2020版高考英语复习组合练第14练阅读理解完型填空语法填空短文改错练习 9页

第14练阅读理解完型填空语法填空短文改错Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018·山西三区八校二模)Ithasbecomeacertainbeliefamongthepublic—drinkatleasteightglassesofwateradaytoimprovehealthandwellbeing.Bottledwatercompaniesoftenrepeatittoincreasetheirsalesbutitisactuallyasillyidea.Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday，scientistssay.Themisunderstandingiscausedfromthesuggestionthatadultsshoulddrink2.5litersofwaterdaily，whichwasstressedbytheBritishMedicalJournalinDecember.Theimportantpartofthesuggestionisthatmostofthisquantityofwateriscontainedinpreparedfoods，which，however，isusuallyignored.USresearcherswhoreviewedtheevidenceconcludedthatmostpeopledonotneedtoworryabouttheamountofwatertheydrinkeveryday.Besidesdrinkingwater，theywillbegettingplentyofliquidinotherways.Caffeinateddrinkssuchastea，coffeeandcolaandalcoholcanhelpreachthedailytotaliftheydon’tdrinktoomuch，thoughthesedrinkshelptheproductionofurine(尿)．Lesswellknownarethedangersofdrinkingtoomuchwater，causingwaterpoisoning，lowsaltlevelsandevendeath.ThereviewofresearchbyDanNegoianu，fromtheUniversityofPennsylvania，foundthatnotasinglestudyincludedthesuggestionofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.Althoughonesmallstudysuggestedthatdrinkingwatercouldresultinfewerheadaches，theresultswerenotveryimportant.However，thebenefitsofdrinkingsomewatertopreventapaininheadafterdrinkingtoomuchalcoholare，separately，provedtobetrue.Nostudiesshowedanyadvantagestothecoloroftheskinbecauseoftheincreasedwatertakenintobodies.Dehydration(脱水)canmakeskinlesspleasant，buttherewasnoclearevidencetosupporttheideathatwaterhelpspeoplekeepayouthfulappearance.Theresearchersalsofoundnoevidencethatdrinkinglotsofwaterdoessomegoodtothebody’sorgans.n1．Fromthepassage，weknowthatthesuggestionaboutdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.A．causessomeseriousdiseasesB．hasenoughscientificevidencetosupportitC．ismisunderstoodbypeopleinfactD．waspublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal2．Fromthepassagewelearnthatmanypeopledon’tknowthat.A．theproductionofurinecancausewatertoloseB．healthcanbeimprovedbydrinkingplentyofwaterC．betterskincanresultfromtheintakeofmuchwaterD．caffeinateddrinkscanprovidethewaterpeopleneed3．Whatcanbeprovedaboutdrinkingalotofwateraccordingtothepassage?A．Reducingthebadinfluenceofdrinkingalcohol.B．Helpingtokeepyouthfullooks.C．Makingthebody’sorgansstronger.D．Causingbadheadaches.4．Thewriter’smainpurposeofwritingthispassageisto.A．persuadepeopletodrinkdifferentkindsofwaterB．tellpeopledrinkingmuchwaterisnotashealthyasisconsideredC．warnpeopleofthedangerofdrinkingmuchwaterD．helppeoplerealizetheimportanceofdrinkingenoughwatereverydayⅡ.完形填空(2018·江西新余二模)Overtheyears，thankstomylife’sobstacles，Iunderstoodthemeaningoffaithandthestrongwilltosurvive.ItwasHurricaneIkethatmademefully5thebeautyofourstrengthandahuman’smotivationto6.Momhadatwoweek7insummer.WhileweenjoyedourholidayinSoutheastTexas，wedidn’trealizethefactthatIke8causemonthsandlikelyyearsof“labor”．BySeptember7th，the“eyesofTexas”werewatchingHurricaneIkemore9，makingthetypicalmadrushforlastminutehurricane10.Twodayslater，bothoilandicewerein11demand.nIntheearlyhoursofSeptember11th，someneighborswereplanningto12thestormintheirhomes，13othersweremakingfinalpreparationstogetaway.Atfirst，wedecidedtostay.Butthatafternoon，theHoustonGalvestonareawouldbeonthemore14sideofthestorm.MomandIpackedsomeofourmost15belongingsinthecarand16theEastTexastownofLufkin.AsIkepushedfartherinland，we17powerinLufkin.OnSunday，ournextdoorneighbortoldusviacellphonethatour18hadremainedwell.Ourhopescouldnothavebeen19.Butafewhourslater，theneighborsreportedthatourbrickchimneyhad20，anditwassittingonourlivingroom，21aholeintheroofbetweentwoskylights(天窗)．Wewouldn’tbeallowedtoreturnhome22September17th.Iclimbedupstairs，andlookedtowardtheholeintheroofwhichshowedabeautifulbluesky.Withouthesitation，Ishouted，“Wow!Athirdskylight！”MyneighborscouldnotbelieveIwasmakingjokes23crying，but24isalwaysgoodmedicine.ItwaswiththatjokethatIknew，giventime，everythingwouldbeokay.5．A.observeB．exploreC．appreciateD．improve6．A.recoverB．apologizeC．workD．change7．A.meetingB．journeyC．scheduleD．vacation8．A.mustB．mightC．wouldD．should9．A.closelyB．constantlyC．warninglyD．differently10．A.adventureB．suppliesC．equipmentD．reports11．A.basicB．pureC．neatD．high12．A.putawayB．getthroughC．testoutD．sufferfrom13．A.sinceB．whenC．whileD．untiln14．A.awesomeB．abundantC．peacefulD．dangerous15．A.preciousB．concreteC．availableD．potential16．A.setoutB．headedforC．settleddownD．watchedout17．A.lostB．reducedC．producedD．provided18．A.gardenB．poolC．houseD．yard19．A.clearerB．higherC．lowerD．wilder20．A.passedB．stoodC．followedD．gone21．A.diggingB．fillingC．leavingD．kicking22．A.byB．beforeC．afterD．until23．A.inspiteofB．insteadofC．apartfromD．intermsof24．A.laughterB．willC．strengthD．faithⅢ.语法填空Doyouknow25.astorygetsintothenewspaper？Hereisanexample.Imaginethatacitybushasturnedoverinaditch，injuringsomeofthepassengers.Aneyewitnesscallsthenewspaper.Thenareporterissenttothescene，at26.hetalkstopassengers，driverandwitnesses.Hefindsoutwhattheysaw,27.(set)downtheiranswersorcomments.Meanwhile，a28.(profession)photographerisbusytakingpictures.Manyreportersuseportablecomputerswhichallowthem29.(write)thestoryonthespotandthensenditbacktotheoffice.Next，aneditorconcentrates30.thestory，checkingfacts，grammarandspelling.Atthesametime，apictureischosen.Thestoryissetinprint.Onmostnewspaperstoday，this31.(do)nwithacomputer.Thecomputermakessetsofcolumnsoftype，whicharepassedontoasheetofpaper32.(exact)thesamesizeasanewspaperpage.Onlyafteraproofreaderchecksthestoryformistakes33.(be)thenewspaperreadyforprinting.Thenthepresses(印刷机)begintorun.Milesofpaperareturnedintothousandsof34.(print)newspapers.Theyarecountedandplacedinwaitingtrucks.Withinafewhours，peoplecanreadaboutthebusaccidentintheirdailynewspaper.Ⅳ.短文改错(2018·四川南充一诊)Theenvironmentpollutionwasmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown，someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.People’shealthhasbeengreataffectedbyair，noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasescausingbypollution.Inordertolivethebetterlife，it’stimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle，reduceandreusethings，whatsavesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingssolongaspossible.Don’tuseplasticbag.Besides，wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingitdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.n答案解析Ⅰ.语篇解读　本文介绍了一项新的研究结果：人们“每天喝八杯水来保持健康”是一种误导性的认识，没有证据表明“每天喝八杯水”有什么好处，相反饮水过多会导致水中毒、低盐甚至死亡。1．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday，scientistssay.”科学家说没有证据来证明“每天喝八杯水”的好处，可知选C。]2．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Besidesdrinkingwater，theywillbegettingplentyofliquidinotherways.Caffeinateddrinkssuchastea，coffeeandcolaandalcoholcanhelpreachthedailytotal...”除了喝水，他们还能用很多其他方式得到大量的液体，诸如茶、咖啡、可乐及酒等含咖啡因的饮料能帮助人们达到日常所需的总量……可知选D。]3．A　[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“However，thebenefitsofdrinkingsomewatertopreventapaininheadafterdrinkingtoomuchalcoholare，separately，provedtobetrue.”可知，饮酒过多之后喝一些水可以防止头疼却被证明是真的。故答案为A。]4．B　[主旨大意题。本文在第一段点出主题：“Bottledwatercompaniesoftenrepeatittoincreasetheirsalesbutitisactuallyasillyidea.Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday，scientistssay.”，下文进行了具体的介绍。故选B。]Ⅱ.语篇解读　作者通过讲述飓风Ike来临前人们的准备和飓风走后的情况，告诉读者笑是一剂良药。给点儿时间，一切都会变好的。5．C　[从上文的“Overtheyears，thankstomylife’sobstacles(障碍)”，可知，是飓风Ike让我充分领略了我们的力量之美和人类恢复的动力。observe观察；explore探索；appreciate欣赏，感激；improve提高。故选C。]6．A　[飓风之后，人们会尽量恢复。recover恢复；apologize道歉；work工作；change改变。故选A。]7．D　[根据下句“Whileweenjoyedourholiday”可知，夏天妈妈有两个星期的假期。meeting会议；journey旅行；schedule时刻表；vacation假期。故选D。]8．C　[我们在德克萨斯东南部度假的时候，我们没有意识到Ike将会导致几个月可能几年的n劳动。must必须；might可能；would将会；should应该。故选C。]9．A　[“eyesofTexas”更密切地观察飓风Ike。closely密切地；constantly连续地；warningly警告地；differently不同地。故选A。]10．B　[从下一句中的“Twodayslater，bothoilandicewereindemand.”可知，人们为抵御飓风在做典型的最后一分钟疯狂购买供应品。adventure冒险；supply供给；equipment设备；report报告。故选B。]11．D　[根据上一句中的关键词madrushfor可知人们的购买程度。所以两天后，油和冰都需求量很高。basic基本的；pure纯的；neat整洁的；high高的。故选D。]12．B　[根据题后的“thestormintheirhomes”可知，一些邻居计划在家里度过风暴。putaway收好，储存；getthrough接通，度过；testout检验；sufferfrom遭受。故选B。]13．C　[根据上文中的someneighbors和该空后的others可知，此处是两种人的不同做法。since自从；when当……时候；while然而；until直到。然而，其他的人在做最后的准备离开，这里表示对比，故选C。]14．D　[根据上文的“Atfirst，wedecidedtostay.”以及表示转折意义的but可知HoustonGalveston地区将处于风暴的更危险的地带。awesome可怕的；abundant大量的；peaceful宁静的；dangerous危险的。故选D。]15．A　[根据常识可知：危难关头肯定只带贵重物品，所以，妈妈和我收拾了一些最重要的物品。precious珍贵的；concrete具体的；available可获得的；potential有潜力的。故选A。]16．B　[句意为：前往德克萨斯州东边的Lufkin小镇。setout出发；headfor前往；settledown定居下来；watchout当心。故选B。]17．A　[lose失去；reduce减少；produce制作；provide提供。随着Ike深入内陆，我们在Lufkin时停电了，故选A。]18．C　[garden花园；pool水池；house房子；yard院子。星期天，我们的隔壁邻居通过电话告诉我们，我们的房子还在。故选C。]19．B　[clearer更清楚；higher更高的；lower更低的；wilder更野蛮的。我们不会期望更高了，故选B。]20．D　[pass通过；stand站；follow跟随；go消失。几小时后，邻居通知我们的烟囱没有了，故选D。]21．C　[dig挖；fill填满；leave离开，遗留；kick踢。在两个天窗之间留了一个洞，故选C。]22．D　[by通过；before在……前面；after在……后面；until直到。我们到9月17号才被允许回家。故选D。]23．B　[inspiteof虽然；insteadof代替，而不是；apartfrom除了；intermsnof依据，就……而言。我的邻居简单不敢相信我是在开玩笑而不是在哭。故选B。]24．A　[laughter笑声；will意志；strength力量；faith信念。从上文作者的玩笑可知，面对灾难作者没有哭泣而是笑对人生。故选A。]Ⅲ.语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了发生在现实生活中的事情是怎样经过一步步的程序，最终刊登在报纸上的。25．how　[考查宾语从句的引导词。句意为：你知道新闻是怎样刊登在报纸上的吗？分析句子结构可知，动词know后面的从句是宾语从句；从句中主谓宾俱全，但是根据句意和下文故事见报的过程可知，该句缺少方式状语，表示“怎样”应用how。故填how。]26．which　[考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处是“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词thescene。关系代词在从句中作宾语。故填which。]27．setting　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词findsout，因此此处为非谓语动词；又因动词短语setdown与其逻辑主语he之间是主谓关系，且其动作发生的时间与句子谓语findsout发生的时间几乎同时，因此用现在分词的一般式作状语。故填setting。]28．professional　[考查词性转换。此处修饰名词photographer，需用形容词。故填professional。]29．towrite　[考查非谓语动词。allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事，是固定用法。故填towrite。]30．on　[考查介词。concentrateon专心于，集中精力在，是固定搭配。故填on。]31．isdone　[考查动词的时态、语态及主谓一致。此处叙述报纸的印刷过程，应用一般现在时；又因动词do和主语this之间是动宾关系，因此需用被动语态；再由于this是单数第三人称，所以be动词应用is。故填isdone。]32．exactly　[考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，所填词在句中作状语，应用副词形式。故填exactly。]33．is　[考查动词时态及主谓一致。“Only＋状语”位于句首时，句子需用部分倒装；由此可知，所填词为句子的谓语。根据“checks”可知，此处需用一般现在时，且主语thenewspaper为单数第三人称。故填is。]34．printed　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰newspapers；又因print与newspapers之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此需用过去分词。故填printed。]Ⅳ.nTheenvironmentpollutionmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown，someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.People’shealthhasbeenaffectedbyair，noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasesbypollution.Inordertolivebetterlife，it’stimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle，reduceandreusethings，savesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingslongaspossible.Don’tuseplastic.Besides，wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.