2020版高考英语一轮复习组合练第1练阅读理解七选五练习 8页

第1练阅读理解七选五Ⅰ.阅读理解ACakanisasuccessfulbusinessmanfromMontenegro，whohasearnedhimselfnicknames(昵称)like“thebestboss”and“Brother”bybeingsurprisinglygeneroustohisemployees.Cakan，whoowns“CakanSports”，thelargestsportinggoodsstorechaininMontenegro，hasbeenmakingnewsheadlinesforyears，butnotforhisprofessionalsuccess.Heisbestknownforthegenerosityheshowstohisfaithfulandhardworkingemployees.Thebusinessmanfirmlybelievesthathiscompanycanboomonlyifhekeepshisemployeeshappy，andtothatend，hehasofferedthebestofthemsomeprettyunbelievablepresents.Cakanfirstsurprisedhisworkersbackin2012，whenheofferedfourofthembrandnewcars—2VWGolf6and2VWpolo—completewithpaidinsurance.TheyweresomeoftheoldestandmosthardworkingemployeesofCakanSports，andsincethecompanyhadrecentlymoveditsoperationsoutsidethecity，Cakanthoughthisbestpeopleshouldn’thavetostruggletogettowork.“Whenwesawthem，wewerespeechless，”Danijela，oneofthereceivers，remembers.“Whilethebosswassaying‘thisisagiftforyou’，allIcouldthinkofwas‘thisisnotreal，thiscan’tbehappeningtous’．”ButthiswasjustoneofthegenerouswaysCakanhasrewardedhisemployeesovertheyears.In2014，afterhearingthatoneofhisworkershadbeensavinguphispaycheckssohecouldbuyatickettotheWorldCupsoccerfinal，inBrazil，hetookhimtherehimself，athisownexpense.Askedwhyhedoesn’tuseacheapermeansofmotivatinghisemployees，likeasmallraiseoracashbonus，Cakanhadthistosay，“Moneycomesandgoes，butmemoriesareforever.”Askedwhymanyofhisemployeescallhim“Brother”，Cakantoldareporterthatitwasbecause“brothersalwayshelpeachother”．1．WhatisCakanbestnotedfor?A．Hisfrequentheadlinenewsforyears.B．Hisgreatsuccessinhisbusiness.C．Hisextremegenerositytohisemployees.D．Hislargestsportinggoodsstorechain.2．WhydidCakanofferhisfourbestworkersnewcars?A．Tomakethemtraveltoworkeasily.nB．Torewardtheircreativeideasinwork.C．Toencouragethemtogettoworkearlier.D．Tohelpthemreducetrafficexpenses.3．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．ASmartBusinessmanB．AConsiderateEmployerC．HardworkingEmployeesD．UnbelievablePresentsBWhatdoyouusuallydowhenyouhavesomefreetime？Doyoutakepartinanyformofhobby？Ifyouranswerisno，thenyoushouldthinktwice.Cultivatingsometypesofinterestorhobbiesmightbetheidealwaytodevelopyourbrainandimproveyourcreativethinking.Hereisacommonproblemthatmanyolderpeoplehave.Theyhavespentsuchagreatdealoftimeraisingtheirfamilythatoncetheirchildrenaregrownandlefthome，theyallofasuddenstarttoexperiencetheirage.Quiteoften，itisnottheiragethatistheconcern.Itisthefactthattheyareunexpectedlyofferedmoretimeontheirhands.Whenyouputintoomuchtimenotdoinganything，thiscanaffectyourbrain.Thisisjustwheretheexpression“Ifyoudon’tuseit，youloseit”definitelyisthetruth.Yourmindneedsworkingoutmuchlikeanyothermusclesinyourbody.Thisiswhygettingahobbymatters.Itoffersyousomethingtodoandisaperfectwaytomeetnewpeople.Enjoyingahobbyisalsoaperfectwaytoimprovecreativethinkingatanyage.Evenyoungchildrencanprofitfromtakinganewhobby.Forretiredpeople，enjoyingahobbywhichtheycanfindentertainmentinwiththeirgrandchildrenwillhelpkeepthemactiveandfeelyoungatheart.Severalhobbiesthatareterrificforbothyourmindandyourbodyincludeyoga，biking，swimmingandgolf.Ifyouaren’tfondofsports，eventakingawalkregularlyisawonderfulwaytokeepactive.Ithelpsyoutoappreciatefreshsceneryandithasbeensuggestedthatthecolorsgreenandbluehelpmakeyoumorecreative.Asyoucanseeabove，youcangetprettymuchfromtakingahobby.Withsomanychoiceswaitingforyou，beginyourjourneyrightaway!n4．WhatcanbeimpliedaboutmanyolderpeoplefromParagraph2?A．Theylackcreativethinking.B．Theyshoulddeveloptheirbrain.C．Theyconcernabouttheirage.D．Theyusedtohavelittlefreetime.5．Whydoesgettingahobbymatteraccordingtothetext?A．Itstrengthensone’sbrain.B．Ithelpsbuildupone’smuscles.C．Itenablesonetomakefriends.D．Itimprovesone’slivingconditions.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“terrific”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Specific.B．Disgusting.C．Wonderful.D．Fundamental.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TryingDifferentHobbiesB．SpendingYourFreeTimeC．ExperiencingYourHobbyNowD．FeelingYoungatHeartCCouldthedevice，smartphoneorPC，whichyouareusingaffectthemoraldecisionsyoumakewhenusingit？Totestit，researcherspresentedmultipledilemmastoasamplesetof1,010people.Theparticipantswereassignedadeviceatrandom.Onecaseofthequestionsparticipantswereaskedistheclassic“trolley(有轨电车)problem”：Arunawaytrolleyisheadedtowards，fivepeopleweretieduponasetoftraintracks.Youcandonothing，resultinginthedeathoffivepeople，orpushamanoffthebridge，whichwillstopthetrolley.Thepracticalresponseistokillonemantosavefivelives，which33.5percentofsmartphoneuserschose，comparedwith22.3percentofPCusers.“Whatwefoundinourstudyisthatwhenpeopleusedasmartphonetoviewclassicmoralproblems，theyweremorelikelytomakemoreunemotional，reasonabledecisionswhenpresentedwithahighlyemotionaldilemma，”DrAlbertBarqueDuran，theleadauthorofthestudy，toldCity，UniversityofLondon.“ThiscouldbeduetotheincreasedtimepressureoftenpresentwithsmanrtphonesandalsotheincreasedpsychologicaldistancewhichcanoccurwhenweusesuchdevicescomparedtoPCs.”Asforwhytheresearchersstartedthisstudy，DrBarqueDurannoted，“Duetothefactthatoursociallives，workandevenshoppingtakeplaceonline，itisimportanttothinkabouthowthecontextswherewetypicallyfacemoraldecisionsandareaskedtoengageinmoralbehaviorhavechanged，andtheimpactthiscouldhaveonthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhousesuchdevicesdaily.”It’sclearthatweneedmoreresearchesonhowourdevicesaffectourmoraldecisionmakingbecausewe’reusingscreensataneverincreasingrate.8．Whydidtheauthormentionthetrolleyproblem?A．Tointroduceadifficultproblemtoreaders.B．Tointroducetheaimofcarryingoutthestudy.C．Toshowanexampleofthequestionsinthestudy.D．Toshowthedifficultyindealingwithdilemmas.9．Howdothesmartphoneusersofthestudybehaveindealingwithemotionaldilemmas?A．Calmly.B．Cruelly.C．Hesitantly.D．Enthusiastically.10．DrAlbertbelievesthatcomparedwithPCs，smartphones.A．helppeoplebearmorepressureB．helppeoplemakedecisionsquickC．makepeoplefeelmorementallydistantD．makepeoplestayhappiertosolveproblems11．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Shoppingonlinehasagreateffectonmakingmoraldecisions.B．ThepeopleusingsmartphonesaremorethanthoseusingPCs.C．PeoplewhooftenusesmartphonesorPCsalwaysmeetwithdilemmas.D．Itiscommonforpeopletobeinvolvedinmakingmoraldecisionsindailylife.Ⅱ.七选五(2018·湖南郴州第二次质检)TeenageBrainsintheDigitalWorldWhenitcomestotechnology，adultswon’tbeabletokeepupwiththeirchildren.Ittooktheradio38yearstoreach50millionpeople，butittookonly20yearsforthephonetoreachthesamenumber，and13yearsforthetelevision.Incontrast，ittookFacebook3.6years.12.nOverthe15years，digitalcommunicationhasbroughtinmorechangesthantheprintingpressdidin1570.Andthosemostlikelytousetheminthisworldareteenagers，whosebrainsappeartohaveanextraordinarycapacitytoadapttotheworldaroundthem.13，enablingteenagerstokeepupwiththeincreasingpaceofdigitaltechnologyandgivingthemanadvantagewhenitcomestomultitasking(多重任务处理)．IntheUS，onaverageteenagersspend8.5hoursadayusingcomputers，mobiles，andotherdevicestolearn，interactandplay.14，suchastalkingonthephonewhileyou’rewatchingTV.Astheystareatthesescreens，they’retakinginandsortingthroughanincredibleamountofinformation.15.YouTubeindicatesthatteenagersallovertheworldarewatchingthesameclipsandlaughingatthesamejoke，indicatingthattheyaremoreglobalmindedthanteenagersinthepast.Theymaybekeenontextingtheirfriendsandpostingupdatesonsocialmediasites.16.Bytheageof30，ourbrainswillbecomemoresetintheirways，makingitharderforustoadaptandcopewiththenewtechnology.A．However，thereisacutoffB．Twitteronlyneeded88daysC．ThereareconcernsabouthowtomakefriendsonlineD．ThereisanadvantageofthegrowingdigitaltrendE．Havingamoreflexiblebrainmeanscertainpartsofithaven’tdevelopedyetF．ThismeansthattheteenagebrainscanadapttonewtechnologyG．Thisincreasesto11.5hoursifyouincludeallthemultitaskingthatgoesonn答案解析Ⅰ.1．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段可知，察坎以对员工非常的慷慨而著名。故答案为C。]2．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“Cakanthoughthisbestpeopleshouldn’thavetostruggletogettowork”可知，察坎为他最优秀的员工提供汽车是为了让他们轻松地去上班。由此可知答案为A。]3．B　[标题归纳题。根据第一段及下文内容可知，本文叙述的是一位慷慨、体贴的老板——察坎。故“AConsiderateEmployer(一位体贴的老板)”作本文标题最佳。]语篇解读　文章介绍了业余爱好对老年人的好处：锻炼脑力、强身健体。作者呼吁人们马上行动起来。4．D　[推理判断题。由第二段中的“Theyhavespentsuchagreatdealoftimeraisingtheirfamily...Quiteoften，itisnottheiragethatistheconcern.Itisthefactthattheyareunexpectedlyofferedmoretimeontheirhands.”可知，很多老年人年轻时把时间主要用来养家糊口，年老之后，他们担心的不是变老，而是他们有了过多的可以自由支配的时间。由此推知，他们原来很少有自由时间。故D选项正确。]5．A　[细节理解题。由第三段中的“Yourmindneedsworkingoutmuchlikeanyothermusclesinyourbody.Thisiswhygettingahobbymatters.”可知，就像你身体的其他部位一样，你的大脑需要锻炼。这就是业余爱好重要的原因。可知，业余爱好可以锻炼大脑、增强脑力。故A选项正确。]6．C　[词义猜测题。第三段和第四段主要介绍了业余爱好可以锻炼脑力，同时对身体有好处。结合选项，该画线单词意思应为C选项：极好的。]7．C　[标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了业余爱好对老年人的好处。最后一段是总结段。最后一段提到我们可以从业余爱好中受益。你可以有很多选择，马上开始吧。故C项适合做该文标题。]语篇解读　本文是一篇科普类文章。你所使用的手机或电脑设备能否影响你的道德决策？为此，研究者对1,010位参与者做了研究。8．C　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Onecaseofthequestionsparticipantswereaskednistheclassic‘trolley(有轨电车)problem’”可推断出，作者提到有轨电车问题，只是展示了研究中问题的一个例子。故选C。]9．A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Whatwefoundinourstudyisthatwhenpeopleusedasmartphonetoviewclassicmoralproblems，theyweremorelikelytomakemoreunemotional，reasonabledecisionswhenpresentedwithahighlyemotionaldilemma”可知，面对情感困境，手机使用者能够更冷静地处理。故选A。]10．C　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ThiscouldbeduetotheincreasedtimepressureoftenpresentwithsmartphonesandalsotheincreasedpsychologicaldistancewhichcanoccurwhenweusesuchdevicescomparedtoPCs.”可知，与电脑相比，手机更使人感到精神上的疏远。故选C。]11．D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Duetothefactthatoursociallives，workandevenshoppingtakeplaceonline，itisimportanttothinkabouthowthecontextswherewetypicallyfacemoraldecisionsandareaskedtoengageinmoralbehaviorhavechanged，andtheimpactthiscouldhaveonthehundredsofmillionsofpeoplewhousesuchdevicesdaily.”可知，在日常生活中，人们参与道德决策是很普遍的。]Ⅱ.语篇解读　提及技术，成年人将无法跟上他们的孩子。本文论述的是数字世界里的青少年大脑。12．B　[根据上文“butittookonly20yearsforthephonetoreachthesamenumber，and13yearsforthetelevision.Incontrast，ittookFacebook3.6years.”由此可知，B项(Twitteronlyneeded88days.推特只需要88天。)与之匹配。]13．F　[根据上句：他们的大脑似乎有非凡的能力去适应周围的世界。以及下文的“enablingteenagerstokeepupwiththeincreasingpaceofdigitaltechnology”可知，此处说的是青少年的大脑可以适应新技术。故答案为F。]14．G　[根据上句：在美国，青少年平均每天花8.5小时在电脑、手机和其他设备上学习、互动和玩耍。G项指出，如果你把所有的多任务处理都包括在内，这就增加到11.5小时，承接上句。]15．D　[根据下文：视频网站表示，全世界的青少年都在观看同样的片段，并因为同一个笑n话而哈哈大笑，这表明他们比过去的青少年更具有全球意识。可知，数字趋势的增长是有优势的。故选D。]16．A　[根据下句：到30岁时，我们的大脑将会变得僵化，让我们更难适应和应对新技术。可知此空的意思是：适应新技术也不是无限制的，有一个截止。此空位于句首，和上文内容是一个转折关系。故选A。]