2020版高考英语一轮复习语法练第5练形容词和副词练习 11页

第5练形容词和副词基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thereweremanypeoplewaitingthere，andsomeofthemlookedanxiousand(disappoint)．2．Thearticlesareintendedforyoungerreaders，butadultswillfindthissite(suit)forthemaswell.3．Almostallthefableshewrotearehumorousand(entertain)，appealingtopeopleofallages.4．Doctorsuseittolearnmoreaboutunfamiliardiseasesandthe(late)medicaldevelopment.5．Theboystoodupandacceptedtheprize，(surprise)butveryhappy.6．Asthelastnamebecame(wide)accepted，thefirstletterwascapitalized.7．Youhaven’tchangedatall—youstilllook(exact)thesameasbefore.8．Thewomansmiledandnoddedtome，expressingherthanks(sincere)againandagain.9．Factorieshavebecomecleaneras(strict)environmentpollutionlawshavebeenintroduced.10．Sohismother，whowas(will)topayforhiseducation，broughthimhometolookafterthesheep.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Iwasinthekitchenwithmychildrenwhenweheardanoise.Afewminuteslate，ourhousefelldown.12．Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenience，regardlessoftimeandspace.13．Unlucky，ayearlater，shehadtogiveupherjobandreturntohercountrywithherparents.14．Forthesereasons，thegovernmentshouldtakeeffectivelymeasurestocallforwastesorting.15．Itremindsmeoftheoldmanwhodidn’trealwanttomakemoneybypainting.16．Sheisverysopopularintheschoolthatmanyteachersalsoliketointeractwithher.17．HisgentlevoicedidwondersandIdecidedtostudyharderandcompletemygraduationearly.18．IknowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingandmeaningless.n19．Havinglearnedthiscoursefortwomonths，Ifounditveryinterested.20．Ithoughtitalittlecomfortableforyoutoanswermewithoutsomanybooksinyourarms.技法总结在语法填空中1．根据句子意思判断空格处要填的词在句子中作什么成分。下列情况常填形容词：(1)用来修饰名词；(2)位于系动词后作表语；(3)作宾补；(4)表示主语的状态。如果用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，则填副词。2．如果空格后有表示比较的提示词than，则填形容词或副词的比较级；如果有表示比较范围的in/of短语、定语从句，则填形容词或副词的最高级。另外，还要注意使用比较级的固定句式，如“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”等。在短文改错中常考查形容词和副词的误用。1．作表语时除了地点副词外均用形容词；作定语时，若前置则用形容词，如果后置则可能用地点副词或形容词短语；作状语时除了有少数几个能表示主语情况的形容词外，一般用副词。2．如果有“in＋范围”或“of＋范围”来限定范围，要用最高级形式。3．注意一些固定句型。如the＋比较级，the＋比较级；can’t....more...等。4．注意一些习惯用法，确定形容词或副词的形式。如what’smore/worse，soonerorlater等。能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2018·辽宁沈阳质监)Myfavoritebook，TheSecretbyRhondaByrne，talksaboutaformulacalled“SFF”whichstandsfor“stoppingfindingfaults”．Iusedtobeacriticalpersonandtriedtofindfaults.IguessIsomehowinheritedthischaracterfrommyfather.Actuallymanygoodqualitiesofmyfatherareworthadmiringexceptthis.nMyfatheristhepersonwhoconstantlylooksformistakesinotherpeopleandhethinksnooneisperfectintheworld.Hischaractercreatedanegativeatmosphereinmyfamily.Iwasthesameasmyfather，soIoftenfeltangry，disappointed，depressed，andlonelyinschool.AfterIhadreadmyfavoritebookIbegantoseek“goodthings”inotherpeople.Ithascompletelyalteredmylife.NowIfeelhappier，Ihavemorefriends，Ihavemoretrustinpeople，andIrealizeeveryonehastheirownstrength!AnotherimportantlessonIgotfromthisbookisthatIshouldalwaysbehavemyselfinapositivemanner.Let’sadmitthatwesometimescomplainaboutoursituation.That’snotgood.“Believeitornot，peopledon’tliketolistentonegativeopinions.”OnemorevaluablelessonIgotfromthebookisthatIshouldbeagoodlistener.WhenIwasyounger，IonlywantedpeopletopaywholeattentiontomywordssothatIcouldshowthemhowimportantIwas.Iwasveryproudandwouldshowoffmyachievementsinschoolwithoutconsideringothers’feeling.Ihadveryfewfriendsandmostpeopleconsideredmeasan“arrogant”person.Now，Ifinditmucheasiertomakefriendsaftermakingsomechanges!21．WhydoestheauthorlikethebookTheSecret?A．Becausehe’sfoundthesecretofsuccessfromit.B．Becausethebookuncoversthesecretsofhappiness.C．Becausehe’slearnthisfather’scharactersfromit.D．Becauseithelpshimchangehisattitudetowardslife.22．Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthor’sfather?A．Hemakeshissonfeelangryanddisappointed.B．Helikesfindingfaultswithpeoplearoundhim.C．Heseemsacriticalpersonbutinfacteasygoing.D．Hecancreateanegativeatmospherewhennecessary.23．Theunderlinedword“arrogant”probablymeans“”．A．selfimportantB．admirableC．troublesomeD．coldblooded24．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Topersuadereaderstobegoodlisteners.nB．Tosharehispainfulchangingexperience.C．Totellreaderstheinfluenceofabookonhim.D．Toshowtheresultofhisfather’snegativecharacter.B(2018·黑龙江齐齐哈尔二模)Theresearcherssayapersonlosestwomonthsforeverykilogramoverweighttheyare—andsevenyearsforsmokingapacketofcigarettesaday.Unusually，theEdinburghUniversityteamfoundtheiranswersbyanalysingdifferencesinpeople’sgeneticcodeorDNA.Finallytheythinkitwillshownewwaysofhelpingustolivelonger.Thegroupusedthegeneticcodeofmorethan600,000peoplewhoaretakingpartinanaturalexperiment.Ifsomeonesmokes，drinks，dropsoutofschoolandisoverweight，itcanbedifficulttoidentifytheimpactofonespecificunhealthybehavior.Instead，theresearchersturnedtothenaturalexperiment.Somepeoplecarrymutations(变异)intheirDNAthatincreaseappetite(食欲)ormakethemmorelikelytoputonweight，soresearcherswereabletocomparethoseprogrammedtoeatmorewiththosewhowerenot.TheresearchteamalsofoundspecificmutationsinhumanDNAthatalterlifespan(寿命)．•Mutationsinagene(asetofinstructionsinDNA)thatisinvolvedinrunningtheimmunesystemcouldaddsevenmonthsoflifeonaverage.•Peoplewithamutationthatincreasedlevelsofbadcholesterolknockedeightmonthsofflifespan.•Araremutationinagene—APOE—linkedtodementiareducedlifespanby11months.•Andonethatmadesmokingmoreappealingcutlivesbyfivemonths.DrJoshisaysthatwhilegenesdoinfluencelifespan，“you’vegotevenmoreinfluence”throughthechoicesyoumake.DrJoshisaid，“Wehopetodiscovergenesaffectinglifespantogiveusnewinformationaboutageingandconstructtreatmentforageing.”Therearealsosomediseasemutationsthatclearlyaffectlifespanandtodestructiveeffect，suchastheHuntington’sgene.PeoplewithHuntington’softendieintheir20s.nHowever，inordertofollowpeopleuntiltheendoftheirlives，manyofthepeoplestudiedwerebornbefore1940.25．Whatisthemostdifficultfortheresearcherstofind?A．Thedifferencesinpeople’sgeneticcode.B．Thereasonswhypeopleputonweightveryeasily.C．Theresultsofmanynaturalandmassiveexperiments.D．Onebadbehaviour’seffectonpeoplewithmanybadbehaviours.26．Whichofthefollowingmutationsaffectslifespanmostgreatly?A．Onelinkedtocontrollingimmunesystem.B．Oneincreasingunhealthycholesterol.C．OnecalledAPOEinvolvedindementia.D．Onemakingsmokingmoreattractive.27．What’sthemeaningofDrJoshi’sstudy?A．Tohelpstopmutations.B．Tofinddiseasesearlier.C．Tomakepeoplelivelonger.D．Toreducetheeffectsofgenes.28．Whydidresearchersmainlystudypeoplebornbefore1940?A．Tofollowthemuntiltheydie.B．Toeducatethemanextrayear.C．Toshowtheyaremoreimportant.D．Tomakethemlivehappier.Ⅳ.完形填空Iwentwithsomecolleaguesfrommyofficeforadinnerinaverypopularlocalrestaurant.Itwas29businesstimeandtherestaurantwaspacked.We30foundatableinacornerforthreeofus.Assoonaswesatdown，weheardacrashwhenacleaningboy31thefloorwithalltheplateshewascarrying.Therewas32andnoonewassayingordoinganything.InaflashIrememberedmy33nmanyyearsago.Once，I34intheairportbecauseIhadrushedthereonmyownonanemptystomach.Iwaspickedupandtakencareofbytwo35.Nowthiswasmychanceto36itforward.Irantotheyoungman’ssideimmediately，turnedhimonhisbackandscreamedforsomeoneto37ahotdrink.SoonpeoplestartedaskingifIwasadoctor.IsaidIwasnot，38Iwasskillfulatblackingout(晕厥)．Thekidsoonopenedhiseyes，39whathadhappened.I40himbysayingitwasOKandIhadhada41experience.Hehadnoteatenanything.Iheldthe29．A.peakB．localC．spareD．regular30．A.actuallyB．finallyC．eagerlyD．gradually31．A.kickedB．touchedC．hitD．swept32．A.silenceB．dangerC．doubtD．tension33．A.adventureB．flightC．experienceD．lesson34．A.showedupB．walkedaroundC．settleddownD．passedout35．A.friendsB．strangersC．colleaguesD．relatives36．A.payB．returnC．takeD．put37．A.orderB．buyC．serveD．bring38．A.andB．soC．becauseD．but39．A.knowingB．wonderingC．ignoringD．arguingn40．A.remindedB．comfortedC．answeredD．encouraged41．A.memorableB．personalC．similarD．common42drinktohismouthtillhefinisheditandsatwithhimtillhefeltOK.Bythenthe43hadarrived.Iaskedhertogivethekidsomethingtoeat.Iofferedtopay.Themanagerwaskindenoughtorefusethe44andagreedtomakesurethekidatebeforehewenthome.Bythetimeallthiswas45itwasgettinglateformycolleagues.Wehadn’t46anythingyet，sotheydecidedtogohome.Islowlywalkedhome，nothungryanymore，feeling47fortheopportunityIpayforwardthe48Ihadreceivedmanyyearsago.42．A.coolB．refreshingC．sweetD．warm43．A.customerB．managerC．waitressD．doctor44．A.paymentB．rewardC．suggestionD．support45．A.upB．awayC．overD．behind46．A.preparedB．demandedC．receivedD．ordered47．A.readyB．anxiousC．gratefulD．comfortable48．A.kindnessB．honorC．inspirationD．servicen答案解析Ⅰ.1.disappointed　2.suitable　3.entertaining　4.latest5．surprised　6.widely　7.exactly　8.sincerely　9.stricter　10.unwillingⅡ.11.Iwasinthekitchenwithmychildrenwhenweheardanoise.Afewminutes，ourhousefelldown.12．Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyand，regardlessoftimeandspace.13.，ayearlater，shehadtogiveupherjobandreturntohercountrywithherparents.14．Forthesereasons，thegovernmentshouldtakemeasurestocallforwastesorting.15．Itremindsmeoftheoldmanwhodidn’twanttomakemoneybypainting.16．Sheisverysopopularintheschoolthatmanyteachersalsoliketointeractwithher.17．HisgentlevoicedidwondersandIdecidedtostudyharderandcompletemygraduation.18．IknowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingand.19．Havinglearnedthiscoursefortwomonths，Ifounditvery.20．Ithoughtitalittlecomfortableforyoutoanswermewithoutsomanybooksinyourarms.Ⅲ.语篇解读　作者原来是一个爱挑剔的、自以为是的人，但读了《秘密》这本书后，改变了很多。n21．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“AfterIhadreadmyfavoritebookIbegantoseek‘goodthings’inotherpeople.Ithascompletelyalteredmylife.NowIfeelhappier，Ihavemorefriends，Ihavemoretrustinpeople，andIrealizeeveryonehastheirownstrength！”可知，作者读了这本书之后，对待生活的态度发生了改变，所以D正确。]22．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Myfatheristhepersonwhoconstantlylooksformistakesinotherpeopleandhethinksnooneisperfectintheworld.”可知，作者的父亲喜欢挑别人的毛病。]23．A　[词义猜测题。根据最后一段中的“Iwasveryproudandwouldshowoffmyachievementsinschoolwithoutconsideringothers’feeling.”可知，作者骄傲自大，从不考虑别人的感受，这就是作者朋友很少的原因。故选A项。]24．C　[写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者因为读了一本书，由原来的自以为是、爱挑毛病，变得积极乐观友好，所以本文是为了介绍书对作者的影响。故选C。]25．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段第二句“Ifsomeonesmokes，drinks，dropsoutofschoolandisoverweight，itcanbedifficulttoidentifytheimpactofonespecificunhealthybehavior.”可知，很难确定某种特定的不良行为对有着许多不良行为的人产生的影响。故选D。]26．C　[细节理解题。根据“Araremutationinagene—APOE—linkedtodementiareducedlifespanby11months.”可知，一种叫做APOE的基因对寿命的影响最大。故选C。]27．C　[目的意图题。根据倒数第三段中“Wehopetodiscovergenesaffectinglifespantogiveusnewinformationaboutageingandconstructtreatmentforageing.”可知，Joshi博士研究的目的是为了让人们更长寿。故选C。]28．A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段“However，inordertofollowpeopleuntiltheendoftheirlives，manyofthepeoplestudiedwerebornbefore1940.”可知，研究人员主要研究1940年前出生的人是为了追踪他们直到他们去世。故选A。]Ⅳ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。作者和朋友去餐厅吃饭，突然打扫卫生的男孩摔倒在地，作者立刻提供帮助。因为之前作者晕倒的时候，也有陌生人提供了帮助。所以作者想把这份善良传递下去。29．A　[peak高峰的；local当地的；spare空闲的；regular有规律的。根据后半句可知餐厅里非常拥挤，说明是用餐的高峰期。故A项正确。]n30．B　[actually实际上；finally最终；eagerly急切地；gradually逐渐地。句意为：我们三个最终在角落里找到了一张桌子。故B项正确。]31．C　[kick踢；touch触摸；hit撞击；sweep清扫。根据下文的描述可知，男孩倒在地上了，所以此处应该是“撞击地面”，故C项正确。]32．A　[silence安静；danger危险；doubt怀疑；tension紧张。由后半句“noonewassayingordoinganything”可知，此时一片寂静，故A项正确。]33．C　[adventure探险；flight航班；experience经验，经历；lesson教训。看到这一幕，作者突然想起了很多年前的一次经历。根据下文描述可知，作者以前也晕倒过。故C项正确。]34．D　[showup出现；walkaround四处走动；settledown定居；passout昏迷。根据下文可知作者饿着肚子匆忙前往机场，昏迷后受到陌生人的帮助。故D项符合语境。]35．B　[friend朋友；stranger陌生人；colleague同事；relative亲戚。这次作者想帮助这位陌生的打扫卫生的男孩，是因为之前作者受到陌生人的帮助，想把这份善良传递下去。故B项正确。]36．A　[pay偿还；return返回；take带走；put放置。作者想偿还别人给他的帮助。文章最后一句中的payforward也是提示。故A项正确。]37．D　[order命令，点(餐)，订购；buy购买；serve服务；bring带来，拿来。此处指大声叫着让人拿杯热饮来。bring表示从远处把物品拿到近处。故D正确。]38．D　[句意为：我说我不是医生，但是在处理晕厥方面我很擅长。前后句之间是转折关系，故D项正确。]39．B　[know知道；wonder想知道；ignore忽视；argue争论。句意为：男孩睁开眼睛，想知道发生了什么事情。故B项正确。]40．B　[remind提醒；comfort安慰；answer回答；encourage鼓励。句意为：我安慰他说没什么问题，我也有过类似的经历。故B项正确。]41．C　[memorable难忘的；personal私人的；similar类似的；common普通的，常见的。参考上题解析。故C项正确。]42．D　[上文提到作者叫人拿来一杯热饮，故此处应为warmdrink。故D项正确。]43．B　[根据下文“Themanagerwaskindenoughto...”可知，餐厅的经理过来处理这件事情了。故B项正确。]44．A　[payment付款；reward报酬；suggestion建议；support支持。由上文中的“Iofferedtopay.”可知，作者主动提出付钱，但经理拒绝了。故A项正确。]45．C　[作者处理好这一切以后，时间已经很晚了。beover结束。故C项正确。]46．D　[prepare准备；demand要求；receive收到；order点(餐)，订购，命令。根据后半句“我们决定回家”可知，作者和同事并没有在餐厅里点餐。故D项正确。]n47．C　[ready准备好的；anxious焦虑的；grateful感激的；comfortable舒服的。对于有这样帮助他人的机会，作者心怀感激之情。故C项正确。]48．A　[kindness善良；honor荣耀；inspiration灵感；service服务。根据上文可知作者晕倒的时候也得到别人的帮助，现在我有机会帮助他人，把这份善良传递下去。故A项正确。]