2020版高考英语总复习unit3inventorsandinventions课时作业选修8 6页

Unit3InventorsandinventionsⅠ.阅读理解AnautonomousvehicledesignedformakinglocalcommercedeliverieswasunveiledbyNuro.ThevehicleisabouttheheightofanSUVbutfarnarrowerthanatypicalcar.Theelectriccarfeaturesfourexteriorcompartments(隔层)—twooneachside—toholdseparatedeliveries.Eachcompartmentcanbetailoredtoaspecificuse,suchascookingapizzaorrefrigeratingapackage.“Wecanuseself-drivingtechnologytodeliveranything,anytime,anywhereforbasicallyalllocalgoodsandservices,”Nuroco-founderDaveFergusonsaid.“Consumersusedtobeokaywithtwo-weekpaidshipping.Itbecametwo-weekfreedelivery,followedbyoneweek,twodays,andthesameday.Nowsame-daydeliveryisn?tfastenoughforsomecustomers.”Nuroisn?taloneinbuildingrobotsforlocalcommercedeliveries.Earlierthismonth,Toyota,aJapanesecarcompany,unveiledaconceptvehiclethatcouldbeusedforpackagedelivery.Ahandfulofstart-ups—includingStarshipTechnologies,MarbleandDispatch—aretestingsmallrobotsfordeliveriesonsidewalks.Nuro?svehiclewilllikelyfacelegalhurdles.Fullyautonomousvehicleswithoutatestdriveraren?tlegalinCaliforniatoday,andmanycompanieshaveshiftedtestingtostateswhereregulatorsaremorewelcomingofautonomousvehicles,suchasArizona.Nuroexpectstofacefewerchallengesbecauseitdoesn?tcarrypassengers.Nuro?snarrowsizemayalsobehelpfulwhennavigatingstreetsandavoidingpedestrians.Thevehicleisn?tequippedwithanyspecialfeaturestocommunicatewithpedestriansorotherroadusers.Somecompanieshavetestedandpatentedsolutionssuchasdigitalscreensthatsignalthecar?snextmove.Fergusonsaidhisteamhadconductedstudiesandfoundthatsuchtechniquescouldconfusepeople.Nurobelievesit?sbettertomakesurethecarperformspredictably,sothathumandriversknowwhattoexpectfromit.“Wefeelbycreatingthisnewtechnologythat?sgoingtoenablethislastmiledelivery,we?regoingtobecreatingnewmarketsanddoingthingsthatpreviouslyweren?tpossible,”Fergusonsaid.“Thisisnotswappingjobswithrobots.It?screatingnewmarkets.Therewilldefinitelybenewemploymentopportunities.”1.WhatisthemaincharacteristicoftheNuro?sself-drivingvehicle?A.Itcancookdeliciousmealsforcustomers.B.Itisapioneerinthefieldofself-drivingvehicles.C.Itisfarnarrowerandhigherthanotherautonomousones.D.Itsdeliveriescanbetransportedinthespecialcompartment.2.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“hurdles”inParagraph4?A.Breakthrough.B.Dilemma.C.Restriction.D.Protection.3.WhyistheNuro?svehiclenotequippedwithcommunicatingfeatures?A.Itsdigitalscreensoftenbreakdown.B.Peoplemaybepuzzledatthefeatures.C.Thefeatureshavenotbeendeveloped.nD.Itsperformanceisusuallyhardtopredict.4.WhatcanweinferaboutFerguson?sopiniononthisnewtechnology?A.Beneficial.B.Challenging.C.Controversial.D.Ambiguous.Ⅱ.阅读七选五根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.　1　Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywon?tbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.　2　ThankstoengineerAndyOzcan,manypeoplemayneverbeinthissituation.Hehasinventedanappthatturnsyourmobilephoneintoadiagnostic(诊断的)tool. Ozcan?sinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.Inmanyremoteplaces,evenifdoctorshavemicroscopesandotherinstrumentstohelpthemmakediagnoses,theremaystillbeotherproblems.Manydoctors,forexample,don?thaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.　3　WithOzcan?smobilephoneapp,healthworkerscantakeaspecialphotoofabloodsampleandsendittoacentralcomputeratahospital.Thecomputerwillthenautomaticallyinterpretthephotoandsendadiagnosisbackinafewminutes. 　4　HistechnologyonlyrequiresamobilephoneandanInternetconnection.Asmorethanfourbillionpeoplealreadyhavecellphones,thecostofestablishingthediagnosticsystemisfairlylow. Byinventingamedicaltoolthatusesexistingtechnology—mobilephones—Ozcanhasdevelopedamedicaltoolthatisbothpracticalandeconomical.Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.　5　 A.AnotherreasonthatOzcan?sinventionisimportantisthatitisinexpensive.B.Eventhoughyoumayonlyhaveasimpleinfection(感染),youmightdiebecauseofthedelay.C.Peoplearetryingtoreducethecostofthisnewmedicaltool.D.Ozcan?ssimple,cost-effectivetoolmightjustsavemillionsoflivesaroundtheworld.E.Thistoolhasbecomemuchmorepopularallaroundtheworld.F.Youbecomeverysickandmustwaitdaysuntilamobilemedicalunitarrivestohelp.G.Asaresult,theymaydiagnoseillnessesincorrectly.Ⅲ.完形填空Mymotherhasalwaysbeeninvolvedinearlychildhoodeducation.Sheoftensetsthesceneforchildrento　1　thejoyofphysicalactivity,gettingthemexcitedand　2　tolearn. MumwassoproudofmeafterI　3　thetriathlonatthe2000Olympics,butbeforethedust　4　,shegrabbedme,saying:“Nowthisisyour　5　.Useit.”Shewasn?tspeakingfromaneconomicpointofviewbuttalkingaboutthe　6　ofmybeingarolemodel,encouragingkidsto　7　theirdreams. SincetheOlympics,Ihave　8　morethan100schools.Italktothekidsabout“livingalifeless　9　,”aconceptpassedontomebymyparents—theideaof　10　beingaverage.Itellthemthatyouwill　11　whatyoubelieve. AsIwasakid,mymothercametoevery　12　—nottopressuremebutto　13　nme.Oneofmyfavouritesports-relatedmemorieswaswhenIwas　14　intheCanadianTriathlonChampionships.AsIranbyabigtruck,Isawmymother　15　ontopofoneofitshugewheels,cheeringforme.Ifinditsadwhenpeoplesaytheirparentshaveneverseenthem　16　. WhenIwasattheUniversity,Icompletedonlyonesemesterandthendecidedto　17　soIcouldraceprofessionallyfull-time.MumwasthefirstpersonIcalled.Itwasa　18　moment.Iwasn?tsurehowshewouldreact. “Mum,Ihavethisopportunity,andIthinkI?mgoingtotakeit.Whatdoyouthink?”Shewasas　19　asever.Itturnedouttobeagood　20　. Supportingyourchildren,trustingtheirdecisions,givingwell-thought-outadvice—thosearedefinitelyimportantqualities.1.A.experienceB.evaluateC.expressD.expect2.A.afraidB.readyC.relaxedD.unwilling3.A.wonB.choseC.playedD.watched4.A.roseB.settledC.flewD.appeared5.A.luckB.timeC.crossroadsD.opportunity6.A.demandB.happinessC.courageD.importance7.A.displayB.followC.appreciateD.abandon8.A.servedB.attendedC.visitedD.started9.A.energeticB.colourfulC.miserableD.ordinary10.A.neverB.alwaysC.seldomD.usually11.A.neglectB.achieveC.suspectD.assume12.A.practiceB.schoolC.gameD.kindergarten13.A.supportB.rewardC.instructD.comfort14.A.surfingB.jumpingC.joggingD.running15.A.sittingB.speakingC.standingD.performing16.A.competeB.succeedC.separateD.compromise17.A.dropinB.dropoffnC.dropoutD.dropback18.A.magicB.nervousC.criticalD.serious19.A.attractiveB.talkativeC.imaginativeD.supportive20.A.considerationB.intentionC.suggestionD.decision课时作业(三十八)Ⅰ.【文章大意】文章是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Nuro自主设计的一种自动驾驶汽车。此自动驾驶汽车被用来递送货物,并有着广阔的前景。1.D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Theelectriccarfeaturesfourexteriorcompartments(隔层)—twooneachside—toholdseparatedeliveries.”可知,Nuro的自动驾驶汽车的主要特征是它的运送可以在特殊的隔层里运输,故选D。2.C　词义猜测题。根据第四段第二句“Fullyautonomousvehicleswithoutatestdriveraren?tlegalinCaliforniatoday,andmanycompanieshaveshiftedtestingtostateswhereregulatorsaremorewelcomingofautonomousvehicles,suchasArizona.”可知,在加利福尼亚没有驾照驾驶全自动交通工具是不合法的,由此可推知hurdle意为“限制”,故选C。3.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第五句“Fergusonsaidhisteamhadconductedstudiesandfoundthatsuchtechniquescouldconfusepeople.”可知,这样的技术可能会使人困惑,故选B。4.A　观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Ferguson的话“‘Thisisnotswappingjobswithrobots.It?screatingnewmarkets.Therewilldefinitelybenewemploymentopportunities.”可知这样的新技术增加了新的就业机会,据此推测Ferguson认为这样的新技术是有益的,故选A。Ⅱ.【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个用来诊断疾病的手机应用软件。1.F　承接上文“Imaginethatyouareinaremotevillagesomewherewithnomedicalclinic.”,并结合常识可知,在一个没有医疗诊所的偏远村庄,病得很重的情况下,只能等数日才能得到医疗救助,故选F。2.B　承接上文“Oncethedoctorsgettoyou,theyexamineyouandtakebloodsamples,buttheywon?tbeabletohelpyouuntiltheytakethesamplesbacktothehospitaltofindoutwhatiswrong.”可知,医生要先检查,采集血样,无法立即提供帮助,可推知,患者的治疗可能会被耽误,故选B。3.G　承接上文“Manydoctors,forexample,don?thaveenoughtrainingtocorrectlyinterpretwhattheysee.”可知,许多医生因为没有足够的训练而不能正确地进行诊断,由此会误诊,故选G。4.A　承接上文“Qzcan?sinventionisimportantbecauseitisveryaccurateandeasytouse.”,并根据对本段的整体理解可推知,本段主要说明了这项发明很重要的另一个原因,故选A。5.D　承接上文“Therefore,itcanbeeffectivelyalmostanywhere.”可知,由于经济实用,这项发明几乎可以在任何地方使用,由此可知,这个简单且实惠的产品将会挽救全世界数以百万计患者的生命,故选D。Ⅲ.【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己从事铁人三项运动,受到妈妈的支持和鼓励并获得成功的故事告诉我们:支持你的孩子,相信他们的决定,并给予深思熟虑n的建议,这些都是教育孩子中重要的品质。1.A　妈妈让孩子们体验体育活动的乐趣。experience体验;evaluate评价;express表达;expect期待,预料。2.B　她让孩子们兴奋起来,准备学习。afraid害怕的;ready准备好;relaxed放松的;unwilling不情愿的。3.A　在2000年的奥运会上作者赢得铁人三项后,妈妈为此感到骄傲。win赢得;choose选择;play玩;watch观看。4.B　此处指赛前妈妈对作者说的话。beforethedustsettled在尘埃落定之前。rise上升;settle解决,定居;fly飞;appear出现。5.D　妈妈鼓励作者要抓住机会。luck运气;time时间;crossroads十字路口;opportunity机会。6.D　妈妈说了榜样的重要性。demand要求;happiness幸福;courage勇气;importance重要性。7.B　榜样的重要性是能鼓励孩子们追随他们的梦想。display展示;follow追随;appreciate欣赏,感激;abandon遗弃。8.C　自奥运会以来,作者参观了100多所学校。serve服务;attend参加,照料;visit访问;start开始。9.D　此处指作者在激励孩子们要过一种不平凡的生活。energetic精力充沛的;colourful丰富多彩的;miserable痛苦的;ordinary普通的。10.A　这种想法是不要做普通人。never从不;always总是;seldom很少;usually通常。11.B　作者告诉孩子们:你会得到你想要的。neglect疏忽;achieve达到,完成;suspect怀疑;assume假定。12.C　此处指妈妈来观看作者的每一场比赛。practice练习;school学校;game比赛;kindergarten幼儿园。13.A　妈妈来观看作者的比赛是为了支持作者。support支持;reward奖励;instruct指导;comfort安慰。14.D　作者最喜欢的一个有关体育的记忆是参加加拿大铁人三项锦标赛时跑步的情景。surf冲浪;jump跳跃;jog慢跑;run跑。15.C　作者的母亲站在一个巨大的轮子上,为作者欢呼。sit坐;speak讲话;stand站立;perform表演。16.A　当人们说他们的父母从未看过他们比赛时,作者感到很难过。compete参加竞赛;succeed成功;separate分开;compromise妥协。17.C　作者在大学的时候,只完成了一个学期的课程,然后决定退学。dropin顺便访问;dropoff减少;dropout退学;dropback后退。18.B　根据“Iwasn?tsurehowshewouldreact.”可知,那是一个紧张的时刻。magic有魔力的;nervous紧张不安的;critical批评的;serious严肃的,认真的。19.D　妈妈一如既往地支持作者。attractive具有吸引力的;talkative爱多说话的;imaginative富于想象力的;supportive支持的。20.D　结果证明这是一个很好的决定。consideration仔细考虑;intention意图;suggestion建议;decision决定。n