2020版高考英语总复习unit2cloning课时作业选修8 6页

Unit2CloningⅠ.阅读理解AEverypetownerloveshispet.Thereisnoargumenthere.Butwhenweaskedourreaderswhethertheywouldclonetheirbelovedanimals,theresponsesweresplitalmostdownthemiddle.Ofthe228readerswhoansweredit,108wouldclone,111wouldnotandnineweighedeachsidewithoutofferinganopinion.Clearly,fromreaders?response,thisisanissuethatreachesdeeplyintoboththejoyandeventualsadnessofowningapet.Itspeaks,aswell,topeople?swidelydifferingexpectationsoverthedevelopingscientificprocedure.Mostoftherespondentswhofavouredtheideastronglybelieveditwouldproduceatleastaclosecopyoftheoriginal;manyfelttheprocesswouldactuallyreturnanexactcopy.Thoseontheotherside,however,heldlittlehopethataclonecouldnevertrulyrecreateapet,andmanysimplydidn?twishtogoagainstthenaturallawoflifeanddeath.Bothsidesexpressedequallovefortheiranimals.Morethanafewrespondentsowned“thedog/catintheworld”.Theythoughtoftheirpetsastheir“bestfriend”,“amemberofthefamily”,“thelightofmylife”.Theytoldmovingstoriesofpets?heroism,intelligenceandselflessdevotion.Littlewonderedthelossissodisturbing,andthecloningissoattractive.“Peoplebecomeveryclosetotheiranimals,andthelosscanbejustashardtobearaswhenafriendorfamilymemberdies,”saysGaryKowalski,authorofGoodbye,Friend:healingwisdomforanyonewhohaseverlostapet.“Forme,cloningfeelslikeanattempttoturndeathaway…It?sunderstandable.Deathisalwayspainful.It?sdifficulttodealwith.It?shardtoaccept.”Butwouldcloningreducetheblow?Thisquestionseemedtobeattheheartofthisproblem.1.Sofarasthecloningofpetsisconcerned,arecentsurveyshowsthat,ofallpetowners,　　　　. A.alotmoreofthemareforitB.alotmoreofthemareagainstitC.veryfewofthemarewillingtotelltheiropinionsD.abouthalfofthemareforitandtheotherhalfagainstit2.Whiletalkingabouttheresponsesfromthereaders,theexpression“eventualsadnessofowningapet”refersto　　　　. A.thetroublesonehastodealwithinkeepingapetB.thehighcostofowningapetC.thedeathofone?spetD.thedangersinvolvedinthecloningofapet3.FromwhatGaryKowalskisays,wecanknowthathe　　　　. A.hasneverthoughtabouttheproblemofcloningB.isinfavouroftheideaofcloningpetsC.isgoingtowriteanotherbookonpetsnD.isallagainstthecloningofpets4.Whatisthekeyquestionattheheartoftheproblemofcloningpets?A.Cancloningmakethepainonesufferslesswhenapetdies?B.Canpetownersaffordthecostofcloning?C.Doescloninggoagainstthelawofnature?D.Howreliablydoescloningproduceanexactcopyofone?spet?BChinesescientistsrecentlyhaveproducedtwomonkeyswiththesamegene,ZhongZhongandHuaHua,usingthesametechniquethatgaveusDollythesheep.Thesemonkeysarenotactuallythefirstprimates(灵长类)tobecloned.AnotheronenamedTetrawasproducedinthelate1990sbyembryo(胚胎)splitting,thedivisionofanearly-stageembryointotwoorfourseparatecellstomakeclones.Bycontrast,theywereeachmadebyreplacinganeggcellnucleus(原子核)withDNAfromadifferentiatedbodycell.ThisDollymethod,knownassomaticcellnucleartransfer(SCNT),cancreatemoreclonesandallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheeditstheymaketotheDNA.Successcamefromadoptingseveralnewtechniques.Theseincludedanewtypeofmicroscopytobetterviewthecellsduringhandlingorusingseveralmaterialsthatencouragecellreprogramming,whichhadn?tbeentriedbeforeonprimates.Still,theresearchprocessproveddifficult,andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed.Justtwohealthybabymonkeyswerebornfrommorethan60testedmothers.Thisleadstomanyresearchers?pouringwaterontheideathattheteam?sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghumans.Theythoughtthisworkisnotasteppingstonetoestablishingmethodsforobtaininglivebornhumanclones.Instead,thisclearlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt.Itwouldbefartooinefficient,fartoounsafe,anditisalsopointless. Butthescientistsinvolvedemphasizethatthisisnottheirgoal.Thereisnownobarrierforcloningprimatespecies,thuscloninghumansisclosertoreality.However,theirresearchpurposeisentirelyforproducingnon-humanprimatemodelsforhumandiseases;theyabsolutelyhavenointention,andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeextendedtohumans.Despitelimitations,theytreatthisbreakthroughasanovelmodelsystemforscientistsstudyinghumanbiologyanddisease.5.WhatdoweknowaboutthetechnologycalledSCNT?A.Itcreatedthefirsttwoprimates.B.ItmaycontributetoeditingtheDNA.C.Itcandivideanearly-stageembryointoseveralcells.D.Itproducedtwoclonedmonkeyswithdifferentgenes.6.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“pouringwaterontheidea”inParagraph2?A.Keepingahottopicofit.B.Havingalowopinionofit.C.Attachingnoimportancetoit.D.Addingsupportiveevidencetoit.7.Whatisthescientists?purposetoclonethesemonkeys?A.Tohelpwiththestudyofhumandiseases.B.Toserveasasteppingstonetotheirreputation.nC.Topreparefortheirresearchonhumancloning.D.Toraisemoneyforholdinganexhibitionofnovels.8.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Newtechniquesseemtobepointless.B.Cloninghumansisalreadyonitsway.C.Societywon?tagreetocloneanothermonkey.D.Thesuccessrateofcloningamonkeywasnothigh.Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theworld-knownSilkRoadacrosstheEurasianContinentisafriendshipbridge1.　　　　(link)theEuropeanandAsianpeople.Itisoneofthemostimportantthemetouristroutesintheworldandthemost2.　　　　(value)touristproductsinChina.FromthetimeZhangQian3.　　　　(open)uptheworld-famousSilkRoadduringtheHanDynasty,untilthecollapseoftheYuanDynasty,itenjoyed4.　　　　historyofabout1,600years. SilkRoadwith5.　　　　(it)2,000years?historyhaswitnessedthehistoricalchangesandtheprogressofcultural6.　　　　(exchange)betweenChinaandtheWesterncountries.ThesectioninChina,manyethniccultures7.　　　　(include),isalsoasajadebelt.ThepeopleoftheseethnicgroupssuchasMongolians,Huis,Uygurs,Hazakshavemaintainedtheiruniquetraditionsandcultures,livinghabitsandreligiousbeliefs,8.　　　　formthesouloftheSilkRoadandattractmanytouriststovisit.Infact,9.　　　　theSilkRoadinthenorth-westofChina,thereareanothertwotraderoadsinthesouth-westofChinaandbysea,whichalsocontribute10.　　　　(great)tothedevelopmentoftheworld.Theyarecalledthe“SouthernSilkRoad”andthe“SilkRoadontheSea”. Ⅲ.短文改错DearJoy,Howareyoudoing?Hereisanexcitingnewsforyou.Therewillbeaninventioncompetitioninourschoolinthe20thofOctober.However,thereisaruletheparticipantsshallbeinagroup.ButI?dliketoinviteyoutobemypartners.Iknowthatyouhavebeenlongedtodesignatinycoolerthatpeoplecanweararoundthewrist.Ithinkitwillbeawonderfullyideaforthecompetition.Wecanmakeasmallairconditionerntocontrollingthetemperatureofthewearer.Howdoyouthinkofmysuggestion?Lookingforwardtoyoureply.Yours,ZhangXin课时作业(三十七)Ⅰ.A【文章大意】本文一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了是否要克隆已逝的心爱的宠物的话题。1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Ofthe228readerswhoansweredit,108wouldclone,111wouldnotandnineweighedeachsidewithoutofferinganopinion.”可知,对于克隆宠物的问题,研究表明,宠物拥有者中,反对者和赞成者大概各占一半,故选D。2.C　推理判断题。根据对第三段和全文的整体理解可推知,这种终级痛苦是指心爱的宠物的死亡,故选C。3.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“‘Forme,cloningfeelslikeanattempttoturndeathaway…It?sunderstandable.Deathisalwayspainful.It?sdifficulttodealwith.It?shardtoaccept.’”可推知,GaryKowalski是支持克隆宠物的,故选B。4.A　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Butwouldcloningreducetheblow?”可知,问题的核心是克隆宠物这种做法是否会让失去宠物的人减少一些痛苦,故选A。blow打击。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。被称作SCNT的高科技有助于编辑DNA。本文中科学家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。5.B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“ThisDollymethod,knownassomaticcellnucleartransfer(SCNT),cancreatemoreclonesandallowsresearchersgreatercontrolovertheeditstheymaketotheDNA.”可知,SCNT有助于编辑DNA。故选B项。6.B　句意理解题。根据第二段中“Still,theresearchprocessproveddifficult,andmanyattemptsbytheteamfailed.Justtwohealthybabymonkeyswerebornfrommorethan60testedmothers.Thisleadstomanyresearchers?pouringwaterontheideathattheteam?sresultsbringscientistsclosertocloninghumans.”可知在第二段中pouringwaterontheidea的意思是“对它的评价很低”。故选B项。7.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However,theirresearchpurposeisentirelyforproducingnon-humanprimatemodelsforhumandiseases;theyabsolutelyhavenointention,andsocietywillnotpermitthisworktobeextendedtohumans.”可知,科学家们克隆这些猴子的目的是帮助研究人类疾病。故选A项。8.D　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段最后三句“Theythoughtthisworkisnotasteppingstonetoestablishingmethodsforobtaininglivebornhumanclones.Instead,thisclearlyremainsaveryfoolishthingtoattempt.Itwouldbefartooinefficient,fartoounsafe,anditisalsopointless.”和最后一段最后一句“Despitelimitations,theytreatthisbreakthroughasanovelmodelsystemforscientistssntudyinghumanbiologyanddisease.”可知,克隆一只猴子的成功率并不高。故选D项。Ⅱ.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界著名的丝绸之路的历史和它的重要作用。文章还提到了另外两条极大地促进了世界发展的贸易之路:南方丝绸之路和海上丝绸之路。1.linking　考查非谓语动词。此句是非谓语动词作定语修饰bridge,由于bridge与link之间是主动关系,故填现在分词linking。2.valuable　考查形容词。修饰名词用形容词形式。value是动词,其形容词形式为valuable。3.opened　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语duringtheHanDynasty可知,句子使用一般过去时,且主语ZhangQian与谓语open之间是主动关系。故填opened。4.a　考查冠词。句意:它享有大约1600多年的历史。ahistoryof表示“……的历史”。5.its　考查代词。句意:拥有2000多年历史的丝绸之路见证了历史的变迁和中国与西方国家文化交流的进步。此处指“丝绸之路的历史”,作定语,故用形容词性物主代词its。6.exchanges　考查名词复数。exchange是可数名词,此处指中国和其他国家之间的文化交流,故用复数名词exchanges。7.included　考查非谓语动词。此句是非谓语动词作定语修饰manyethniccultures,逻辑主语cultures与include之间是被动关系,故用过去分词included。8.which　考查非限制性定语从句。此句是非限制性定语从句,从句缺少主语,先行词theiruniquetraditionsandcultures,livinghabitsandreligiousbeliefs指物,故用which引导定语从句。9.besides　考查介词。句意:实际上,除了中国西北的丝绸之路,在中国的西南有另外两条贸易路线……。besides表示“除……之外(还有……)”,符合语境。10.greatly　考查副词。修饰谓语动词contribute用副词作状语。great是形容词,其副词形式是greatly。Ⅲ.DearJoy,Howareyoudoing?Hereisanexcitingnewsforyou.Therewillbeaninventioncompetitioninourschoolinthe on20thofOctober.However,thereisarule∧thattheparticipantsshallbeinagroup.ButI?dliketoinviteyoutobemy Sopartners. partnerIknowthatyouhavebeenlongedtodesignatinycoolerthatpeoplecanweararoundthewrist.Ithinkitwillbea longingwonderfullyideaforthecompetition.Wecanmakeasmallairconditionertocontrollingthetemperatureofthewearer. wonderful controlHowdoyouthinkofmysuggestion?Lookingforwardtoyoureply.n What yourYours,ZhangXin