2020版高考英语一轮复习话题练第3练个人情况练习 7页

第3练个人情况基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．The____________(confuse)mattershavemadehimunabletoconcentrateonhiswork.2．Sheisconsidereda____________(create)scientistandpeoplehavecometoloveher.3．Dickwalkedintheforestcautiously，afraidof____________(attack)bybiganimals.4．Mostpeoplethinkhighlyofhim，but____________(person)，Ithinkheisactuallydishonest.5．Myfirst____________(impress)ofherwasthatshewasakindandthoughtfulyoungwoman.6．I’msurethatthegreateffortIhavebeenmakingwillpay____________someday.7．Themiddleagedmanhadtodoanextrajobafterwork，forhehadabigfamily____________(support)．8．Theyoungmanlefthisvillage，____________(determine)nottoreturnagain.9．Youareanadultnowandyouneedtoberesponsible____________whatyouhavedone.10．Thewomansatthere，____________(reflect)onhowmuchhadchangedsinceshehadboughtthisfarm.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．OliverTwist，theheroofthestory，hewasanorphan.12．MyoldfriendhadchangedsomuchthatIcouldhardrecognizehim.13．Myfatherisagreatscientistandheenjoysnothingbutlistentomusic.14．Intheendshemarriedthekindmanbecausewhathehaddoneforher.15．MrZhangmadelotsofforeignfriendsfromEnglishspokencountrieswhiletravelling.16．ThefactisthatJohnstudiesmuchmoreharderthananyoftheothersinhisclass.17．Thewomanhasdevotedmostofhertimetotakegoodcareofthehomelesschildren.18．HerdaughterMaryisanactivegirlwhenhersonTomisamanoffewwords.19．Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter，buthisworksarenotwidelyread.20．Lastnightmyfatherworkedlateintothenight，preparedareportforthemeeting.话题词汇1．untidyadj.不整洁的2．potentialn．潜力；潜能；adj.有潜力的3．drawup起草4．featuren．特色；vt.以……为特征5．haveaneffecton...对……有影响n6．effortn．努力7．diligentadj.勤奋的8．accomplishmentn．成就9．patientadj.耐心的10．haveagiftfor...有……的天赋能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2018·山西太原五中检测)Congratulations，March，AprilandMaybabies，youscorehighonthehyperthymiascale—whichisactuallygood.Hyperthymiaisgeneraloptimism—theabilitytoseeeverydownasabeginningtoanup，everymarketcrashasarunuptoaboom.Butthatcomesataprice：springbabiesarealsoeasiertobeaffectedbytheoppositeofhyperthymia：clinicaldepression.Groundzeroforthecondition—accordingtoamassivestudyof58,000subjectsintheU．K.in2012—isamongpeopleborninMay.Novemberbabieshavethelowestdepressionrates.It’smostlygladnewsforJune，JulyandAugustbabies.NoSAD(Abbreviationforseasonalaffectivedisorder：amedicalconditioninwhichapersondoesnothavemuchenergyandenthusiasmduringthewinterbecauseofthereducedperiodofnaturallight)foryou—atleastnothingcausedbythelightlevelsafteryourbirth，thoughtheremaybesomeimpactsfrommomhavingcarriedyouinDecember，JanuaryandFebruary.Summerbabieshavesomeofthesamehyperthymiccharacteristicsasspringbabies，butthatcanbeoffsetbycyclothymia(环性气质)—rapidcyclingbetweenhighandlowmoods.Still，that’sprobablynotawarningsignofbipolardisorder(双相型障碍)；bipolardiagnosesarelowestamongbabiesborninAugust.Forpeoplewhobelieveinastrology(占星术)，thegeneralcalmnessoffallbabiesseemstoprovideevidencethatatleastthesignofLibra—thewellbalancedscales—hasconnectionwithit.Itdoesn’tofcourse，butwhetherthecauseistheabundantnutrientsavailableatharvesttime，orthefactthatthelongnightsandseasonalillnessofwinterhavenotyetappeared，npeopleborninfallnotonlyenjoylowlevelsofdepression，butaresimilarlylesslikelytodevelopbipolardisorder.Oneglitchintheautumnbornisthattheydohaveatendencytoirritability.Buckle_up，winterbabies，thingscouldgetrough.Amongthechallengesfacingpeoplewithwinterbirthdatesarehigherlevelsofschizophrenia(精神分裂症)，bipolardisorder，SADanddepression.That’sterrible，butthereissomethingtomakeupforthat：winterbabiesarelessirritablethanthoseborninfall.What’smore，accordingtoasmall2015studyof300celebrities，JanuaryandFebruaryaretherightmonthstobebornifyouwanttobefamoussincethosemonthscorrelatewithcreativityandimaginativeproblemsolvingability.21．WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothearticle?A．Springbabiesarealwaysveryhappy.B．FewerAugustbabiesgetbipolardisorder.C．Fallbabieshavethehighestdepressionrates.D．Winterbabiesarethemostfortunate.22．Theunderlinedphrase“Buckleup”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby“________”．A．AttentionB．Don’tworryC．CongratulationsD．Don’tgiveup23．Inwhichmonthyoushouldgivebirthtoyourbabyifyouhopeheorsheiscreative?A．January.B．May.C．August.D．November.24．Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthebesttitleforthispassage?A．WhichIstheBestBirthMonth?B．DiseasesYouShouldPayAttentiontoC．GiveBirthtoYourBabyinaProperMonthD．DifferentBirthMonths，DifferentCharactersB(2018·辽宁凌源三模)HawkingdiedearlyWednesdayathishomeinEnglandattheageof76.Throughouthiscareerasoneoftheworld’smostrecognizablecosmicthinkers，heregularlythrewhimselfintopopculture’scomedicringwithcameos(客串)onprogramssuchasTheSimpsonsandLateNightwithConanO’Brien.nTheseappearancesdefinedHawking’spersonallifeasmuchashisuniverseshakingtheoreticalwork.Humor，however，wasnotjustonesideofhispersonality，butakeytoovercomingthediseasehestruggledagainstsince1963.“Keepinganactivemindhasbeenvitaltomysurvival，ashasmaintainingasenseofhumor，”Hawkingsaidina2013documentary.“IamprobablybetterknownformyappearancesonTheSimpsonsandonTheBigBangTheorythanIamformyscientificdiscoveries.”At21，Hawkingwasdiagnosedwithaconditionsimilartoamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(肌萎缩性侧索硬化症)，alsoknownasLouGehrig’sdisease.AccordingtotheALSAssociation，“HalfofallpeopleaffectedwithALSliveatmostthreeormoreyearsafterdiagnosis.Twentypercentlivefiveyearsormore;onlytenpercentwilllivemorethantenyears.”ThediseasewouldeventuallyshutdownHawking’smotorfunctions，makinghimspeechlessandunabletomovewithoutawheelchair.Doctorsinitiallysaidhewouldbedeadintwoyears.Hiscondition，however，provedtobearateslowactingversion.ButHawkingfoughtthroughhisworsephysicalstate，risingtoapositionasacelebratedprofessorofmathematicsattheUniversityofCambridgeandalteringthepopularconceptionofphysicswithhis1988bestseller，ABriefHistoryofTime.“WhenIturned21，myexpectationswerereducedtozero，”hesaidinaTVshow.Headded，“ItwasimportantthatIcametoappreciatewhatIdidhave.It’salsoimportantnottobecomeangry，nomatterhowdifficultlifeis，becauseyoucanloseallhopeifyoucan’tlaughatyourselfandatlifeingeneral.”25．WhatwasHawkinglikeaccordingtothetext?A．Hewaskindandbrave.B．Hewasfriendlyandadventurous.C．Hewashumorousandstrongminded.D．Hewasshyanduncommunicative.26．HowdidHawkingdealwithALS?A．Hedidfurtherresearchintothedisease.B．Hekeptapositiveattitudetowardshisdisease.C．Hedidmoreexerciseandspokealotwithothers.D．Hewenttohospitaltohaveahealthcheckregularly.27．WhatcanbelearntfromthestoryofHawking?A．Laughteristhebestmedicine.nB．Losttimeisneverfoundagain.C．Everythingcomestohimwhowaits.D．Ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswithasinglestep.28．Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A．ALSisacommondiseaseinEngland.B．DoctorsonceabandonedtreatmentforHawking.C．PlayingrolesincomedieswasHawking’sfavorite.D．It’salmostawonderthatHawkingcansurvivethedisease.Ⅳ.语法填空AtthebackofKing’sCollegethereisamemorialstoneinwhitemarbletohonortheChinesepoetXuZhimo.29.________(move)totheUKin1921，ZhimospentayearstudyingatKing’swherehe30.________(fall)inlovenotonlywiththeromanticpoetryofEnglishpoetslikeJohnKeats，butalsowithCambridge31.________(it)．Hispoem，SecondFarewelltoCambridge,32.________isconsideredtobehismostfamousone，isnowacompulsorytextonChineseliterature,33.________(learn)bymillionsofschoolchildrenacrossourcountryeveryyear.Thepoem34.________(vivid)paintsaportraitofKing’sandtheRiverCam，andserves35.________areminderofXuZhimo’sfondnessforhistimeinCambridge.Whilethepoemhadbeensettomusicmanytimesbefore，theEnglishcomposerJohnRutter，oneofthemainstreamclassical36.________(musician)，wasinvitedbyKing’sCollegetomakethefirstmusicalsettingofthetext.Thenewpiece，writtenandrecordedin37.________(celebrate)ofthenear100yearlinkbetweenKing’sCollege38.________XuZhimo，hasbeenreleasedonanewalbumontheKing’sCollegeRecordLabel.答案解析Ⅰ.1.confusing　2.creative　3.beingattacked　4.personally5．impression　6.off　7.tosupport　8.determined　9.for10．reflectingⅡ.11.OliverTwist，theheroofthestory，hewasanorphan.n12．MyoldfriendhadchangedsomuchthatIcouldrecognizehim.13．Myfatherisagreatscientistandheenjoysnothingbutlistentomusic.14．Intheendshemarriedthekindmanbecausewhathehaddoneforher.15．MrZhangmadelotsofforeignfriendsfromcountrieswhiletravelling.16．ThefactisthatJohnstudiesmuchmoreharderthananyoftheothersinhisclass.17．Thewomanhasdevotedmostofhertimetogoodcareofthehomelesschildren.18．HerdaughterMaryisanactivegirlhersonTomisamanoffewwords.19．Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter，but或hisworksarenotwidelyread.20．Lastnightmyfatherworkedlateintothenight，areportforthemeeting.Ⅲ.21．B　[细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句可知，八月出生的婴儿患双相型障碍的风险较低。]22．A　[词义猜测题。根据最后一段中画线短语后的“winterbabies，thingscouldgetrough”可知，此处是提醒注意，冬季出生的人，情况会相当恶劣，故此处的Buckleup相当于Attention(注意，当心)。]23．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“JanuaryandFebruaryaretherightmonthstobebornifyouwanttobefamoussincethosemonthscorrelatewithcreativityandimaginativeproblemsolvingability”可知，要想让孩子具有创造性和有想象力的解决问题的能力，最好是在一、二月份生孩子。]24．D　[标题归纳题。根据本文内容可知，文章主要介绍了不同月份出生的人，他们的性格各有差异。]语篇解读　本文主要讲述了霍金被确诊为肌萎缩性侧索硬化症后，是如何积极面对生活并最终创造奇迹的。25．C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Humor，however，wasnotjustonesideofhispersonality，butakeytoovercomingthediseasehestruggledagainstsincen1963.”可知，霍金是一个幽默而又意志坚定的人，故选C。]26．B　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，霍金对自己的病保持着积极的态度。故选B。]27．A　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，霍金以积极的心态对待自己的疾病，认为如果不能笑对自己和生活就会失去所有希望，由此可以推断出微笑是治病的良药，故选A。]28．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段中的“HalfofallpeopleaffectedwithALSliveatmostthreeormoreyearsafterdiagnosis.Twentypercentlivefiveyearsormore;onlytenpercentwilllivemorethantenyears.”可知，确诊为肌萎缩性侧索硬化症的患者，有一半人最多活三年或者更久；20%的人能活五年或者更久；只有10%的人能活十年以上。霍金能活到76岁确实是一个奇迹，故选D。]Ⅳ.29．Moving　[考查非谓语动词。Zhimo与move之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。]30．fell　[考查动词的时态。where引导定语从句，此空在从句中作谓语，根据上文的in1921可知，此处用一般过去时。故填fell。]31．itself　[考查代词。句意为：……还爱上了剑桥本身。故用反身代词itself。]32．which　[考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Hispoem，SecondFarewelltoCambridge。]33．learnt/learned　[考查非谓语动词。此处作后置定语，hispoem与learn之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词。]34．vividly　[考查词性转换。此处修饰动词paint，故用副词形式。故填vividly。]35．as　[考查介词。serveas...充当……。]36．musicians　[考查名词的单复数。“oneof＋名词复数”意为“……中的一个”。]37．celebration　[考查词性转换。incelebrationof...为了庆祝……，为固定短语。介词in后接名词作宾语。]38．and　[考查连词。between...and...为固定搭配，故用and。]