（全国版）2020届高考英语一轮复习精练unit4课下语篇提能练（含解析）新人教版 7页

必修一Unit4课下语篇提能练Ⅰ.阅读理解InChina,the“kingdomofbicycles”，peoplewenteverywherebybicycle.However,nowasaresultofindustrialization,from1995to2005,thenumberofbikesdeclinedby35%inChinesecities,whilecarsandothermotorvehiclesdoubled.Thishasleftairpollutedandroadscrowded.InChina,pollutantlevelshaverisenalongsideurbanpopulationgrowth.Todealwiththisissue,Chinesecitieshaveinvested(投资)increasinglyinpublictransportsystemslikebikesharing.BikesharingsystemshavegrownextremelyinChinainthepastdecade.ThefirstmajormodelsstartedinEuropeancitiesAmsterdamandCopenhagenin1968and1995andofferedaservicethroughwhichcitygoerscouldeasilyborrowbikestotravelaroundthecity.Sincethen,bikesharingsystemshavegrownrapidly.Chinanowhasthebiggestandlargestnumberofbikesharingprograms.OneofthelargestprogramsistheHangzhouPublicBicycleService.Thesystemisstraightforward—pickupabikefromanystationandyoucanrideforfreeinthefirsthour.Needanotherhour?Pay1Chineseyuanforasecondhour.Givenitseaseandcheapness,it'snosurprisethatanaverageof310,000peopleusethesystemeveryday.However,theadoptionofbikesharingwasn'teasyatthebeginning.Afterthe2008OlympicGames,Beijingstruggledinmaintainingitsbikesharingprograms,asbikesharingcompaniessufferedheavyfinancial(财政的)lossesduetolittlegovernmentsupportandlittledemand.Shanghaisimilarlystruggledin2014,withcitizenschoosingtotaketaxisortobuytheirownbikes.Thenthingsstartedtolookup.Andnowmorebikesharingprograms,likeMobikeandOfo,aredevelopingquickly.RegardlessofhowbikesharingsystemschangeinChina,it'sevidentthatthey'vemadetheirmarkonChina'stransportsystems,onthewaytomakingthecountryreturntothe“kingdomofbicycles”andhopefullyregaincleanair.1．WhatcontributedtothebirthofbikesharingprogramsinChina?nA．Risingpollutantlevels.B．Thepopulationgrowth.C．Thetraditionofridingbicycles.D．People'sincreasinginterestincycling.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Todealwiththisissue,Chinesecitieshaveinvested(投资)increasinglyinpublictransportsystemslikebikesharing.”可知，thisissue应指第一段所提到的“However,nowasaresultofindustrialization...whilecarsandothermotorvehiclesdoubled.Thishasleftairpollutedandroadscrowded.”，所以说是机动车的增加导致的城市环境污染催生了中国的共享单车项目。2．WhatcanwelearnaboutbikesharingfromParagraph2?A．Itservesasthemostconvenienttransportsystem.B．ItisacommonmeansoftransportinEurope.C．ItenjoyspopularityinmostChinesecities.D．Ithasahistoryofabouthalfacentury.解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段的“ThefirstmajormodelsstartedinEuropeancitiesAmsterdamandCopenhagenin1968and1995...”可知，共享单车已经有半世纪的历史，故选D项。3．WhatmadeShanghaihavetroublekeepingitsbikesharingprogramsatfirst?A．Littledemand.B．Toomanytaxis.C．Alackofmoney.D．Nogovernmentsupport.解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Shanghaisimilarlystruggledin2014,withcitizenschoosingtotaketaxisortobuytheirownbikes.”可知，市场需求少是造成上海最初发展困难的因素。4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Bikes:anecofriendlymeansoftransportB．ThebenefitsofbikesharingC．ThekingdomofbicyclesD．BikesharinginChina解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了共享单车在中国的发展过程，故D项为最佳标题。Ⅱ.完形填空Menandwomenmayhavedifferentexperiencesinshoppingforclothes.Amangoesshoppingbecauseheneedssomething.Hispurposeissettledandndecidedin__1__.Heknowswhathewants,andhis__2__istofinditandbuyit.Allmen__3__walkintoashopandasktheshopassistantforwhattheywant.Iftheshophasitinstock(库存),thedealcanbedoneand__4__iscompletedinlessthanfiveminutes,withhardlyanychattoeveryone's__5__.Foraman,slightproblemsmaybeginwhentheshopdoesnothavewhathewants.Inthat__6__，thesalesmantriestosellthecustomersomethingelse—he__7__thenearesttothearticlerequired.Agoodsalesmanbringsoutsuchasubstitute(替代品)__8__；hemaysay,“Iknowthisjacketisnotthestyleyouwant,sir,butwouldyouliketotryitforsize?It__9__tobethecoloryoumentioned.”Fewmenhave__10__withthistreatment,andtheusualansweris：“Thisistherightcolorandmaybetherightsize,butIshouldn'tbe__11__mytimeandyoursbytryingiton.”Forawoman,buyingclothesisalwaysdoneinthe__12__way.Hershoppingisnotoften__13__onneed.Shehasneverfullydecidedwhatshewants,andsheisonly“havingalookaround”.Sheisalways__14__topersuasion,willingtotryonanynumberofthings.Deepinhermindisthethoughtoffindingsomethingthat__15__thinkssuitsher.Mostwomenhaveanexcellentsenseofvalueandarealwaysonthelookoutfortheunexpected__16__.Facedwitharoomfulofdresses,awomanmayeasilyspendanhourgoingfromonerailtoanother__17__selectingthedressshewantsto__18__.Itisatiresomeprocess，butclearlya(n)__19__one.Mostdressshopsprovidechairsforthewaiting__20__.1．A.detail　　　　　　　　　B．hurryC．advanceD．mind解析：选C　根据下句“Heknowswhathewants”可知男人购物时，他们要买的东西预先(inadvance)就决定好了。2．A.adviceB．goalC．demandD．question解析：选B　既然他知道他想要什么，因此他的目标(goal)就是发现它并购买。3．A.quicklyB．immediatelyC．soonD．simply解析：选D　所有的男士只是(simply)走进商店向售货员要求他们想要的东西。4．A.oftenB．constantlyC．normallyD．finallyn解析：选A　如果商店有现货就可以进行交易，交易过程常常(often)在不到5分钟之内就可完成，几乎没有闲聊且皆大欢喜(toeveryone'ssatisfaction)。5．A.confidenceB．amusementC．satisfactionD．surprise解析：选C　参见上题解析。6．A.timeB．eventC．situationD．case解析：选D　如果那样的话(inthatcase)，售货员就会竭尽全力卖给顾客其他东西——售货员会把离这位男顾客想要的东西最近的那件提供(offers)给他。7．A.givesB．offersC．presentsD．delivers解析：选B　参见上题解析。8．A.skillfullyB．attentivelyC．activelyD．carefully解析：选A　好的售货员会巧妙地(skillfully)拿出这样的替代品。9．A.occursB．happensC．comesD．takes解析：选B　先生，我知道这件夹克不是你想要的款式，但是你能试一试这件看看尺码合适吗？那碰巧(happens)是你提到的那种颜色。10．A.patienceB．interestC．expectationD．experience解析：选A　根据上文男士购物特点的介绍可知，很少的男士会对这种服务有耐心(patience)。11．A.losingB．spendingC．givingD．wasting解析：选D　这件的颜色和大小可能都合适，但我不应该通过试穿它来浪费(wasting)你我的时间。12．A.sameB．cleverC．oppositeD．similar解析：选C　根据文章第一段可知，男女在购买衣服方面有不同的体验。所以对于女士来说，她们总是以与男士相反的(opposite)方式购买衣服。13．A.reliedB．basedC．doneD．related解析：选B　女士购物经常不是基于需要。bebasedon“基于……”；bereliednon“被依赖”。14．A.openB．readyC．closeD．happy解析：选A　根据后半句中的“willingtotryonanynumberofthings”可知，女士总是乐于接受(beopento)劝导。15．A.nobodyB．somebodyC．everybodyD．anybody解析：选C　在女性购物者内心深处是想找到每个人(everyone)都认为适合她的东西。16．A.dealB．surpriseC．luckD．bargain解析：选D　根据上文(大多数女性都有超高的价值意识)可推知，女性购物者总是对意外的便宜货(bargain)很留意。17．A.afterB．asC．beforeD．by解析：选C　面对满屋子的衣服，女性购物者可能会很容易花一个小时从一个服装架走到另一个服装架才(before)会选中自己想要试穿(tryon)的衣服。18．A.tryonB．tryoutC．tryupD．tryfor解析：选A　参见上题解析。19．A.tiringB．enjoyableC．boringD．graceful解析：选B　这个过程很烦人，但对女性购物者来说显然是一种令她们很愉悦的(enjoyable)过程。20．A.customersB．assistantsC．wivesD．husbands解析：选D　男士不愿意购物，因此大多数服装店总是给等待女士购物的丈夫们提供椅子。Ⅲ.语法填空(2019·合肥第三次质检)ThecheongsamisafemaledresswithdistinctiveChinesefeaturesandenjoysgrowing__1__(popular)intheinternationalworldofhighfashion.Thename“cheongsam”__2__(mean)simply“longdress”enteredtheEnglishvocabularyfromthedialectofChina'sGuangdongProvince.InotherpartsofthecountryincludingBeijing,however,it__3__(know)as“qipao”，whichhasahistorybehindit.nAftertheearlyManchu(满族的)rulerscametoChina,theManchuwomenwore__4__(normal)aonepiecedresswhichcametobecalled“qipao”.__5__the1911RevolutionendedtheruleoftheQingDynasty,thefemaledresssurvivedthepoliticalchangeand,withlaterimprovements,hasbecomethetraditionaldressforChinesewomen.Thecheongsam,__6__neckishigh,collarclosed,fitswelltheChinesefemalefigure,anditssleevesmaybeeithershort,mediumorfull__7__(long),dependingonseasonsortastes.Inaddition,itisnottoocomplicated__8__(make).Nor__9__itneedtoomuchmaterial.Anotherbeautyofthecheongsamisthatitcanbeworneither__10__casualorformaloccasions.Ineithercase,itcreatesanimpressionofsimpleandquietcharm,eleganceandneatness.1．popularity　考查名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作enjoys的宾语，故填popularity，且popularity为不可数名词。2．meaning　考查非谓语动词。空处和句子谓语entered之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词。因为空处和句子主语Thename之间构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。3．isknown　考查动词时态和语态。此处是对客观情况的一般性描述，应用一般现在时；it与know之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。4．normally　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词normally修饰动词wore，在句子中作状语。5．Although/Though/While　考查连词。根据语境可知，上下句之间表示逻辑上的让步关系，故用连词Although/Though/While引导让步状语从句。6．whose　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作定语，应用whose。7．length　考查名词。由空前的形容词full可知，空处应用名词length。8．tomake　考查固定用法。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定用法：too...todosth.意为“太……而不能做某事”。9．does　考查倒装句。否定副词放句首，句子要部分倒装，即助动词放在主语之前；由本段的时态可知，应用一般现在时，故填does。10．on　考查介词。on...occasion意为“在……场合下”，为固定搭配，故用介词on。Ⅳ.短文改错LastSundayevening,mymomandIwasenjoyingadinneratarestaurantwhileagirlatthenexttablereceivedacall.Shespokeinaveryloudlyvoice.Thenwenlearnthatshewasangrywithhersisterforusinghernewcameraonsecret.Herconversationlastedtenminute,whichmadeothercustomersreallyuncomfortable.Wewerelookingforwardtoarelaxingevening,agooddinnerandquietconversationsinsteadoflistentootherpeople'spersonalproblems.SoIthinkthereisanythingtherestaurantcando.Whynottofollowtheexampleofotherrestaurantsinthecitybyputtingupnoticetellingpeoplenottotalkloudly?答案：第一句：was→were;while→when第二句：loudly→loud第三句：learn→learned;on→in第四句：minute→minutes第五句：listen→listening第六句：anything→something第七句：去掉第一个to;notice前加a