2020版高考英语总复习unit4bodylanguage课时作业必修4 5页

Unit4BodylanguageⅠ.阅读理解AInaforeigncountry,amanvisitedalocalrestaurant.Hedidn?tspeaktheirlanguage.Heorderedsomethingindecipherable(难懂的)onthemenu.Whenthewaiterbroughthimaplateofdeliciouslookingfriednoodles,hesmiledandmadeanOKsignatthewaiterwithhisthumbandforefingerlinkedinacircle.Lookingangry,thewaiterthenpickedupthedishandthrewittohislap.Whathedidwrong,hewondered.Well,nothingisquiteasitseemswhenitcomestousinghandgestureinanothercountry.Gestureshavebeenusedtoreplacewordsinmanycountries,andtheyareoftenspecifictoagivenculture.Gesturemaymeansomethingcomplimentaryinoneculture,butishighlyoffensiveinanother.Thegesture“thumb-up”iscommonlymisinterpreted.InEnglish,itispopularlyknownas“thumbsup”,despitethefactthattheactioniscommonlyperformedwithonlyonehand.English-speakingCaucasiansuseittosignal“OK”,whichisthesamemeaningasOKringgesture.Thetwocaninfactbeusedalmostinterchangeably.AvoidusingthisgestureinSouthernSardinaorNorthernGreeceunlessyouwanttoinviteafight.WhileAmericans,BritishandAustralianswouldusethethumb-uptosignalhitchhikingtothedrivers,thismessagewillnotencourageaGreekdriverormotoristtostoptogivethemaride.Therearenorightorwrongsignals,onlyculturaldifferences.Lackofculturalunderstandingwillleadtodisharmonyamongpeoplefromdifferentcultures.Whenweknowwhattolookfor,suchencounterswithotherculturesareactuallyveryinteresting,fascinatingandfun.Itiscertainlyagreattopictodiscussoveracupofcoffeeandcakes.1.Whatdidthemaninthefirstparagraphdowrong?A.Hemisunderstoodthewaiter.B.Hedidn?trealizeculturaldifferences.C.Heorderedsomethingonthemenu.D.Hemadethesignalinarudeway.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphmean?A.Fullofadmiration.B.Fullofaggression.C.Fullofcomplexity.D.Fullofcertainty.3.Whatwillhappenifyoumakeathumb-uptowardsamaninNorthernGreece?A.Hewillstoptogiveyoualift.B.Hewillgetannoyedandfightagainstyou.C.Hewillaskyoutogivehimalift.D.Hewillmakethesamesignaltowardsyou.4.What?sthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainthemeaningofdifferentgestures.B.Totellstoriesaboutdifferentcultures.C.Toadviseustohaveanunderstandingofculturaldifferences.D.Topersuadepeoplefromdifferentcountriestoliveinharmony.BScreamingisoneoftheresponseshumanssharewithotheranimals.Conventionalthinkinngsuggeststhatwhatsetsascreamapartfromothersoundsisitsloudness.However,manysoundsthatarelouddonotraisegoosebumpslikescreamscan.Tofindoutwhatmakeshumanscreamsunique,neuroscientistLucArnalandhisteamexaminedabankofsoundscontainingsentencesspokenorscreamedby19adults.Theresultshowsscreamsandscreamedsentenceshadaqualitycalled“roughness”,whichreferstohowfastasoundchangesinloudness.Whilenormalspeechsoundsonlyhaveslightdifferencesinloudness—between4and5Hz,screamscanswitchveryfast,varyingbetween30and150Hz,thusconsideredtoberoughandunpleasant. Arnal?steamasked20subjectstojudgescreamsasfearfulornot,andfoundthatthescariestarealmostalwaysconnectedwithroughness.TheteamthenstudiedhowthehumanbrainrespondstoroughnessusingMRIbrainscanners(磁共振颅脑扫描仪).Asexpected,afterhearingascream,activityincreasedinthebrain?shearingcentreswheresoundcomingintotheearsisprocessed.Butthescansalsolitupintheamygdalae(脑扁桃体),thebrain?sfearcentre.Theamygdalaistheareathatrespondstodanger.Whenathreatisdetected,ouradrenalin(肾上腺素)rises,andourbodypreparestoreacttodanger.Thestudyfoundthatroughnessisn?theardwhenwespeaknaturally,butthemostannoyingalarmclocks,carhorns,andfirealarmspossesshighdegreesofroughness.Onepotentialapplicationforthisresearchmightbetoaddroughnesstoalarmsoundstomakethemmoreeffective,thesamewayabadsmellisaddedtonaturalgastomakeiteasilytobedetected.Warningsoundscouldalsobeaddedtoelectriccars,whichareparticularlysilent,sotheycanbeefficientlydetectedbypedestrians.5.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Differenttypesofscreams.B.Specificfeaturesofscreams.C.Humansoundsandanimalcries.D.Soundchangesandscreamedsentences.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“raisegoosebumps”probablymean?A.Makepeoplefeelunpleasant.B.Makepeoplefeelcold.C.Makepeoplerudeandrough.D.Makepeopleunique.7.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Roughnessiscommonlyheardinmanyartificialsounds.B.Thetravellingspeedmakesscreamsdifferentfromothersounds.C.Verylittlescientificresearchhasbeendoneonhumanscreams.D.Normalhumanspeechsoundsvarybetween30to150Hzinloudness.8.Whatdevicemaybeimprovedwiththeresearchers?findings?A.Trafficlights.B.Securitycameras.C.Smartphones.D.Smokedetectors.Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Nomatterwhereyouare,humansareconstantlymeasuringandcheckingtime.Someofusaregoodatit—planninganddoingthingsaheadoftime,1.　　　　othersarealwaystryingtobeattheclockanddothingsattheeleventhhour. Tardiness(拖拉)canbeserious.Ifyou2.　　　　(be)oneminutelateforwork,wouldyouresign?Itmaysoundextreme,butthatisexactly3.　　　　noccurredintheUKupperchamberofparliament,theHouseofLords,inJanuary2018.InternationalDevelopmentministerLordBatesarrivedoneminutelate,and,asaresult,wasunabletoanswera4.　　　　(schedule)question.Insteadoftrying5.　　　　(make)upforlosttime,asmanymightdo,heresignedon6.　　　　spot.Heapologizedforhisdiscourtesy(无礼)andstatedthathewasashamed.Hisresignation,though,7.　　　　(reject)bytheUKprimeminister. So,howlateistoolate?Manyculturestakepunctualityveryseriously.Incontrast,othersseemtoviewtardiness8.　　　　justthenormalwayofthings.Whatisconsideredacceptableisbasedonculture.Thatis,ifyoudon?tmindwaiting,itmightbebesttoattendyour9.　　　　(appoint)ingoodtime.Andiftheworstcomestotheworst,remembertheoldEnglishproverb,“10.　　　　(good)latethannever.” Ⅲ.短文改错Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Ialwaysspentaspecialdaywithmyfamily,theclosestoneswhoIcouldsharemyjoyandhappiness.WhenIwokeupinthemorning,Ifoundonthedeskwassomenewclothesandanotewhichsaid,“Getdressingandcomeoutside.”Ididso,andbeforeIgotoutsideIfoundmyfatherwaitthere.HetookmetoahugeamusementparkIhaveneverbeento.Weboughtticketandentered.IwentdirecttothemainrollercoasterwhichIhadbeenhopingtorideitforyears.Itturnedouttobeagreatbirthday.课时作业(十九)Ⅰ.A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了身势语在不同的文化背景下,有不同的意义。如果不理解文化差异,很可能会造成误会,所以作者建议我们要理解文化差异。1.B　n推理判断题。根据第一段以及第二段中的“Gesturemaymeansomethingcomplimentaryinoneculture,butishighlyoffensiveinanother.”可知,手势在一种文化中可能意味着一些赞美,但在另一种文化中却是无礼的。据此推断,这个人的错误在于他没有意识到文化的差异。故选B项。2.A　细节理解题。根据“…butishighlyoffensiveinanother.”可知,同一种手势在另一种文化中是无礼的。根据but表示转折关系可以推断,“Gesturemaymeansomethingcomplimentaryinoneculture…”意思是手势在一种文化中是表示敬意的。故complimentary意思是“赞美的,表示敬意的”。3.B　细节理解题。根据第四段“AvoidusingthisgestureinSouthernSardinaorNorthernGreeceunlessyouwanttoinviteafight.”可知,在希腊北部,如果你对一个人伸出大拇指,他会很生气,并且会和你打架。故选B项。4.C　写作意图题。根据文章最后一段可知,这篇文章主要讲了身势语在不同的文化背景下,有不同的意义。如果不了解文化差异,很可能会造成误会,所以作者建议我们要了解文化差异。故选C项。B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要说明了对尖叫进行的科学研究。5.B　推理判断题。根据第一段第四句和对本段的整体理解可推知,本段主要讲述的是尖叫的特征,故选B。6.A　词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句可知,尖叫会让人感觉不舒服,与画线短语所在句呼应,故选A。7.A　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知,许多人造声音听起来都很粗糙,故选A。8.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可推知,这项发现可以应用于气味检测中,故选D。Ⅱ.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,主要讨论了不同文化中人们对迟到的不同看法。1.while　考查连词。该空的前一句说“我们中的一些人擅长提前计划做事情”,后一句说“其他的人总是试图在最后一刻赶时间做事情”,两句话之间存在转折关系,故填转折连词while。2.were　考查虚拟语气。句意:如果你上班迟到一分钟,你会辞职吗?本句是if引导的条件状语从句,表达与将来事实相反的情况,应采用“if+主语+动词过去式”的结构,故填were。3.what　考查连接代词。本句是表语从句,从句中缺少的成分是主语,这里的主语指代的是事情,所以用what。4.scheduled　考查形容词。在冠词a和名词question之间应该用形容词,故填schedule的形容词形式scheduled,表示“预定的”。5.tomake　考查动词不定式。trytodosth是固定搭配,意为“努力做某事”。6.the　考查定冠词。onthespot是固定短语,意为“在现场,立刻”。句意:他并没有像许多人那样,试图弥补失去的时间,而是当场辞职。7.wasrejected　考查动词时态和语态。句意:尽管他的辞呈被英国首相拒绝了。主语resignation和reject之间是被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态。8.as　考查介词。句意:相比之下,其他的文化似乎认为迟到是正常的事情。view…as…是固定搭配,意为“把……看作……”。9.appointment(s)　考查词性转换。句意:如果你不介意等的话,最好及早去参加你的约会。形容词性物主代词后面应该跟名词。故填appointment(s)。10.Better　考查形容词比较级。“Betterlatethannever.”是一个英语谚语,意为“迟做总比不做好。”Ⅲ.Yesterdaywasmybirthday.Ialwaysspentaspecialdaywithmyfamily,theclosestoneswhoIcouldsharemyjoy theandhappiness∧with.WhenIwokeupinthemorning,Ifoundonthedeskwassomenewclothesandanotewhichn weresaid,“Getdressingandcomeoutside.”Ididso,andbeforeIgotoutsideIfoundmyfatherwait dressed when/after waitingthere.HetookmetoahugeamusementparkIhaveneverbeento.Weboughtticketandentered.Iwent had ticketsdirecttothemainrollercoasterwhichIhadbeenhopingtorideitforyears.Itturnedouttobeagreatbirthday. directly