深圳小学小升初英语总复习四形容词副词比较级最高级 9页

形容词和副词的比较级、最高级 ‎ Part Ⅰ、复习上节课内容（课后作业讲解）‎ Part Ⅱ、精讲精练 ((典型例题 方法指导) ‎ 第6讲 形容词副词 形容词和副词的比较级、最高级 ‎（Comparison of Adjectives and Adverbs）‎ I. 形容词比较级和最高级的形式 一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成 构 成 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级 ‎① 一般单音节词末尾加-er 和 -est strong stronger strongest ‎② 单音节词如果以-e结尾，只加-r 和-st strange stranger strangest ‎③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母， 须先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er和-est sad big hot sadder bigger hotter saddest biggest hottest ‎④ 少数以-y, -er(或-ure), -ow, -ble结尾的双音节词， 末尾加-er和-est ‎(以-y结尾的词，如y前是辅音字母， 把y变成i，再加-er和-est，‎ 以-e结尾的词仍加-r和-st)‎ angry clever narrow noble angrier cleverer narrower nobler angriest cleverest narrowest noblest ‎⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most difficult more difficult most difficult 二、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级 good / well ‎ better ‎ best bad / ill worse ‎ worst many / much more ‎ most little few less least far ‎ farther / further ‎ farthest / furthest II.               副词比较级和最高级的形式 副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样。‎ 一、一般副词 hard→harder →hardest fast→faster →fastest late→later →latest early→earlier →earliest 二、特殊副词 well →better →best much →more →most badly →worse →worst little →less →least ‎ 三、开放类副词 开放类副词即以后缀-ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加-er或-est，而应在副词原形前加more或most。如：quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly ‎ III.           形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法 一、比较级 ‎1．比较级通常由 “形容词(副词)比较级+than+…” 构成，表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加……”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、-ing结构和-ed结构，有时也可省去than。如：‎ Mary is happier than Jane. 玛丽比珍妮幸福。（形容词和系词连用）‎ He lives more happily than I. 他过得比我幸福。（副词修饰行为动词）‎ ‎2．注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致。如：‎ The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than it did for us.‎ Sound travels faster through water than through air. ‎ ‎3． 比较级前还可用much, even, still, a little等词语来修饰，表示“……得多”，“甚至……”， “更……”，“……一些”等意思。如：‎ Japan is a little larger than Germany. 日本比德国大一点儿。‎ 用“…times + 形容词的比较级 + than…”句式表示倍数；用“表示数量的词 + 比较级”来表示具体的比较差别。如：‎ Our room is twice larger than theirs. 我们的房间比他们的大两倍。‎ He is a head taller than I. 他比我高一头。 ‎ ‎4．隐含比较级 ‎1）有时比较级并不一定出现than，这时通过上下文可暗示出。如：‎ Are you feeling better now? 你现在感觉好些了吗？‎ ‎2）有些形容词在表示比较的时候，跟“to”而不用“than”。如：‎ prior to 较早的，较重要的 superior to优越，高于 inferior to 下等的，次的 senior to 年长的，地位高的 junior to年幼的，地位低的，迟的 preferable to 更好的 ‎ The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。‎ In maths he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。‎ He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。‎ Health without riches is preferable to riches without health. 贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。‎ 二、最高级 ‎1．最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句” (如of all, of the three, in the world, that has ever taken place等)。如：‎ Of all of the writers in England, William Shakespeare is the most widely known. ‎ ‎2．副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the。如： He runs fastest of the three. 三个人中他跑得最快。‎ ‎3．当用介词短语表明形容词最高级的比较范围，作介词宾语的名词或代词与句中的主语属同一类人或物，并把主语包括在内时，用介词of；如不属于同一类人或物，而只说明在某一时间、空间范围内的比较时，用介词in。如：‎ He is the tallest of the four boys. ( He 与boy属同类)‎ He is the tallest in our class. ( He与 class不属同类) ‎ ‎4．可以用原级，比较级，最高级三种形式来表示最高级的意思。如：‎ She is the best student in her class. ‎ She is better than any other student in her class. ‎ No other student in her class is better than she. ‎ No other student in her class is as good as she.‎ 形容词练习 ‎1.写出下列形容词的比较级及最高级形式。‎ ‎1.nice 2. hot 3. slow 4. late 5. happy 6.fat 7.heavy ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9.far 10.wide 11.good/well 12.beautiful 13.bad/ill ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎14.much/many 15.clever 16.important 8.thin ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.将下列各组单词重新排序.使构成有意义地词组。‎ ‎1. fat, the, cat, white_____________________________________‎ ‎2. Olympics, green, a, great____________________________________‎ ‎3. expensive, that, jacket, brown_________________________________‎ ‎4.an, book., interesting, thick_________________________________‎ ‎5. round, three, plates, yellow___________________________________‎ ‎3.根据括号中的形容词.用as…as…或than写出表示比较的句子。‎ ‎1. I weigh 48 kilograms(公斤)and my brother weighs 52 kilograms.(heavy)‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________‎ ‎2. My ring costs 100 yuan and your ring costs 2000 yuan.(expensive)‎ ‎ _______________________________________________________________‎ ‎3. This pool is 20 meters long and that pool is 30 meters long.(long)‎ ‎ ________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4. There are twenty-one boys and sixteen girls in our class.(large)‎ ‎ ________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5. Andy ’s mother and father are both 36 years old.(old)‎ ‎ _________________________________________________________________‎ 副词练习 ‎1.把下列形容词变成副词 ‎1.good 2. bad 3. easy 4.happy 5.loud 6.slow 7.deep 8.careful 9.sad 10.quiet 11.angry 12.real ‎ ‎13.correct 14.honest 15.clear 16.quick 17.lucky 18.heavy ‎ ‎2.写出下列副词的反义词 ‎1.late 2.after 3.less 4.always ‎ ‎5.better 6.fast 7.dangerously 8.weakly ‎ ‎3.根据中文意思.连词成句.注意副词的位置和顺序 ‎1.莉莉每天七点起床。（at. every day. Lily. gets up. seven o’clock）‎ ‎ __________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.刚才他飞快地跑上楼去了。（he. ran. just now. fast. upstairs）‎ ‎ __________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.我妹妹每天早上都会在花园里愉快的唱歌。（sings. in the garden. my sister. every morning. happily）‎ ‎ ___________________________________________________________‎ ‎4.这个女孩来自美国华盛顿。（the. Washington. comes from. USA. girl）‎ ‎ ____________________________________________________________‎ ‎5.他们星期天在公园玩的很开心。（on Sunday. played. they. in the park. happily）‎ ‎ ___________________________________________________________‎ Part Ⅳ、课后作业「consolidation homework工作纸、测试卷」‎ ‎1、选择填空 ‎1. My sister is getting __________.‎ A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter C. more fatter and fatter D. more and more fatter ‎2. They are ________to us than before. ‎ A. friend B. friendly C. more friendly D. friendier ‎3. Jack is the ______ boy ________our class. ‎ A. tallest. in B. taller. in C. most tall. of D. more tall. of ‎4. It is not _______ warm _________ yesterday. Put on more clothes.‎ A. so . on B. so. in C. as .at D. as. as ‎5. Hamgzhou is one of _________cities I have visited.‎ A. beautiful B. beauitifulier C. more beautiful D. the most beautiful ‎2.选择填空 ‎1. -------How was the weather yesterday?‎ ‎--------It was terrible. It snowed ________.He could ________come back in time.‎ A. hard. hard B. heavy. hardly C. heavily. hard D. hard. hardly ‎2. -------Do you wash clothes by hands? ----_____________. I usually wash clothes by washing machine.‎ A. Much B. Often C. Seldom D. Little ‎3. Jane is a ________dancer and she dances__________.‎ A. good. well B. well. well C. earlier than D. later than ‎4. My mother had to work last night. so she went to bed ________me.‎ A. as earlier as B. as early as C. earlier than D. later than ‎5. Both Andy and I drive slowly. Tom drives fast. So Tom drives ________of all.‎ A. slower B. the slowest C. faster D. the fastest 强化训练：‎ 一)、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级 ‎  old__________   young________   tall_______   long________  ‎ ‎  short________   strong________   big________   small_______‎ ‎  fat_________    thin__________   heavy______   light________‎ ‎  nice_________   good_________   beautiful__________________‎ ‎  low__________   high_________   slow_______   fast________‎ ‎  late__________   early_________   far_________   well_______‎ 二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：‎ ‎1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.‎ ‎2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim.‎ ‎3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.‎ ‎4. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.‎ ‎5. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.‎ ‎6. Mary’s hair is as __________(long) as Lucy’s.‎ ‎7.Ben ______ (jump) ________ (high) than some of the boys in his class.‎ ‎8.________ Nancy sing __________ (well) than Helen? Yes, she _____.‎ ‎9.Fangfang is not as _________ (tall) as the other girls.‎ ‎10.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..‎ ‎11.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?‎ ‎12.Who gets up _________(early),Tim or Tom?‎ ‎13._____the girls get up_______(early) than the boys?No,they______.‎ ‎14. Jim runs _____(slow). But Ben runs _____(slow).‎ ‎15.The child doesn’t______(write) as ____(fast) as the students.‎ 三)、翻译句子：‎ ‎1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。‎ ‎________ is _________than Jim？  ________ are ‎2、谁比David更强壮？是Gao Shan.‎ ‎________  _________ than David?  Gao Shan  ________.‎ ‎3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。‎ ‎_________ pencil is _________,______or________？________is,I think.‎ ‎4、谁的苹果更重，你的姐姐的还是你的弟弟的？  我的弟弟的。‎ ‎_________ apples  ________  ________,your _______ or your _______?‎ My ____________  ___________.‎ ‎5、你和你的叔叔一样高吗？是的。‎ ‎_________ ________as _________as your uncle?Yes,I am.‎ ‎6、他和他的朋友Jim一样年轻。‎ He _______ as  __________ as ________  ________ Jim.‎ ‎7、她和她的双胞胎哥哥一样胖吗？不，她比他瘦。‎ ‎________ ________ as _________ as______ twin _______?‎ No, _________ _________ than him.‎ ‎8.Yang Ling每天睡得比SuYang晚。‎ Yang Ling ________ to _______   ________ than Su Yang every day.‎ ‎9.我跳得和Mike一样远。‎ I _________ as _______ as Mike.‎ ‎10.Tom比你跑得快吗？不是的,他和我跑得一样快。‎ ‎____ Tom _____   _____ than you?No,he _______. He_____ as_____ as_____.‎ ‎11.多做运动，你会更强壮。‎ ‎________ more exercise,you’ll ________    _________ soon.‎ ‎12.我的科学很好，但是语文不好。‎ I ______ ________ at Science.But I don’t _________ well in Chinese.‎ ‎13. 你放风筝比王兵放得高吗？不，我比他放得低。‎ ‎____you_______the kite_____than Wang bing?No,I______it _____than___.‎ ‎14.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。‎ I like_______.All my______   _______  _______than me.‎ ‎15.我的姐姐起得比我早。‎ My_____  _____ up _____than me.‎ ‎16.女孩比男孩唱得好吗？是的。‎ ‎____the girls______   ______   ______the boys? Yes,they ____.‎ ‎17.她不擅长体育。但我跳得没有她高。‎ She doesn’t ____   _____  in PE. But I don’t   ______   _____than_____.‎ ‎18.你足球踢得比你的同班同学好吗？不，他们踢得和我一样好。‎ ‎___ you ____football _____than your classmates?No,they____as____as me.‎ ‎19．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。‎ My_____    _____   ______than my ______.‎ ‎20.她的毛衣和我的一样重。‎ ‎_____sweater_____  as_______as_____.‎ ‎21.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。‎ My dress_____  too_____. I want to _____a______one.‎ ‎22. I'm taller than Mike .(该成用原级的比较)‎ I'm _________ as ________ as Mike .‎