动语态、强调结构、 it 作引导词或形式主语的结构等等也都是由他们演变而来。如果掌握得熟练，对中考书面表达的要求就能应付自如。 二、运用 5 种基本句型应注意什么？ 句型 1 、 S 十 V （主语＋谓语） 在这种句型中，除了谓语动词是不及物动词外，我们要注意掌握这个句型的变式：有时有附加成分，有时没有附加成分。有时还需要倒装，有时还要用 it 作形式主语。在口笔头表达时，我们要根据要求，灵活使用。如： The sun was shining . （没有附加成分） He was running fast . （有附加成分） He went away . （有附加成分） We stood still in a line . （有附加成分） We went running to meet the guests . （有附加成分） We walked (for) five miles . （有附加成分） We waited (for) half an hour . We live in Jinhua . （有附加成分） We are going to meet at the school gate . （有附加成分） Here comes the bus. （倒装） 句型 2. S 十 V 十 P “ 主语＋系动词＋表语” 在这个句型结构中，联系动词是不能独立作谓语的，它必须和表语一起使用，用来说明主语的身份、特征、性质、情绪和状态等。使用这个句型，一是要注意联系动词 V ，二是要注意表语的多样性。 联系动词（ V ），除 BE 动词外，还有不少动词可以作为联系动词用。以下几类动词均可作为联系动词使用： 1. seem, appear 等表示“似乎”、“好像”等意思的动词； 2. look, taste, smell, sound, feel 等表示五官感觉的动词； 3. remain, keep 等表示“维持，保持”等意思的动词； 4. become, grow, turn, get, go, come, run, fall 等表示“变化、发展”等意思的动词； 5. 一些固定搭配。如： marry young / old, make sure / certain, sit straight / still, blow open 等。 所谓表语的多样性，意思是这些动词后的作表语词类和结构等形式是多种多样的。现结合联系动词举例说明。 The talk was over . The boys were about the same age . It is time to go to the park with my classmates. It is very nice (for me) to sit / sitting here with you. It seemed (to me) that everyone was really interested in the trip . The baby seemed to be asleep . You sound surprised . How did they become friends ? He kept quiet . The river has run dry . The meat has gone bad . The leaves are turning brown . One of the tigers broke loose . She married old . 句型 3. S 十 V 十 O “ 主语＋谓语＋宾语” 首先，我们必须明白，这里的 V 与前面两个句型中的 V 不同，它是个及物动词，必须带宾语 O ；最重要的是这个句型中的谓语动词，它对后面的宾语有一些特殊的要求。 1 ．谓语后面直接用名词或代词作宾语。如： We answered the foreign guests’ many questions in English. Our class visited a factory last Sunday. The American guests have blue eyes . 2. 谓语动词要求动词不定式作宾语。我们学过的这些动词有： continue, decide, hope, learn, plan, want, agree, promise, trouble, start, begin, would like, wish 等等。如： He wanted to have a rest . We agreed to have a talk about it . Would you like to have a look around our city ? 3. 谓语动词要求用动名词作宾语。如： continue, hate, love, start, begin, enjoy, like, dislike, prefer…to…, 以及 need, want 作实意动词表示“需要”，后面跟动名词。如： I love eating apples . She lives listening to light music . They started learning English three years ago. My bike needs mending . 4 ．谓语动词后面既可以用不定式，也可以用动名词作宾语。如： like, begin, start, love, hate 等等。如： She likes swimming . He began talking about his country . I love walking to schools . 但是，如果 begin, start 后面的是正在进行的动作，一般用动词不定式作宾语。如： It began to rain. 有些动词后面可以跟动名词，也可以跟不定式，但是意思不同，有的在语法上已经不是宾语。如： remember, forget, stop 等。 请比较： Please remember to wake me up at six in the morning. I remembered meeting him before . He forgot to bring an umbrella with him . He forgot returning the book to the library . We were tired so we stopped to have a rest at the foot of the hill. I stopped having a look at the beautiful garden . 5. 有时，根据表达需要，谓语动词后面要跟“疑问代词＋动词不定式”或从句作宾语。如： ask, know, see, tell, decide, think, learn 等等。 I don’t know who to go to for advice (who I should go…) . You must learn when to give advice and when to be silent (when you should … ) . I will ask / find out when the train leaves. I think that he is our new teacher . 句型 4. S 十 V 十 O1 十 O2 “ 主语＋谓语＋双宾语” 英语中有的动词要跟双宾语，一个是直接宾语，一个是间接宾语。这个句型中，双宾语同样是由谓语动词决定的。跟双宾语的动词有： give, show, send, bring, read, pass, leave, hand, tell, return, write, pay, throw, allow, wish, teach 以及 make,buy, do, get, play, save, sing, find 等两大类。后面的宾语可以是名词或代词，也可以是从句。间接宾语有时可以改写城一个由 to 或 for 引导的短语，意思不变。 He told us that the road was wet . Have they paid you the money ? I will read you the letter . Could you lend me your computer ? We give the classroom a good cleaning very weekend. Will you give me a hand ? He passed the dictionary to me . My mother bought a present for me . 句型 5. S 十 V 十 O 十 C “ 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语” “ 宾语＋宾语补足语”主要有四种类型： ⑴名词（代词）＋ 不定式； ⑵名词（代词）＋ 分词； ⑶名词（代词）＋ 名词 ( 仅限于 find, make, call, consider 等动词 ) ； ⑷名词（代词）＋ 形容词 ( 仅限于 find, keep, make, leave, like, regard, see 等动词 ) 。例如： I will let you know as soon as I hear from her. The teacher asked us to work hard at our lessons after class . The foreigner said that he found us speaking very good English . When we got there, we found the park crowded with people . He kept it a secret until he had succeeded. We made him our monitor . What do we call this plant in English? We must keep the room clean . Let’s get everything ready in time. The news made us very angry . 综观以上 5 种句型 , 我们可以看出 , 在表达的内容决定了之后，决定句型的核心成分就是动词。动词往往决定着我们该用的句型，决定着它后面的表语和宾语的形式。因此，在练习书面表达时，我们有必要以这 5 种基本句型为主线，以提高表达能力为目标，以动词的掌握和使用为重点，进行分项专题练习，熟练掌握以上 5 种基本句型，期望在中考中取得好成绩。 金华市 2010 年中考英语作文题目 暑假时每个中学生期盼的一段时光，请你围绕如何过一个轻松、愉快、有意义的暑假，写一篇 80 字左右的英语短文。   　 注意：　 1 、文中不得出现真实的姓名、校名。   2 、下列词汇可供参考： summer holiday, travel, do sports, do some reading, help … with, housework, take part in …   3 、题目自拟。   My Dream Summer Holiday The summer holiday is coming. After so much work at school, how I want to relax myself!  My first choice is to watch TV and do more sports. Then I will help myparentswith some housework. After all, they have done so much for me. Besides,  visiting the World Expo is my biggest wish. At the same time, I will continue to study,especiallyto  improve my English. I also want to take part in some interesting activities, which can enrich my experience.  That is my dream summer holiday. I ’ m sure my holiday will be relaxing, happy and  meaningful! 2011 年 看图表达 根据下面的图画，请你用英语写一篇短文。包括 6 — 9 个句子。短文要求达意、正确、连贯。 One possible version New Year's Day is coming. Some students are going to hold a party on New Year's Eve. Now they are busy getting ready for it. A boy is carrying some food and a box of drinks into the classroom while others are working hard to make the classroom nice and clean for the party. Look, a girl is making some paper flowers and a boy is writing "Happy New Year" and drawing some pictures on the blackboard. Over there two students are cleaning the windows and desks. I think they will have a wonderful party and enjoy themselves a lot. 2012 年金华考题 本周，你们班来了位外籍教师 Margate 假如你是李明，请用英语给 Margate 写一封信，描述你们班英语学习的现状并表达你的愿望。 Present situation Your hope a lot of written work more activities too much Chinese practice speaking English too much grammar Learn English songs … … 注意：（ 1 ）表格中的内容仅供参考，允许自由发挥      （ 2 ）信的格式及首尾已给出，不计入总词数。      （ 3 ）词数： 80 ～ 100 。 Dear Margaret, I am Li Ming, a student in the class. _____________________________________________ Looking forward to a big change in our class. Yours, Li Ming One possible version  Dear Margaret, I am Li Mine, a student in the class. I am writing to tell you about our English learning. At present, we have a lot of written work to do. Also, we speak too much Chinese m class, which doesn‘t help a lot. And we are learning too much grammar. It’s just difficult and boring. Besides, we don ， t like copying texts, either. , , So I hope in your class, we can have more activities like discussion or role playing. Don t you think they will help to practice speaking English? And we'll be happy if we can learn some English songs or watch English movies. Looking forward to a big change in our class. ( 94 words) Yours. Li Ming 金华市 2013 年中考英语书面表达 你校组织一次与澳大利亚交流生的交流活动，主题为   “ My Dream School ” . 请根据表中的提示词，用英语写一篇发言稿，描述你理想中的高中学校。     要求：：（ 1  ）词数： 80 ～ 100 。          （ 2  ）文中不得出现真实姓名或校名   。   （ 3  ）开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 金华市 2013 年中考英语书面表达 Campus ( 校园） Teachers  ＆  classmates In class After class. large, beautiful, … kind, friendly, … free to choose subjects, a lot of practice … clubs and sports, a little homework. …   My Dream School   Ladies and gentlemen,    I’d like to share with you my dream school . _____________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening .   My Dream School Ladies and gentlemen, I'd like to share with you my dream school. The moment you enter this school, you will see a large and beautiful campus with trees and flowers here and there. In this school, we are living like a big family. Teachers here are kind as parents and classmates get along well with each other like brothers and sisters. When in class we are free to choose what we are interested in and are given a lot of time to practice. After class, instead of doing much homework, we can join different kinds of clubs and do whatever sports we like. What do you think of my dream high school? That’s all. Thanks for listening.  2014 书面表达 ( 本题有 2 小题；第 81 题 5 分，第 82 题 15 分，共 20 分 ) 81 ．来自美国的 Ronnie Smith 是你校新来的英语教师，下面是他本周末的出行意向表。 This Weekend’s Trip Purpose( 目的 ) ： to learn about Chinese culture The place to go ： somewhere special Transportation ： by bus ， by bike or on foot 请你根据表中提供的信息，完成下面的短文。 Hello ， I ’ m Ronnie.I ’ ve stayed here for nearly a month. I want to learn about __ (1) __. So I ’ d like to have a trip to __ (2) __ ， but I don ’ t know where to go.Can you give me some advice? What’s more ， it ’ s OK for me to go there by bus, __ (3) __ or on foot. Will you be free __ (4) __ ？ Would you like to be my guide and share it with me? Please __ (5) __ ． Hello ， I ’ m Ronnie.I ’ ve stayed here for nearly a month. I want to learn about __ (1) __. So I ’ d like to have a trip to __ (2) __ ， but I don ’ t know where to go.Can you give me some advice? What’s more ， it ’ s OK for me to go there by bus, __ (3) __ or on foot. Will you be free __ (4) __ ？ Would you like to be my guide and share it with me? Please __ (5) __ ． 81.  (1)Chinese culture  (2) somewhere special/ a special place/ someplace special/… (3) by bike      (4) this weekend/ this Saturday/ this Sunday… (5) email me/send me an email/ send an email to me/ call me/send me a letter/give me a reply Plan A Plan B Where to visit Art Museum Culture Village How to go ... ... What to do enjoy Chinese paintings learn about paper cutting... watch traditional shows enjoy local food... 82 ．假设你是 Ronnie 的学生李明，本周末很乐意当他的向导。 请你根据 Ronnie 的出行意向，选择一种你喜欢的方案，用英语写一封 email 发给 Ronnie 。 要求： (1) 内容必须包括你所选方案对应的表中信息，可适当发挥； (2) 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名与地名； (3) 词数 80 — 100 ，开头已写好，但不计入总词数。 To ： Ronnie@hotmail.com From ： Liming123@sina.com Subject ： This Weekend’s Trip Dear Ronnie ， I ’ m very glad to be your guide. The place I advise you to visit is _______________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ Yours ， Li Ming One possible version Dear Ronnie,  I'm very glad to be your guide. The place I advise you to visit is the  Culture Village. I think it’s the best place to learn Chinese culture that  you're interested in. We'd better go there by bus, because it's a little far  from our school. The moment we get there, we can watch traditional  shows which may he different from those in your country. They are so  interesting that you’ll know a lot about the lifestyle in villages. Then we  can enjoy local food, for example,  jiaozi —  a kind of dumplings. If you prefer, you can learn to make it in person. How about taking a camera with you so that we can take some photos?  I' m sure we'll enjoy ourselves there. Yours ， Li Ming 2015 你班新转入一位来自澳大利亚的同学，名叫 Sophia, 请根据表格提供的信息，写一篇短文，介绍及班级的情况，并对的到来表示欢迎。 About Sophia About the class from Sydney,15 years old hard-working out-going , happy  Helpful ， get along well good at swimming groupwork   … … 注意：（ 1 ）短文内容可适当增加。 （ 2 ）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。 （ 3 ）词数 80~100 。 （ 4 ）短文首句只供选择使用，不计入总词数。 One possible version May I have your attention,please? I'd like to introduce you a new classmate from Sydney,Australia,whose name is Sophia and she is 15. Sophia is an out-going and happy girl.She is good at swimming .  Now,Sophia.I think you are lucky enough to be a member of this big family.Everyone is hard-working and ready to help whenever you are in trouble.We all get along well and groupwork in and out of class is what we are proud of.  OK,you guys.Let’s give Sophia a warm welcome and hope she’ll enjoy her stay in this great big family. 2016 年 假如你是 No. 2 Middle School 的学生李华，下周，一批英国中学生将来你们学校进行为期两周的学习和交流。请根据下列表格中的要点，写一封自荐信，邀请其中一位学生来你家居住。 Key （要点） Words and expressions for reference 参考词汇 Like to do make friends,… Able to do good at, know English culture,… Family Friendly, helpful, able to speak English ,…. 注意 （ 1 ）短文内容可适当增加；（ 2 ）文中不得出现真实的人名和校名；（ 3 ）词数： 80---100 ； （ 4 ）短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入词数。 短文首句： I am Li Hua, a atudent from No.2 Middle School. Dear friend: _______________________________________________________________ _____________________ Yours, Li Hua One possible version Dear friend, I am Li Hua , a boy student from No.2 Middle School, I’m writing to invite you to come and stay in my home during the next two weeks. I like to make friends. This is the main reason I write this letter. I’m also good at sports and know something about British culture. Do you think we have a lot to talk about? As for my family, you will like it the moment you come, My pareots are not only kind and friendly, but also helpful,Believe is or not, they can also speak English! Do you think I am your first choice now? Looking forward to meeting you. Yours, Li Hua 英语书面表达训练 书面表达: 是中考英语中的必考题，占卷面总分的 1 2.5% ，分值为 15 分 。 中考英语 作文 评分标准 一档13-15分 包含 所有 要点，应用了 较丰富 的语言结构和词汇， 用词准确、语法正确、句子通顺、行文连贯、表达清楚，具有 较强 的语言运用能力。 二档10-12 分 基本包含 所有要点，应用了 较丰富 的语言结构和词汇，句子较通顺，表达较清楚，但有 少量 错误。 三档7-9分 内容包含了 多数 要点，语言表达过于 简单 ，句子 不够 通顺，有部分语言错误，基本上不影响总体理解。 四档4-6分 只包含了 少数 要点，语言不规范，句子无条理，行文不连贯，语言错误严重，影响理解。 五档 1 -3分 只写出与要求的内容相关的一些 信息词语 ，语言 错误多 。 六 档 0 分 空白 大病指： 单词 、 句子结构 、 谓语构成 、 语 序 、语态、时态等方面； 小病指： 名词单复数 、 第三人称单数 、 拼写、标点符号、大小写方面。 Alice is my a best friend, she come from Canada. she is very tall, hair is very long,he like sports. but I don‘t know if does she like swim? She likes chinese, and she do well in it,we all very like she. 去掉 comes She her she likes 去掉 likes swimming Chinese does 去掉 her very much For example 1.句型、结构 --- 避免出现 Chinglish 现象。 W e all very like her. W e all like her very much . √ He by bike to school. He goes to school by bike. √ 避免方法： 多记短语和句型 He walks to school . 2. 注意语法项目 人称一致 : Alice is my best friend, he likes sports. 时态 : He has gone to Guilin yesterday . 主谓一致 : This pair of shoes are mine. The shoes are new. 习惯用法 : He helps me in my English. √ she 去掉 is with 3. 注意语序 ( 感叹句，疑问句，宾语从句，倒装句 ) I don‘t know if does she like swim ming 。 she likes swim ming What a nice student is she! she is! She is a student, so I am. so am I 4 、注意： 重短 轻长 , 就易 避难。 以写 正确、通顺 为最基本要求。 2. Mr. Tang is the teacher which I like best . 1.I have a friend is called Li Ming. 去掉 I have a friend ， he is called Li Ming. Mr. Tang is a teacher, I like him best. Let’s practice! 常见错误改正： 1.We at school from Monday to Friday .We are at school from Monday to Friday. 2 .There are some grass or flowers beside the road. There is some grass and flowers beside the road 3.I think go to school by bus is the best way. I think going to school by bus is the best way. 4. They don’t know how to do They don’t know what to do it. They don’t know how to do it . They don’t know what to do . 5.They have become teachers for 30 years. They have been teachers for 30 years. 6.He teaches our English. He teaches us English. How can we write a good composition? 文章的形成过程： 单词 短语，结构 句子 文章 可见： 句子在书面表达中起着 举足轻重 的作用，因此， 句子的训练 成为写文章的必要手段之一。 分析文章的形成过程 方法一 ：用以前所记忆的短语和结构造句。 他总是鼓励我们努力学习。 她的父母不允许她 晚上一个人出去。 方法二 : 多记同义句和同义词。 他还没到上学的年龄。 He is so young that he can’t go to school. He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school. He is too young to go to school. He is n’t old enough to go to school. He always encourages us to work hard. encourage sb to do sth so—that-- such-that- too—to-- enough-to do sth 训练句子的方法： Her parents don’t allow her to go out by herself at night. allow sb to do sth 例如英语九年级上有这样一句话： I’m looking forward to this. ( 仿写 1) 我正期望着收到你的来信。 I’m looking forward to hearing from you. ( 信尾使用） ( 仿写 2) 我正期望着你的答复。 I’m looking forward to your reply. ( 仿写 3) 我期望着暑假的到来。 I look forward to the summer holiday. 方法三： 仿写 方法四 ：遇到难以表达的句子，可另辟 蹊径，化难为易，化繁为简。 1. 我们应该守时 2. 我们不应该闯红灯 (traffic lights) 我们应该按时做每件事 . 当交通灯是红灯时 , 我们不应该过马路 . We should do everything on time We shouldn’t go across the road when the traffic lights are red. 审—列—加—连—美—查—誊 书面表达七步法 。 审：认真审题，找出文章要表达的中心及要求。 书面表达第一步：审 节约资源,保护环境,从我们身边的小事做起。Li Ming 是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生，假设你是他, 请以 “My Low-carbon Life”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。 要点： ( 1 ) 每天步行上学 ; ( 2) 离开教室时，关灯、电扇、电视等； （ 3 ）不用水时，记得关水龙头，循环使用水； （ 4 ）充分使用纸张（ 5 ）不使用塑料袋。 参考词： on foot, turn off, tap( 水龙头 ), reuse, make full use of, plastic bag 写作要求：（1） 内容包括所提供的信息及要点，可适当发挥，但不要逐条翻译；（2） 不得透露考生姓名、学校等信息。 文章中心 : 我叫李明 ( 全部考生都叫李明 ) ，我的低碳生活 要求 : 1. 80词左右 2. 写作要求 (1)(2) 列： 用简单的句子和短语列出文章的要点 . 书面表达第二步：列 I go to school on foot every day. / I walk to school every day. 2. remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans 3. turn off the tap. reuse water. 4. I make full use of paper. 5. Don’t use plastic bags I go to school on foot every day./ I walk to school every day. 2. I always remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom. 3. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water. for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers. 4. I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper. 5. I use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when I go shopping . 为了 衔接紧密 和 避免逐条翻译的嫌疑 ，可 以在适当的地方添加事例或紧密相连的话 , 然后连成句。 加：加首尾，使文章结构完整。可以采用 总分总，分总 结构。开头和结尾应注意简洁，漂亮，最好采用开门见山的形式，结尾应注意与题目或开头相呼应，并且要扣题有力。 书面表达第三步：加 My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I like having a low-carbon life. 结尾： It’s important for us to protect the environment. It’s important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment. 开头： （比较） √ 连：恰当运用连接词，使文章层次清晰，各部分衔接自然。 书面表达第四步：连 1. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water. for example , when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers 。 2 .I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper 恰当的连接词 时间顺序 first, second, then, finally/at last, soon, suddenly 空间顺序 here, there, next to, in front of, at the back of 对称顺序 on one hand, on the other hand 转折顺序 but, however, though 因果顺序 because, as, thanks to, as a result (of) 条件 if, unless 递进顺序 what’s more, besides, 插入语 I think, I’m afraid, you know, as we all know 书面表达第五步：美 美：写好词句，美化文章。在 有把握的情况下 展示自己 的语言功底。 1. I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper . I make full use of paper because I think saving paper is necessary . 2. She can swim, so can I . She can swim, I can swim, too 3 . He helped an old man who was lost yesterday. He helped an old man yesterday, the old man was lost . better better 但要注意 ：一般的同学一定要以 写 正确/通顺 的简单句为最基本要求，切勿一味地追求高水平，反而弄巧成拙。特别是第三句，我们班能正确运用定语从句写句子的人不多。 查： 检查 1 格式 是否正确 2 词汇 是否用对 3 是否符合 英语习惯表达 4 时态 是否正确 5 用 主动语态 好还是用 被动语态 好 6 标点 是否用对 7 人称 是否用对 8 主谓 是否一致 9. 名词的 单复数 等 书面表达第六步：查 誊：誊写。将检查后的作文整洁 地抄写在横线上 注意： 卷面整洁不一定加分， 卷面潦草一定要扣分 。 书面表达第七步：誊 My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I like having a low-carbon life. I go to school on foot every day. I always remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water, for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers. I never use plastic bags. I think saving paper is necessary, so I often make full use of paper. It’s important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment. a nice head( 总 ) a nice body （分） a nice tail （总） how to write a good composition 开头 : 开门见山 中间 结尾 : 与主题相呼应 强劲有力 书面表达 七步法 （审-列-加-连-美-查-誊） 抓要点 找连接词 造好句 连句成段 假设你们班正在开展“争当文明学生”为主题班会的活动， 同学们在讨论会上都踊跃发言。请根据下列词汇，以 “ To be polite students” 为题用英语写一篇短文谈谈你的 看法。字数 80 作左右 . 要点： 1. 在校对老师有礼貌； 2. 按时完成作业，不抄别人的 ; 3. 积极参加各种课外活动 ; 4. 在公共场合对人友好 , 礼待他人 ; 5. 给老人和带小孩的人让座 ; 6. 不乱丢垃圾 . 提示 :at school, polite ， copy ， after-school activities ， in public ， friendly ， for example ， on a bus, litter sth about ， protect the environment 用书面表达七步法写这篇短文。 英语书面表达训练 书面表达: 中考英语中的必考题，占卷面总分的 1 0% ，分值为 15 分 。 中考英语 作文 评分标准 一档13-15分 包含 所有 要点，应用了 较丰富 的语言结构和词汇， 用词准确、语法正确、句子通顺、行文连贯、表达清楚，具有 较强 的语言运用能力。 二档10-12 分 基本包含 所有要点，应用了 较丰富 的语言结构和词汇，句子较通顺，表达较清楚，但有 少量 错误。 三档7-9分 内容包含了 多数 要点，语言表达过于 简单 ，句子 不够 通顺，有部分语言错误，基本上不影响总体理解。 四档4-6分 只包含了 少数 要点，语言不规范，句子无条理，行文不连贯，语言错误严重，影响理解。 五档 1 -3分 只写出与要求的内容相关的一些 信息词语 ，语言 错误多 。 六 档 0 分 空白 大病指： 单词 、 句子结构 、 谓语构成 、 语序 、语态、时态等方面； 小病指： 名词单复数 、 第三人称单数 、拼写、标点符号、大小写方面。 1.句型、结构 --- 避免出现 Chinglish 现象。 W e all very like her. W e all like her very much . √ He by bike to school. He goes to school by bike. √ 避免方法： 多记短语和句型 He walks to school . 2 注意语法项目 人称一致 : Alice is my best friend, he likes sports. 时态 : He has gone to Guilin yesterday . 主谓一致 : This pair of shoes are mine. The shoes are new. 习惯用法 : He helps me in my English. √ she 去掉 is with 4. 注意语序 ( 感叹句，疑问句，宾语从句，倒装句 ) I don ’t know if does she like swim ming 。 she likes swim ming What a nice student is she! she is! She is a student, so I am. so am I 5 、注意： 重短 轻长 , 就易 避难。 以写 正确、通顺 为最基本要求。 2. Mr Tang is the teacher that I like best . 1.I have a friend is called Li Ming. 去掉 I have a friend ， he is called Li Ming. Mr Tang is a teacher, I like him best. Let’s practice! 常见错误改正： 1.We at school from Monday to Friday .We are at school from Monday to Friday. 2 .There are some grass or flowers beside the road. There is some grass and flowers beside the road 3.I think go to school by bus is the best way. I think going to school by bus is the best way. 4. They don’t know how to do They don’t know what to do it. They don’t know how to do it . They don’t know what to do . 5.They have become teachers for 30 years. They have been teachers for 30 years. 6.He teaches our English. .He teaches us English. How can we write a good composition? words——phrases—— sentences ——composition 方法一 ：用以前所记忆的短语和结构造句。 他总是鼓励我们努力学习。 她的父母不允许她 晚上一个人出去。 方法二 : 多记同义句和同义词。 他还没到上学的年龄。 He is so young that he can’t go to school. He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school. He is too young to go to school. He is n’t old enough to go to school. He always encourages us to work hard. encourage sb to do sth so—that-- such-that- too—to-- enough-to do sth 训练句子的方法： Her parents don’t allow her to go out by herself at night. allow sb to do sth 例如英语九年级上有这样一句话： I’m looking forward to this. ( 仿写 1) 我正期望着收到你的来信。 I’m looking forward to hearing from you. ( 信尾使用） ( 仿写 2) 我正期望着你的答复。 I’m looking forward to your reply. ( 仿写 3) 我期望着暑假的到来。 I look forward to the summer holiday. 方法三： 仿写 方法四 ：遇到难以表达的句子，可另辟 蹊径，化难为易，化繁为简。 1. 我们应该守时 2. 我们不应该闯红灯 (traffic lights) 我们应该按时做每件事 . 当交通灯是红灯时 , 我们不应该过马路 . We should do everything on time We shouldn’t go across the road when the traffic lights are red. 审—列—加—连—美—查—誊 书面表达七步法 。 审：认真审题，找出文章要表达的中心及要求。 书面表达第一步：审 节约资源,保护环境,从我们身边的小事做起。Li Ming 是一个注重“低碳”生活的中学生，假设你是他, 请以 “My Low-carbon Life”为题，写一篇80词左右的短文，简单描述自己的“低碳生活”。 要点： ( 1 ) 每天步行上学 ; ( 2) 离开教室时，关灯、电扇、电视等； （ 3 ）不用水时，记得关水龙头，循环使用水； （ 4 ）充分使用纸张（ 5 ）不使用塑料袋。 参考词： on foot, turn off, tap( 水龙头 ), reuse, make full use of, plastic bag 写作要求：（1） 内容包括所提供的信息及要点，可适当发挥，但不要逐条翻译；（2） 不得透露考生姓名、学校等信息。 文章中心 : 我叫李明 ( 全部考生都叫李明 ) ，我的低碳生活 要求 : 1. 80词左右 2. 写作要求 (1)(2) 列： 用简单的句子和短语列出文章的要点 . 书面表达第二步：列 I go to school on foot every day. / I walk to school every day. 2. remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans 3. turn off the tap. reuse water. 4. I make full use of paper. 5. Don’t use plastic bags I go to school on foot every day./ I walk to school every day. 2. I always remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom. 3. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water. for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers. 4. I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper. 5. I use cloth bags instead of plastic bags when I go shopping . 为了 衔接紧密 和 避免逐条翻译的嫌疑 ，可 以在适当的地方添加事例或紧密相连的话 , 然后连成句。 加：加首尾，使文章结构完整。可以采用 总分总，分总 结构。开头和结尾应注意简洁，漂亮，最好采用开门见山的形式，结尾应注意与题目或开头相呼应，并且要扣题有力。 书面表达第三步：加 My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I like having a low-carbon life. 结尾： It’s important for us to protect the environment. It’s important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment. 开头： （比较） √ 连：恰当运用连接词，使文章层次清晰，各部分衔接自然。 书面表达第四步：连 1. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water. for example , when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers 。 2 .I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper 恰当的连接词 时间顺序 first, second, then, finally/at last, soon, suddenly 空间顺序 here, there, next to, in front of, at the back of 对称顺序 on one hand, on the other hand 转折顺序 but, however, though 因果顺序 because, as, thanks to, as a result (of) 条件 if, unless 递进顺序 what’s more, besides, 插入语 I think, I’m afraid, you know, as we all know 书面表达第五步：美 美：写好词句，美化文章。在 有把握的情况下 展示自己 的语言功底。 1. I think saving paper is necessary, so I make full use of paper . I make full use of paper because I think saving paper is necessary . 2. She can swim, so can I . She can swim, I can swim, too 3 . He helped an old man who was lost yesterday. He helped an old man yesterday, the old man was lost . better better 但要注意 ：一般的同学一定要以 写 正确/通顺 的简单句为最基本要求，切勿一味地追求高水平，反而弄巧成拙。特别是第三句，我们班能正确运用定语从句写句子的人不多。 查： 检查 1 格式 是否正确 2 词汇 是否用对 3 是否符合 英语习惯表达 4 时态 是否正确 5 用 主动语态 好还是用 被动语态 好 6 标点 是否用对 7 人称 是否用对 8 主谓 是否一致 9. 名词的 单复数 等 书面表达第六步：查 誊：誊写。将检查后的作文整洁 地抄写在横线上 注意： 横线就是我们英语作业本的第三条线（基准线），小写字母 都要穿过这条线。 卷面整洁不一定加分， 卷面潦草一定要扣分 。 书面表达第七步：誊 f /g /j /p /q /y My name is Li Ming. I am a middle school student. I like having a low-carbon life. I go to school on foot every day. I always remember to turn off the lights, the TV and the fans when I leave the classroom. When I am not using water, I always turn off the tap. I often reuse water, for example, when I finish washing the clothes, I use the water to clean the floor and water flowers. I never use plastic bags. I think saving paper is necessary, so I often make full use of paper. It’s important for us to live a low-carbon life to protect the environment. a nice head( 总 ) a nice body （分） a nice tail （总） how to write a good composition 开头 : 开门见山 中间 结尾 : 与主题相呼应 强劲有力 书面表达 七步法 （审-列-加-连-美-查-誊） 抓要点 找连接词 造好句 连句成段 假设你们班正在开展“争当文明学生”为主题班会的活动， 同学们在讨论会上都踊跃发言。请根据下列词汇，以 “ To be polite students” 为题用英语写一篇短文谈谈你的 看法。字数 80 作左右 . 要点： 1. 在校对老师有礼貌； 2. 按时完成作业，不抄别人的 ; 3. 积极参加各种课外活动 ; 4. 在公共场合对人友好 , 礼待他人 ; 5. 给老人和带小孩的人让座 ; 6. 不乱丢垃圾 . 提示 :at school, polite ， copy ， after-school activities ， in public ， friendly ， for example ， on a bus, litter sth about ， protect the environment 用书面表达七步法写这篇短文。 Rome wasn’t built in a day! Practice makes perfect! 中考英语书面表达题型的解题技巧     中考中的书面表达题，主要有 “ 补全对话 ” 、 “ 看图填词 ” 、 “ 看图写话 ” 、 “ 看图作答 ” 、 “ 看图完成短文 ” 、 “ 看图完成句子 ” 和 “ 根据提示的内容，完成某项写作 ” 等形式。这类题型的考试目的在于：通过书面形式测试考生口头会话和作简单书面表达的能力。 下面作一简单介绍：     一、测试要点    一般说来，测试的主要内容都是以日常生活 为背景，进行简单的会话或写作。例如： 问候、问路、看病、打电话、购物、自我介绍等功能意念项目和简单的应用文 ，例如：便条、通知、短信等。一个题目写 10 个左右的句子，字数为 80 － 100 个左右。      二、日常训练与应试注意事项    1. 平时要注意句型与对话的学习，注意听说训练，积极参与听说训练的教学活动，以达到会话相当熟练的程度。     2. 在会话中，注意常在情景中使用的习惯用语、套语的归纳和应用，做到脱口而出，应对如流。   3. 注意口语与书面语的区别及一些特殊的表达方法，做题时一定要瞻前顾后，既要看到前面的内容，又要看到后面的语句；既要符合习惯用法，又要注意表达的准确性。     4. 要经常进行日常应用文和命题作文的学习与训练。 如何学习写英语作文。 一、围绕中心，拟定提纲 我们在进行写作时，要根据短文的中心思想考虑如何开头、展开和结尾，设想几个承上启下的连词。将主要句型、关键词语草草记下，形成提纲，写时切忌结构分散，废话连篇，严重跑题。英语作文，内容广泛，题材多样，要弄清写作的要求是写人、叙事、介绍、通知、评论、图表、书信、日记、通知、便条还是看图作文或改写缩写。如果是日记，要写明（年、）月、日和天气情况，如果是书信，则要注意书信的格式，注意短文字数不要低于或超过规定的字数太多。   二、语言通顺，表达准确 １、避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。几种句型可交替使用，以避免重复和呆板。 ２、多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型。 ３、注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。 ① 语态、时态要准确无误。 ② 主谓语要一致。主语的人称和数要和谓语一致。 ③ 注意人称代词的宾格形式。 ④ 注意冠词用法，例如： He is an honest student. 中的 an 不能写成 a 。 标点符号特别注意汉英的不同。例如： 汉语 英语 A. 句号 。 . B. 省略号 …… … C. 顿号 、 无 ４、描写人物时，要生动具体 ① 外表特征： （ tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking 等） ② 服饰颜色： （ red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black 等） ③ 内心境界： （ glad, happy, sad, excited, interested 等） ④ 感情描写： （ love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout 等） ⑤ 动作描写： （ come, go, get, have, take, bring 等）   三、不会表达，另辟蹊径 中考作文给分是以要点和语言准确度而定，不以文采来打分。造句越简单准确越好。造复合句容易出错，容易被扣分，阅卷场上有句话： “ 错误面前人人平等，文采好不多给分。 ” 如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达，可采用变通的办法，化难为易，化繁为简。总之，所造句子要正确、得体、符合英语表达习惯。 １．迂回而行 当汉语词义不会用英语表达时，可以想一个与这个汉语词义相似的几种词义。扩展思路，然后从英语中找出一个与其对得上号的来代替。这样可有异曲同工之妙。 ２．小词大用 汉语中有些语意看来很复杂很文雅，但在英语中常可用一些常用词来表达。下面这些词可能在你的书面表达中有用： take, have, get, make, come, go, do, see, show, happy, nice, kind, help 等。 ３．借花献佛 有时书面表达中需要的单词或词组或许在试卷中的其他地方出现。因为你刚刚做过题，记忆犹新。那么就可信手拈来，为我所用。 四、锦上添花，量力而行 如果你还有时间和精力，想把书面表达写得更好，那么，请注意以下几点： １．句型多样化，不要 I (We) …… 到底，使人觉得乏味； ２．适当使用一些并列句或主从复合句； ３．进一步描绘人或事物时，适当使用定语从句； （ 2003 年常州市）根据要点提示写一篇短文。要求：语法正确，意思连贯，书写规范，要点齐全。词数 60 － 80 （标点符号不计入总词数）。 要点提示： 1 ．上星期天上午我一直在图书馆看书。 2 ．走出图书馆发现自行车不在了，只好步行回家。 3 ．昨天去买车，款式很多难以挑选 4 ．店主说，常州产的金狮自行车物美价廉，我买了一辆蓝色的。 看个例题吧！ 思路点拨： 本篇书面表达比较简单，同学主要应注意以下几点： 1 ．因为是叙述一件已经发生过的事情，所以全文一定要注意时态统一，用过去时态。有的同学在句中有表示过去时间的词语时，能注意运用正确时态，而其他情况下容易混淆。 2 ．一件事情总有其发展的先后顺序，所以在叙述时一定要注意事情发展的条理，注意前后语句的连贯性。 3 ．要注意词的运用，如 walk ， home ， Jinshi bikes ， made ， in Changzhou ． 参考范文 Last Sunday morning I was in the library ． When I got out of it ， I found my bike wasn't there ． I had to walk home ． Yesterday I went to buy a new one ． There were many kinds of bikes in the shop ． I couldn't decide which to choose ． Then the shopkeeper told me that Jinshi bikes made in Changzhou were nice and cheap ． So I bought a blue one ． 1 ．（ 2003 年福州市）根据中文提示和英文提示词语，写一篇意思连贯、符合逻辑的短文。所给英文提示词语必须都用上。词数 60 － 70 左右。 （ 1 ）昨天晚上我和妈妈出去散步。（ 2 ）在路上我们遇见了一个外国人。（ 3 ）他向我询问如何去温泉饭店。（ 4 ）我告诉他沿路往前走，在第三个转弯处向左拐就能看见饭店。（ 5 ）他非常感谢我，我也为能帮他而高兴。 提示词语： go out for a walk ， on the road ， the way to ， walk along ， on the left ， thank for ， be happy that ． 怎么样，会了吗？做几个中考题练练吧！ 参考答案： 1 ． Yesterday evening ， I went out for a walk with my mother ． On the road ， we met a foreigner ． He asked me the way to the Hot Spring Hotel ． I told him to walk along the road and take the third turning on the left ， then he could see the hotel ． He thanked me very much for my help ． I was happy that I could help him ． 2 ．（ 2003 年黄冈市）小明做了一个梦。他梦见自己为北京奥运会做一名志愿者：他努力帮助来自世界各国的外国朋友 …… 在交谈中，小明让外国朋友更多地了解北京。外国朋友感谢小明，并认为小明的英语非常好。小明很高兴，他甜蜜地笑了 …… 请你根据设定的梦境并加以想象，写一段 80 词左右的短文。开始语和结束语均已给出（不计入总词数）。 内容要求： （ 1 ）帮助外国朋友；（ 2 ）与外国朋友交谈；（ 3 ）感谢小明；（ 4 ）小明很高兴。 词汇参考： try （ do ） one's best ， find （ that ）， heavy （ lost ）， carry （ show ， take ）， taxi （ car ， bike ）， on the way ， talk with （ about ） 2 ． Xiao Ming had a dream last night ． In the dream ， he volunteered to serve the Beijing Olympics ． He tried his best to help the foreign friends from different countries ． When he found a foreign friend worried in the street ， he went up to him and asked him what was the matter ． The foreigner told Xiao Ming he was Jack ， and he forgot the way to the Sun Hotel ． Then Xiao Ming stopped a taxi and took him to the Sun Hotel ． Xiao Ming talked with Jack on the way and made Jack know more about Beijing ． Jack thanked Xiao Ming very much and thought Xiao Ming's English was very good ． Xiao Ming was very happy ． He smiled and smiled ， then he woke up ． 3 ．（ 2003 年重庆市）根据内容要求写一篇 50 － 80 词的短文。要求：书写格式正确，语句通畅、流畅，无语法错误。 内容提要：今年四月 AAPP 要在重庆召开，外国友人受到重庆人民的热烈欢迎。外国友人说： “ 重庆变化很大，街道清洁，灯火明亮，城市秀美，人更美，人们将记住重庆，重庆的明天会越来越好。 ” 3 ． In April this year the AAPP was held in Chongqing ． The foreign friends were warmly welcomed by Chongqing people ． The foreign friends said ， “ Chongqing has changed a lot ． The streets are clean ， the lights are bright ， the city is beautiful ， and the people are friendly ． Chongqing will be remembered and her tomorrow will become better and better ．  4 ．（ 2002 年安徽省）安徽黄山被联合国教科文组织定为世界自然文化遗产。假设外国友人到你校参观后，准备去旅游。请根据要点向外国友人简单介绍黄山（ the Yellow Mountain ）。 （ 1 ）位于安徽南部，是中国著名的旅游胜地。每年有大批中外游客前去旅游观光。（ 2 ）乘汽车去大约要花 3 个小时；也可以乘火车或飞机去。（ 3 ）登山便可领略其云海（ the sea of clouds ）、奇松（ wondrous pines ）、怪石（ unique rocks ）等秀丽的风景及清晨美丽的日出。 注意 1 词数： 80 词左右。 2 请不要逐字翻译。 4 ． The Yellow Mountain is one of the most famous mountains in China ． It lies in the south of Anhui ． Every year thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there ． It's not far from here ． It takes you about three hours to get there by bus ． You can also go there by train or by plane ． While you are climbing the mountain ， you can enjoy the sea of clouds ， wondrous pines and unique rocks around you ． In the early morning when the sun rises ， the sky looks very beautiful ． It's really a nice place to visit ．