广西课标版2019版高考英语大二轮专题复习阅读理解专题突破练习1 12页

阅读理解专题突破练1第一节A体裁:说明文　　词数:290　　用时:7分钟UniversityRoomRegulationsApprovedandProhibitedItemsThefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidential(提供住宿的)rooms:electricblankets,hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.Itemsthatarenotallowedinstudentroomsinclude:candles,ceilingfans,fireworks,waterbeds,sunlampsandwirelessrouters(路由器).PleasenotethatanyprohibiteditemswillbetakenawaybytheOfficeofResidenceLife.AccesstoResidentialRoomsStudentsareprovidedwithacombination(组合密码)fortheirroomdoorlocksuponcheck-in.Donotshareyourroomdoorlockcombinationwithanyone.TheOfficeofResidenceLifemaychangethedoorlockcombinationatanytimeattheexpenseoftheresidentifitisfoundthatthestudenthassharedthecombinationwithothers.Thefeeis$25tochangearoomcombination.CookingPolicyStudentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.Studentsmustcleanupaftercooking.Thisisnottheresponsibilityofhousekeepingstaff.Kitchensthatarenotkeptcleanmaybeclosedforuse.Withtheexceptionofusingasmallmicrowaveoventoheatfood,studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.PetPolicyNopetsexceptfisharepermittedinstudentrooms.Studentswhoarefoundwithpets,whethervisitingorownedbythestudent,aresubjecttoaninitialfineof$100andacontinuingfineof$50adayperpet.Studentsreceiveawrittennoticewhenthenfinegoesintoeffect.If,oneweekfromthedateofthewrittennotice,thepetisnotremoved,thestudentisreferredtotheStudentCourt.【解题导语】本文介绍了某个大学的学生公寓的规章制度,包括宿舍内可用和禁止使用的物品、厨房的使用制度、饲养宠物的事项等。1.Whichofthefollowingitemsareallowedinstudentrooms?A.Wirelessroutersandradios.B.Hairdryersandcandles.C.Ceilingfansandwaterbeds.D.TVsandelectricblankets.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段的第一句“Thefollowingitemsareapprovedforuseinresidentialrooms:electricblankets,hairdryers,personalcomputers,radios,televisionsandDVDplayers.”可知,在宿舍可以使用电视和电热毯,故D项正确。2.Whatdoweknowaboutthecookingpolicy?A.Amicrowaveovencanbeused.B.Cookinginstudentroomsispermitted.C.Ahousekeeperistocleanupthekitchen.D.Studentsaretoclosekitchendoorsaftercooking.答案A解析细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句“Withtheexceptionofusingasmallmicrowaveoventoheatfood,studentsarenotpermittedtocookintheirrooms.”可知,学生可以使用微波炉加热食物,故A项正确。根据第三段的第一句“Studentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedtocookinthekitchen.”可知,学生只能在厨房烹饪食物,故B项错误;根据第三段的第二句“Studentsmustcleanupaftercooking.”可知,学生做完饭后必须自己打扫厨房,故C项错误;D项文中没有提及。n3.Ifastudentkeepsacatinhisroomforaweekafterreceivingthewrittennotice,hewillface　　　. A.afineof$100　　　　　　　B.parentvisitsC.theStudentCourtD.afinalwarning答案C解析细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句可知,如果学生在收到书面通知的一个星期内没有送走宠物,该学生将被送交给学生法庭,故C项正确。根据最后一段的第二句“Studentswhoarefoundwithpets...$100andacontinuingfineof$50adayperpet.”可知,如果学生被发现饲养宠物,最初罚款100美元,其后每天罚款50美元,故A项错误;B项和D项文中没有提及。B体裁:说明文　　词数:343　　用时:8分钟Somepeoplecallitatravelingmuseum.Othersrefertoitasalivingoropen-airmuseum.BuiltinBraziltohonorColumbus’firstvoyagetotheNewWorld,theNina,aColumbus-erareplica(复制品)ship,providesvisitorswithanaccuratevisualofthesizeandsailingequipmentofColumbus’favoriteshipfromover500yearsago.IjoinedthecrewoftheNinainGulfShores,Alabama,inFebruary2013.Aspartofaresearchprojectsponsoredbymyuniversity,mygoalwastodocumentmydaysaboardtheshipinablog.IquicklyrealizedthatIgainedthemostvaluableinsightswhenIobservedorgavetourstoschool-agechildren.Thefield-triptouroftheNinaishands-onlearningatitsbest.Inthissetting,studentscouldtouchtheline,passaroundaballaststone(压舱石),andmovetheextremelylargetillerthatcontrolledthedirectionoftheshipsinColumbus’days.Theysooncametounderstandthelaborinvolvedinsailingtheshipbackinhistime.Iwaspleasedtoseethestudentsbecomeactiveparticipantsintheirlearningprocess.TheNinaisnottheonlytravelingmuseumthatprovidessuchfieldtrips.AvisittoJamestownSettlement,forexample,allowsvisitorstoboardthreerecreationsoftheshipsthatbroughtthefirstsettlersfromEnglandtoVirginiaintheearly1600s.Historicalguides,dressedinperiodcostumes,givetoursoftheSusannConstant,Godspeed,andDiscovery.Theseguidesoftenportrayacharacterthatwouldhavelivedandworkedduringthattimeperiod.Studentstouringtheseshipsareencouragedtointeractwiththeguidesinordertobetterunderstandthedailylifeinthepast.MyexperienceontheNinahelpstestify(证实)mylong-heldbeliefthatstudentsstayinterested,askbetterquestions,andengage(参与)inhigher-orderthinkingtaskswhentheyareactivelyengagedinthelearningprocess.ThestudentswhoboardedtheNinacameaspassivelearners.Theyleftasboldexplorers. 【解题导语】本文介绍了哥伦布航海时用的航船的复制品,它是一个开放的博物馆。学生参观这一特殊的博物馆可以积极主动地参与学习。4.Whatoccupationistheauthorengagedin?A.Shipping.B.Education.C.Ecologicaltourism.D.Museumadministration.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句“IquicklyrealizedthatIgainedthemostvaluableinsightswhenIobservedorgavetourstoschool-agechildren.”可知,作者在给学龄儿童介绍有关航船复制品的历史知识;据此可以判断,作者从事的是教育行业,故B项正确。A项意为“航运”,C项意为“生态旅游”,D项意为“博物馆管理”,都与语境不符。5.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheNinaintroducedinthepassage?A.SheisareplicaofashipthatColumbusbuiltinBrazil.B.Sheisalwayscrowdedwithforeigntouristsduringholidays.C.SheistheboatColumbussailedinhisvoyagetotheNewWorld.D.ShedisplayswhatColumbus’shipwaslikeandhowitoperated.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“providesvisitorswithanaccuratevisualofthesizeandsailingequipmentofColumbus’favoriteship”可知,Nina为人们提供了哥伦布的航船的原貌;根据第二段的“Inthissetting,studentscouldtouchtheline,passnaroundaballaststone,andmovetheextremelylargetillerthatcontrolledthedirectionoftheshipsinColumbus’days.”可知,Nina还提供了如何操作该航船的方法,故D项正确。6.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Guidelinesforvisitorsontheships.B.LifeofthefirstsettlersinJamestownSettlement.C.DutiesoftheguidesintheBritishmuseums.D.IntroductiontoanothermuseumsimilartotheNina.答案D解析段落大意题。根据第三段的“TheNinaisnottheonlytravelingmuseum...AvisittoJamestownSettlement,forexample,allowsvisitorstoboardthreerecreationsoftheshipsthatbroughtthefirstsettlers...”可知,第三段主要介绍了另一个与Nina类似的航行博物馆,故D项正确。7.Whatdoestheauthormeanbythelasttwosentencesofthepassage?A.Thestudentsareinterestedinbecomingtourguides.B.Theexperiencehaschangedthestudents’learningattitude.C.Thestudentsbecomebraveandarereadytosailtheseasontheirown.D.Themuseumsaresuccessfulinteachingthestudentssurvivalskillsatsea.答案B解析句意猜测题。根据文章最后两句可知,登上了哥伦布航船复制品Nina的学生变成了主动学习的学生,他们成了知识的勇敢探索者。据此可以判断,最后两句旨在说明,这种游览改变了学生们的学习态度,故B项正确。C体裁:人物故事　　词数:323　　用时:8分钟n(2017河南洛阳第一次统考)ThereisalottolearnaboutthecreationsofBeatrixPotter—notonlyisshetheauthorandillustratorofoneoftheworld’smostfamouschildren’sbooks,TheTaleofPeterRabbit,butalsoapioneeringconservationistwiththespiritofascientist.“PottergrewupasthedaughterofawealthyVictorianfamily,butalongwithherbrotherwhofilledanentireflooroftheirlargehouseinLondonwithallsortsofanimals,”saidAnneLundin,aretiredprofessorfortheUW-MadisonSchoolofLibraryandInformationStudies.“Asanadult,shewasafrustratedbotanicalillustratorandscientist.Thatfieldwasnotopentoherbecauseshewasfemale,”Lundinsaid.Potterwasurgedtoturnthecharmingillustrationsandstoriesshewroteinletterstochildrenintobooks.Shewrote23booksinall—abodyofworkthathasinspiredplays,ballets,filmsandanastonishingamountofmerchandise.“TheTaleofPeterRabbitisprobablythemostfamouschildren’sbookintheworld,whichwaspublishedin1902andhasreallystoodthetestoftime.It’sbeentranslatedinto36languages.Theparentsandgrandparentswillshareitwiththenextgeneration,”saidLundin.Potteralsomadeamarkontheworldthroughherlandconservation.“Inmanyways,shewaslikePeterRabbit,venturingintoaworldofadventureandrisk.ShewithdrewfromLondonassoonasshestartedmakingsomemoneyonherbookstotheLakeDistrictandbecameanextremelyimportantfarmerandconservationist.Shepreservedandpassedon15farmsandover4,000acres,whichweregivenbacktothecountryasgiftsinthe20thcentury,”saidLundin.Eventhoughshewasborn150yearsago,shewasamazinglymodern—herembracingofthenaturalworld,commentedJenniferBlatchleySmith,anartisticdirectoroftheshowPeterRabbitTalestocelebratethe150thanniversaryofPotter’sbirth.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了儿童作家BeatrixPotter的故事。8.WhathelpedBeatrixPottertowriteTheTaleofPeterRabbitsuccessfully?nA.Herlifeandworkexperiences.B.Herspecialtyinanimated(动画)pictures.C.Hersuccessinbecomingabotanicalscientist.D.Herinterestinanimalsinchildhoodalone.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段的整体内容可推知,儿童作家BeatrixPotter成功地写出了TheTaleofPeterRabbit,这与她的生活和工作经历密不可分。9.Whatdoestheword“frustrated”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Disappointed.B.Devoted.C.Motivated.D.Inspired.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Thatfieldwasnotopentoherbecauseshewasfemale...”可推知,Potter在成为植物插图画家和科学家的道路上不是一帆风顺的,主要是因为当时这一领域还未对女性开放,由此可推知frustrated意为“不得志的,失意的”,故选A项。10.WhatisBeatrixPotter?A.Abotanistandartist.B.Anextremelyimportantfarmerandsuccessfulscientist.C.Awriter,conservationistandfarmer.D.Anartisticdirector.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段可知,BeatrixPotter是一个作家兼有科学家精神的保护主义者,结合倒数第二段可知,BeatrixPotter还是一个农民,故选C项。根据第三段中的“Asanadult...Thatfieldwasnotopentoherbecauseshewasfemale...”可推知,Potter当时并不是植物学家,此外文中并没有提到她是艺术家,A项错;B项错在successfulnscientist,与第三段的“shewasa...scientist”相悖;D项错在artisticdirector,那是JenniferBlatchleySmith的身份,而不是BeatrixPotter的身份,故排除。11.Whydoestheauthorwritethearticle?A.IncelebrationofPotter’s150thbirthday.B.InhonourofPotter’snewcontributions.C.InpraiseofPotter’sspiritofselflessness.D.InsupportofPotter’sbookpromotions.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段可知,作者写本文的目的在于庆祝Potter的150周年诞辰。D体裁:说明文　　词数:286　　用时:7分钟(2017安徽合肥第一次教学质检)Manyyoungpeoplethesedaysadoretheadvertisedmagazinebodyandbecometoofocusedonattainingthisimageinsteadofworryingmoreaboutwhatlastsandevengrowsovertime.Butcouldyouimaginebeingconsideredbeautifulforyears,andsuddenlybeinguglyaftermovingtoanothercontinent?Itisasadrealitythatpeopledon’trealizehowvacillatingtheideaofbeautycanbefromonecountrytoanother.ThinkofthemosttypicalAmericangirlyouknow.Issheblonde-hairedwithwhiteskinandlightblueeyes,anddoessheloveshoppingorsports?NowplacethisgirlintheheartofAfrica,wherebeautyisplacedonwhatyoucancontrol.TheMaasaitribeinKenyafocusesonhowcleanpeopleare,andhowstylishtheirpiercings(穿孔)are.Thistribe’scultureistobeabravefighter,sotheywillcuttheirskinwithpatternsinittoshowthattheyarestrong.Ifyoudon’tlookfierce,youarenotbeautiful.nOthercountrieslikeSouthKoreahavetheirownuniqueviewsonbeauty.Inaninterview,awomanclaimsthatbeautyinDPRKisbasedmoreonyourabilitytobeagoodwomanandwife.ShesaysthatwomeninDPRKarelessconcernedaboutfashionandbeautyinthephysicalsense.Shesaystheydidhaveatimewhenbigeyeswereabigdealandeveryonewantedtogetdoubleeyelidsurgery.ThisissomethingextremeandcouldperhapsbeinfluencedbyWesternculture.Butdon’tyouthinktheideaofgettingsurgerydonetolookmoreattractiveiscrazy?【解题导语】本文主要介绍了不同群体的文化差异使得人们对美的观点不尽相同。12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vacillating”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Inconsistent.B.Reasonable.C.Unusual.D.Similar.答案A解析词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“Butcouldyouimaginebeingconsideredbeautifulforyears,andsuddenlybeinguglyaftermovingtoanothercontinent?”可知,许多年里,你都被认为是美丽的,在你搬到另一个大陆后突然会被认为是难看的。由此可知美会随着地点的不同发生变化,因此此处指人们没有意识到不同国家的人对美的观点是不一致的。inconsistent“不一致的”;reasonable“合理的”;unusual“不寻常的”;similar“相似的”。13.TheMaasaitribeinKenyaismentionedtoshowthatintheireyes　　　. A.gettingdirtyisstylishB.lookingfierceisbeautifulC.strongpeoplecuttheirskinD.Americangirlsloveshopping答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段的“Ifyoudon’tlookfierce,youarenotbeautiful.”可知,肯尼亚的Maasai部落认为看起来凶猛就是美丽的。14.Accordingtothewomaninterviewed,womeninDPRKnow　　　. nA.carealotabouttheirappearanceB.putthebeautyofeyesinthefirstplaceC.paygreatattentiontotheirabilityD.arecrazyaboutdoubleeyelidsurgery答案C解析细节理解题。根据最后一段的第二句可知,这里的女性现在更加关注她们成为好女人和好妻子的能力。15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Innerbeautyisofgreatimportance.B.Ideasofbeautyvaryamongculturegroups.C.Differentwaysareneededtoadmiretruebeauty.D.Fashionmagazineseasilyinfluenceyoungpeople.答案B解析主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Itisasadrealitythatpeopledon’trealizehowvacillatingtheideaofbeautycanbefromonecountrytoanother.”可知,不同国家的人对美的观点是不同的,即不同的文化群体对美的观点不尽相同。第二节体裁:说明文　　词数:230　　用时:7分钟Cultureshockreferstotheanxietyandfeelings(surprise,uncertainty,confusion,etc.)feltwhenpeoplehavetooperatewithinadifferentandunknownculturalorsocialenvironment,suchasaforeigncountry.Generallyspeaking,wecouldsaythattherearefourstagesofcultureshock.Thefirststageiscalled“thehoneymoon”.Inthisstage,youareexcitedaboutlivinginadifferentplace.　16　 nThenextstageis“thehostility(敌意)stage”.Inthisstage,youbegintonoticenoteverythingisasgoodasyouoriginallythoughtitwas.　17　Moreover,peopledon’ttreatyoulikeaguestanymore. Thenyoucometothethirdstagecalled“recovery”.Inthisstage,youstarttofeelmorepositive.　18　Thewholesituationstartstobecomemorefavorableandyoubegintolearntoadaptyourselftoit. Thelaststageofcultureshockiscalled“adjustment”.Inthisstage,youhavereachedapointwhereyouactuallyfeelgood.　19　Thethingsthatoriginallymadeyoufeeluncomfortableorstrangearenowthingsthatyouunderstand.Nowyouhaveadjustedtothenewcultureandyoufeelcomfortable. Notallindividualsvisitinganothercountrywillexperienceallthesefourstages.　20　Italsooccurswithinculturesasindividualsmovefromplacetoplaceorfromonesettingtoanother(e.g.fromhighschooltocollege). A.Youbegintounderstandyouneedtotravelalot.B.You’velearnedenoughtounderstandthenewculture.C.Youbecometiredofmanythingsaboutthenewculture.D.Friendsshouldhelpeachothertodealwithcultureshock.E.Inaddition,cultureshockisnotlimitedtooverseasvisitors.F.Andeverythingseemstobegreatandpeopleseemtobenicetoyou.G.Andyoutrytodevelopcomprehensionofeverythingyoudidn’tunderstand.答案与解析【解题导语】本文主要介绍了“文化冲击”的定义和经历文化冲击的四个阶段。16.F　根据上句“Inthisstage,youareexcitedaboutlivinginadifferentplace.”可知,这一阶段你会对在不同地方生活感到兴奋;结合该段第二句“Thefirststageiscalled‘thehoneymoon’.”可以判断,空处陈述在文化冲击的“蜜月期”的感受,故F项符合文意。n17.C　根据上句“Inthisstage,youbegintonoticenoteverythingisasgoodasyouoriginallythoughtitwas.”可知,在这一阶段,你开始注意到并非一切如你想象的那样好;据此可以判断,空处陈述在第二阶段“敌意期”的感受,故C项符合文意。18.G　根据空处下句“Thewholesituationstartstobecomemorefavorableandyoubegintolearntoadaptyourselftoit.”可知,你会学习让自己适应新的环境;据此可以判断,空处表达“你尝试着理解你以前不理解的一切”,故G项正确。19.B　根据空处下句“Thethingsthatoriginallymadeyoufeeluncomfortableorstrangearenowthingsthatyouunderstand.”可知,你理解了原先感到不舒服或陌生的事物;据此可以判断,空处说明你已经足以理解新的文化,故B项正确。20.E　根据文章最后一句“Italsooccurswithinculturesasindividualsmovefromplacetoplaceorfromonesettingtoanother(e.g.fromhighschooltocollege).”可判断,空处陈述文化冲击发生的其他范围,故E项符合文意。