2020版高考英语复习组合练第4练阅读理解完型填空语法填空短文改错练习 8页

第4练阅读理解完型填空语法填空短文改错Ⅰ.阅读理解Runnersneedtomove15percentfasteronatreadmill(跑步机)toburnthesamenumberofcaloriesasjoggingoutdoors，researchreveals.ResearchersfromMilanUniversityanalyzedthedifferencebetweenrunningoutdoorsandonatreadmillin15physicallyfitmaleswithanaverageageof21.Theparticipantscompletedasprint(短距离快速跑)for30secondsfollowedby30secondsofrecoveryforatotalof15minutesbothoutdoorsandonatreadmill.Oxygenuseandexerciseintensity(强度)weremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning.ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalofAppliedPhysiology，NutritionandMetabolism.Resultsrevealedthatwhenonatreadmill，runnersusesignificantlyloweramountsofoxygen，suggestinglesseffortisrequired.Therefore，runnersmustmove15percentfasteronatreadmilltoburnthesameamountofcaloriesasexercisingoutdoors，thestudystated.Thestudyauthorswrote，“A15percentincreaseinrunningspeedduringaperiodofstoppingandstartingofteninhighintensitytreadmilltrainingsessionisthebestpossiblesolutiontoreachingthesamephysiologicalresponsesasanoutdoortrainingsession.”Althoughthestudydidnotspeculate(推测)whytreadmillrunningappearstobeneedinglesseffortandenergy，previousresearchsuggeststhemovingbeltofatreadmillmovesjoggersforward，causingthemtomovefaster.Exercisingindoorsalsomeansgymgoersdonothavetodealwithsteephillsorwindresistance.MichaelSilverman，directorofrehabilitationandwellness(康复科)atNorthernWestchesterHospital，said，“Outdoors，youarechangingsurfacesconstantly，fightingthewind，andmakingquickandsuddenstartsandstops，whichallleadtoincreasedcaloricburn，”Shapemagazinereported.“Andwhilewedon’trecommendrunninginextremetemperatures，itisworthnotingthatyourbodyburnsextracaloriestoregulateyourbodytemperature，”hesays.1．Wherecanyoufindthespecificfindingsofthestudy?A．InParagraph2.B．InParagraph3.C．InParagraph4.D．InParagraph5.n2．Whatcanweknowaboutthestudy?A．Itsparticipantswereall21yearsold.B．Ittookoxygenuseandexerciseintensityintoconsideration.C．Itrevealedwhytreadmillrunningconsumeslesscalories.D．Michaelisoneoftheresearchers.3．Whydoesrunningonatreadmillseemeasieraccordingtothestudy?A．Therunnersneedlessenergy.B．Therunnerscanusuallygetenoughoxygen.C．Theintensityofrunningonthetreadmillismorestable.D．Themovingbeltpushesjoggersforward.Ⅱ.完形填空(2018·山东滨州二模)IamsothankfulthatIhadtheopportunitytospreadalittleloveandkindnesstoday.Ihaddoctor’s4inatownthat’sabout45minutesfromwhereIlived.Afterbothmyappointmentswere5，Istartedwalkingawayfromthebuildingand6anelderlywomanstandingatthegateanxiously.I7myselfandaskedifshewaswaitingforsomeoneorsheneeded8.Asitturnedout，shewashaving9walkingthedistanceandhadaskedforawheelchairandastaffmemberto10herupbutnoonehadcomeyet.Virginiaheatwaskindtonoone，andIwas11forthisdearlady’shealth.Iaskedherto12whileIwenttogetherwheelchairmyself.Irantothehelpdeskandaskedfora13toassisttheladyoutside.Thereceptionistaskedme，“Isthelady14？”Iwasupsetatthequestionandanswered，“She’sabitlarge，Isuppose，butiftransportingherisa(n)15foryou，Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”Shelookedsortofshockedbymy16，butthewomanoutsideneededhelp，nomatterher17.ThehelpdeskwomanandIwalkedtotheendofthepassage(走廊)tothenowseatedlady.Helpdeskperson18herhandtohelpthelady，butshesaid“No，I’mfine.Iwanttograbontoher19help.”Shewastalkingaboutme.Ihelpedthewomanintothewheelchairbutfirstlockedthebrakessothatshewouldbe20.Aftershewasseated，shesoftly21meformyhelp.WhenIreturnedhome，whathappenedtometodaykeptgoingthroughmymindandremindedmehowmuchI22theopportunitytohelpthelady.Itgavemeasenseoffulfillmentanda23heart.4．A.callsB．ordersnC．examinationsD．appointments5．A.madeB．doneC．arrangedD．booked6．A.recognizedB．knockedC．noticedD．greeted7．A.excusedB．helpedC．expressedD．adjusted8．A.adviceB．referenceC．treatmentD．assistance9．A.pressureB．troubleC．dangerD．fear10．A.pickB．getC．makeD．keep11．A.readyB．responsibleC．thankfulD．concerned12．A.helpB．moveC．waitD．stand13．A.wheelchairB．carC．friendD．stranger14．A.heavyB．sickC．oldD．weak15．A.businessB．mistakeC．issueD．choice16．A.wisdomB．commentC．persuasionD．calmness17．A.shapeB．ageC．characterD．size18．A.gaveupB．reachedoutC．gaveoutD．stuckto19．A.withB．byC．forD．about20．A.strongerB．steadierC．slowerD．faster21．A.calledB．beggednC．askedD．thanked22．A.appreciatedB．neededC．expectedD．found23．A.enjoyableB．familiarC．peacefulD．needyⅢ.语法填空(湖南三湘名校教育联盟高三模拟)HutongisakindofancienttypicalcitystreetinBeijing.24.(surround)theForbiddenCity，manywerebuiltduringtheYuan，MingandQing25.(dynasty)．Inordertoestablishthestrongestpowerforemperors，theroyalfamilyplannedthecityandarrangedtheresidentialareas(住宅区)．TheForbiddenCity—26.centeroftheBeijingcity，wastheroyalpalace.AttheendoftheQingdynasty，after27.(close)Chinacameundertheinfluencefromabroad，manyoldhutongslosttheirformerneat28.(arrange)．AfterthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChinain1949，theconditionsofhutong29.(improve)．Butinrecentyears，thehousesinmanyhutongshavebeenpulleddownandthenreplaced30.modernbuildings.Andthehutongstodayarefadingintotheshadeforbothtourists31.localpeople.However，intheurbandistrictofBeijing，hutongsstilloccupyonethirdofthetotalarea,32.(provide)housingforhalfpopulation，somanyhutongs33.(survive)theseyears.Inthisrespect，weseeBeijingasanancientyetmoderncity.Ⅳ.短文改错(2018·山东济南二模)ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandIgototheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.Afterwewentthere，wetalkedabouthowwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedattherewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawarmlywelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewpicturewiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheyoungones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，talkedandlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetohimandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.n答案解析Ⅰ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在跑步机上跑步比在户外跑步更省力，因此其健身效果不如在户外跑步好。1．B　[细节理解题。题干问及你能在哪里找到这项研究的具体发现。根据第三段第一句可知，研究成果发表在加拿大的《应用生理学、营养与代谢》杂志上；而第三段后边的内容讲述的正是这项研究的具体发现。故选B。]2．B　[细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Oxygenuseandexerciseintensity(强度)weremeasuredafterbothtypesofrunning.”可知，在这项研究中，氧气使用量和运动强度都被考虑在内。故选B。]3．D　[细节理解题。根据题干中的“runningonatreadmillseemeasier”定位到倒数第二段的“themovingbeltofatreadmillmovesjoggersforward，causingthemtomovefaster”，由此可知，跑步机的传送带带动慢跑者向前移动，从而使他们跑得更快、更省力。故选D。]Ⅱ.语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在医院帮助一位老人的故事。作者很感激有机会传递一点爱和善良。4．D　[call电话；order命令；examination检查；appointment约定。根据“Ihaddoctor’sinatownthat’sabout45minutesfromwhereIlived.”可知，我在一个离我住的地方大约45分钟车程的小镇上预约了医生。故选D。]n5．B　[make制造；do做，完成；arrange安排；book预定。根据“Afterbothmyappointmentswere，Istartedwalkingawayfromthebuilding...”可知，在预约结束后，我开始从大楼里走出来……。故选B。]6．C　[recognize认识；knock敲，碰击；notice注意到；greet问候。我开始从大楼里走出来，注意到一位老妇人焦急地站在门口。故选C。]7．A　[excuse原谅；help帮助；express表达；adjust调整。根据“Imyselfandaskedifshewaswaitingforsomeoneorsheneeded.”可知，我说打扰了，问她是否在等人……。故选A。]8．D　[advice建议；reference参考；treatment治疗，对待；assistance帮助。我问她是否在等人，或者她需要帮助。故选D。]9．B　[根据该空后的“...hadaskedforawheelchair...”可知，她走这段路有困难，所以要求坐轮椅。故选B。]10．A　[picksb.up接载某人。根据该空前的astaffmember可知，老妇人要坐轮椅，所以还需要一名工作人员来接她。]11．D　[ready准备好的；responsible负责任的；thankful感谢的；concerned牵挂的。根据“Virginiaheatwaskindtonoone，andIwasforthisdearlady’shealth.”可知，弗吉尼亚州的炎热对任何人都不友好，我很担心这位亲爱的女士的健康。故选D。]12．C　[help帮助；move移动；wait等待；stand站立。根据“IaskedhertowhileIwenttogetherwheelchairmyself.”可知，我请她等着，我去给她要轮椅。故选C。]13．A　[wheelchair轮椅；car小汽车；friend朋友；stranger陌生人。根据“Irantothehelpdeskandaskedforatoassisttheladyoutside.”可知，我跑到服务台，要了一个轮椅来帮助外面的女士。故选A。]14．A　[heavy重的；sick生病的；old老的；weak虚弱的。根据常识以及作者的回答“She’sabitlarge，Isuppose，butiftransportingherisa(n)foryou，Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”可知，接待员问的是“那位女士重吗？”故选A。]15．C　[business生意；mistake错误；issue问题；choice选择。根据下文的“Iamwillingtodoitmyself.”可知，作者说的是：如果运送她对你来说是个问题的话，我愿意自己去做。可知选C。]16．B　[wisdom智慧；comment评论；persuasion劝说；calmness冷静。根据上文和常识可知，作者这样说，让对方感到很吃惊。故选B。]n17．D　[shape形状；age年龄；character性格；size大小。根据上文可知，对方询问女士的体重，作者说她体形有点大。可知此处指她的体形大小。故选D。]18．B　[giveup放弃；reachout伸出；giveout分发；stickto坚持。根据“Helpdeskpersonherhandtohelpthelady，”可知，是伸手去帮助那位女士，故选B。]19．C　[根据“butshesaid‘No，I’mfine.Iwanttograbontoherhelp.’”可知，咨询台的人伸出手去帮助那位女士，但那位女士不想让作者帮忙而是想抓住作者的手让她帮忙。故选C。]20．B　[stronger更强壮的；steadier更稳定的；slower更慢的；faster更快的。根据“Ihelpedthewomanintothewheelchairbutfirstlockedthebrakessothatshewouldbe.”可知，我帮助那位女士坐上了轮椅，但首先锁住了刹车，这样她就能更稳当了。故选B。]21．D　[call打电话；beg祈求；ask问；thank感谢。根据“Aftershewasseated，shesoftlymeformyhelp.”可知，在她坐好后，她温柔地感谢我的帮助。故选D。]22．A　[appreciate欣赏，感激；need需要；expect期盼；find发现。根据下文的描述可知，此处表示作者感激有机会帮助这位女士。故选A。]23．C　[enjoyable快乐的；familiar熟悉的；peaceful和平的，平静的；needy贫穷的。根据“Itgavemeasenseoffulfillmentandaheart.”可知，它给了我一种成就感和一颗平静的心。故选C。]Ⅲ.24．Surrounding　[考查非谓语动词。many和surround之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。]25．dynasties　[考查名词的用法。根据句意可知，此处指元、明、清三个朝代，故用复数形式。]26．the　[考查冠词的用法。此处特指“北京市的中心”，故用定冠词the。]27．closed　[考查形容词作定语。此处是说封闭的中国受到外国的影响。修饰名词China，所以要用其形容词形式closed。]28．arrangement　[考查词性转换。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语，所以填其名词形式arrangement。]29．wereimproved　[考查动词的时态和语态。根据句中的inn1949可知用一般过去时；此处意为：胡同的状况得到了改善。故用一般过去时的被动语态。]30．by　[考查介词的用法。bereplacedby被……所取代，故用介词by。]31．and　[考查连词的用法。此处是both...and...结构，表示并列关系。]32．providing　[考查非谓语动词。hutongs与provide之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。]33．havesurvived　[考查动词的时态。句意为：这些年，很多胡同已经幸存下来了。根据该空后的theseyears可知用现在完成时。]Ⅳ.ThiswinterholidaymyclassmatesandItotheSunshineWelfareHouseforvoluntarywork.wewentthere，wetalkedaboutwecoulddoforthekidsoverthephone.Thenextday，wearrivedattherewithgiftswehadprepared，andwereceivedawelcome.Thenwebegantoplaywiththem.Idrewwiththeolderkids，andmyclassmatestoldstoriestotheones.Wespentthewholeafternoonwiththem，andlaughing.Itwasgettinglate.Wewavedgoodbyetoandfeltdelightedtoabletoaccompanythosechildren.