2020版高考英语一轮复习话题练第8练热点话题练习 8页

第8练热点话题基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Itisimpossiblefortheyoungcouple____________(buy)anewhouseinsuchamoderncity.2．Thesurvey____________(conduct)bythatcompanyshowsthereisanincreaseincustomersatisfactionthisyear.3．Nowadays，manypeoplearecrazyabouttheirmobilephones，____________(cause)someaccidents.4．Childrenarefullof____________(curious)abouteverythingwhileadultstendtotakeeverythingforgranted.5．Thereisnodoubtthatour____________(education)systemleavestoomuchtobedesired.6．Thecasehasbroughttheproblemofchildabuse____________(sharp)intofocusagain.7．Environmentalproblems____________(discuss)quitefrequentlyinthenewsthesedays.8．InsomepoorAfricanareas，alotofchildrendieof____________(hungry)everyyear.9．China’s____________(contribute)totheworldeconomyshouldbereflectedinhavingabiggervoiceintheworld.10．Thepolicemanputdownthephone，____________(satisfy)withasmileonhisface.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11．Imusttellhimthatplaycomputergamestoomuchisbadforhishealth，especiallyforhiseyes.12．Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.Theharderyouwork，thefewmistakesyou’llmake.13．Pressureisaseriousproblemandthestudentsinourclassareundertoomanypressure.14．Withmoreandmorecarscomeintoourfamilies，wearehappythatithasgreatlyimprovedourlife.15．Inordertobuildacivilizedcity，weshouldtryourbesttobehavegoodintheactivities.16．However，somestudentsthinkWeChatwillaffecttheirstudyiftheyspendtoomuchtimeuseit.17．Weshouldmakethebestofthatwehave.18．I’mwritingtotellyoumoreaboutthenewformofsharingbike—mobikementioninginyourlatestletter.19．Itisbecomingatrendasameansoftransportation，thatrelievesthetrafficpressureinthiscity.20．Inmyopinion，Iaminfavorofcloningtheendangeredanimalsbutdisagreecloninghumanbeings.n话题词汇1．announcev．宣告2．attemptn．&v．尝试3．attituden．态度4．associate...with...把……与……联系起来5．remarkv．陈述，议论；n.评论，言论6．asaresultof...因为……7．respondv．做出回应8．routinen．惯例9．drawwidepublicattention引起公众的广泛关注10．dealwith处理能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2018·山东聊城一模)Ifsomepartsofabodyareverysickordamaged，thendoctorsmightneedtoremovethem.Anotherwaydoctorscanhelpistogrownewtissuetoreplacewhatissickordamaged.Thisiscalledregenerativemedicine(再生医学)．Regenerativemedicinesoundslikesomethingfromasciencefictionmoviebutitisnotanewidea.Insideourbones，wehavesomethingcalled“marrow”，whichmakesourbloodandkeepsushealthy.Doctorshavebeengivingsickpeoplethebonemarrowfromotherhealthypeopleforthelast30or40years，andthisisakindofregenerativemedicine.Newerdevelopmentsinregenerativemedicineincludegrowingnewskininalaboratoryandusingittohelppeoplewhohavebeenhurtinfiresoraccidents.Anotherexampleofregenerativemedicineisatechniquedevelopedfromstudyingfrogsandmice.Whencellsareold，likeinadults，theycan’tchangewhattheydoinourbodies.Forexample，askincellcan’tchangeintoaneyecell.Butwhencellsareveryyoung，theycanbecomeanycelltype.Theseyoungcellsarecalledstemcells，anddoctorscanusethemtogrowanytypeoftissue，suchasskin，heartoreye.JohnGurdonandShinyaYamanakawonthe2012NobelPrizefortheirstudiesinthisanrea.ProfessorFionaWatt，fromtheCentreofRegenerativeMedicineatKing’sCollege，London，believesthatregenerativemedicineissoexcitingbecausemanydifferentkindsofexpertsneedtoworktogether.3Dprintersmaybeusedtoprintnewbonesbyexperts，whoneedtoworkcloselywithuniversityscientistsandthesurgeonswhodotheoperationsinhospitals.Wecannotyetgrownewarmsorlegsforpeople，butthesciencefictiondreamofregenerativemedicinemaybecloserthanwethink.Perhapsinthefuture，doctorswillbeabletogrowwholenewbodiesforus.21．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Howtohelpverysickordamagedpeople.B．Regenerativemedicineandsciencefiction.C．Wecangrowournewbodiesinthefuture.D．Regenerativemedicineanditsdevelopment.22．Whichofthefollowingisrightaccordingtothispassage?A．Marrowcanhelpgrownewbones.B．Stemcellscanbeusedtogrowanytypeoftissue.C．Surgeonsnowuse3Dprinterstoprintnewbones.D．Regenerativemedicineisanewscienceinmedicine.23．What’sthewriter’sattitudetothedevelopmentinregenerativemedicine?A．Pessimistic.B．Optimistic.C．Doubtful.D．Indifferent.B(2018·河南洛阳三模)Amazingconceptimageshaveshownwhathomesofthefuturecouldlooklike，aspreparationsaremadefortheworld’sfirstfreeform3Dprintedproperty(房产)．ExpertswillbuildahousecalledCurveAppeal，whichwillbe3Dprintedoffsitebeforebeingputtogetheronsitetocreatetwooutsidewalls，aroofandaninsidepart.Thesefourmainsectionswillthenbejoinedtogether.Although3Dprintedbuildingshavebeenmadebefore，thishome—tobeconstructedinChattanooga，Tennessee，laterthisyear—willbethefirstofitskind，asitwillcontainnoregularshapesorangles.ThehouseisthecreationofthedesigncompanyWAnTG，basedinLondonandCalifornia.ThedesignforCurveAppealdrawsinspirationfromtheCaseStudyHouseprogram.Thearchitectsleadingtheprogramwerefamedforconstantlypushingthelimitsintermsofminimalist(极简主义)materials，andtryingtocreateopenplanspacesthatfocusedonenhancing(增强)naturallight.Inawrittenstatement，aspokesmanforWATGsaid，“Employingmanyofthesamemoderndesignprinciples，CurveAppealisthenextevolutionarystep.It’simportantthatthearchitectureandtheenvironmentworktogetherharmoniously.ThechosensiteisstepsawayfromtheTennesseeRiverinabeautifulwooded，sunlitarea.”WATGwasawardedthefirstprizeintheFreeformHomeDesignChallengein2016andgivenprizemoneyof$8,000tomakeitsplansareality.Thecompetitionwasaimedatarchitects，designers，engineersandartists.Participantswerechallengedtodesigna600to800sqftsinglefamilyhomethatrethinkstraditionalaesthetics(美学)，ergonomics，construction，buildingsystemsandstructure.Overthelastyear，WATG’sChicagoofficehasbeendevelopingtheirdesignwithBranchTechnology.Thisprojectiscurrentlyunderway，workingtowardsbreakinggroundlaterthisyear.Oncecompleted，theCurveAppealhomewillhaveopenandlightfilledinsidelivingspaces.24．FromthepassagewecanknowthatCurveAppeal________.A．willbedifferentfromanordinaryhouseB．isthefirst3DprintedbuildingC．hasapparentwallsandaroofD．waseverbuiltintheworld25．WhereisthearchitecturelocatedaccordingtoParagraph4?A．FarawayfromtheTennesseeRiver.B．InthewoodsneartheTennesseeRiver.C．BetweentheTennesseeRiverandthewoods.D．Nexttosomemodernarchitectures.26．WhatdoestheFreeformHomeDesignChallengedo?A．Itmotivatesparticipantstodesignatrandom.B．Itemphasizestraditionsratherthanmodernization.nC．Itsponsorscompetitorswhennecessary.D．Ithelpsputcreativeideasintopractice.27．What’sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Whatourhomeswilllooklikeinthefuture.B．TheFreeformHomeDesignChallenge.C．Theworld’sfirstfreeform3Dprintedhouse.D．Thedevelopmentof3Dinarchitecture.Ⅳ.语法填空AgraduationspeechgivenbyChiefJusticeJohnRobertsbecameatalkingpointafterTheWashingtonPostpublishedit.Roberts28.______________(address)hisson’sninthgradegraduatingclass.Headvisedtheyounggraduates29.________(take)life’ssetbacksintheirstride(从容地)．Buthedidnotwish30.________(they)goodluck.“Now，thespeakerswilltypicallyalsowishyougoodluckandextendgood31.________(wish)toyou.Iwillnotdothat，andIwilltellyouwhy，”Robertssaid.“Fromtimetotime，intheyearstocome，Ihopeyouwillbetreated32.________(unfair)，sothatyouwillcometoknowthevalueofjustice.Sorrytosay，butIhopeyouwillbelonelyfromtimetotime，sothatyoudon’ttakefriends33.________granted.Iwishyoubadluckagain，fromtimetotime，sothatyouwillbeconsciousoftheroleofchanceinlifeandunderstandyoursuccessisnotcompletelydeservedand34.________thefailureofothersisnotcompletelydeservedeither.”Hecontinued，“Ihopeyou35.________(ignore)，soyouknowtheimportanceoflisteningtoothers,36.________Ihopeyouwillhavejustenoughpaintolearncompassion.”Intheend，eachgraduatereceivedapocketsizecopyoftheConstitution37.________(sign)byRoberts.n答案解析Ⅰ.1.tobuy　2.conducted　3.causing　4.curiosity5.educational6．sharply　7.arediscussed　8.hunger　9.contribution10．satisfiedⅡ.11.Imusttellhimthatcomputergamestoomuchisbadforhishealth，especiallyforhiseyes.12．Don’tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.Theharderyouwork，themistakesyou’llmake.13．Pressureisaseriousproblemandthestudentsinourclassareundertoopressure.14．Withmoreandmorecarsintoourfamilies，wearehappythatithasgreatlyimprovedourlife.15．Inordertobuildacivilizedcity，weshouldtryourbesttobehaveintheactivities.16．However，somestudentsthinkWeChatwillaffecttheirstudyiftheyspendtoomuchtimeit.17．Weshouldmakethebestofwehave.18．I’mwritingtotellyoumoreaboutthenewformofsharingbike—mobikeinyourlatestletter.19．Itisbecomingatrendasameansoftransportation，relievesthetrafficpressureinthiscity.20．Inmyopinion，Iaminfavorofcloningtheendangeredanimalsbutdisagreecloninghumanbeings.Ⅲ.21．D　[主旨大意题。本文在第一段引入主题：Thisiscalledregenerativemedicine(再生医学)；下文主要介绍了什么是再生医学，再生医学的具体应用、发展过程及前景。故选D。]22．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Theseyoungcellsarecalledstemcells，anddoctorscanusethemtogrowanytypeoftissue，suchasskin，heartorneye.”可知，医生可以用干细胞来培育任何类型的组织，故选B。]23．B　[观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，再生医学的科幻梦可能比我们想象的更接近，也许在将来，医生能够为我们培养出全新的身体。由此推断，作者对再生医学的发展充满希望，持乐观的态度。故选B。]24．A　[推理判断题。根据第二段“ExpertswillbuildahousecalledCurveAppeal，whichwillbe3Dprintedoffsitebeforebeingputtogetheronsite...”由此可知，CurveAppeal不同于一般的房子。故A项正确。]25．B　[细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“ThechosensiteisstepsawayfromtheTennesseeRiverinabeautifulwooded，sunlitarea.”可知，该建筑位于田纳西河附近的树林里。故B项正确。]26．D　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，该竞赛有助于把建筑师、设计师、工程师、艺术家等创造性的想法付诸实践。故D项正确。]27．C　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要谈论的是世界上第一所独创的3D打印的房子。故C项正确。]Ⅳ.28．addressed　[考查动词的时态。根据第一段可知，此处是讲述发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。]29．totake　[考查非谓语动词。advisesb.todosth.建议某人做某事。]30．them　[考查代词。此处位于及物动词后，应该用宾格。故填them。]31．wishes　[考查名词的单复数。此处的wish用作可数名词，其前无冠词，故用复数形式。]32．unfairly　[考查词性转换。此处修饰动词willbetreated，故用副词形式。]33．for　[考查介词。take...forgranted认为……理所当然。]34．that　[考查宾语从句的引导词。此处and连接两个并列的宾语从句，第二个宾语从句用that引导且不能省略。]35．willbeignored　[考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：我希望你们会被忽视。故用一般将来时的被动语态。]36．and　[考查连词。此处连接两个并列的Ihope句型。故填and。]n37．signed　[考查非谓语动词。根据空后的byRoberts可知，此处应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被罗伯茨签字的”，故填signed。]